Omar Dewachi
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197266830
- eISBN:
- 9780191938160
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266830.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
Decades of war and western interventions in Iraq have produced toxic legacies of wounding and affliction that have redefined geographies and everyday experiences of vulnerability and care. Building ...
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Decades of war and western interventions in Iraq have produced toxic legacies of wounding and affliction that have redefined geographies and everyday experiences of vulnerability and care. Building on what I call anthropology of wounding, I explore a number of methodological insights related to conducting ethnographic research on war injury across conflict landscapes in the Middle East. Taking the “wound” as a method, I explore what is “revealed” in such wounds as they map the incongruent trajectories, terrains and relations of vulnerability and care in everyday life. Anchoring my analysis in a deeper understanding of the changing ecologies of war, I show how an anthropology of wounding further unravels the biosocial relations of distress and care, and provides a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of war and the body, as well as the inscription of a history of war in the molecular and genetic makeup of the environment.Less
Decades of war and western interventions in Iraq have produced toxic legacies of wounding and affliction that have redefined geographies and everyday experiences of vulnerability and care. Building on what I call anthropology of wounding, I explore a number of methodological insights related to conducting ethnographic research on war injury across conflict landscapes in the Middle East. Taking the “wound” as a method, I explore what is “revealed” in such wounds as they map the incongruent trajectories, terrains and relations of vulnerability and care in everyday life. Anchoring my analysis in a deeper understanding of the changing ecologies of war, I show how an anthropology of wounding further unravels the biosocial relations of distress and care, and provides a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of war and the body, as well as the inscription of a history of war in the molecular and genetic makeup of the environment.
Edmund L. Drago
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823229376
- eISBN:
- 9780823234912
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823229376.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This book tells a story of white children and their families in the most militant Southern state in the United States (the state where the Civil War erupted). Drawing on a rich array of sources, many ...
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This book tells a story of white children and their families in the most militant Southern state in the United States (the state where the Civil War erupted). Drawing on a rich array of sources, many of them formerly untapped, the book shows how the War transformed the domestic world of the white South. Households were devastated by disease, death, and deprivation. Young people took up arms like adults, often with tragic results. Thousands of fathers and brothers died in battle; many returned home with grave physical and psychological wounds. Widows and orphans often had to fend for themselves. From the first volley at Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor to the end of Reconstruction, the book explores the extraordinary impact of war and defeat on the South Carolina home front. It covers a broad spectrum, from the effect of “boy soldiers” on the ideals of childhood and child rearing to changes in education, marriage customs, and community as well as family life. The book surveys the children's literature of the era and explores the changing dimensions of Confederate patriarchal society. By studying the implications of the War and its legacy in cultural memory, it unveils the conflicting perspectives of South Carolina children, white and black, during modern times.Less
This book tells a story of white children and their families in the most militant Southern state in the United States (the state where the Civil War erupted). Drawing on a rich array of sources, many of them formerly untapped, the book shows how the War transformed the domestic world of the white South. Households were devastated by disease, death, and deprivation. Young people took up arms like adults, often with tragic results. Thousands of fathers and brothers died in battle; many returned home with grave physical and psychological wounds. Widows and orphans often had to fend for themselves. From the first volley at Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor to the end of Reconstruction, the book explores the extraordinary impact of war and defeat on the South Carolina home front. It covers a broad spectrum, from the effect of “boy soldiers” on the ideals of childhood and child rearing to changes in education, marriage customs, and community as well as family life. The book surveys the children's literature of the era and explores the changing dimensions of Confederate patriarchal society. By studying the implications of the War and its legacy in cultural memory, it unveils the conflicting perspectives of South Carolina children, white and black, during modern times.
Cicely Saunders
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198570530
- eISBN:
- 9780191730412
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198570530.003.0036
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Palliative Medicine Research
Cicely Saunders' 1996 foreword to Michael Kearney's Mortally Wounded contains the memorable and much quoted phrase ‘The way care is given can reach the most hidden places and give space for ...
