Peter S. Wells
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143385
- eISBN:
- 9781400844777
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143385.003.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter first discusses the new style of imagery and ornament that emerged during the fifth century BC. The new style has been the source of endless controversy since the latter half of the ...
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This chapter first discusses the new style of imagery and ornament that emerged during the fifth century BC. The new style has been the source of endless controversy since the latter half of the nineteenth century. Strange creatures, part human, part beast, were crafted onto gold and bronze jewelry and cast onto the handles and lids of bronze vessels. Metalsmiths created lush new forms of decoration—incised and relief ornament based on floral motifs such as leaves and petals, with spirals, S-curves, and whirligigs decorating objects ranging from pottery to sword scabbards. This style was a radical departure from the forms of representation and decoration that preceded it. The chapter then sets out the book's purpose, namely to study a two-thousand-year period in Europe, from 2000 BC to the Roman conquests during the last century BC and the first century AD, known by the terms “Bronze Age” and “Iron Age.”Less
This chapter first discusses the new style of imagery and ornament that emerged during the fifth century BC. The new style has been the source of endless controversy since the latter half of the nineteenth century. Strange creatures, part human, part beast, were crafted onto gold and bronze jewelry and cast onto the handles and lids of bronze vessels. Metalsmiths created lush new forms of decoration—incised and relief ornament based on floral motifs such as leaves and petals, with spirals, S-curves, and whirligigs decorating objects ranging from pottery to sword scabbards. This style was a radical departure from the forms of representation and decoration that preceded it. The chapter then sets out the book's purpose, namely to study a two-thousand-year period in Europe, from 2000 BC to the Roman conquests during the last century BC and the first century AD, known by the terms “Bronze Age” and “Iron Age.”
Peter S. Wells
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143385
- eISBN:
- 9781400844777
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143385.003.0004
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter first discusses the concept of the frame and how it helps us to understand the visual patterning of space in late prehistoric Europe. Frames, whether they are wooden picture frames that ...
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This chapter first discusses the concept of the frame and how it helps us to understand the visual patterning of space in late prehistoric Europe. Frames, whether they are wooden picture frames that hold paintings on museum walls or boundary ditches around prehistoric sites, perform the important function of establishing for the viewer the boundaries of that which is to be viewed. The frame tells the viewer what is inside and therefore to be considered and what is outside and therefore can be ignored. The things that prehistoric Europeans placed within frames, their foci of attention, can be understood as diagrams. The chapter then considers some of the visual patterns that persist from the Early Bronze Age through the Late Iron Age, before turning to the character of the changes that took place in ways of seeing in later prehistoric Europe.Less
This chapter first discusses the concept of the frame and how it helps us to understand the visual patterning of space in late prehistoric Europe. Frames, whether they are wooden picture frames that hold paintings on museum walls or boundary ditches around prehistoric sites, perform the important function of establishing for the viewer the boundaries of that which is to be viewed. The frame tells the viewer what is inside and therefore to be considered and what is outside and therefore can be ignored. The things that prehistoric Europeans placed within frames, their foci of attention, can be understood as diagrams. The chapter then considers some of the visual patterns that persist from the Early Bronze Age through the Late Iron Age, before turning to the character of the changes that took place in ways of seeing in later prehistoric Europe.
Peter S. Wells
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143385
- eISBN:
- 9781400844777
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143385.003.0005
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter analyzes the pottery of late prehistoric Europe. Jars, bowls, and cups were the three main categories of pottery vessels that were in use in the Early Bronze Age. Bowls and cups were ...
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This chapter analyzes the pottery of late prehistoric Europe. Jars, bowls, and cups were the three main categories of pottery vessels that were in use in the Early Bronze Age. Bowls and cups were decorated differently from jars, and their surfaces were finished differently. Jars are the only category that had a purposely roughened surface. Bowls and cups were polished smooth. And jars are the only category within which each individual vessel was distinguished from every other by the pattern of its ornament. From the latter fact, it is argued that jars in the Early and Middle Bronze Age were individualized in a way that bowls and cups were not; each was deliberately made different from all others in order that the household that owned it could mark it as its own, and perhaps even use it to display to others in the community that it had abundant stores of grain.Less
This chapter analyzes the pottery of late prehistoric Europe. Jars, bowls, and cups were the three main categories of pottery vessels that were in use in the Early Bronze Age. Bowls and cups were decorated differently from jars, and their surfaces were finished differently. Jars are the only category that had a purposely roughened surface. Bowls and cups were polished smooth. And jars are the only category within which each individual vessel was distinguished from every other by the pattern of its ornament. From the latter fact, it is argued that jars in the Early and Middle Bronze Age were individualized in a way that bowls and cups were not; each was deliberately made different from all others in order that the household that owned it could mark it as its own, and perhaps even use it to display to others in the community that it had abundant stores of grain.
