Yujiro Hayami and Toshihiko Kawagoe
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199241019
- eISBN:
- 9780191601217
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199241015.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, South and East Asia
This chapter discusses how peasant entrepreneurs develop their trade by taking advantage of the village community relationships, based on a field study of vegetable marketing in Indonesia. It covers ...
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This chapter discusses how peasant entrepreneurs develop their trade by taking advantage of the village community relationships, based on a field study of vegetable marketing in Indonesia. It covers commercial vegetable production in an upland village, the organization of vegetable marketing, interregional trade of vegetables, and the impact of economic development on peasant entrepreneurs.Less
This chapter discusses how peasant entrepreneurs develop their trade by taking advantage of the village community relationships, based on a field study of vegetable marketing in Indonesia. It covers commercial vegetable production in an upland village, the organization of vegetable marketing, interregional trade of vegetables, and the impact of economic development on peasant entrepreneurs.
Marjorie Topley
Jean DeBernardi (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789888028146
- eISBN:
- 9789882206663
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888028146.003.0013
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter focuses on master farmers growing rice or vegetables as principal crops. Specialization in vegetable-growing is largely the concern of immigrants, while indigenous farmers, that is ...
More
This chapter focuses on master farmers growing rice or vegetables as principal crops. Specialization in vegetable-growing is largely the concern of immigrants, while indigenous farmers, that is people whose ancestors settled in the area generations ago, still specialize mainly in rice production. Rice was formerly the traditional crop of the New Territories, but has declined in importance in the last decade, giving way to market gardening. Increased vegetable production has been carried out mainly on former paddy land. The encouragement to change in farming patterns has been provided by the growth of urban areas since the war, and has been almost entirely due to efforts of immigrants from the vegetable-specializing areas of Kwangtung [Guangdong] province. The first large influx of these farmers was about 1937 when the Japanese invaded South China. Since the establishment of the present regime in China, their numbers have increased considerably.Less
This chapter focuses on master farmers growing rice or vegetables as principal crops. Specialization in vegetable-growing is largely the concern of immigrants, while indigenous farmers, that is people whose ancestors settled in the area generations ago, still specialize mainly in rice production. Rice was formerly the traditional crop of the New Territories, but has declined in importance in the last decade, giving way to market gardening. Increased vegetable production has been carried out mainly on former paddy land. The encouragement to change in farming patterns has been provided by the growth of urban areas since the war, and has been almost entirely due to efforts of immigrants from the vegetable-specializing areas of Kwangtung [Guangdong] province. The first large influx of these farmers was about 1937 when the Japanese invaded South China. Since the establishment of the present regime in China, their numbers have increased considerably.
Miranda Threlfall-Holmes
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199253814
- eISBN:
- 9780191719813
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199253814.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Food was the largest single category of expenditure for Durham Cathedral Priory. This chapter analyses what was purchased under this heading. There are sections on the provisioning infrastructure of ...
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Food was the largest single category of expenditure for Durham Cathedral Priory. This chapter analyses what was purchased under this heading. There are sections on the provisioning infrastructure of the priory, and on the purchasing and consumption of each of the major constituents of the priory's diet: grains, meat, fish, wine, spices, fats, dairy produce, and vegetables. Under such headings the types or varieties of each commodity purchased by the priory are looked at, the priory's consumption is estimated, and comparisons are drawn with the standards of living at other great medieval households, notably with that of Westminster Abbey. Seasonal variations and the impact of the religious calendar on diet are also discussed.Less
Food was the largest single category of expenditure for Durham Cathedral Priory. This chapter analyses what was purchased under this heading. There are sections on the provisioning infrastructure of the priory, and on the purchasing and consumption of each of the major constituents of the priory's diet: grains, meat, fish, wine, spices, fats, dairy produce, and vegetables. Under such headings the types or varieties of each commodity purchased by the priory are looked at, the priory's consumption is estimated, and comparisons are drawn with the standards of living at other great medieval households, notably with that of Westminster Abbey. Seasonal variations and the impact of the religious calendar on diet are also discussed.
Andrew McGowan
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198269724
- eISBN:
- 9780191683770
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198269724.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
The early Eucharist has usually been seen as sacramental eating of token bread and
wine in careful or even slavish imitation of Jesus and his earliest disciples. In
fact the evidence suggests great ...