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Cicely Saunders' 1996 foreword to Michael Kearney's Mortally Wounded contains the memorable and much quoted phrase ‘The way care is given can reach the most hidden places and give space for unexpected development’. This book, written by one who had trained at St Christopher's, and with its detailed exploration of the concept of ‘soul pain’ is a remarkable testimony to her teaching and wider vision of care.Less
Cicely Saunders' 1996 foreword to Michael Kearney's Mortally Wounded contains the memorable and much quoted phrase ‘The way care is given can reach the most hidden places and give space for unexpected development’. This book, written by one who had trained at St Christopher's, and with its detailed exploration of the concept of ‘soul pain’ is a remarkable testimony to her teaching and wider vision of care.
Keith Smith
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199239757
- eISBN:
- 9780191705151
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239757.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter discusses historical developments in the law of offences against the person. These are considered in three distinct groupings: (1) non-fatal assaults and wounding; (2) sexual offences; ...
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This chapter discusses historical developments in the law of offences against the person. These are considered in three distinct groupings: (1) non-fatal assaults and wounding; (2) sexual offences; and (3) unlawful homicide.Less
This chapter discusses historical developments in the law of offences against the person. These are considered in three distinct groupings: (1) non-fatal assaults and wounding; (2) sexual offences; and (3) unlawful homicide.
Thomas O Beebee
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195339383
- eISBN:
- 9780199867097
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195339383.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature, American, 18th Century and Early American Literature
This chapter examines how, in the last quarter of the 19th century, millenial thought shifted from the “dominant Protestant (or reform Catholic) mind” to the “dominated hybrid mind.” One of the ...
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This chapter examines how, in the last quarter of the 19th century, millenial thought shifted from the “dominant Protestant (or reform Catholic) mind” to the “dominated hybrid mind.” One of the period’s unusual features was the simultaneous occurrence of significant millennial movements in North and South America: the chapter consider the period from 1869, the time of the first Red River Rebellion in present-day Manitoba, through the Ghost Dance that resulted in the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1891, to 1897, the year of the Canudos war in Brazil, as well as with the literary testimonials to these events. In all three cases, the racial makeup of the population that distanced them from the dominant culture and made them victims of “progress” was a contributing factor. Hybridity played a role, as Christianity was combined with native elements and endowed with messianic capabilities. These movements were in the end contained by the dominant culture in each case through violent confrontations in which superior technology played a key role in the victory, and each was accompanied by an outpouring of literary texts that reflected the apocalyptic mood of the times.Less
This chapter examines how, in the last quarter of the 19th century, millenial thought shifted from the “dominant Protestant (or reform Catholic) mind” to the “dominated hybrid mind.” One of the period’s unusual features was the simultaneous occurrence of significant millennial movements in North and South America: the chapter consider the period from 1869, the time of the first Red River Rebellion in present-day Manitoba, through the Ghost Dance that resulted in the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1891, to 1897, the year of the Canudos war in Brazil, as well as with the literary testimonials to these events. In all three cases, the racial makeup of the population that distanced them from the dominant culture and made them victims of “progress” was a contributing factor. Hybridity played a role, as Christianity was combined with native elements and endowed with messianic capabilities. These movements were in the end contained by the dominant culture in each case through violent confrontations in which superior technology played a key role in the victory, and each was accompanied by an outpouring of literary texts that reflected the apocalyptic mood of the times.
Michael T. Siva-Jothy
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199551354
- eISBN:
- 9780191720505
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199551354.003.0015
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics, Disease Ecology / Epidemiology
One of the most predictable episodes of a female insect's life is the timing of mate-encounter and mating. This chapter proposes that females are often subjected to predictable wounding during mating ...
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One of the most predictable episodes of a female insect's life is the timing of mate-encounter and mating. This chapter proposes that females are often subjected to predictable wounding during mating and that this wounding provides opportunity for environmental microbes to enter the female's haemocoel, thereby presenting immunological costs. It argues that this combination of factors is likely to lead to reproduction being a period of heightened immunological activity that has resulted in specific immune defence mechanisms and management systems that function to minimize costs while maximizing immunological efficacy. If true, these phenomena may provide valuable insights into how organisms with mechanistically simple immune systems protect themselves against a complex pathogenic world, and may also provide logistic opportunities to better study immunity in the wild.Less
One of the most predictable episodes of a female insect's life is the timing of mate-encounter and mating. This chapter proposes that females are often subjected to predictable wounding during mating and that this wounding provides opportunity for environmental microbes to enter the female's haemocoel, thereby presenting immunological costs. It argues that this combination of factors is likely to lead to reproduction being a period of heightened immunological activity that has resulted in specific immune defence mechanisms and management systems that function to minimize costs while maximizing immunological efficacy. If true, these phenomena may provide valuable insights into how organisms with mechanistically simple immune systems protect themselves against a complex pathogenic world, and may also provide logistic opportunities to better study immunity in the wild.