Peter S. Wells
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143385
- eISBN:
- 9781400844777
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143385.003.0012
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter discusses the extent to which communities in temperate Europe became increasingly integrated into the larger world of the Mediterranean basin and beyond, and how the process of ...
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This chapter discusses the extent to which communities in temperate Europe became increasingly integrated into the larger world of the Mediterranean basin and beyond, and how the process of integration worked. Major changes in the visual structure and patterning of objects took place in the context of major changes in the relationship between societies in temperate Europe and societies in the Mediterranean basin, in Asia, and in Africa. The changes emerged internally, from within the societies of temperate Europe. They were in no sense “caused by” outside societies, nor by trade relations with outside societies. The changes in the visual character of fifth-century-BC objects resulted principally from the expanded dissemination of ideas, embodied in new objects, styles, motifs, and designs. The changes in the second century BC resulted mainly from the expansion of commerce—of trade in goods.Less
This chapter discusses the extent to which communities in temperate Europe became increasingly integrated into the larger world of the Mediterranean basin and beyond, and how the process of integration worked. Major changes in the visual structure and patterning of objects took place in the context of major changes in the relationship between societies in temperate Europe and societies in the Mediterranean basin, in Asia, and in Africa. The changes emerged internally, from within the societies of temperate Europe. They were in no sense “caused by” outside societies, nor by trade relations with outside societies. The changes in the visual character of fifth-century-BC objects resulted principally from the expanded dissemination of ideas, embodied in new objects, styles, motifs, and designs. The changes in the second century BC resulted mainly from the expansion of commerce—of trade in goods.
Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Timothy P. Robinson, Mark Stevenson, Kim B. Stevens, David J. Rogers, and Archie C. A. Clements
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780198509882
- eISBN:
- 9780191709128
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198509882.003.0003
- Subject:
- Biology, Disease Ecology / Epidemiology
This chapter outlines techniques for visualizing spatial data, and describes methods that might be applied in the early phase of an analysis where the objective is to detect obvious spatial patterns ...
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This chapter outlines techniques for visualizing spatial data, and describes methods that might be applied in the early phase of an analysis where the objective is to detect obvious spatial patterns and to screen a dataset for errors. It discusses the use of point data, aggregated data, and continuous data. It also considers elements of good cartography and other factors that need to be taken into account when communicating spatial information to a wider audience.Less
This chapter outlines techniques for visualizing spatial data, and describes methods that might be applied in the early phase of an analysis where the objective is to detect obvious spatial patterns and to screen a dataset for errors. It discusses the use of point data, aggregated data, and continuous data. It also considers elements of good cartography and other factors that need to be taken into account when communicating spatial information to a wider audience.
Tony K. Stewart
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195392722
- eISBN:
- 9780199777327
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195392722.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
By the late 16th c., Caitanya’s devotees preferred loving images of Kṛṣṇa and Caitanya over majestic. Kṛṣṇadāsa sought to rectify these forms, doctrines, and practices. He incorporated the doctrine ...