More
The early Eucharist has usually been seen as sacramental eating of token bread and
wine in careful or even slavish imitation of Jesus and his earliest disciples. In
fact the evidence suggests great diversity in its conduct, including the use of
foods, in the first few hundred years. Eucharistic meals involving cheese, milk,
salt, oil, and vegetables are attested, and some have argued that even fish was
used. The most significant exception to using bread and wine, however, was a
‘bread-and-water’ Christian meal, an ancient ascetic form of
the Eucharist. This tradition also involved rejection of meat from general diet, and
reflected the concern of dissident communities to avoid the cuisine —
meat and wine — characteristic of pagan sacrifice. This study describes
and discusses these practices fully for the first time, and provides important new
insights into the liturgical and social history of early Christianity.Less
The early Eucharist has usually been seen as sacramental eating of token bread and
wine in careful or even slavish imitation of Jesus and his earliest disciples. In
fact the evidence suggests great diversity in its conduct, including the use of
foods, in the first few hundred years. Eucharistic meals involving cheese, milk,
salt, oil, and vegetables are attested, and some have argued that even fish was
used. The most significant exception to using bread and wine, however, was a
‘bread-and-water’ Christian meal, an ancient ascetic form of
the Eucharist. This tradition also involved rejection of meat from general diet, and
reflected the concern of dissident communities to avoid the cuisine —
meat and wine — characteristic of pagan sacrifice. This study describes
and discusses these practices fully for the first time, and provides important new
insights into the liturgical and social history of early Christianity.
Sinan Koont
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037578
- eISBN:
- 9780813042114
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037578.003.0009
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
One obviously important outcome of urban agriculture is the production and distribution of foodstuffs to the population. By far the most successful subprogram of urban agriculture is in the ...
More
One obviously important outcome of urban agriculture is the production and distribution of foodstuffs to the population. By far the most successful subprogram of urban agriculture is in the production of fresh vegetables, with rapid growth in output throughout the island. Other subprograms, although all active, continue to be less developed. The distribution to the population takes place through direct sales at thousands of points-of-sale and the MALs, self-provisioning, and the MAEs. Social consumption of urban agricultural output takes place at workplaces, hospitals, and educational institutions. Urban agriculture plays a significant role in improving Cuban diets, but has not led to food sovereignty. Other significant outcomes of urban agriculture include employment generation, environmental benefits, and community building.Less
One obviously important outcome of urban agriculture is the production and distribution of foodstuffs to the population. By far the most successful subprogram of urban agriculture is in the production of fresh vegetables, with rapid growth in output throughout the island. Other subprograms, although all active, continue to be less developed. The distribution to the population takes place through direct sales at thousands of points-of-sale and the MALs, self-provisioning, and the MAEs. Social consumption of urban agricultural output takes place at workplaces, hospitals, and educational institutions. Urban agriculture plays a significant role in improving Cuban diets, but has not led to food sovereignty. Other significant outcomes of urban agriculture include employment generation, environmental benefits, and community building.
Edzard Ernst
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199216420
- eISBN:
- 9780191730306
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199216420.003.0010
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter examines the integration of complementary therapies in palliative care. It explains that there is encouraging evidence suggesting that several therapies that might be considered as ...
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This chapter examines the integration of complementary therapies in palliative care. It explains that there is encouraging evidence suggesting that several therapies that might be considered as complementary might decrease cancer risks such as the regular intake of allium vegetables and consumption of tomato products. It reviews evidence for and against integrating complementary therapies in cancer palliation and discusses two symptoms that are of particular importance to palliative and supportive care.Less
This chapter examines the integration of complementary therapies in palliative care. It explains that there is encouraging evidence suggesting that several therapies that might be considered as complementary might decrease cancer risks such as the regular intake of allium vegetables and consumption of tomato products. It reviews evidence for and against integrating complementary therapies in cancer palliation and discusses two symptoms that are of particular importance to palliative and supportive care.
M. A. Aldrich
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622097773
- eISBN:
- 9789882207585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622097773.003.0039
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter tours the Western Chinese City. It begins by walking south of the Zheng Yang Gate towards the commercial and entertainment district of Old Peking called the Great Bamboo Fence. The House ...