Patricia A. Cahill
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199212057
- eISBN:
- 9780191705830
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212057.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter explores war casualties and considers how Elizabethan history plays narrate trauma through the figure of the survivor of military violence. It focuses on the anonymous A Larum for ...
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This chapter explores war casualties and considers how Elizabethan history plays narrate trauma through the figure of the survivor of military violence. It focuses on the anonymous A Larum for London, a drama based on George Gascoigne's eyewitness account of the 1576 storming of Antwerp by mutinous Spanish soldiers. Examining A Larum in the context of Elizabethan texts on the care of war wounds, it examines the play's staging of its main character, a wounded lieutenant, identified in speech prefixes as “Stump,” who appears to be afflicted with gangrene and who, at times, brandishes his wooden leg as a weapon. The chapter ultimately suggests that A Larum for London not only negotiates the new disciplinary models of corporeality in which men are imaged as mere extensions of their deadly weapons; it also engages the question of survival, ensuring that Elizabethan playgoers have visceral encounters with traumatic history.Less
This chapter explores war casualties and considers how Elizabethan history plays narrate trauma through the figure of the survivor of military violence. It focuses on the anonymous A Larum for London, a drama based on George Gascoigne's eyewitness account of the 1576 storming of Antwerp by mutinous Spanish soldiers. Examining A Larum in the context of Elizabethan texts on the care of war wounds, it examines the play's staging of its main character, a wounded lieutenant, identified in speech prefixes as “Stump,” who appears to be afflicted with gangrene and who, at times, brandishes his wooden leg as a weapon. The chapter ultimately suggests that A Larum for London not only negotiates the new disciplinary models of corporeality in which men are imaged as mere extensions of their deadly weapons; it also engages the question of survival, ensuring that Elizabethan playgoers have visceral encounters with traumatic history.
Linnie Blake
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719075933
- eISBN:
- 9781781700914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719075933.003.0009
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter reveals that this study is engaged with a number of debates drawn from horror film scholarship, trauma theory, post-colonial studies and cultural studies. This chapter also discusses ...
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This chapter reveals that this study is engaged with a number of debates drawn from horror film scholarship, trauma theory, post-colonial studies and cultural studies. This chapter also discusses that horror cinema's specific sub-genres, such as the onryou, the necrophiliac romance, the hillbilly horror adventure and others have been shown not only to allow for a mediated engagement with acts so disgusting or violent that their real-life realisation would be socially and psychologically unacceptable, but for a re-creation, re-visitation or re-conceptualisation of traumatic memories that lie buried deep within the national psyche; memories themselves so outrageous that their very actuality as past events appears a logical impossibility. Within a traumatised culture in which hegemonic conceptions of national identity are loudly contested by dissenting groups whose challenges are nonetheless marginalised or suppressed by their economic and political masters, horror cinema can be seen to fulfill an additional function. This chapter highlights how horror cinema's socially engaged deployment of humorous pastiche and affectionate parody might bring forth a new form of subjectivity from the trauma of the past, unbinding the wounds of the nation and in so doing offering them the opportunity to heal.Less
This chapter reveals that this study is engaged with a number of debates drawn from horror film scholarship, trauma theory, post-colonial studies and cultural studies. This chapter also discusses that horror cinema's specific sub-genres, such as the onryou, the necrophiliac romance, the hillbilly horror adventure and others have been shown not only to allow for a mediated engagement with acts so disgusting or violent that their real-life realisation would be socially and psychologically unacceptable, but for a re-creation, re-visitation or re-conceptualisation of traumatic memories that lie buried deep within the national psyche; memories themselves so outrageous that their very actuality as past events appears a logical impossibility. Within a traumatised culture in which hegemonic conceptions of national identity are loudly contested by dissenting groups whose challenges are nonetheless marginalised or suppressed by their economic and political masters, horror cinema can be seen to fulfill an additional function. This chapter highlights how horror cinema's socially engaged deployment of humorous pastiche and affectionate parody might bring forth a new form of subjectivity from the trauma of the past, unbinding the wounds of the nation and in so doing offering them the opportunity to heal.