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By the late 16th c., Caitanya’s devotees preferred loving images of Kṛṣṇa and Caitanya over majestic. Kṛṣṇadāsa sought to rectify these forms, doctrines, and practices. He incorporated the doctrine of pañca tattva, but emphasized that Gosvāmī theology focused on Kṛṣṇa; Caitanya as androgyne was but the manifestation of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa. To present Gosvāmī theology through Caitanya’s life, and incorporate doctrines circulating in Bengal, Kṛṣṇadāsa adopted categories of traditional discourse analysis: sambandha, subject of discourse (=Kṛṣṇa); abhidheya, matters to be explored (=devotion, bhakti); and prayojana, purpose (=love, prema). Adapting some practices common in Nadīyā, the Gosvāmī-sanctioned perspective redirected ritual sādhanā toward Kṛṣṇa through the figure of the mañjarī, a junior helpmate of Rādhā. Sixty-four ritual practices of mechanistic vaidhī acts spontaneously inculcate passion, rāga. To focus this passion, mañjarī sādhanā depended on elaborate yogic visualizations so the practitioner could enter into the eternal drama of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa in Vraja.Less
By the late 16th c., Caitanya’s devotees preferred loving images of Kṛṣṇa and Caitanya over majestic. Kṛṣṇadāsa sought to rectify these forms, doctrines, and practices. He incorporated the doctrine of pañca tattva, but emphasized that Gosvāmī theology focused on Kṛṣṇa; Caitanya as androgyne was but the manifestation of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa. To present Gosvāmī theology through Caitanya’s life, and incorporate doctrines circulating in Bengal, Kṛṣṇadāsa adopted categories of traditional discourse analysis: sambandha, subject of discourse (=Kṛṣṇa); abhidheya, matters to be explored (=devotion, bhakti); and prayojana, purpose (=love, prema). Adapting some practices common in Nadīyā, the Gosvāmī-sanctioned perspective redirected ritual sādhanā toward Kṛṣṇa through the figure of the mañjarī, a junior helpmate of Rādhā. Sixty-four ritual practices of mechanistic vaidhī acts spontaneously inculcate passion, rāga. To focus this passion, mañjarī sādhanā depended on elaborate yogic visualizations so the practitioner could enter into the eternal drama of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa in Vraja.
Nicholas Cook
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195167498
- eISBN:
- 9780199867707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195167498.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter surveys a range of applications of computers to the analysis of music, placing particular emphasis on large corpora. Subjects covered include notation-based visualization, the principles ...
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This chapter surveys a range of applications of computers to the analysis of music, placing particular emphasis on large corpora. Subjects covered include notation-based visualization, the principles underlying music representation languages, and David Huron's Humdrum Toolkit, with a number of case studies being described in which computational approaches measure the validity of speculative analyses or enable new correlations of data. There is a final discussion of the potential of integrating such techniques within the practice of “mainstream” musicology, the difficulties inherent in this, and some ways in which they might be solved.Less
This chapter surveys a range of applications of computers to the analysis of music, placing particular emphasis on large corpora. Subjects covered include notation-based visualization, the principles underlying music representation languages, and David Huron's Humdrum Toolkit, with a number of case studies being described in which computational approaches measure the validity of speculative analyses or enable new correlations of data. There is a final discussion of the potential of integrating such techniques within the practice of “mainstream” musicology, the difficulties inherent in this, and some ways in which they might be solved.
John J. Videler
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199299928
- eISBN:
- 9780191714924
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199299928.003.0004
- Subject:
- Biology, Ornithology
Main forces on a flying bird are lift, weight, thrust, and drag. Quantitative visualization of the flow shows how these forces result from the interactions between bird and air. Conventional flow ...
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Main forces on a flying bird are lift, weight, thrust, and drag. Quantitative visualization of the flow shows how these forces result from the interactions between bird and air. Conventional flow around cambered arm wings with rounded leading edges and sharp trailing edges is attached and deflected downwards behind the wings. A starting vortex needs to be shed before the full lift force is produced. Hand wings with sharp leading edges are flat and often used in swept back position to induce leading edge vortices (LEVs) above the wing. LEVs produce lift and drag instantaneously. The aerodynamics of flapping flight is more complex than that of gliding flight because thrust needs to be generated as well as lift. Birds most probably use combined effects of attached and LEV flow to accelerate air downwards and backwards. Most tails operate as delta wings when spread. LEVs are probably the main aerodynamic mechanism.Less
Main forces on a flying bird are lift, weight, thrust, and drag. Quantitative visualization of the flow shows how these forces result from the interactions between bird and air. Conventional flow around cambered arm wings with rounded leading edges and sharp trailing edges is attached and deflected downwards behind the wings. A starting vortex needs to be shed before the full lift force is produced. Hand wings with sharp leading edges are flat and often used in swept back position to induce leading edge vortices (LEVs) above the wing. LEVs produce lift and drag instantaneously. The aerodynamics of flapping flight is more complex than that of gliding flight because thrust needs to be generated as well as lift. Birds most probably use combined effects of attached and LEV flow to accelerate air downwards and backwards. Most tails operate as delta wings when spread. LEVs are probably the main aerodynamic mechanism.
