Charles Clarke
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265536
- eISBN:
- 9780191760327
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265536.003.0016
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
Faced with complex and wicked problems, even well-established governments seek delay and denial when contemplating ‘Too Difficult Boxes’. Failing to grasp the nettle of change brings society nearer ...
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Faced with complex and wicked problems, even well-established governments seek delay and denial when contemplating ‘Too Difficult Boxes’. Failing to grasp the nettle of change brings society nearer to tipping points. But inaction breeds crises which create their own dysfunctional solutions. To get past the many ‘Too Difficult Boxes’, solutions have to be identified, challenges to implementation have to be understood, lobbies need to be placated, legal constraints have to be overcome, and international dimensions taken into account. Democracy needs to be nurtured. Even if unpopular, tough decisions have to be made.Less
Faced with complex and wicked problems, even well-established governments seek delay and denial when contemplating ‘Too Difficult Boxes’. Failing to grasp the nettle of change brings society nearer to tipping points. But inaction breeds crises which create their own dysfunctional solutions. To get past the many ‘Too Difficult Boxes’, solutions have to be identified, challenges to implementation have to be understood, lobbies need to be placated, legal constraints have to be overcome, and international dimensions taken into account. Democracy needs to be nurtured. Even if unpopular, tough decisions have to be made.
Christopher K. Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199772438
- eISBN:
- 9780199918997
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199772438.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter develops a model of strategic problem-solving in public agencies, generalizing from work on policing, regulation, and organizational problem-solving. Pragmatism adopts an ecological ...
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This chapter develops a model of strategic problem-solving in public agencies, generalizing from work on policing, regulation, and organizational problem-solving. Pragmatism adopts an ecological approach to public problems, understanding them as complex, interdependent, and only partially decomposable into simpler and more tractable problems. In response, agency problem-solving must begin in a focused way by identifying areas of tractability, but must build towards more holistic solutions. Pragmatism also supports more proactive problem-solving, in which agencies adopt a preventive stance towards public problems. Strategic problem-solving requires agencies to develop specific competencies for problem analysis and for collaboration with other stakeholders.Less
This chapter develops a model of strategic problem-solving in public agencies, generalizing from work on policing, regulation, and organizational problem-solving. Pragmatism adopts an ecological approach to public problems, understanding them as complex, interdependent, and only partially decomposable into simpler and more tractable problems. In response, agency problem-solving must begin in a focused way by identifying areas of tractability, but must build towards more holistic solutions. Pragmatism also supports more proactive problem-solving, in which agencies adopt a preventive stance towards public problems. Strategic problem-solving requires agencies to develop specific competencies for problem analysis and for collaboration with other stakeholders.
Tania Oldenhage
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195150520
- eISBN:
- 9780199834549
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019515052X.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
Discusses the implications of understanding Joachim Jeremias's anti‐Jewish rhetoric as a post‐Holocaust phenomenon. With a special focus on interpretations of the parable of the wicked husbandmen, ...
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Discusses the implications of understanding Joachim Jeremias's anti‐Jewish rhetoric as a post‐Holocaust phenomenon. With a special focus on interpretations of the parable of the wicked husbandmen, Oldenhage discusses recent revisions of Jeremias's work on the parables of Jesus that reject anti‐Jewish interpretive patterns while still operating within the framework of historical criticism. By reducing the challenge of the Holocaust for biblical scholarship to the problem of anti‐Judaism, Oldenhage argues, historical critics fail to deal with important questions of Holocaust remembrance that Jeremias's scholarship poses.Less
Discusses the implications of understanding Joachim Jeremias's anti‐Jewish rhetoric as a post‐Holocaust phenomenon. With a special focus on interpretations of the parable of the wicked husbandmen, Oldenhage discusses recent revisions of Jeremias's work on the parables of Jesus that reject anti‐Jewish interpretive patterns while still operating within the framework of historical criticism. By reducing the challenge of the Holocaust for biblical scholarship to the problem of anti‐Judaism, Oldenhage argues, historical critics fail to deal with important questions of Holocaust remembrance that Jeremias's scholarship poses.
Roslyn Jolly
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198119852
- eISBN:
- 9780191671227
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198119852.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
In all of Henry James's three works, the main characters perpetrate irresponsible and dangerous acts of readership and authorship, in which James's own enterprise is deeply implicated. In each, the ...