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This chapter tours the Western Chinese City. It begins by walking south of the Zheng Yang Gate towards the commercial and entertainment district of Old Peking called the Great Bamboo Fence. The House of the Six Obligations, located near the intersection of Big Bamboo Street and Grain and Rice Street, started its existence as a shop set up in 1530 by six merchants from Shan Xi province. Around the Vegetable Market are a number of historic sites. There is a Chinese Muslim legend that shows how Chinese culture absorbed Islam. The Peking Museum of Traditional Architecture is housed in the Hall of Jupiter, which was first constructed in 1532 and renovated in 1754. By ascending the marble terrace, one may first past through the Hall of Propriety and enter into a vast enclosed courtyard similar to those in the Forbidden City. To the north is the Hall of Jupiter, now housing exhibits on traditional Chinese construction techniques.Less
This chapter tours the Western Chinese City. It begins by walking south of the Zheng Yang Gate towards the commercial and entertainment district of Old Peking called the Great Bamboo Fence. The House of the Six Obligations, located near the intersection of Big Bamboo Street and Grain and Rice Street, started its existence as a shop set up in 1530 by six merchants from Shan Xi province. Around the Vegetable Market are a number of historic sites. There is a Chinese Muslim legend that shows how Chinese culture absorbed Islam. The Peking Museum of Traditional Architecture is housed in the Hall of Jupiter, which was first constructed in 1532 and renovated in 1754. By ascending the marble terrace, one may first past through the Hall of Propriety and enter into a vast enclosed courtyard similar to those in the Forbidden City. To the north is the Hall of Jupiter, now housing exhibits on traditional Chinese construction techniques.
Paul Brennan, Lorelei Mucci, and Hans-Olov Adami
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311174
- eISBN:
- 9780199865093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311174.003.0007
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Many important risk factors for oral cancer have been elucidated. Tobacco in its many forms is perhaps the most important risk factor, both because of its strong relationship with the disease and ...
More
Many important risk factors for oral cancer have been elucidated. Tobacco in its many forms is perhaps the most important risk factor, both because of its strong relationship with the disease and because of its high prevalence around the world. Alcohol use alone may elevate the risk of oral cancer, although its predominant effect comes from interaction with tobacco. The epidemiologic evidence supporting an increased risk for HPV type 16 is also unequivocal. A protective association with consumption of fruits and vegetables has been consistently shown, although it is difficult to make an interpretation due to the potential for confounding and bias. Finally, there appears to be a role for common genetic polymorphisms that by themselves may not substantially impact the disease risk, but that in concert with environmental exposures may lead to development of oral cancer. The majority of oral cancers that occur globally are attributed to causes that are for the most part modifiable.Less
Many important risk factors for oral cancer have been elucidated. Tobacco in its many forms is perhaps the most important risk factor, both because of its strong relationship with the disease and because of its high prevalence around the world. Alcohol use alone may elevate the risk of oral cancer, although its predominant effect comes from interaction with tobacco. The epidemiologic evidence supporting an increased risk for HPV type 16 is also unequivocal. A protective association with consumption of fruits and vegetables has been consistently shown, although it is difficult to make an interpretation due to the potential for confounding and bias. Finally, there appears to be a role for common genetic polymorphisms that by themselves may not substantially impact the disease risk, but that in concert with environmental exposures may lead to development of oral cancer. The majority of oral cancers that occur globally are attributed to causes that are for the most part modifiable.
Olof Nyrén and Hans-Olov Adami
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311174
- eISBN:
- 9780199865093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311174.003.0010
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide. Considerable knowledge about potentially causal factors has been gathered during the past few decades. Helicobacter pylori, the strongest ...
