Jane I. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195307313
- eISBN:
- 9780199867875
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307313.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. ...
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This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. Starting with a brief history of Christian-Muslim relations, the text deals with Islam in America, models of dialogue, problems that can occur in interfaith engagement, pluralism as it is understood by Christians and Muslims, and new avenues for dialogue. The specific examples cited suggest to the reader some of the kinds of cooperative events that are taking place, as well as the variety of thinking on the part of both Christians and Muslims as to what it means to be in dialogue and to take seriously the elements of faith held by the other.Less
This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. Starting with a brief history of Christian-Muslim relations, the text deals with Islam in America, models of dialogue, problems that can occur in interfaith engagement, pluralism as it is understood by Christians and Muslims, and new avenues for dialogue. The specific examples cited suggest to the reader some of the kinds of cooperative events that are taking place, as well as the variety of thinking on the part of both Christians and Muslims as to what it means to be in dialogue and to take seriously the elements of faith held by the other.
Lisa Pearce and Melinda Lundquist Denton
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199753895
- eISBN:
- 9780199894949
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753895.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Drawing on the massive National Study of Youth and Religion’s telephone surveys and more than 120 in-depth interviews, the authors chart the spiritual trajectory of American adolescents and young ...
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Drawing on the massive National Study of Youth and Religion’s telephone surveys and more than 120 in-depth interviews, the authors chart the spiritual trajectory of American adolescents and young adults over a period of three years. Turning conventional wisdom on its head, the authors find that religion is an important force in the lives of most—though their involvement with religion changes over time, just as teenagers themselves do. Pearce and Denton weave in fascinating portraits of youth to give depth to mere numerical rankings of religiosity, which tend to prevail in large studies. One teenager might rarely attend a service, yet count herself profoundly religious; another might be deeply involved in a church’s social world, yet claim to be “not, like, deep into the faith.” They provide a new set of qualitative categories—Abiders, Assenters, Adapters, Avoiders, and Atheists—quoting from interviews to illuminate the shading between them. And, with their longitudinal survey, they offer a rich understanding of the dynamic nature of faith in young people’s lives during a period of rapid change in biology, personality, and social interaction. Not only do degrees of religiosity change, but so does its nature, whether expressed in institutional practices or personal belief. By presenting a new model of religious development and change, illustrated with compelling personal accounts of real teenagers, Pearce and Denton offer parents and religious leaders a new guide for understanding religious development in youth.Less
Drawing on the massive National Study of Youth and Religion’s telephone surveys and more than 120 in-depth interviews, the authors chart the spiritual trajectory of American adolescents and young adults over a period of three years. Turning conventional wisdom on its head, the authors find that religion is an important force in the lives of most—though their involvement with religion changes over time, just as teenagers themselves do. Pearce and Denton weave in fascinating portraits of youth to give depth to mere numerical rankings of religiosity, which tend to prevail in large studies. One teenager might rarely attend a service, yet count herself profoundly religious; another might be deeply involved in a church’s social world, yet claim to be “not, like, deep into the faith.” They provide a new set of qualitative categories—Abiders, Assenters, Adapters, Avoiders, and Atheists—quoting from interviews to illuminate the shading between them. And, with their longitudinal survey, they offer a rich understanding of the dynamic nature of faith in young people’s lives during a period of rapid change in biology, personality, and social interaction. Not only do degrees of religiosity change, but so does its nature, whether expressed in institutional practices or personal belief. By presenting a new model of religious development and change, illustrated with compelling personal accounts of real teenagers, Pearce and Denton offer parents and religious leaders a new guide for understanding religious development in youth.
Christian Smith and Melinda Lundquist Denton
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195180954
- eISBN:
- 9780199835829
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019518095X.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This book aims to provide new insights on the religious and spiritual lives of American teenagers. It presents the main findings of the National Study of Youth and Religion, a research project on the ...