Trent Pomplun
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195377866
- eISBN:
- 9780199869466
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195377866.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter begins in 1715 as Ippolito Desideri and his traveling companion Manoel Freyre make their way across the great deserts of Western Tibet in the company of a mixed Mongol‐Tibetan caravan. ...
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This chapter begins in 1715 as Ippolito Desideri and his traveling companion Manoel Freyre make their way across the great deserts of Western Tibet in the company of a mixed Mongol‐Tibetan caravan. It introduces readers to Ignatius Loyola, the Jesuits, and their religious institutions and devotes special attention to the Jesuits' own emphasis on images and image‐production in iconography, in literature, and in meditation. It also provides the historical context necessary to understand Desideri's own fantasies about Tibet and Tibetans.Less
This chapter begins in 1715 as Ippolito Desideri and his traveling companion Manoel Freyre make their way across the great deserts of Western Tibet in the company of a mixed Mongol‐Tibetan caravan. It introduces readers to Ignatius Loyola, the Jesuits, and their religious institutions and devotes special attention to the Jesuits' own emphasis on images and image‐production in iconography, in literature, and in meditation. It also provides the historical context necessary to understand Desideri's own fantasies about Tibet and Tibetans.
Ming Yi and Robert M. Stephens
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199532872
- eISBN:
- 9780191714467
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199532872.003.0006
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Probability / Statistics, Biostatistics
Although the use of DNA microarrays and other high throughput (HTP) technologies is increasingly widespread and affordable, retrieval and interpretation of underlying biological themes from HTP data ...
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Although the use of DNA microarrays and other high throughput (HTP) technologies is increasingly widespread and affordable, retrieval and interpretation of underlying biological themes from HTP data remains a major challenge in the area of systems biology. In recent years, pathway analysis has emerged as a category of promising analysis methods for HTP data, which is getting more and more attention in genomics and other ‘omics’ fields in both academic and industrial settings. This chapter focuses specifically on pathway-based analysis of HTP data. First, a brief overview of pathway analysis concepts and methodologies is provided. Then, the evolution from gene signatures to pathway signatures is described focusing on the recent development of applications of pathways to the classification of a phenotype of interest using HTP data.Less
Although the use of DNA microarrays and other high throughput (HTP) technologies is increasingly widespread and affordable, retrieval and interpretation of underlying biological themes from HTP data remains a major challenge in the area of systems biology. In recent years, pathway analysis has emerged as a category of promising analysis methods for HTP data, which is getting more and more attention in genomics and other ‘omics’ fields in both academic and industrial settings. This chapter focuses specifically on pathway-based analysis of HTP data. First, a brief overview of pathway analysis concepts and methodologies is provided. Then, the evolution from gene signatures to pathway signatures is described focusing on the recent development of applications of pathways to the classification of a phenotype of interest using HTP data.
Francis X. Clooney
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195170375
- eISBN:
- 9780199835379
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195170377.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
The Saundarya Lahari is a hymn of 100 verses, composed in Sanskrit, in the Saiva tantric tradition, and voiced in praise of the great Goddess, Devi. It is attributed to Sankaracarya, the renowned 8th ...