Meredith Baldwin Weddle
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195131383
- eISBN:
- 9780199834839
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019513138X.003.0013
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Some Rhode Island Quakers issued a “testimony” during the war elucidating the peace testimony and criticizing their brethren in government. The testimony stressed that peace was the fruit of ...
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Some Rhode Island Quakers issued a “testimony” during the war elucidating the peace testimony and criticizing their brethren in government. The testimony stressed that peace was the fruit of righteousness, and was the way of the Kingdom of God where love and good will toward enemies led to the purity of the soul. The Kingdom of God had no room for weapons whether offensive or defensive, nor for fighting nor killing nor standing watch. The testimony chastised those Quaker magistrates who had once been in the Kingdom of God, but had returned to an unredeemed world by placing faith in the use of weapons and by encouraging war, thereby wounding their own souls. This collective discipline regarding the peace testimony was unusual because previously the testimony had not been a subject of discipline, since each had to transform his own motives in his own time.Less
Some Rhode Island Quakers issued a “testimony” during the war elucidating the peace testimony and criticizing their brethren in government. The testimony stressed that peace was the fruit of righteousness, and was the way of the Kingdom of God where love and good will toward enemies led to the purity of the soul. The Kingdom of God had no room for weapons whether offensive or defensive, nor for fighting nor killing nor standing watch. The testimony chastised those Quaker magistrates who had once been in the Kingdom of God, but had returned to an unredeemed world by placing faith in the use of weapons and by encouraging war, thereby wounding their own souls. This collective discipline regarding the peace testimony was unusual because previously the testimony had not been a subject of discipline, since each had to transform his own motives in his own time.
Frank Graziano
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195136401
- eISBN:
- 9780199835164
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195136403.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Discusses the wound in Christ’s side as a breast where nourishment and eroticism interact dynamically, including examples from the lives of Catherine of Siena, Maria Maddalena de’Pazzi, Angela of ...
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Discusses the wound in Christ’s side as a breast where nourishment and eroticism interact dynamically, including examples from the lives of Catherine of Siena, Maria Maddalena de’Pazzi, Angela of Foligno, and Marguerite-Marie Alacoque, in addition to Rose of Lima. Flames of passion and wounds of love are then analyzed, including Teresa of Avila’s transverberation and the Mercedes graphics produced by Rose of Lima. The chapter concludes with an analysis of mystical marriage, in Rose’s life and generally, as a symbolic complex in which varied strategies of uniting with Christ–inedia, eucharistic devotion, erotic agony, unitive identification, and heart exchange, among others–are integrated into a comprehensive agenda.Less
Discusses the wound in Christ’s side as a breast where nourishment and eroticism interact dynamically, including examples from the lives of Catherine of Siena, Maria Maddalena de’Pazzi, Angela of Foligno, and Marguerite-Marie Alacoque, in addition to Rose of Lima. Flames of passion and wounds of love are then analyzed, including Teresa of Avila’s transverberation and the Mercedes graphics produced by Rose of Lima. The chapter concludes with an analysis of mystical marriage, in Rose’s life and generally, as a symbolic complex in which varied strategies of uniting with Christ–inedia, eucharistic devotion, erotic agony, unitive identification, and heart exchange, among others–are integrated into a comprehensive agenda.
Lee K. Pennington
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452574
- eISBN:
- 9780801455629
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452574.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Thousands of wounded servicemen returned to Japan following the escalation of Japanese military aggression in China in July 1937. Tens of thousands would return home after Japan widened its war ...