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This book aims to provide new insights on the religious and spiritual lives of American teenagers. It presents the main findings of the National Study of Youth and Religion, a research project on the religious and spiritual lives of American adolescents conducted at the University of North Carolina from 2001 to 2005. The survey captured a broad range of differences among U.S. teens in religion, age, race, sex, socioeconomic status, rural-suburban-urban residence, region of the country, and language spoken. The book provides answers to questions about the character of teenage religion, the extent of spiritual seeking among youth, how religion affects adolescent moral reasoning and risk behaviors, and much more. It is hoped that by informing readers about the religious and spiritual lives of American teenagers, it will help foster discussions in families, religious congregations, community organizations, and beyond, not only about the general state of religion in the United States, but also about cultural and institutional practices that may better serve and care for American teens.Less
This book aims to provide new insights on the religious and spiritual lives of American teenagers. It presents the main findings of the National Study of Youth and Religion, a research project on the religious and spiritual lives of American adolescents conducted at the University of North Carolina from 2001 to 2005. The survey captured a broad range of differences among U.S. teens in religion, age, race, sex, socioeconomic status, rural-suburban-urban residence, region of the country, and language spoken. The book provides answers to questions about the character of teenage religion, the extent of spiritual seeking among youth, how religion affects adolescent moral reasoning and risk behaviors, and much more. It is hoped that by informing readers about the religious and spiritual lives of American teenagers, it will help foster discussions in families, religious congregations, community organizations, and beyond, not only about the general state of religion in the United States, but also about cultural and institutional practices that may better serve and care for American teens.
Melvin Delgado and Lee Staples
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195182767
- eISBN:
- 9780199865192
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182767.003.0011
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Children and Families
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. It discusses the future directions of youth-led organizing. It argues that the movement will continue to grow and increase its social impact in the ...
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This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. It discusses the future directions of youth-led organizing. It argues that the movement will continue to grow and increase its social impact in the years ahead.Less
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. It discusses the future directions of youth-led organizing. It argues that the movement will continue to grow and increase its social impact in the years ahead.
Melvin Delgado and Lee Staples
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195182767
- eISBN:
- 9780199865192
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182767.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Children and Families
Youth-led organizing, a burgeoning movement that empowers young people while simultaneously enabling them to make substantive contributions to their communities, is increasingly receiving attention ...
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Youth-led organizing, a burgeoning movement that empowers young people while simultaneously enabling them to make substantive contributions to their communities, is increasingly receiving attention from scholars, activists, and the media. This book studies this dynamic field. It takes an important step toward bridging the gap between academic knowledge and community practice in this growing area. The book’s social justice-rooted perspective on the field’s conceptual and practical foundations is an effective basis for analyzing youth-led community organizing, but it also offers glimpses of successful groups in action and helpful insight into how fledgling organizations can become stronger. These groups and their young participants represent the politics and activism of the future, and the book guides to their key aspects and recent developments.Less
Youth-led organizing, a burgeoning movement that empowers young people while simultaneously enabling them to make substantive contributions to their communities, is increasingly receiving attention from scholars, activists, and the media. This book studies this dynamic field. It takes an important step toward bridging the gap between academic knowledge and community practice in this growing area. The book’s social justice-rooted perspective on the field’s conceptual and practical foundations is an effective basis for analyzing youth-led community organizing, but it also offers glimpses of successful groups in action and helpful insight into how fledgling organizations can become stronger. These groups and their young participants represent the politics and activism of the future, and the book guides to their key aspects and recent developments.
Jacqueline Corcoran
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195375718
- eISBN:
- 9780199865529
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195375718.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Health and Mental Health
This book reviews the evidence basis for the treatment of mental health disorders that present in children and adolescents, using both the American Psychological Association Division 12 Task Force ...
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This book reviews the evidence basis for the treatment of mental health disorders that present in children and adolescents, using both the American Psychological Association Division 12 Task Force Criteria for empirically supported treatment and the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The context of the child and its influence on the development of the mental health disorder, as well as treatment and recovery, is appraised through the risk and resilience framework. Barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for the practice and research of evidence-based treatment for child and adolescent mental health disorders are advanced.Less
This book reviews the evidence basis for the treatment of mental health disorders that present in children and adolescents, using both the American Psychological Association Division 12 Task Force Criteria for empirically supported treatment and the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The context of the child and its influence on the development of the mental health disorder, as well as treatment and recovery, is appraised through the risk and resilience framework. Barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for the practice and research of evidence-based treatment for child and adolescent mental health disorders are advanced.
Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, Marion Kloep, Leo B. Hendry, and Jennifer L. Tanner
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199757176
- eISBN:
- 9780199863389
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199757176.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
In this book two pairs of developmental psychologists take sides in a spirited debate over the theory of “emerging adulthood,” Jeffrey Arnett’s proposal that a new life stage has developed in between ...
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In this book two pairs of developmental psychologists take sides in a spirited debate over the theory of “emerging adulthood,” Jeffrey Arnett’s proposal that a new life stage has developed in between adolescence and young adulthood, lasting roughly from ages 18 to 25. Arnett and Jennifer Tanner argue that as young people around the world share demographic similarities such as longer education and later marriage, the 18-25 age period is best understood as entailing the rise of a new life stage of emerging adulthood. However, because the experiences of emerging adults worldwide vary according to cultural context, educational attainment, and social class, Arnett and Tanner suggest that there may not be one but many different emerging adulthoods. An important issue for this burgeoning area of inquiry is to explore and describe this variation. In contrast, Marion Kloep and Leo Hendry assert that stage theories have never been able to explain individual transitions across the life course; in their view, stage theories—including the theory of emerging adulthood--ought to be abolished altogether, and explanations found for the processes and mechanisms that govern human change at any age. This book provides the argument of “stage or process” in full-force, with vigorous disagreements, conflicting alternatives, some leavening humor, and ultimately even some common ground.Less
In this book two pairs of developmental psychologists take sides in a spirited debate over the theory of “emerging adulthood,” Jeffrey Arnett’s proposal that a new life stage has developed in between adolescence and young adulthood, lasting roughly from ages 18 to 25. Arnett and Jennifer Tanner argue that as young people around the world share demographic similarities such as longer education and later marriage, the 18-25 age period is best understood as entailing the rise of a new life stage of emerging adulthood. However, because the experiences of emerging adults worldwide vary according to cultural context, educational attainment, and social class, Arnett and Tanner suggest that there may not be one but many different emerging adulthoods. An important issue for this burgeoning area of inquiry is to explore and describe this variation. In contrast, Marion Kloep and Leo Hendry assert that stage theories have never been able to explain individual transitions across the life course; in their view, stage theories—including the theory of emerging adulthood--ought to be abolished altogether, and explanations found for the processes and mechanisms that govern human change at any age. This book provides the argument of “stage or process” in full-force, with vigorous disagreements, conflicting alternatives, some leavening humor, and ultimately even some common ground.
David Marsh and R. A. W. Rhodes (eds)
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198278528
- eISBN:
- 9780191684210
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198278528.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Policy is not made in the electoral arena or in the gladiatorial confrontations of Parliament, but in the netherworld of committees, civil servants, professions, and interest groups. This collection ...
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Policy is not made in the electoral arena or in the gladiatorial confrontations of Parliament, but in the netherworld of committees, civil servants, professions, and interest groups. This collection explores the private world of public policy. It provides a survey of the literature on the concept of policy networks and demonstrates its importance for understanding specific policy areas. The case studies cover policy-making in agriculture, civil nuclear power, youth employment, smoking, heart disease, sea defences, information technology, and exchange rate policy. Finally the book attempts an overall assessment of the utility of the concept, focusing on such questions as why networks change, which interests dominate and benefit from networks, and the consequences of the present system for representative democracy.Less
Policy is not made in the electoral arena or in the gladiatorial confrontations of Parliament, but in the netherworld of committees, civil servants, professions, and interest groups. This collection explores the private world of public policy. It provides a survey of the literature on the concept of policy networks and demonstrates its importance for understanding specific policy areas. The case studies cover policy-making in agriculture, civil nuclear power, youth employment, smoking, heart disease, sea defences, information technology, and exchange rate policy. Finally the book attempts an overall assessment of the utility of the concept, focusing on such questions as why networks change, which interests dominate and benefit from networks, and the consequences of the present system for representative democracy.
Marina Umaschi Bers
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199757022
- eISBN:
- 9780199933037
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199757022.003.0014
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter orients the reader on how to use the PTD framework to design innovative experiences with technologies for promoting positive youth development. The chapter is of value for implementing ...