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In all of Henry James's three works, the main characters perpetrate irresponsible and dangerous acts of readership and authorship, in which James's own enterprise is deeply implicated. In each, the rule of consumption, of the costs of art, set up in the tales of artists and writers, is reversed, as it is the author and his or her fiction, rather than the public, which is predatory. Thus, all three works take a different view of the historical situation of the collapse of relations between authors and readers in late Victorian society from the seemingly definitive version presented in the earlier tales. Instead of defending art and lamenting the evils of the public, these works dramatize versions of the ‘old superstition about fiction being ‘wicked’’.Less
In all of Henry James's three works, the main characters perpetrate irresponsible and dangerous acts of readership and authorship, in which James's own enterprise is deeply implicated. In each, the rule of consumption, of the costs of art, set up in the tales of artists and writers, is reversed, as it is the author and his or her fiction, rather than the public, which is predatory. Thus, all three works take a different view of the historical situation of the collapse of relations between authors and readers in late Victorian society from the seemingly definitive version presented in the earlier tales. Instead of defending art and lamenting the evils of the public, these works dramatize versions of the ‘old superstition about fiction being ‘wicked’’.
Jacob Stromberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199593910
- eISBN:
- 9780191595707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199593910.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This chapter examines Isaiah 40–55 for redaction by the author of Third Isaiah, detecting the following: There are several examples of editing in Isaiah 48, which from the point of view of the author ...
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This chapter examines Isaiah 40–55 for redaction by the author of Third Isaiah, detecting the following: There are several examples of editing in Isaiah 48, which from the point of view of the author of Third Isaiah are to reaffirm the salvation proclaimed in 40–55, while restricting it to the righteous alone; Isaiah 54 is also shaped editorially to restrict the promises made to Zion, limiting them to the ‘servants of the Lord,’ a designation given the righteous in 56:1–8 and 65–66. While the redactional intervention in chapters 40–55 is lighter than in chapters 1–39, each of these examples also exhibits a striking alignment between the hermeneutics of the redaction and the hermeneutics in Third Isaiah as it alludes to older Isaianic prophecy.Less
This chapter examines Isaiah 40–55 for redaction by the author of Third Isaiah, detecting the following: There are several examples of editing in Isaiah 48, which from the point of view of the author of Third Isaiah are to reaffirm the salvation proclaimed in 40–55, while restricting it to the righteous alone; Isaiah 54 is also shaped editorially to restrict the promises made to Zion, limiting them to the ‘servants of the Lord,’ a designation given the righteous in 56:1–8 and 65–66. While the redactional intervention in chapters 40–55 is lighter than in chapters 1–39, each of these examples also exhibits a striking alignment between the hermeneutics of the redaction and the hermeneutics in Third Isaiah as it alludes to older Isaianic prophecy.
Ewan Ferlie, Louise FitzGerald, Gerry McGivern, Sue Dopson, and Chris Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199603015
- eISBN:
- 9780191752995
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199603015.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
This introductory chapter sets out the rationale of the book and outlines its major themes. It seeks to generate an overall interpretation of health policy reforming under New Labour based on ...
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This introductory chapter sets out the rationale of the book and outlines its major themes. It seeks to generate an overall interpretation of health policy reforming under New Labour based on empirically grounded and comparative case studies of managed networks drawn from four health policy arenas. It highlights our distinctive contribution to the debate, bringing in organizing concepts of wicked problems and governmentality. It suggests that if managed networks are to make substantial progress then they need to be supported in three key domains (cross-organizational ICTs, cross-organizational learning, and lateral leadership). It finally provides signposts to each of the chapters in turn.Less
This introductory chapter sets out the rationale of the book and outlines its major themes. It seeks to generate an overall interpretation of health policy reforming under New Labour based on empirically grounded and comparative case studies of managed networks drawn from four health policy arenas. It highlights our distinctive contribution to the debate, bringing in organizing concepts of wicked problems and governmentality. It suggests that if managed networks are to make substantial progress then they need to be supported in three key domains (cross-organizational ICTs, cross-organizational learning, and lateral leadership). It finally provides signposts to each of the chapters in turn.
Jonathan Wistow, Tim Blackman, David Byrne, and Gerald Wistow
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447305286
- eISBN:
- 9781447312031
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447305286.003.0002
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
The chapter begins by considering what we mean by ‘health’ and by ‘inequalities’. When taken together health inequalities are often considered to be wicked problems – issues that are complex in terms ...