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Thousands of wounded servicemen returned to Japan following the escalation of Japanese military aggression in China in July 1937. Tens of thousands would return home after Japan widened its war effort in 1939. This book relates the experiences of Japanese wounded soldiers and disabled veterans of Japan's “long” Second World War (from 1937 to 1945). It maps the terrain of Japanese military medicine and social welfare practices and establishes the similarities and differences that existed between Japanese and Western physical, occupational, and spiritual rehabilitation programs for war-wounded servicemen, notably amputees. To exemplify the experience of these wounded soldiers, the book draws on the memoir of a Japanese soldier who describes in gripping detail his medical evacuation from a casualty clearing station on the front lines and his medical convalescence at a military hospital. Moving from the hospital to the home front, the book documents the prominent roles adopted by disabled veterans in mobilization campaigns designed to rally popular support for the war effort. Following Japan's defeat in August 1945, U.S. Occupation forces dismantled the social welfare services designed specifically for disabled military personnel, which brought profound consequences for veterans and their dependents. The book gives us a uniquely Japanese version of the all-too-familiar story of soldiers who return home to find their lives (and bodies) remade by combat.Less
Thousands of wounded servicemen returned to Japan following the escalation of Japanese military aggression in China in July 1937. Tens of thousands would return home after Japan widened its war effort in 1939. This book relates the experiences of Japanese wounded soldiers and disabled veterans of Japan's “long” Second World War (from 1937 to 1945). It maps the terrain of Japanese military medicine and social welfare practices and establishes the similarities and differences that existed between Japanese and Western physical, occupational, and spiritual rehabilitation programs for war-wounded servicemen, notably amputees. To exemplify the experience of these wounded soldiers, the book draws on the memoir of a Japanese soldier who describes in gripping detail his medical evacuation from a casualty clearing station on the front lines and his medical convalescence at a military hospital. Moving from the hospital to the home front, the book documents the prominent roles adopted by disabled veterans in mobilization campaigns designed to rally popular support for the war effort. Following Japan's defeat in August 1945, U.S. Occupation forces dismantled the social welfare services designed specifically for disabled military personnel, which brought profound consequences for veterans and their dependents. The book gives us a uniquely Japanese version of the all-too-familiar story of soldiers who return home to find their lives (and bodies) remade by combat.
Geoffrey Campbell Cocks
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695676
- eISBN:
- 9780191738616
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695676.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
The Nazis attempted to recast pain as sign and seal of heroism and sacrifice for the nation and race. But their regime and their war only reproduced the realities of the modern experience of pain ...
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The Nazis attempted to recast pain as sign and seal of heroism and sacrifice for the nation and race. But their regime and their war only reproduced the realities of the modern experience of pain distinguished from the modern material aim of pleasure. Modern Germans were consumers of pain medications and the German military medical services were organized to fight pain by chemical means. Nazi propaganda portrayed wounded German soldiers as heroic inspiration for civilian sacrifice, but the ever-growing numbers of badly disabled soldiers rehabilitated for employment on the home front had a depressing effect on the populace. The last months of the war saw the greatest number of military and civilian dead and injured and so impressed upon Germans a sense of their own victimization that lasted into the post-war era.Less
The Nazis attempted to recast pain as sign and seal of heroism and sacrifice for the nation and race. But their regime and their war only reproduced the realities of the modern experience of pain distinguished from the modern material aim of pleasure. Modern Germans were consumers of pain medications and the German military medical services were organized to fight pain by chemical means. Nazi propaganda portrayed wounded German soldiers as heroic inspiration for civilian sacrifice, but the ever-growing numbers of badly disabled soldiers rehabilitated for employment on the home front had a depressing effect on the populace. The last months of the war saw the greatest number of military and civilian dead and injured and so impressed upon Germans a sense of their own victimization that lasted into the post-war era.
Mark Harrison
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199575824
- eISBN:
- 9780191595158
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199575824.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter examines casualty disposal (the evacuation and treatment of casualties) from the beginning of the war through to mid-1916. Beginning with an analysis of planning for a continental ...