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This chapter orients the reader on how to use the PTD framework to design innovative experiences with technologies for promoting positive youth development. The chapter is of value for implementing both formal (school-based) and informal (out-of-school) educational experiences, home-based learning projects, and psychotherapeutic programs, throughout the developmental span. The chapter also guides readers on how to choose among the ever-changing digital landscape which technologies have the most potential for good uses by youth at different ages. Educators are frequently too quick to subscribe to a technology without considering how it will benefit the experiences of the participating children. This chapter warns against such a technocentric approach and proposes ten dimensions for successful immersive programs.Less
This chapter orients the reader on how to use the PTD framework to design innovative experiences with technologies for promoting positive youth development. The chapter is of value for implementing both formal (school-based) and informal (out-of-school) educational experiences, home-based learning projects, and psychotherapeutic programs, throughout the developmental span. The chapter also guides readers on how to choose among the ever-changing digital landscape which technologies have the most potential for good uses by youth at different ages. Educators are frequently too quick to subscribe to a technology without considering how it will benefit the experiences of the participating children. This chapter warns against such a technocentric approach and proposes ten dimensions for successful immersive programs.
Mia Lövheim
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195305418
- eISBN:
- 9780199785094
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305418.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Sweden is often categorized as one of the most secularized and postmodern countries in the world. The Internet has been described as the “epitome” of transformations of traditional religion in late ...
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Sweden is often categorized as one of the most secularized and postmodern countries in the world. The Internet has been described as the “epitome” of transformations of traditional religion in late modern society. This chapter analyzes how youth negotiate religious conventions in discussions of religion on the Internet. If there is a “test case” for the breakdown of religious conventions based on the traditionalized beliefs and practices of institutionalized religion and traditional modes of religious socialization, this would be it. It is argued that despite these anticipations, the construction of religious identities, even in the transient sites of late modern society, is not only a question of individual choice in a “spiritual marketplace”, but also structured by religious authorities and conventions.Less
Sweden is often categorized as one of the most secularized and postmodern countries in the world. The Internet has been described as the “epitome” of transformations of traditional religion in late modern society. This chapter analyzes how youth negotiate religious conventions in discussions of religion on the Internet. If there is a “test case” for the breakdown of religious conventions based on the traditionalized beliefs and practices of institutionalized religion and traditional modes of religious socialization, this would be it. It is argued that despite these anticipations, the construction of religious identities, even in the transient sites of late modern society, is not only a question of individual choice in a “spiritual marketplace”, but also structured by religious authorities and conventions.
Alan McDougall
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199276271
- eISBN:
- 9780191706028
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276271.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
In communist East Germany, young people constituted the social group for whom the ruling authorities had the highest hopes — and in whom they were most frequently and bitterly disappointed. In this ...
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In communist East Germany, young people constituted the social group for whom the ruling authorities had the highest hopes — and in whom they were most frequently and bitterly disappointed. In this book, the author has undertaken a study of the East German communist youth organization, the Free German Youth (FDJ), and the young people that it tried, often in vain, to enthuse and control. Utilizing a wide range of primary sources, the author focuses upon East German youth during five ‘crisis points’ in the GDR's early history, beginning with the June 1953 uprising and concluding with the impact of the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring in 1968. In the process, he provides a political and social history of East German youth within and beyond the framework of ‘organized’ youth life. Important events in East German youth politics are analysed in detail, alongside the subversive role of Western youth culture in the GDR, particularly during the 1960s when ‘hot’ music by groups such as The Beatles penetrated the Iron Curtain. This book has important wider implications in the thriving field of GDR studies. It contends that there is little to be gained from viewing the history of East German youth politics — and that of the GDR more generally — through the narrow prism of totalitarian theory, with its heavy emphasis on the role of repression and Soviet military power in maintaining dictatorial rule. The relationship between rulers and ruled in the GDR was in fact based upon the dual precepts of coercion and consent, according to which the communist authorities sought both to appease and control the East German population. This model helps to explain the nature of youth dissent — both its proliferation and ultimate limitations — in the GDR. Despite an expanding secret police apparatus, youth dissent in the GDR was far more extensive than many Western scholars assumed in the Cold War era. Though much of this dissent was limited in character and intent, especially after the June 1953 uprising, it undermined the GDR's long-term stability — a fact reflected in the prominent role of former FDJ members in its collapse in 1989. By integrating social and political aspects at each stage of his study, the author provides a valuable study of the East German regime.Less