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The chapter begins by considering what we mean by ‘health’ and by ‘inequalities’. When taken together health inequalities are often considered to be wicked problems – issues that are complex in terms of causal pathways, difficult to define and with no immediate solutions. They can pose challenges to traditional approaches to policy making and programme implementation. Furthermore, methodological approaches need to fit with the nature of the ‘problem’ i.e., responding to causal relationships in complex settings. Complexity theory provides one such approach. The chapter applies complexity theory to health inequalities by unpacking these concepts across the following dimensions: scales and boundaries; non-linear dynamics; self-organisation; and co-evolution. In so doing it is argued that we must avoid the temptation to control, isolate and reduce components of dynamic social systems to discrete elements and consider the interactions between histories, contexts and agency so as to be able to fully understand and respond to health inequalities.Less
The chapter begins by considering what we mean by ‘health’ and by ‘inequalities’. When taken together health inequalities are often considered to be wicked problems – issues that are complex in terms of causal pathways, difficult to define and with no immediate solutions. They can pose challenges to traditional approaches to policy making and programme implementation. Furthermore, methodological approaches need to fit with the nature of the ‘problem’ i.e., responding to causal relationships in complex settings. Complexity theory provides one such approach. The chapter applies complexity theory to health inequalities by unpacking these concepts across the following dimensions: scales and boundaries; non-linear dynamics; self-organisation; and co-evolution. In so doing it is argued that we must avoid the temptation to control, isolate and reduce components of dynamic social systems to discrete elements and consider the interactions between histories, contexts and agency so as to be able to fully understand and respond to health inequalities.
Stacy Wolf
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195378238
- eISBN:
- 9780199897018
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195378238.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, American
This book demonstrates how the history of the Broadway musical is inseparable from the history of U.S. women, and argues that this mainstream, commercial form has been dominated by women onstage as ...
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This book demonstrates how the history of the Broadway musical is inseparable from the history of U.S. women, and argues that this mainstream, commercial form has been dominated by women onstage as performers and offstage as spectators and fans. Beginning in the 1950s and organized by decade, the book examines women in musicals and in the context of U.S. culture, considering both the representation of women—that is, images of women—and the labor of the female performer—that is, her centrality to the musical as performance. In addition to surveying key ideas around gender and sexuality in each decade of U.S. history, every chapter focuses on a specific convention: the female duet in the 1950s; the single woman as a moving body in the 1960s; the ensemble number in the 1970s; sceneography in the 1980s; the opening number and 11 o’clock number in the 1990s. The final chapters on the blockbuster Broadway musical Wicked returns to the 1950s model and analyzes how the musical Wicked reinvigorates the Rodgers and Hammerstein formula in a feminist and queer musical. This book argues that gender, as a key element of the musical, played a crucial role in the Broadway musical’s formal and structural changes from the 1950s on.Less
This book demonstrates how the history of the Broadway musical is inseparable from the history of U.S. women, and argues that this mainstream, commercial form has been dominated by women onstage as performers and offstage as spectators and fans. Beginning in the 1950s and organized by decade, the book examines women in musicals and in the context of U.S. culture, considering both the representation of women—that is, images of women—and the labor of the female performer—that is, her centrality to the musical as performance. In addition to surveying key ideas around gender and sexuality in each decade of U.S. history, every chapter focuses on a specific convention: the female duet in the 1950s; the single woman as a moving body in the 1960s; the ensemble number in the 1970s; sceneography in the 1980s; the opening number and 11 o’clock number in the 1990s. The final chapters on the blockbuster Broadway musical Wicked returns to the 1950s model and analyzes how the musical Wicked reinvigorates the Rodgers and Hammerstein formula in a feminist and queer musical. This book argues that gender, as a key element of the musical, played a crucial role in the Broadway musical’s formal and structural changes from the 1950s on.
Stacy Wolf
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195378238
- eISBN:
- 9780199897018
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195378238.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, American
This chapter demonstrates how Wicked, the blockbuster Broadway musical that opened in 2003, is an exemplar of musical theatre’s generic conventions put to feminist and queer use. This chapter ...