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The Saundarya Lahari is a hymn of 100 verses, composed in Sanskrit, in the Saiva tantric tradition, and voiced in praise of the great Goddess, Devi. It is attributed to Sankaracarya, the renowned 8th century theologian, although scholars deem its authorship and date uncertain. The hymn praises Devi as the consort of Siva, Herself the power who creates, sustains, and guides the world. From the perspective of tantra, She is also the vital force pervading the cakras (physiological and spiritual centers of energy in the body) and rising as the kundalini energy through them. She is visualized austerely and geometrically in the complex triangles, circles, and other figures comprising the design known as the sricakra, and She is invoked by many public titles but also by a secret mantra name of 16 syllables. She is most importantly the supremely beautiful Mother; contemplating Her in loving detail is an efficacious and even supreme religious act. The Saundarya Lahari thus appropriates a traditional view of the female form while yet transforming the power relationships related to beauty and insisting that male viewers too become involved in the drama of a world centered on Her. In order to support the practice of visualization, it argues that the superior mode of approach to Her is to gaze upon Her. As a hymn, it addresses the Goddess directly and teaches devotees how to conceive of Her, see Her, and reach Her. Mary, represented in the Stabat Mater, is likewise visualized as the powerful woman to whom one turns in seeking salvation.Less
The Saundarya Lahari is a hymn of 100 verses, composed in Sanskrit, in the Saiva tantric tradition, and voiced in praise of the great Goddess, Devi. It is attributed to Sankaracarya, the renowned 8th century theologian, although scholars deem its authorship and date uncertain. The hymn praises Devi as the consort of Siva, Herself the power who creates, sustains, and guides the world. From the perspective of tantra, She is also the vital force pervading the cakras (physiological and spiritual centers of energy in the body) and rising as the kundalini energy through them. She is visualized austerely and geometrically in the complex triangles, circles, and other figures comprising the design known as the sricakra, and She is invoked by many public titles but also by a secret mantra name of 16 syllables. She is most importantly the supremely beautiful Mother; contemplating Her in loving detail is an efficacious and even supreme religious act. The Saundarya Lahari thus appropriates a traditional view of the female form while yet transforming the power relationships related to beauty and insisting that male viewers too become involved in the drama of a world centered on Her. In order to support the practice of visualization, it argues that the superior mode of approach to Her is to gaze upon Her. As a hymn, it addresses the Goddess directly and teaches devotees how to conceive of Her, see Her, and reach Her. Mary, represented in the Stabat Mater, is likewise visualized as the powerful woman to whom one turns in seeking salvation.
Sarah Cooper
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474452786
- eISBN:
- 9781474476676
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474452786.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Film and the Imagined Image explores the extraordinary ways in which film can stimulate and direct the image-making capacity of the imagination. From documentary to art house cinema, and from an ...
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Film and the Imagined Image explores the extraordinary ways in which film can stimulate and direct the image-making capacity of the imagination. From documentary to art house cinema, and from an abundance of onscreen images to their complete absence, films that experiment variously with narration, voice-over, and soundscapes do not only engage the thoughts and senses of spectators in a perceptually rich experience. They also make an appeal to visualise more than is visible on screen and they provide instruction on how to do so as spectators think and feel, listen and view. Bringing together philosophy, film theory, literary scholarship, and cognitive psychology with an international range of films from beyond the mainstream, Sarah Cooper charts the key processes that serve the imagining of images in the light of the mind. Through its navigation of a labile and vivid mental terrain, this innovative work makes a profound contribution to the study of spectatorship.Less
Film and the Imagined Image explores the extraordinary ways in which film can stimulate and direct the image-making capacity of the imagination. From documentary to art house cinema, and from an abundance of onscreen images to their complete absence, films that experiment variously with narration, voice-over, and soundscapes do not only engage the thoughts and senses of spectators in a perceptually rich experience. They also make an appeal to visualise more than is visible on screen and they provide instruction on how to do so as spectators think and feel, listen and view. Bringing together philosophy, film theory, literary scholarship, and cognitive psychology with an international range of films from beyond the mainstream, Sarah Cooper charts the key processes that serve the imagining of images in the light of the mind. Through its navigation of a labile and vivid mental terrain, this innovative work makes a profound contribution to the study of spectatorship.
Ivan Soltesz
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195177015
- eISBN:
- 9780199864713
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177015.003.0001
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Neuroendocrine and Autonomic, Techniques
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of early studies in neuroanatomy. It then considers the contributions of improved single cell visualization methods and presents a listing of some ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of early studies in neuroanatomy. It then considers the contributions of improved single cell visualization methods and presents a listing of some of the major discoveries concerning interneuronal microcircuits within the hippocampus and neocortex. The idealized form of an interneuronal type is discussed. Finally, the chapter briefly addresses how earlier neuroscientific thinkers, and particularly Cajal, dealt with the conjoint problems of the idealization of cell types and the existence of cell-to-cell variability.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of early studies in neuroanatomy. It then considers the contributions of improved single cell visualization methods and presents a listing of some of the major discoveries concerning interneuronal microcircuits within the hippocampus and neocortex. The idealized form of an interneuronal type is discussed. Finally, the chapter briefly addresses how earlier neuroscientific thinkers, and particularly Cajal, dealt with the conjoint problems of the idealization of cell types and the existence of cell-to-cell variability.