In communist East Germany, young people constituted the social group for whom the ruling authorities had the highest hopes — and in whom they were most frequently and bitterly disappointed. In this book, the author has undertaken a study of the East German communist youth organization, the Free German Youth (FDJ), and the young people that it tried, often in vain, to enthuse and control. Utilizing a wide range of primary sources, the author focuses upon East German youth during five ‘crisis points’ in the GDR's early history, beginning with the June 1953 uprising and concluding with the impact of the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring in 1968. In the process, he provides a political and social history of East German youth within and beyond the framework of ‘organized’ youth life. Important events in East German youth politics are analysed in detail, alongside the subversive role of Western youth culture in the GDR, particularly during the 1960s when ‘hot’ music by groups such as The Beatles penetrated the Iron Curtain. This book has important wider implications in the thriving field of GDR studies. It contends that there is little to be gained from viewing the history of East German youth politics — and that of the GDR more generally — through the narrow prism of totalitarian theory, with its heavy emphasis on the role of repression and Soviet military power in maintaining dictatorial rule. The relationship between rulers and ruled in the GDR was in fact based upon the dual precepts of coercion and consent, according to which the communist authorities sought both to appease and control the East German population. This model helps to explain the nature of youth dissent — both its proliferation and ultimate limitations — in the GDR. Despite an expanding secret police apparatus, youth dissent in the GDR was far more extensive than many Western scholars assumed in the Cold War era. Though much of this dissent was limited in character and intent, especially after the June 1953 uprising, it undermined the GDR's long-term stability — a fact reflected in the prominent role of former FDJ members in its collapse in 1989. By integrating social and political aspects at each stage of his study, the author provides a valuable study of the East German regime.
David Engel
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195134681
- eISBN:
- 9780199848652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134681.003.0020
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
A review of the book, Lema 'an herutenu veherutkhem: habund bepolin 1939–1949 (For Our Freedom and Yours: The Jewish Labor Bund in Poland 1939–1949) by Daniel Blatman is presented. Blatman's ...
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A review of the book, Lema 'an herutenu veherutkhem: habund bepolin 1939–1949 (For Our Freedom and Yours: The Jewish Labor Bund in Poland 1939–1949) by Daniel Blatman is presented. Blatman's pioneering study of the Bund during the Second World War and afterwards places its author squarely within the latter camp. In his words, “the Bund's struggle during the Holocaust to survive, on the one hand, as a movement bearing a particular ideological legacy and, on the other, to integrate itself into the [overall] Jewish struggle for survival represents an additional aspect of the manner in which Jews coped with the burden of that time” — an aspect worth studying because it embodied “a fundamentally different perception” of the threat facing Polish Jewry “than that of the Zionist youth movements and parties” whose perspective “has been adopted without dissent by historians and scholars in Israel”.Less
A review of the book, Lema 'an herutenu veherutkhem: habund bepolin 1939–1949 (For Our Freedom and Yours: The Jewish Labor Bund in Poland 1939–1949) by Daniel Blatman is presented. Blatman's pioneering study of the Bund during the Second World War and afterwards places its author squarely within the latter camp. In his words, “the Bund's struggle during the Holocaust to survive, on the one hand, as a movement bearing a particular ideological legacy and, on the other, to integrate itself into the [overall] Jewish struggle for survival represents an additional aspect of the manner in which Jews coped with the burden of that time” — an aspect worth studying because it embodied “a fundamentally different perception” of the threat facing Polish Jewry “than that of the Zionist youth movements and parties” whose perspective “has been adopted without dissent by historians and scholars in Israel”.
Harry Hendrick
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198217824
- eISBN:
- 9780191678295
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198217824.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Social History
This is a study of the debate on male youth in the period 1880–1920. During these years, male working-class youth was regarded as posing a serious problem, not only economically, but also morally and ...