More
Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide. Considerable knowledge about potentially causal factors has been gathered during the past few decades. Helicobacter pylori, the strongest and most important risk factor, is likely to become the first target in future prevention strategies. A deeper understanding of effect-modifying factors or circumstances in the microorganism, in the host, and/or in the environment may help us to design precisely targeted interventions. Dietary factors, particularly the intake of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables, are likely to be important, albeit perhaps somewhat overrated in older case-control data. New insights in bacterial and human genetics may enable us to focus even more precisely on the relevant high-risk groups. They may also allow selective prevention of infections predestined to trigger the carcinogenic process. To achieve these goals, epidemiologists, gastroenterologists, pathologists, tumor biologists, microbiologists, geneticists, and biochemists need to join forces in a coordinated effort.Less
Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide. Considerable knowledge about potentially causal factors has been gathered during the past few decades. Helicobacter pylori, the strongest and most important risk factor, is likely to become the first target in future prevention strategies. A deeper understanding of effect-modifying factors or circumstances in the microorganism, in the host, and/or in the environment may help us to design precisely targeted interventions. Dietary factors, particularly the intake of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables, are likely to be important, albeit perhaps somewhat overrated in older case-control data. New insights in bacterial and human genetics may enable us to focus even more precisely on the relevant high-risk groups. They may also allow selective prevention of infections predestined to trigger the carcinogenic process. To achieve these goals, epidemiologists, gastroenterologists, pathologists, tumor biologists, microbiologists, geneticists, and biochemists need to join forces in a coordinated effort.
Anders Ekbom and Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311174
- eISBN:
- 9780199865093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311174.003.0013
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Cancer of the pancreas is slightly more common among men than women. Survival rarely exceeds six months. Trends in pancreatic cancer incidence in developed countries are slightly declining. The ...
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Cancer of the pancreas is slightly more common among men than women. Survival rarely exceeds six months. Trends in pancreatic cancer incidence in developed countries are slightly declining. The disease shows evidence of a familial occurrence. Tobacco smoking is the only established exogenous cause of the disease; smoking cessation is quickly followed by a reduction in risk. Consumption of fruits and vegetables is inversely associated. Alcohol, either consumed in moderate amounts or abused, does not substantially affect risk, although pancreatitis, frequently linked to excessive alcohol intake, has been found to slightly increase the risk of the disease. Among occupational factors the evidence is relatively strong only for chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents frequently used in dry cleaning. Adult-onset diabetes mellitus and perhaps pernicious anemia may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, possibly through the action of gastrointestinal hormones or insulin. Several reports indicate that allergies may be inversely related to the risk of pancreatic cancer.Less
Cancer of the pancreas is slightly more common among men than women. Survival rarely exceeds six months. Trends in pancreatic cancer incidence in developed countries are slightly declining. The disease shows evidence of a familial occurrence. Tobacco smoking is the only established exogenous cause of the disease; smoking cessation is quickly followed by a reduction in risk. Consumption of fruits and vegetables is inversely associated. Alcohol, either consumed in moderate amounts or abused, does not substantially affect risk, although pancreatitis, frequently linked to excessive alcohol intake, has been found to slightly increase the risk of the disease. Among occupational factors the evidence is relatively strong only for chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents frequently used in dry cleaning. Adult-onset diabetes mellitus and perhaps pernicious anemia may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, possibly through the action of gastrointestinal hormones or insulin. Several reports indicate that allergies may be inversely related to the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Manolis Kogevinas, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, and Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311174
- eISBN:
- 9780199865093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311174.003.0022
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Bladder cancer is common among men but less frequent in women. Transitional cell carcinoma is the major histologic type in industrialized countries, while squamous cell carcinoma is a common ...
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Bladder cancer is common among men but less frequent in women. Transitional cell carcinoma is the major histologic type in industrialized countries, while squamous cell carcinoma is a common histologic form in developing countries with a high prevalence of S. haematobium. Tobacco is by far the main cause of bladder cancer responsible for about one-third to two-thirds of all bladder cancers in different parts of the world. Occupational exposure, particularly to aromatic amines and possibly to PAHs, may play a substantial role in perhaps 10% of bladder cancers. Persons with the slow NAT2 genotype and GSTM1 null genotype are at increased risk. Fresh fruits and vegetables and higher total fluid intake may be protective factors in this cancer. Heavy coffee consumption is possibly associated with a modest excess risk, but the evidence is inconclusive. There is clear evidence that artificial sweeteners are not associated with an excess risk.Less
Bladder cancer is common among men but less frequent in women. Transitional cell carcinoma is the major histologic type in industrialized countries, while squamous cell carcinoma is a common histologic form in developing countries with a high prevalence of S. haematobium. Tobacco is by far the main cause of bladder cancer responsible for about one-third to two-thirds of all bladder cancers in different parts of the world. Occupational exposure, particularly to aromatic amines and possibly to PAHs, may play a substantial role in perhaps 10% of bladder cancers. Persons with the slow NAT2 genotype and GSTM1 null genotype are at increased risk. Fresh fruits and vegetables and higher total fluid intake may be protective factors in this cancer. Heavy coffee consumption is possibly associated with a modest excess risk, but the evidence is inconclusive. There is clear evidence that artificial sweeteners are not associated with an excess risk.