Paolo Mancosu (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199296453
- eISBN:
- 9780191711961
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296453.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Logic/Philosophy of Mathematics
Contemporary philosophy of mathematics offers us an embarrassment of riches. But anyone familiar with this area will be aware of the need for new approaches that will pay closer attention to ...
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Contemporary philosophy of mathematics offers us an embarrassment of riches. But anyone familiar with this area will be aware of the need for new approaches that will pay closer attention to mathematical practice. This book provides a unified presentation of this new wave of work in philosophy of mathematics. This new approach is innovative in at least two ways. First, it holds that there are important novel characteristics of contemporary mathematics that are just as worthy of philosophical attention as the distinction between constructive and non constructive mathematics at the time of the foundational debates. Secondly, it holds that many topics that escape purely formal logical treatment — such as visualization, explanation, and understanding — can be nonetheless be subjected to philosophical analysis. The book comprises an introduction and eight sections. Each section consists of a short introduction outlining the general topic followed by a related research article. The eight topics selected represent a broad spectrum of contemporary philosophical reflection on different aspects of mathematical practice: visualization, diagrammatic reasoning and representational systems, mathematical explanation, purity of methods, mathematical concepts, philosophical relevance of category theory, philosophical aspects of computer science in mathematics, philosophical impact of recent developments in mathematical physics.Less
Contemporary philosophy of mathematics offers us an embarrassment of riches. But anyone familiar with this area will be aware of the need for new approaches that will pay closer attention to mathematical practice. This book provides a unified presentation of this new wave of work in philosophy of mathematics. This new approach is innovative in at least two ways. First, it holds that there are important novel characteristics of contemporary mathematics that are just as worthy of philosophical attention as the distinction between constructive and non constructive mathematics at the time of the foundational debates. Secondly, it holds that many topics that escape purely formal logical treatment — such as visualization, explanation, and understanding — can be nonetheless be subjected to philosophical analysis. The book comprises an introduction and eight sections. Each section consists of a short introduction outlining the general topic followed by a related research article. The eight topics selected represent a broad spectrum of contemporary philosophical reflection on different aspects of mathematical practice: visualization, diagrammatic reasoning and representational systems, mathematical explanation, purity of methods, mathematical concepts, philosophical relevance of category theory, philosophical aspects of computer science in mathematics, philosophical impact of recent developments in mathematical physics.
Jorge N. Ferrer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199751198
- eISBN:
- 9780199918782
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751198.003.0011
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter describes a critical-participatory pedagogy used in a doctoral seminar on the comparative study of mysticism taught at the California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco. The ...
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This chapter describes a critical-participatory pedagogy used in a doctoral seminar on the comparative study of mysticism taught at the California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco. The pedagogical strategy consists of an in-depth exploration of the field of comparative mysticism in the context of a participatory inquiry paradigm. Participatory pedagogies seek to incorporate as many human faculties as appropriate. To this end, in addition to the intellectual discussion of the main interpretive models and major horizons of the field of comparative mysticism, the seminar draws on the following pedagogical strategies: (1) guided visualization and contemplative inquiry; (2) ritual and somatic grounding; (3) mandala drawing; (4) dialogical inquiry as spiritual practice; (5) meditative reading of lectio divina; and (6) role play and multidimensional presentations.Less
This chapter describes a critical-participatory pedagogy used in a doctoral seminar on the comparative study of mysticism taught at the California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco. The pedagogical strategy consists of an in-depth exploration of the field of comparative mysticism in the context of a participatory inquiry paradigm. Participatory pedagogies seek to incorporate as many human faculties as appropriate. To this end, in addition to the intellectual discussion of the main interpretive models and major horizons of the field of comparative mysticism, the seminar draws on the following pedagogical strategies: (1) guided visualization and contemplative inquiry; (2) ritual and somatic grounding; (3) mandala drawing; (4) dialogical inquiry as spiritual practice; (5) meditative reading of lectio divina; and (6) role play and multidimensional presentations.
Ian Gwilt, Patrick McEntaggart, Melanie Levick-Parkin, and Jonathan Wood
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447341895
- eISBN:
- 9781447341970
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447341895.003.0009
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
This chapter explores the use of a practice-led research methodology in the design of generative data visualisations that can be used to record and reveal the details of an empiric museum visit. The ...