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This is a study of the debate on male youth in the period 1880–1920. During these years, male working-class youth was regarded as posing a serious problem, not only economically, but also morally and socially. The author investigates the ‘making’ of this problem, examining attitudes towards youth and its behaviour, contemporary perceptions of ‘boy labour’, and the ‘discovery’ of the working-class adolescent. He goes on to consider the attempts to solve the problem and create adaptable and efficient citizens, by measures including philanthropy (the youth movement), collectivism (a juvenile labour exchange and vocational guide system), and further education (part-time day continuation schools). The book demonstrates the significance, long underestimated, of the male adolescent in British society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The study illuminates such major issues as poverty, unemployment, race, class conflict, industrial unrest, and the nature of democracy. Drawing in a further dimension, he charts the development of child and adolescent psychology and its contribution to the definition and perpetuation of the youth problem. He argues that the images of youth forged in this period had important and far-reaching consequences for age and class relations.Less
This is a study of the debate on male youth in the period 1880–1920. During these years, male working-class youth was regarded as posing a serious problem, not only economically, but also morally and socially. The author investigates the ‘making’ of this problem, examining attitudes towards youth and its behaviour, contemporary perceptions of ‘boy labour’, and the ‘discovery’ of the working-class adolescent. He goes on to consider the attempts to solve the problem and create adaptable and efficient citizens, by measures including philanthropy (the youth movement), collectivism (a juvenile labour exchange and vocational guide system), and further education (part-time day continuation schools). The book demonstrates the significance, long underestimated, of the male adolescent in British society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The study illuminates such major issues as poverty, unemployment, race, class conflict, industrial unrest, and the nature of democracy. Drawing in a further dimension, he charts the development of child and adolescent psychology and its contribution to the definition and perpetuation of the youth problem. He argues that the images of youth forged in this period had important and far-reaching consequences for age and class relations.
Avi Max Spiegel
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159843
- eISBN:
- 9781400866434
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159843.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
Today, two-thirds of all Arab Muslims are under the age of thirty. This book takes readers inside the evolving competition for their support—a competition not simply between Islamism and the secular ...
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Today, two-thirds of all Arab Muslims are under the age of thirty. This book takes readers inside the evolving competition for their support—a competition not simply between Islamism and the secular world, but between different and often conflicting visions of Islam itself. Drawing on extensive ethnographic research among rank-and-file activists in Morocco, the book shows how Islamist movements are encountering opposition from an unexpected source—each other. In vivid detail, the book describes the conflicts that arise as Islamist groups vie with one another for new recruits, and the unprecedented fragmentation that occurs as members wrangle over a shared urbanized base. Looking carefully at how political Islam is lived, expressed, and understood by young people, the book moves beyond the top-down focus of current research. Instead, it makes the compelling case that Islamist actors are shaped more by their relationships to each other than by their relationships to the state or even to religious ideology. By focusing not only on the texts of aging elites but also on the voices of diverse and sophisticated Muslim youths, the book exposes the shifting and contested nature of Islamist movements today—movements that are being reimagined from the bottom up by young Islam. This book, the first to shed light on this new and uncharted era of Islamist pluralism in the Middle East and North Africa, uncovers the rivalries that are redefining the next generation of political Islam.Less
Today, two-thirds of all Arab Muslims are under the age of thirty. This book takes readers inside the evolving competition for their support—a competition not simply between Islamism and the secular world, but between different and often conflicting visions of Islam itself. Drawing on extensive ethnographic research among rank-and-file activists in Morocco, the book shows how Islamist movements are encountering opposition from an unexpected source—each other. In vivid detail, the book describes the conflicts that arise as Islamist groups vie with one another for new recruits, and the unprecedented fragmentation that occurs as members wrangle over a shared urbanized base. Looking carefully at how political Islam is lived, expressed, and understood by young people, the book moves beyond the top-down focus of current research. Instead, it makes the compelling case that Islamist actors are shaped more by their relationships to each other than by their relationships to the state or even to religious ideology. By focusing not only on the texts of aging elites but also on the voices of diverse and sophisticated Muslim youths, the book exposes the shifting and contested nature of Islamist movements today—movements that are being reimagined from the bottom up by young Islam. This book, the first to shed light on this new and uncharted era of Islamist pluralism in the Middle East and North Africa, uncovers the rivalries that are redefining the next generation of political Islam.