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This chapter demonstrates how Wicked, the blockbuster Broadway musical that opened in 2003, is an exemplar of musical theatre’s generic conventions put to feminist and queer use. This chapter explores how Wicked combines girl power, Rodgers & Hammerstein’s organizing principles, and megamusicals’ marketing strategy. Wicked ties together other themes explored in the book, such as race and Jewishness, the individual and the ensemble, female duets, and the dispensable male lead, and ends with the formation of a queer female couple. The chapter reads closely Wicked’s structure in relation to that of a traditional formally integrated book musical.Less
This chapter demonstrates how Wicked, the blockbuster Broadway musical that opened in 2003, is an exemplar of musical theatre’s generic conventions put to feminist and queer use. This chapter explores how Wicked combines girl power, Rodgers & Hammerstein’s organizing principles, and megamusicals’ marketing strategy. Wicked ties together other themes explored in the book, such as race and Jewishness, the individual and the ensemble, female duets, and the dispensable male lead, and ends with the formation of a queer female couple. The chapter reads closely Wicked’s structure in relation to that of a traditional formally integrated book musical.
Stacy Wolf
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195378238
- eISBN:
- 9780199897018
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195378238.003.0007
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, American
This chapter uses an ethnographically-based method and introduces the voices of girl fans to the mix as a reminder that audiences of musicals matter above all. This chapter analyzes the girls’ ...
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This chapter uses an ethnographically-based method and introduces the voices of girl fans to the mix as a reminder that audiences of musicals matter above all. This chapter analyzes the girls’ participation on internet fansites in the first years of Wicked’s run on Broadway (2003–2005), including their interpretations and uses of the musical and their language and rhetoric. It focuses on the theme of divas. This chapter reveals the energy and acuity of girl fans of musicals, and how they carry the torch of the form’s continuation and its on-going reinvention as a vehicle for female empowerment.Less
This chapter uses an ethnographically-based method and introduces the voices of girl fans to the mix as a reminder that audiences of musicals matter above all. This chapter analyzes the girls’ participation on internet fansites in the first years of Wicked’s run on Broadway (2003–2005), including their interpretations and uses of the musical and their language and rhetoric. It focuses on the theme of divas. This chapter reveals the energy and acuity of girl fans of musicals, and how they carry the torch of the form’s continuation and its on-going reinvention as a vehicle for female empowerment.
David Owens
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199691500
- eISBN:
- 9780191744938
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691500.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
We must distinguish two questions: (a) Does a promise bind? (b) Are we justified in breaking it? Promises made under duress or induced by deception do not bind. We should distinguish two accounts of ...
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We must distinguish two questions: (a) Does a promise bind? (b) Are we justified in breaking it? Promises made under duress or induced by deception do not bind. We should distinguish two accounts of how this works: the Fault Account and the Infringement Account. The Authority Interest theory supports the Infringement Account and this provides the better explanation. It is also commonly thought that wicked promises do not bind. The Authority Interest theory suggests otherwise and on this point it is again correct, though we may be justified in breaking a wicked promise.Less
We must distinguish two questions: (a) Does a promise bind? (b) Are we justified in breaking it? Promises made under duress or induced by deception do not bind. We should distinguish two accounts of how this works: the Fault Account and the Infringement Account. The Authority Interest theory supports the Infringement Account and this provides the better explanation. It is also commonly thought that wicked promises do not bind. The Authority Interest theory suggests otherwise and on this point it is again correct, though we may be justified in breaking a wicked promise.
Kate Crowley, Jenny Stewart, Adrian Kay, and Brian W. Head
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447333111
- eISBN:
- 9781447333159
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447333111.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
Explaining how policies may be changed over time is a fundamental theme common to the study of public policy and governance. Scholars have developed several competing perspectives on how and why ...
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Explaining how policies may be changed over time is a fundamental theme common to the study of public policy and governance. Scholars have developed several competing perspectives on how and why policy change occurs; while policy practitioners are largely focused on the successful negotiation and implementation of policy improvement and occasional major policy reforms. This chapter focuses on frameworks for explaining how policy agendas shift, how policy change occurs, and how some proposals for change are constrained. In the real world of complexity, wicked problems and mediatised debate, the authority and capacity of the state are subjected to many countervailing pressures. The explanation of policy change must take account not only of how Ministers are involved in setting priorities and mobilising political support, but also how public agencies manage the policy process – including their contributions to policy framing, policy design, engagement, evaluation, and managing conflicting views within civil society. In the governance era, policy change has become a complex and nuanced enterprise. This chapter reconsiders the utility of classic accounts of policy dynamics concerning evidence-based policy, ideology, and populist partisanship in addressing complex policy challenges.Less
Explaining how policies may be changed over time is a fundamental theme common to the study of public policy and governance. Scholars have developed several competing perspectives on how and why policy change occurs; while policy practitioners are largely focused on the successful negotiation and implementation of policy improvement and occasional major policy reforms. This chapter focuses on frameworks for explaining how policy agendas shift, how policy change occurs, and how some proposals for change are constrained. In the real world of complexity, wicked problems and mediatised debate, the authority and capacity of the state are subjected to many countervailing pressures. The explanation of policy change must take account not only of how Ministers are involved in setting priorities and mobilising political support, but also how public agencies manage the policy process – including their contributions to policy framing, policy design, engagement, evaluation, and managing conflicting views within civil society. In the governance era, policy change has become a complex and nuanced enterprise. This chapter reconsiders the utility of classic accounts of policy dynamics concerning evidence-based policy, ideology, and populist partisanship in addressing complex policy challenges.