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This chapter examines casualty disposal (the evacuation and treatment of casualties) from the beginning of the war through to mid-1916. Beginning with an analysis of planning for a continental deployment, it moves on to show how these plans soon had to be abandoned once the war began. It shows how an enormous and complex medical machine was assembled in France and Belgium by examining arrangements for the sick and wounded from the front line to the base and to hospitals in Britain. The chapter also examines surgery and wound infection; relations between medical officers, nurses and patients; and medical care for the Indian army. Throughout, comparisons are made with medical procedures in the French and German armies.Less
This chapter examines casualty disposal (the evacuation and treatment of casualties) from the beginning of the war through to mid-1916. Beginning with an analysis of planning for a continental deployment, it moves on to show how these plans soon had to be abandoned once the war began. It shows how an enormous and complex medical machine was assembled in France and Belgium by examining arrangements for the sick and wounded from the front line to the base and to hospitals in Britain. The chapter also examines surgery and wound infection; relations between medical officers, nurses and patients; and medical care for the Indian army. Throughout, comparisons are made with medical procedures in the French and German armies.
Mark Harrison
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199575824
- eISBN:
- 9780191595158
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199575824.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter examines the role of the medical services in the major offensives that began in the summer of 1916 with the Battle of the Somme. It shows how arrangements for casualty disposal were ...
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This chapter examines the role of the medical services in the major offensives that began in the summer of 1916 with the Battle of the Somme. It shows how arrangements for casualty disposal were gradually altered in such a way as to maximize efficiency. It also argues that medical planning was sufficiently flexible to cope with the advent of mobile warfare in 1918. It argues that the success of medical arrangements was due to an unparalleled degree of coordination between different branches of the army and the consistent interest taken in the medical services by senior commanders. In addition to operational planning, the chapter considers the ways in which efficiency was improved through growing specialization of treatment. It does so first by examining various aspects of surgery, including the treatment of abdominal wounds, then medical problems, such as the treatment of gas casualties, and, finally, the management of shell-shock in front-line facilities.Less
This chapter examines the role of the medical services in the major offensives that began in the summer of 1916 with the Battle of the Somme. It shows how arrangements for casualty disposal were gradually altered in such a way as to maximize efficiency. It also argues that medical planning was sufficiently flexible to cope with the advent of mobile warfare in 1918. It argues that the success of medical arrangements was due to an unparalleled degree of coordination between different branches of the army and the consistent interest taken in the medical services by senior commanders. In addition to operational planning, the chapter considers the ways in which efficiency was improved through growing specialization of treatment. It does so first by examining various aspects of surgery, including the treatment of abdominal wounds, then medical problems, such as the treatment of gas casualties, and, finally, the management of shell-shock in front-line facilities.
Howard J. Curzer
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199693726
- eISBN:
- 9780191738890
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199693726.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Aristotle’s decision to list wit as a virtue does not reflect an outmoded, aristocratic view that morally good people have panache. What makes someone a witty person is not a good sense of humor, but ...
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Aristotle’s decision to list wit as a virtue does not reflect an outmoded, aristocratic view that morally good people have panache. What makes someone a witty person is not a good sense of humor, but rather it is an appropriate sensitivity to the danger of wounding others through humor. Witty people are not particularly good at specifying which jokes are funny; instead they are good at specify which jokes are hateful in which situations. They avoid telling and tolerating humorous, hurtful put-downs. The passion of wit is not joke-appreciation, but rather it is friendly feeling. Wit’s vices are not (a) boring and (b) clownish dispositions. Instead, they are dispositions (a) to being overly sensitive to the feeling of others with respect to humor, and (b) to being correspondingly insensitive.Less
Aristotle’s decision to list wit as a virtue does not reflect an outmoded, aristocratic view that morally good people have panache. What makes someone a witty person is not a good sense of humor, but rather it is an appropriate sensitivity to the danger of wounding others through humor. Witty people are not particularly good at specifying which jokes are funny; instead they are good at specify which jokes are hateful in which situations. They avoid telling and tolerating humorous, hurtful put-downs. The passion of wit is not joke-appreciation, but rather it is friendly feeling. Wit’s vices are not (a) boring and (b) clownish dispositions. Instead, they are dispositions (a) to being overly sensitive to the feeling of others with respect to humor, and (b) to being correspondingly insensitive.
Catriona Pennell
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199590582
- eISBN:
- 9780191738777
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199590582.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Military History
Even in 1914, the opening stages of war were characterized by unprecedented violence and huge losses. This chapter reconstructs and explains the terms in which contemporaries imagined and experienced ...