Thomas Couppié and Michèle Mansuy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199252473
- eISBN:
- 9780191601958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252475.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
An introduction to the main patterns and labour market outcomes characterizing the school-to-work transition in European Union countries. It presents the various rhythms of transition and the ...
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An introduction to the main patterns and labour market outcomes characterizing the school-to-work transition in European Union countries. It presents the various rhythms of transition and the specific transitory intermediate statuses that may occur in the process. Among a large range of profiles, two extreme ones can be identified, opposing on the one hand countries (Denmark, Austria, Germany, and the Netherlands) that share early labour market entry related to high proportions of young people combining training and working and low unemployment and, on the other hand, southern countries that share high levels of youth unemployment and absence of double status positions. A second approach focuses on the necessity to shift from a youth perspective based on biological age to a seniority perspective based on labour market experience, in order to really understand labour market entry in comparative analysis. It leads to picture new entrants as relatively disadvantaged and/or unsettled workers on the labour market in comparison with more experienced workers.Less
An introduction to the main patterns and labour market outcomes characterizing the school-to-work transition in European Union countries. It presents the various rhythms of transition and the specific transitory intermediate statuses that may occur in the process. Among a large range of profiles, two extreme ones can be identified, opposing on the one hand countries (Denmark, Austria, Germany, and the Netherlands) that share early labour market entry related to high proportions of young people combining training and working and low unemployment and, on the other hand, southern countries that share high levels of youth unemployment and absence of double status positions. A second approach focuses on the necessity to shift from a youth perspective based on biological age to a seniority perspective based on labour market experience, in order to really understand labour market entry in comparative analysis. It leads to picture new entrants as relatively disadvantaged and/or unsettled workers on the labour market in comparison with more experienced workers.
Markus Gangl
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199252473
- eISBN:
- 9780191601958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252475.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Scrutinizes the notion that patterns of school-to-work transitions in Europe can be characterized by a dichotomy between an occupational labour market (OLM) model, where entry jobs are closely linked ...
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Scrutinizes the notion that patterns of school-to-work transitions in Europe can be characterized by a dichotomy between an occupational labour market (OLM) model, where entry jobs are closely linked to young people’s specialized vocational training, and an internal labour market (ILM) model that results from a more significant role of labour market experience and seniority in matching processes. Empirically, the country clustering conforms to the OLM–ILM dichotomy insofar as entry patterns in Continental Europe with extensive vocational training systems differ from those of Northern European countries lacking such systems. Southern European countries differ systematically from both patterns, however, and indicate that transition patterns are not determined by the structure of training systems alone but result from the interaction of educational systems and labour market institutions.Less
Scrutinizes the notion that patterns of school-to-work transitions in Europe can be characterized by a dichotomy between an occupational labour market (OLM) model, where entry jobs are closely linked to young people’s specialized vocational training, and an internal labour market (ILM) model that results from a more significant role of labour market experience and seniority in matching processes. Empirically, the country clustering conforms to the OLM–ILM dichotomy insofar as entry patterns in Continental Europe with extensive vocational training systems differ from those of Northern European countries lacking such systems. Southern European countries differ systematically from both patterns, however, and indicate that transition patterns are not determined by the structure of training systems alone but result from the interaction of educational systems and labour market institutions.
Markus Gangl
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199252473
- eISBN:
- 9780191601958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252475.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Describes cross-national differences in individual returns to education at entry into the labour market. With respect to occupational allocation, the analysis finds particularly large returns to ...