David Hunter
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199658039
- eISBN:
- 9780191765780
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199658039.003.0007
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter describes a collaborative research initiative bringing together academics and practitioners interested in how those engaged in policy and practice use, misuse or fail to use, knowledge ...
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This chapter describes a collaborative research initiative bringing together academics and practitioners interested in how those engaged in policy and practice use, misuse or fail to use, knowledge on health promotion to modify and improve their work. It starts from the premise that health promotion is a ‘wicked issue’ and draws on theories of knowledge exchange and translation in an effort better to tackle complex problems. The chapter employs two contrasting examples: a series of knowledge translation workshops at Fuse, the Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, and the author’s experience as a consultant to WHO Regional Office for Europe during the preparation of its 2012 European Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services. Both case studies highlight the importance of context, culture and politics in knowledge translation. The chapter also offers insights into how academic researchers should endorse their role in complex processes of knowledge translation.Less
This chapter describes a collaborative research initiative bringing together academics and practitioners interested in how those engaged in policy and practice use, misuse or fail to use, knowledge on health promotion to modify and improve their work. It starts from the premise that health promotion is a ‘wicked issue’ and draws on theories of knowledge exchange and translation in an effort better to tackle complex problems. The chapter employs two contrasting examples: a series of knowledge translation workshops at Fuse, the Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, and the author’s experience as a consultant to WHO Regional Office for Europe during the preparation of its 2012 European Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health Capacities and Services. Both case studies highlight the importance of context, culture and politics in knowledge translation. The chapter also offers insights into how academic researchers should endorse their role in complex processes of knowledge translation.
Timothy H. Lim
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- April 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198714118
- eISBN:
- 9780191833793
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198714118.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This is the first major commentary in English on Pesher Habakkuk for forty years. It elucidates the nature of 1QpHab as the earliest commentary on the prophecy of Habakkuk by a detailed study of the ...
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This is the first major commentary in English on Pesher Habakkuk for forty years. It elucidates the nature of 1QpHab as the earliest commentary on the prophecy of Habakkuk by a detailed study of the biblical quotation and sectarian interpretation. This commentary provides a new edition of the scroll, including new readings, and detailed palaeographical, philological, exegetical, and historical notes and discussion. It shows that the pesherist imitates the allusive style of the oracles of Habakkuk and also draws on lexemes, phrases, and themes from other biblical texts and Jewish sources. It shows that the pesherist identified the Kittim with the Romans who conquered Judaea in 63 BCE, and suggests that the scroll refers to several righteous and wicked figures, including the last Hasmonean high priests, Aristobulus II, John Hyrcanus II, and Mattathias Antigonus. The righteous figures include those who remain faithful to the Teacher of Righteousness. It is shown that the Teacher of Righteousness was not a deposed Hasmonean high priest, but a sectarian teacher of biblical interpretation, whose hermeneutical function is vested in his divinely appointed role as the expositor par excellence of the community that saw its fulfilment in the prophecy of Habakkuk. The sectarians believe that faithfulness in the teachings of the Teacher of Righteousness will save them in the day of judgment.Less
This is the first major commentary in English on Pesher Habakkuk for forty years. It elucidates the nature of 1QpHab as the earliest commentary on the prophecy of Habakkuk by a detailed study of the biblical quotation and sectarian interpretation. This commentary provides a new edition of the scroll, including new readings, and detailed palaeographical, philological, exegetical, and historical notes and discussion. It shows that the pesherist imitates the allusive style of the oracles of Habakkuk and also draws on lexemes, phrases, and themes from other biblical texts and Jewish sources. It shows that the pesherist identified the Kittim with the Romans who conquered Judaea in 63 BCE, and suggests that the scroll refers to several righteous and wicked figures, including the last Hasmonean high priests, Aristobulus II, John Hyrcanus II, and Mattathias Antigonus. The righteous figures include those who remain faithful to the Teacher of Righteousness. It is shown that the Teacher of Righteousness was not a deposed Hasmonean high priest, but a sectarian teacher of biblical interpretation, whose hermeneutical function is vested in his divinely appointed role as the expositor par excellence of the community that saw its fulfilment in the prophecy of Habakkuk. The sectarians believe that faithfulness in the teachings of the Teacher of Righteousness will save them in the day of judgment.