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This chapter explores the use of a practice-led research methodology in the design of generative data visualisations that can be used to record and reveal the details of an empiric museum visit. The object of capturing this visitor information is to assist in the future design and development of tools for the creation of interactive museum experiences that can be improved by connecting the physical dimension of museums and exhibitions with digital information in new and novel ways. The main concern in this research is with how user engagement in the museum can be captured, visualised, and represented back to a visitor, museum curator, or the broader community in a way that might bring added value or insight. Moreover, the capturing of the visitor experience becomes an archival process and practice. It can be used in the design of future exhibitions, and more fundamentally to inform thinking around the ongoing ontological and epistemological position of the museum.Less
This chapter explores the use of a practice-led research methodology in the design of generative data visualisations that can be used to record and reveal the details of an empiric museum visit. The object of capturing this visitor information is to assist in the future design and development of tools for the creation of interactive museum experiences that can be improved by connecting the physical dimension of museums and exhibitions with digital information in new and novel ways. The main concern in this research is with how user engagement in the museum can be captured, visualised, and represented back to a visitor, museum curator, or the broader community in a way that might bring added value or insight. Moreover, the capturing of the visitor experience becomes an archival process and practice. It can be used in the design of future exhibitions, and more fundamentally to inform thinking around the ongoing ontological and epistemological position of the museum.
Matthew W. Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780816698523
- eISBN:
- 9781452958866
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816698523.001.0001
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Cartography
New Lines considers a society increasingly drawn to the power of the digital map, examining the conceptual and technical developments of the field of geographic information science as this work is ...
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New Lines considers a society increasingly drawn to the power of the digital map, examining the conceptual and technical developments of the field of geographic information science as this work is refracted through a pervasive digital culture. This book draws together archival research on the birth of the digital map with a reconsideration of the critical turn in mapping and cartographic thought.Less
New Lines considers a society increasingly drawn to the power of the digital map, examining the conceptual and technical developments of the field of geographic information science as this work is refracted through a pervasive digital culture. This book draws together archival research on the birth of the digital map with a reconsideration of the critical turn in mapping and cartographic thought.
William B. Rouse
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198846420
- eISBN:
- 9780191881589
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198846420.001.0001
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Logic / Computer Science / Mathematical Philosophy
This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers ...
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This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers are very interested in what “data analytics” can do for them and, quite recently, what the prospects are for artificial intelligence and machine learning. They want to understand and then invest wisely. They are reasonably skeptical, having experienced overselling and under-delivery. They ask about reasonable and realistic expectations. Their concern is with the futurity of decisions they are currently entertaining. They cannot fully address this concern empirically. Thus, they need some way to make predictions. The problem is that one rarely can predict exactly what will happen, only what might happen. To overcome this limitation, executives can be provided predictions of possible futures and the conditions under which each scenario is likely to emerge. Models can help them to understand these possible futures. Most executives find such candor refreshing, perhaps even liberating. Their job becomes one of imagining and designing a portfolio of possible futures, assisted by interactive computational models. Understanding and managing uncertainty is central to their job. Indeed, doing this better than competitors is a hallmark of success. This book is intended to help them understand what fundamentally needs to be done, why it needs to be done, and how to do it. The hope is that readers will discuss this book and develop a “shared mental model” of computational modeling in the process, which will greatly enhance their chances of success.Less
This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers are very interested in what “data analytics” can do for them and, quite recently, what the prospects are for artificial intelligence and machine learning. They want to understand and then invest wisely. They are reasonably skeptical, having experienced overselling and under-delivery. They ask about reasonable and realistic expectations. Their concern is with the futurity of decisions they are currently entertaining. They cannot fully address this concern empirically. Thus, they need some way to make predictions. The problem is that one rarely can predict exactly what will happen, only what might happen. To overcome this limitation, executives can be provided predictions of possible futures and the conditions under which each scenario is likely to emerge. Models can help them to understand these possible futures. Most executives find such candor refreshing, perhaps even liberating. Their job becomes one of imagining and designing a portfolio of possible futures, assisted by interactive computational models. Understanding and managing uncertainty is central to their job. Indeed, doing this better than competitors is a hallmark of success. This book is intended to help them understand what fundamentally needs to be done, why it needs to be done, and how to do it. The hope is that readers will discuss this book and develop a “shared mental model” of computational modeling in the process, which will greatly enhance their chances of success.