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Even in 1914, the opening stages of war were characterized by unprecedented violence and huge losses. This chapter reconstructs and explains the terms in which contemporaries imagined and experienced the violence of war. The first section establishes what people knew about the opening movements of war. The second addresses fear of invasion in Britain (particularly along the vulnerable east coast), reactions to atrocity stories, and the morale‐boosting myths that appeared at this time as a result of these fears. The final section examines the reactions to experiences of violence, in particular the bombardment of the north‐east coast of Britain on 16 December 1914, and civilian encounters with Belgian refugees and military casualties—the primary victims of violence.Less
Even in 1914, the opening stages of war were characterized by unprecedented violence and huge losses. This chapter reconstructs and explains the terms in which contemporaries imagined and experienced the violence of war. The first section establishes what people knew about the opening movements of war. The second addresses fear of invasion in Britain (particularly along the vulnerable east coast), reactions to atrocity stories, and the morale‐boosting myths that appeared at this time as a result of these fears. The final section examines the reactions to experiences of violence, in particular the bombardment of the north‐east coast of Britain on 16 December 1914, and civilian encounters with Belgian refugees and military casualties—the primary victims of violence.
Marina Berzins McCoy
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199672783
- eISBN:
- 9780191757327
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199672783.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
Vulnerability is not often associated with virtue. Yet to be vulnerable is central to human experience. In this book, McCoy examines ways in which Greek epic, tragedy, and philosophy have important ...
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Vulnerability is not often associated with virtue. Yet to be vulnerable is central to human experience. In this book, McCoy examines ways in which Greek epic, tragedy, and philosophy have important insights to offer about the nature of human vulnerability and how human beings might better come to terms with their own vulnerability. While studies of Greek heroism and virtue often focus on strength of character, prowess in war, or the achievement of honour for oneself or one’s society, McCoy examines another side to Greek thought that extols the recognition and proper acceptance of vulnerability. McCoy begins with the literary works of Homer’s Iliad, Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus and Philoctetes before expanding her analysis to philosophical works. There, she analyzes imagery of wounding in Plato’s Gorgias and Symposium as well as Aristotle’s work on the vulnerability inherent in friendship and an innovative interpretation of tragic catharsis in the Poetics. As much a work of philosophy as of classical textual analysis, McCoy’s work aims at a deeper understanding of the virtues of vulnerability for individuals and societies alike.Less
Vulnerability is not often associated with virtue. Yet to be vulnerable is central to human experience. In this book, McCoy examines ways in which Greek epic, tragedy, and philosophy have important insights to offer about the nature of human vulnerability and how human beings might better come to terms with their own vulnerability. While studies of Greek heroism and virtue often focus on strength of character, prowess in war, or the achievement of honour for oneself or one’s society, McCoy examines another side to Greek thought that extols the recognition and proper acceptance of vulnerability. McCoy begins with the literary works of Homer’s Iliad, Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus and Philoctetes before expanding her analysis to philosophical works. There, she analyzes imagery of wounding in Plato’s Gorgias and Symposium as well as Aristotle’s work on the vulnerability inherent in friendship and an innovative interpretation of tragic catharsis in the Poetics. As much a work of philosophy as of classical textual analysis, McCoy’s work aims at a deeper understanding of the virtues of vulnerability for individuals and societies alike.
Cecil A. Rice
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199736393
- eISBN:
- 9780199894574
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736393.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Clinical Psychology
The wounded healer archetype reaches back to antiquity. The chapter traces that history and reflects on its current forms in the practice of psychotherapy. While woundedness is universal no matter ...
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The wounded healer archetype reaches back to antiquity. The chapter traces that history and reflects on its current forms in the practice of psychotherapy. While woundedness is universal no matter what ones work, the chapter argues that therapists seem to be people who acknowledge and understand their woundedness, may even have been very sensitive to it early in life, and have been willing to wrestle with it and continue to do so. It is that awareness, the willingness to accept it and wrestle with it that contributes significantly to the effectiveness of their work and redounds to their clients’ benefit. Such willingness operating in the background allows therapists in conjunction with their clients to co-create an intersubjective field within which healing can take place.Less
The wounded healer archetype reaches back to antiquity. The chapter traces that history and reflects on its current forms in the practice of psychotherapy. While woundedness is universal no matter what ones work, the chapter argues that therapists seem to be people who acknowledge and understand their woundedness, may even have been very sensitive to it early in life, and have been willing to wrestle with it and continue to do so. It is that awareness, the willingness to accept it and wrestle with it that contributes significantly to the effectiveness of their work and redounds to their clients’ benefit. Such willingness operating in the background allows therapists in conjunction with their clients to co-create an intersubjective field within which healing can take place.