Simon Hobbs
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474427371
- eISBN:
- 9781474453554
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427371.003.0005
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter examines Salò, Or the 120 Days of Sodom and Ilsa, the Wicked Warden. Although both films use Fascist imagery to comment on the corrupting nature of power, they continue to enjoy very ...
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This chapter examines Salò, Or the 120 Days of Sodom and Ilsa, the Wicked Warden. Although both films use Fascist imagery to comment on the corrupting nature of power, they continue to enjoy very different cultural reputations. In order to explore this, the chapter firstly examines the BFI’s special edition Blu-ray release of Pasolini’s film, discussing the way the product employs exploitation tactics over the more established art film marketing directives expected from a highbrow company. Exploiting the film’s more transgressive attributes, the analysis shows how in-text extremity can be externally commercialised. Thereafter, the chapter investigates Ilsa, the Wicked Warden’s appearance within Anchor Bay’s ‘Jess Franco Collection’. Considering whether the auteur branding successfully redeems the lowbrow reputation of both film and filmmaker, the chapter highlights the ways lowbrow distributors use highbrow approaches to legitimise their texts. Ultimately, the chapter suggest that although the BFI trade off notions of disgust, the product presents Pasolini’s film as an artistically challenging experience rather than mere exploitation. In contrast, the chapter asserts that Anchor Bay’s attempt to legitimise Franco’s film is undone be the consistent centralisation of sexually explicit content.Less
This chapter examines Salò, Or the 120 Days of Sodom and Ilsa, the Wicked Warden. Although both films use Fascist imagery to comment on the corrupting nature of power, they continue to enjoy very different cultural reputations. In order to explore this, the chapter firstly examines the BFI’s special edition Blu-ray release of Pasolini’s film, discussing the way the product employs exploitation tactics over the more established art film marketing directives expected from a highbrow company. Exploiting the film’s more transgressive attributes, the analysis shows how in-text extremity can be externally commercialised. Thereafter, the chapter investigates Ilsa, the Wicked Warden’s appearance within Anchor Bay’s ‘Jess Franco Collection’. Considering whether the auteur branding successfully redeems the lowbrow reputation of both film and filmmaker, the chapter highlights the ways lowbrow distributors use highbrow approaches to legitimise their texts. Ultimately, the chapter suggest that although the BFI trade off notions of disgust, the product presents Pasolini’s film as an artistically challenging experience rather than mere exploitation. In contrast, the chapter asserts that Anchor Bay’s attempt to legitimise Franco’s film is undone be the consistent centralisation of sexually explicit content.
Michael Ainger
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195147698
- eISBN:
- 9780199849437
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195147698.003.0033
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
The exact circumstances of Arthur Sullivan's dying moments are uncertain. Out of respect to Sullivan, the Savoy Theatre was closed on the evening of his death. Both Richard D'Oyly Carte and Helen ...
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The exact circumstances of Arthur Sullivan's dying moments are uncertain. Out of respect to Sullivan, the Savoy Theatre was closed on the evening of his death. Both Richard D'Oyly Carte and Helen Carte were deeply saddened at the news, and sympathized with Fanny Ronalds. Later on, nothing had come of William Gilbert's suggestion of a new libretto based on The Wicked World and its all-female chorus. Carte had not been impressed with the idea, and possibly he was not happy to put on a new piece by Gilbert without Sullivan. A piece by Sullivan was another matter, and he commissioned him to write an opera with the book supplied by Comyns Carr and Arthur Pinero. Blocked in one direction, Gilbert moved to his next work, The Fortune Hunter, a play originally commissioned by Edward Willard; but as the work progressed, Willard had misgivings.Less
The exact circumstances of Arthur Sullivan's dying moments are uncertain. Out of respect to Sullivan, the Savoy Theatre was closed on the evening of his death. Both Richard D'Oyly Carte and Helen Carte were deeply saddened at the news, and sympathized with Fanny Ronalds. Later on, nothing had come of William Gilbert's suggestion of a new libretto based on The Wicked World and its all-female chorus. Carte had not been impressed with the idea, and possibly he was not happy to put on a new piece by Gilbert without Sullivan. A piece by Sullivan was another matter, and he commissioned him to write an opera with the book supplied by Comyns Carr and Arthur Pinero. Blocked in one direction, Gilbert moved to his next work, The Fortune Hunter, a play originally commissioned by Edward Willard; but as the work progressed, Willard had misgivings.