Larissa Hjorth, Sarah Pink, and Kristen Sharp
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034562
- eISBN:
- 9780262334013
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034562.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
A visual culture of environmental deterioration, pollution and disaster has fast become part of our everyday media lives. This is accompanied by a wider move towards recognition, consciousness, and ...
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A visual culture of environmental deterioration, pollution and disaster has fast become part of our everyday media lives. This is accompanied by a wider move towards recognition, consciousness, and critique of the politics, flows of goods, and capital and consumer cultures, increasingly held responsible for environmental degradation. This book explores how artists can provide alternative ways in which to understand, visualise and critically intervene in the entanglements between media and the environment in the Asia-Pacific.
Chapter by chapter Screen Ecologies shows how artists are merging visual and new media methods to carve out alternative ways to understand, visualise, comment on and intervene in the complex entanglements of media and environment of the Asia-Pacific. In doing so it takes a new approach to advancing an agenda already shared by scholarly, activist and art critiques of climate change.Less
A visual culture of environmental deterioration, pollution and disaster has fast become part of our everyday media lives. This is accompanied by a wider move towards recognition, consciousness, and critique of the politics, flows of goods, and capital and consumer cultures, increasingly held responsible for environmental degradation. This book explores how artists can provide alternative ways in which to understand, visualise and critically intervene in the entanglements between media and the environment in the Asia-Pacific.
Chapter by chapter Screen Ecologies shows how artists are merging visual and new media methods to carve out alternative ways to understand, visualise, comment on and intervene in the complex entanglements of media and environment of the Asia-Pacific. In doing so it takes a new approach to advancing an agenda already shared by scholarly, activist and art critiques of climate change.
Quan Li
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- March 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190656218
- eISBN:
- 9780190656256
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190656218.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This book seeks to teach undergraduate and graduate students in social sciences how to use R to manage, visualize, and analyze data in order to answer substantive questions and replicate published ...
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This book seeks to teach undergraduate and graduate students in social sciences how to use R to manage, visualize, and analyze data in order to answer substantive questions and replicate published findings. This book distinguishes itself from other introductory R or statistics books in three ways. First, targeting an audience rarely exposed to statistical programming, it adopts a minimalist approach and covers only the most important functions and skills in R that one will need for conducting reproducible research projects. Second, it emphasizes meeting the practical needs of students using R in research projects. Specifically, it teaches students how to import, inspect, and manage data; understand the logic of statistical inference; visualize data and findings via histograms, boxplots, scatterplots, and diagnostic plots; and analyze data using one-sample t-test, difference-of-means test, covariance, correlation, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, and model assumption diagnostics. Third, it teaches students how to replicate the findings in published journal articles and diagnose model assumption violations. The principle behind this book is to teach students to learn as little R as possible but to do as much reproducible, substance-driven data analysis at the beginner or intermediate level as possible. The minimalist approach dramatically reduces the learning cost but still proves adequate information for meeting the practical research needs of senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students. Having completed this book, students can use R and statistical analysis to answer questions regarding some substantively interesting continuous outcome variable in a cross-sectional design.Less
This book seeks to teach undergraduate and graduate students in social sciences how to use R to manage, visualize, and analyze data in order to answer substantive questions and replicate published findings. This book distinguishes itself from other introductory R or statistics books in three ways. First, targeting an audience rarely exposed to statistical programming, it adopts a minimalist approach and covers only the most important functions and skills in R that one will need for conducting reproducible research projects. Second, it emphasizes meeting the practical needs of students using R in research projects. Specifically, it teaches students how to import, inspect, and manage data; understand the logic of statistical inference; visualize data and findings via histograms, boxplots, scatterplots, and diagnostic plots; and analyze data using one-sample t-test, difference-of-means test, covariance, correlation, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, and model assumption diagnostics. Third, it teaches students how to replicate the findings in published journal articles and diagnose model assumption violations. The principle behind this book is to teach students to learn as little R as possible but to do as much reproducible, substance-driven data analysis at the beginner or intermediate level as possible. The minimalist approach dramatically reduces the learning cost but still proves adequate information for meeting the practical research needs of senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students. Having completed this book, students can use R and statistical analysis to answer questions regarding some substantively interesting continuous outcome variable in a cross-sectional design.