Elizabeth Prettejohn
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199588541
- eISBN:
- 9780191741845
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588541.003.0015
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter explores how the relationship between Romans and Romantics is enacted in Carel Vosmaer's novel The Amazon (1880, English translation 1884). This book is a roman-à-clef, the plot of which ...
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This chapter explores how the relationship between Romans and Romantics is enacted in Carel Vosmaer's novel The Amazon (1880, English translation 1884). This book is a roman-à-clef, the plot of which revolves around visits to Roman sculpture collections and the activities of contemporary painters and sculptors in Rome. The character Siwart Aisma re-enacts the career of Vosmaer's friend and Dutch compatriot, the painter Lawrence Alma-Tadema. Aisma's experiences of the Roman sculpture collections advance not only his own artistic development, but also the romantic plot: Aisma's beloved, the poet Marciana van Buren, is compared throughout the novel to the ancient sculptures of the Wounded Amazon. The chapter demonstrates how The Amazon weaves debates about realist and romantic aesthetics and about classical archaeology, including the new German techniques for identifying and comparing sculptural copies (Kopienkritik), into its love story. It concludes that, in this novel, Rome becomes the symbolic capital of an Empire no longer political, but aesthetic, which gathers all varieties of the beautiful under its sway.Less
This chapter explores how the relationship between Romans and Romantics is enacted in Carel Vosmaer's novel The Amazon (1880, English translation 1884). This book is a roman-à-clef, the plot of which revolves around visits to Roman sculpture collections and the activities of contemporary painters and sculptors in Rome. The character Siwart Aisma re-enacts the career of Vosmaer's friend and Dutch compatriot, the painter Lawrence Alma-Tadema. Aisma's experiences of the Roman sculpture collections advance not only his own artistic development, but also the romantic plot: Aisma's beloved, the poet Marciana van Buren, is compared throughout the novel to the ancient sculptures of the Wounded Amazon. The chapter demonstrates how The Amazon weaves debates about realist and romantic aesthetics and about classical archaeology, including the new German techniques for identifying and comparing sculptural copies (Kopienkritik), into its love story. It concludes that, in this novel, Rome becomes the symbolic capital of an Empire no longer political, but aesthetic, which gathers all varieties of the beautiful under its sway.
Mark Rawlinson
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198184560
- eISBN:
- 9780191674303
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198184560.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter addresses questions about war and representation, and assesses the assumptions that underpin extant literary critical appraisal of writing about war. It challenges the coherence of the ...
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This chapter addresses questions about war and representation, and assesses the assumptions that underpin extant literary critical appraisal of writing about war. It challenges the coherence of the opposition of war literature to discourses identified with the prosecution of war, and it proposes a reading of wartime culture whose fundamental premise is that the material events of military conflict, notably lethal wounding, require symbolization and discursive mediation if war is to function as an instrument of political policy. Following Elaine Scarry, manifold verbal representations of violence are interpreted as redescriptions: the destruction of human flesh and consciousness is rationalized and occluded by a logic that substitutes ends for means. This model makes possible a less stratified understanding of the function of representations of violence in a society at war, and permits an analysis which is responsive to the contradictory values invested in state-legitimated killing.Less
This chapter addresses questions about war and representation, and assesses the assumptions that underpin extant literary critical appraisal of writing about war. It challenges the coherence of the opposition of war literature to discourses identified with the prosecution of war, and it proposes a reading of wartime culture whose fundamental premise is that the material events of military conflict, notably lethal wounding, require symbolization and discursive mediation if war is to function as an instrument of political policy. Following Elaine Scarry, manifold verbal representations of violence are interpreted as redescriptions: the destruction of human flesh and consciousness is rationalized and occluded by a logic that substitutes ends for means. This model makes possible a less stratified understanding of the function of representations of violence in a society at war, and permits an analysis which is responsive to the contradictory values invested in state-legitimated killing.