Michael Ainger
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195147698
- eISBN:
- 9780199849437
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195147698.003.0008
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
This chapter deals with the works of William Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan on The Wicked World and The Light of the World. The structure of The Wicked World is similar to that of Thespis: instead of a ...
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This chapter deals with the works of William Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan on The Wicked World and The Light of the World. The structure of The Wicked World is similar to that of Thespis: instead of a theatrical group arriving on Olympus and changing places with the gods, three mortal men are exchanged with their fairy counterparts. The resulting confusion is only undone when the men return to earth and the fairies return to their former state of happiness, without mortal love, but wiser than before. What raised eyebrows over The Wicked World was Gilbert's treatment of love—“mortal love,” as he called it—the cause of most of the problems in the world. When it was allowed to enter fairyland it caused jealousy and enmity among the blameless fairies. Gilbert's view of the world was regarded by many as cynical. In contrast to Gilbert, Sullivan enjoyed a public persona that was above controversy.Less
This chapter deals with the works of William Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan on The Wicked World and The Light of the World. The structure of The Wicked World is similar to that of Thespis: instead of a theatrical group arriving on Olympus and changing places with the gods, three mortal men are exchanged with their fairy counterparts. The resulting confusion is only undone when the men return to earth and the fairies return to their former state of happiness, without mortal love, but wiser than before. What raised eyebrows over The Wicked World was Gilbert's treatment of love—“mortal love,” as he called it—the cause of most of the problems in the world. When it was allowed to enter fairyland it caused jealousy and enmity among the blameless fairies. Gilbert's view of the world was regarded by many as cynical. In contrast to Gilbert, Sullivan enjoyed a public persona that was above controversy.
Nicole Camastra
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813033556
- eISBN:
- 9780813038353
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813033556.003.0017
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter demonstrates how Hemingway drew from South Florida history in constructing specific allusions to the state's homesteading history in his little-known story “The Strange Country.” “The ...
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This chapter demonstrates how Hemingway drew from South Florida history in constructing specific allusions to the state's homesteading history in his little-known story “The Strange Country.” “The Strange Country” is an amalgam of three landscapes in particular—the nice country, the strange country, and the wicked country—each designated and named by Roger as he navigates them with his new lover, Helena. His journey demonstrates the layering of idealistic possibility in these three terrains: first, through his depiction of place and past; and second, through his inability to drive away from the reality and personal resonance that these environments imply.Less
This chapter demonstrates how Hemingway drew from South Florida history in constructing specific allusions to the state's homesteading history in his little-known story “The Strange Country.” “The Strange Country” is an amalgam of three landscapes in particular—the nice country, the strange country, and the wicked country—each designated and named by Roger as he navigates them with his new lover, Helena. His journey demonstrates the layering of idealistic possibility in these three terrains: first, through his depiction of place and past; and second, through his inability to drive away from the reality and personal resonance that these environments imply.
Paul Cairney and Emily St Denny
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- February 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198793298
- eISBN:
- 9780191835179
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198793298.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
If ‘prevention is better than cure’, why isn’t policy more preventive? Policymakers only have the ability to pay attention to, and influence, a tiny proportion of their responsibilities, and they ...