Deborah Madison
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469638553
- eISBN:
- 9781469641454
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469638553.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
Deborah Madison, food author and chef specializing in vegetarian cuisine, recalls her first and only encounter with “Miss Lewis” at a lunch with shared friends in Georgia. She pens her regrets of not ...
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Deborah Madison, food author and chef specializing in vegetarian cuisine, recalls her first and only encounter with “Miss Lewis” at a lunch with shared friends in Georgia. She pens her regrets of not pursuing a closer relationship with the woman, but shares the memory in vivid detail.Less
Deborah Madison, food author and chef specializing in vegetarian cuisine, recalls her first and only encounter with “Miss Lewis” at a lunch with shared friends in Georgia. She pens her regrets of not pursuing a closer relationship with the woman, but shares the memory in vivid detail.
Jason Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9789774245251
- eISBN:
- 9781617970160
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774245251.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This chapter gives a general description of Egypt and the Nile. It talks about the length and breadth of the valley of Egypt and of the plain of Lower Egypt. It gives a detailed account of the ...
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This chapter gives a general description of Egypt and the Nile. It talks about the length and breadth of the valley of Egypt and of the plain of Lower Egypt. It gives a detailed account of the cultivable land and the extent of the land cultivated at present. It further remarks upon the Nile, the climate of Egypt, and Egyptian agriculture. It describes the machines used for the purpose of irrigating the land; and the manner of irrigating. Furthermore, the amazing fertility of Egypt appears from the account of its principal vegetable productions. To complete this sketch of the natural history of Egypt, a few words are also added respecting the principal domestic and wild animals. Finally, this chapter concludes with a physical and agricultural calendar of Egypt.Less
This chapter gives a general description of Egypt and the Nile. It talks about the length and breadth of the valley of Egypt and of the plain of Lower Egypt. It gives a detailed account of the cultivable land and the extent of the land cultivated at present. It further remarks upon the Nile, the climate of Egypt, and Egyptian agriculture. It describes the machines used for the purpose of irrigating the land; and the manner of irrigating. Furthermore, the amazing fertility of Egypt appears from the account of its principal vegetable productions. To complete this sketch of the natural history of Egypt, a few words are also added respecting the principal domestic and wild animals. Finally, this chapter concludes with a physical and agricultural calendar of Egypt.
Diane Singerman
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774162886
- eISBN:
- 9781617970351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774162886.003.0015
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter investigates the Egyptian government's decision to relocate the wholesale fruit and vegetable market from Rod al-Farag to a “modern”, gleaming, new market seven times bigger and located ...
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This chapter investigates the Egyptian government's decision to relocate the wholesale fruit and vegetable market from Rod al-Farag to a “modern”, gleaming, new market seven times bigger and located more than twenty kilometers away, near Cairo's international airport. It is not only explains the neoliberal logic that was behind the market's ultimately violent closure, but it also reveals in stark detail the failure of neo-classical models to understand the workings of the Rod al-Farag market. It is very instructive for its appreciation of the social construction of knowledge and the ways in which abstract categories such as “the market” or the “the free market” are deployed to legitimize and implement neoliberal policies. In the summer and autumn of 1994, Cairo experienced tremendous price hikes for fruit and vegetables. Isolated changes in marketing infrastructure are hardly enough to dissolve existing power relations in real markets.Less
This chapter investigates the Egyptian government's decision to relocate the wholesale fruit and vegetable market from Rod al-Farag to a “modern”, gleaming, new market seven times bigger and located more than twenty kilometers away, near Cairo's international airport. It is not only explains the neoliberal logic that was behind the market's ultimately violent closure, but it also reveals in stark detail the failure of neo-classical models to understand the workings of the Rod al-Farag market. It is very instructive for its appreciation of the social construction of knowledge and the ways in which abstract categories such as “the market” or the “the free market” are deployed to legitimize and implement neoliberal policies. In the summer and autumn of 1994, Cairo experienced tremendous price hikes for fruit and vegetables. Isolated changes in marketing infrastructure are hardly enough to dissolve existing power relations in real markets.