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Describes cross-national differences in individual returns to education at entry into the labour market. With respect to occupational allocation, the analysis finds particularly large returns to education in countries with a strong tradition of vocationally specific training, whereas in the case of the association between education and youth unemployment rates, it is the Southern European labour markets that are deviating considerably from the standard pattern. In terms of explaining cross-national differences in transition patterns from the structure of national educational systems, however, compositional as well as genuine macro effects are found to be more important than differences in returns to education on the micro level. In fact, countries classified as occupational labour market models do well because of relatively favourable skill structures as well as labour market structures receptive of new entrants in general.Less
Describes cross-national differences in individual returns to education at entry into the labour market. With respect to occupational allocation, the analysis finds particularly large returns to education in countries with a strong tradition of vocationally specific training, whereas in the case of the association between education and youth unemployment rates, it is the Southern European labour markets that are deviating considerably from the standard pattern. In terms of explaining cross-national differences in transition patterns from the structure of national educational systems, however, compositional as well as genuine macro effects are found to be more important than differences in returns to education on the micro level. In fact, countries classified as occupational labour market models do well because of relatively favourable skill structures as well as labour market structures receptive of new entrants in general.
Markus Gangl
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199252473
- eISBN:
- 9780191601958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252475.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Uses panel data modelling to assess the impact of structural change on market entrants' risk of unemployment and patterns of occupational allocation in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. Youth ...
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Uses panel data modelling to assess the impact of structural change on market entrants' risk of unemployment and patterns of occupational allocation in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. Youth unemployment rates are shown to have closely followed aggregate economic conditions with only slight impact from demographic factors. Changing occupational outcomes are more dependent on the relative evolution of educational expansion and occupational upgrading, however. In particular, labour market problems of low qualified leavers have empirically resulted from both the economic recession of the early 1990s and continued occupational upgrading in the labour market.Less
Uses panel data modelling to assess the impact of structural change on market entrants' risk of unemployment and patterns of occupational allocation in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. Youth unemployment rates are shown to have closely followed aggregate economic conditions with only slight impact from demographic factors. Changing occupational outcomes are more dependent on the relative evolution of educational expansion and occupational upgrading, however. In particular, labour market problems of low qualified leavers have empirically resulted from both the economic recession of the early 1990s and continued occupational upgrading in the labour market.
Nina Eliasoph
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691147093
- eISBN:
- 9781400838820
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691147093.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
This chapter shows what happens when two different sets of youth volunteers are supposed to meet as equals in the civic engagement projects. Disadvantaged youth often overhear the public speeches ...
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This chapter shows what happens when two different sets of youth volunteers are supposed to meet as equals in the civic engagement projects. Disadvantaged youth often overhear the public speeches about them, documenting their programs' effectiveness in preventing crime, drug abuse, and pregnancy. So it makes sense when they speak of themselves as outcomes and variables; they understand that they themselves are considered the main problem to solve. Non-disadvantaged youth assume, in contrast, that they are supposed to solve the problems of distant others. The two sets of volunteers cannot talk about this inequality together, but they have to know about it in order to make sense of action in the programs.Less
This chapter shows what happens when two different sets of youth volunteers are supposed to meet as equals in the civic engagement projects. Disadvantaged youth often overhear the public speeches about them, documenting their programs' effectiveness in preventing crime, drug abuse, and pregnancy. So it makes sense when they speak of themselves as outcomes and variables; they understand that they themselves are considered the main problem to solve. Non-disadvantaged youth assume, in contrast, that they are supposed to solve the problems of distant others. The two sets of volunteers cannot talk about this inequality together, but they have to know about it in order to make sense of action in the programs.
Duncan Gallie
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- July 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199271849
- eISBN:
- 9780191602733
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199271844.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
This chapter links the psychological consequences of unemployment to processes of social exclusion among the youth. The vulnerability factors contributing to increased risk of social exclusion for ...
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This chapter links the psychological consequences of unemployment to processes of social exclusion among the youth. The vulnerability factors contributing to increased risk of social exclusion for young unemployed people are low qualification, passivity in the labour market, precarious financial situation, low or missing social support, and insufficient or absent institutional support. Social support and social origins are the most important protective factors for unemployed youth. The combination of vulnerability and protective factors determines the risk of poor mental health.Less
This chapter links the psychological consequences of unemployment to processes of social exclusion among the youth. The vulnerability factors contributing to increased risk of social exclusion for young unemployed people are low qualification, passivity in the labour market, precarious financial situation, low or missing social support, and insufficient or absent institutional support. Social support and social origins are the most important protective factors for unemployed youth. The combination of vulnerability and protective factors determines the risk of poor mental health.