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If ‘prevention is better than cure’, why isn’t policy more preventive? Policymakers only have the ability to pay attention to, and influence, a tiny proportion of their responsibilities, and they engage in a policymaking environment of which they have limited understanding and even less control. This simple insight helps explain the gap between stated policymaker expectations and actual policy outcomes. We use these insights to produce new empirical studies of ‘wicked’ problems with practical lessons. We find that both the UK and Scottish governments use a simple idiom—prevention is better than cure—to sell a package of profound changes to policy and policymaking. Taken at face value, this focus on ‘prevention’ policy seems like an idea ‘whose time has come’. Yet, ‘prevention’ is too ambiguous until governments give it meaning. No government has found a way to turn this vague aim into a set of detailed, consistent, and defendable policies. We examine what happens when governments make commitments without knowing how to deliver them. We compare their policymaking contexts, roles, and responsibilities, policy styles, language, commitments, and outcomes in several cross-cutting policy areas (including health, families, justice, and employability) to make sense of their respective experiences. We use multiple insights from policy theory to help research and analyse the results. The results help policymakers reflect on how to avoid a cycle of optimism and despair when trying to solve problems that their predecessors did not.Less
If ‘prevention is better than cure’, why isn’t policy more preventive? Policymakers only have the ability to pay attention to, and influence, a tiny proportion of their responsibilities, and they engage in a policymaking environment of which they have limited understanding and even less control. This simple insight helps explain the gap between stated policymaker expectations and actual policy outcomes. We use these insights to produce new empirical studies of ‘wicked’ problems with practical lessons. We find that both the UK and Scottish governments use a simple idiom—prevention is better than cure—to sell a package of profound changes to policy and policymaking. Taken at face value, this focus on ‘prevention’ policy seems like an idea ‘whose time has come’. Yet, ‘prevention’ is too ambiguous until governments give it meaning. No government has found a way to turn this vague aim into a set of detailed, consistent, and defendable policies. We examine what happens when governments make commitments without knowing how to deliver them. We compare their policymaking contexts, roles, and responsibilities, policy styles, language, commitments, and outcomes in several cross-cutting policy areas (including health, families, justice, and employability) to make sense of their respective experiences. We use multiple insights from policy theory to help research and analyse the results. The results help policymakers reflect on how to avoid a cycle of optimism and despair when trying to solve problems that their predecessors did not.
Ewan Ferlie, Louise Fitzgerald, Gerry McGivern, Sue Dopson, and Chris Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199603015
- eISBN:
- 9780191752995
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199603015.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
This book characterizes the nature of key reforms—namely managed networks—introduced in the UK National Health Service during the New Labour period (1997–2010). It combines rich empirical case ...
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This book characterizes the nature of key reforms—namely managed networks—introduced in the UK National Health Service during the New Labour period (1997–2010). It combines rich empirical case material of eight such networks drawn from different health policy arenas with a theoretically informed analysis. It makes three main contributions. First, it argues that New Labour’s reforms included an important network element consistent with underlying network governance ideas, complementing the interpretation of other authors who have stressed either choice and markets or the continuation of NPM. It contributes to the wider NPM/post NPM debate by suggesting conditions of sedimentation. It specifies conditions of ‘success’ for these managed networks and explores how much progress was empirically evident. Second, the concept of ‘wicked problems’ is used to conceptualize many of the complex health policy arenas studied. It argues that networks are the least bad governance mode to tackle such wicked problems. Wicked problems conditions may become even more important in the future. It offers a qualified defence of network forms and caution against a whole-scale tilt to marketization in ‘wicked problem’ arenas. Third, it brings in a governmentality perspective to retheorize some of the novel organizational processes which do not fit either professional dominance or NPM models. A number of long-run policy developments under New Labour (such as clinical governance, EBM guidelines, energized clinical and managerial hybrids, patient safety regimes) appear consistent with this governmentality perspective.Less
This book characterizes the nature of key reforms—namely managed networks—introduced in the UK National Health Service during the New Labour period (1997–2010). It combines rich empirical case material of eight such networks drawn from different health policy arenas with a theoretically informed analysis. It makes three main contributions. First, it argues that New Labour’s reforms included an important network element consistent with underlying network governance ideas, complementing the interpretation of other authors who have stressed either choice and markets or the continuation of NPM. It contributes to the wider NPM/post NPM debate by suggesting conditions of sedimentation. It specifies conditions of ‘success’ for these managed networks and explores how much progress was empirically evident. Second, the concept of ‘wicked problems’ is used to conceptualize many of the complex health policy arenas studied. It argues that networks are the least bad governance mode to tackle such wicked problems. Wicked problems conditions may become even more important in the future. It offers a qualified defence of network forms and caution against a whole-scale tilt to marketization in ‘wicked problem’ arenas. Third, it brings in a governmentality perspective to retheorize some of the novel organizational processes which do not fit either professional dominance or NPM models. A number of long-run policy developments under New Labour (such as clinical governance, EBM guidelines, energized clinical and managerial hybrids, patient safety regimes) appear consistent with this governmentality perspective.