Michael Ainger
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195147698
- eISBN:
- 9780199849437
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195147698.003.0016
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
As a cult, aestheticism achieved notoriety through Oscar Wilde at Oxford in the late 1870s. In 1878, Wilde had attended a fancy dress ball wearing plum-red breeches and silk stockings, and at one ...
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As a cult, aestheticism achieved notoriety through Oscar Wilde at Oxford in the late 1870s. In 1878, Wilde had attended a fancy dress ball wearing plum-red breeches and silk stockings, and at one time had filled his rooms at Oxford with lilies. He was the subject of a series of cartoons by George Du Maurier in Punch, and was the most notorious example of the new fad of aestheticism, which carried its own vocabulary. It was clear to William Gilbert that he could give his audience more to laugh at by satirizing Wilde and the aesthetes than ever he could from ridiculing two clergymen. Adapting the plot and the lyrics he had already written, changing the character of Patience from the village schoolmistress to the village milkmaid, Gilbert then embarked on the rest of the lyrics for his aesthetic theme, extending the aesthetic passion for flowers to the vegetable kingdom in general.Less
As a cult, aestheticism achieved notoriety through Oscar Wilde at Oxford in the late 1870s. In 1878, Wilde had attended a fancy dress ball wearing plum-red breeches and silk stockings, and at one time had filled his rooms at Oxford with lilies. He was the subject of a series of cartoons by George Du Maurier in Punch, and was the most notorious example of the new fad of aestheticism, which carried its own vocabulary. It was clear to William Gilbert that he could give his audience more to laugh at by satirizing Wilde and the aesthetes than ever he could from ridiculing two clergymen. Adapting the plot and the lyrics he had already written, changing the character of Patience from the village schoolmistress to the village milkmaid, Gilbert then embarked on the rest of the lyrics for his aesthetic theme, extending the aesthetic passion for flowers to the vegetable kingdom in general.
Jean Bottéro
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748613878
- eISBN:
- 9780748653584
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748613878.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter discusses the existence of the oldest cuisine in the world. There remains Mesopotamia. It establishes an impressive inventory of the goods that formed the ancient Mesopotamians' everyday ...
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This chapter discusses the existence of the oldest cuisine in the world. There remains Mesopotamia. It establishes an impressive inventory of the goods that formed the ancient Mesopotamians' everyday fare: cereals, various vegetables, fruit. All these indigenous ingredients were so varied that the Mesopotamians never imported from abroad, so to speak, in spite of the intensity and geographical extent of their trade even before the third millennium. Archaeologists have unearthed many remains of a very abundant range of kitchen utensils, with the names of several containers and culinary utensils of all kinds. These are all data which enable one, a priori to some extent, to assume that very diversified techniques and almost infinite combinations of treatments for preparing food were used in that ancient country: in short, an authentic ‘cuisine’.Less
This chapter discusses the existence of the oldest cuisine in the world. There remains Mesopotamia. It establishes an impressive inventory of the goods that formed the ancient Mesopotamians' everyday fare: cereals, various vegetables, fruit. All these indigenous ingredients were so varied that the Mesopotamians never imported from abroad, so to speak, in spite of the intensity and geographical extent of their trade even before the third millennium. Archaeologists have unearthed many remains of a very abundant range of kitchen utensils, with the names of several containers and culinary utensils of all kinds. These are all data which enable one, a priori to some extent, to assume that very diversified techniques and almost infinite combinations of treatments for preparing food were used in that ancient country: in short, an authentic ‘cuisine’.
Jules Pretty
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501709333
- eISBN:
- 9781501709340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501709333.003.0007
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter details the east country in July, looking at a nuclear power station in Sizewell. Once a fishing village and a remote smugglers' spot, Sizewell has been known for fifty years for the ...
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This chapter details the east country in July, looking at a nuclear power station in Sizewell. Once a fishing village and a remote smugglers' spot, Sizewell has been known for fifty years for the hint of nuclear fear. The chapter then turns to the farmlets of Albion. In the Second World War, allotments were vital for the Dig for Victory campaign, swelling in number to two million. The ministry printed pamphlets on growing the exotic potato, the carrot and onion, and encouraged the formation of pig clubs. Vegetable rows appeared on bomb plot, front garden, village green, rail line side strip, and airfield. Postwar they fell away. Today, some 300,000 plots remain. The chapter also recounts a heat wave, when the poppy died and some roads were cheaply repaired patch by plastered patch.Less
This chapter details the east country in July, looking at a nuclear power station in Sizewell. Once a fishing village and a remote smugglers' spot, Sizewell has been known for fifty years for the hint of nuclear fear. The chapter then turns to the farmlets of Albion. In the Second World War, allotments were vital for the Dig for Victory campaign, swelling in number to two million. The ministry printed pamphlets on growing the exotic potato, the carrot and onion, and encouraged the formation of pig clubs. Vegetable rows appeared on bomb plot, front garden, village green, rail line side strip, and airfield. Postwar they fell away. Today, some 300,000 plots remain. The chapter also recounts a heat wave, when the poppy died and some roads were cheaply repaired patch by plastered patch.
Derek Byerlee, Walter P. Falcon, and Rosamond L. Naylor
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190222987
- eISBN:
- 9780190223014
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190222987.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Findings presented thus far are used to analyze trade and markets in vegetable oils. Particular attention is given to the dramatic liberalization of trade and the resulting surge in imports of ...
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Findings presented thus far are used to analyze trade and markets in vegetable oils. Particular attention is given to the dramatic liberalization of trade and the resulting surge in imports of oilseeds and their derivatives by the large countries in Asia. Price formation in vegetable oil markets is reviewed, with particular attention paid to the role of substitution among the various oils. Finally, future prospects are analyzed, and quantitative projections of oil and oilseeds to 2050 are provided.Less
Findings presented thus far are used to analyze trade and markets in vegetable oils. Particular attention is given to the dramatic liberalization of trade and the resulting surge in imports of oilseeds and their derivatives by the large countries in Asia. Price formation in vegetable oil markets is reviewed, with particular attention paid to the role of substitution among the various oils. Finally, future prospects are analyzed, and quantitative projections of oil and oilseeds to 2050 are provided.
Christopher R. Henke
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262083737
- eISBN:
- 9780262275286
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262083737.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
Just south of San Francisco lies California’s Salinas Valley, the heart of a multi-billion dollar agricultural industry that dominates U. S. vegetable production. How did this sleepy valley become ...
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Just south of San Francisco lies California’s Salinas Valley, the heart of a multi-billion dollar agricultural industry that dominates U. S. vegetable production. How did this sleepy valley become the nation’s “salad bowl?” This book explores the ways that science helped build the Salinas Valley and California’s broader farm industry. The author focuses on the case of University of California “farm advisors,” scientists stationed in counties throughout the state who have stepped forward to help growers deal with crises ranging from labor shortages to plagues of insects. These disruptions in what he terms industrial agriculture’s “ecology of power” provide a window into how agricultural scientists and growers have collaborated—and struggled—in shaping this industry. Through these interventions, science has served as a mechanism of repair for industrial agriculture. Basing his analysis on detailed ethnographic and historical research, the author examines the history of state-sponsored farm advising—in particular, its roots in Progressive Era politics—and looks at both past and present practices by farm advisors in the Salinas Valley. He goes on to examine specific examples, including the resolution of a farm labor crisis during World War II at the Spreckels Sugar Company, the use of field trials for promoting new farming practices, and farm advisors’ and growers’ responses to environmental issues. Beyond this, the book argues that the concept of repair is broadly applicable to other cases and that expertise can be deployed more generally to encourage change for the future of American agriculture.Less
Just south of San Francisco lies California’s Salinas Valley, the heart of a multi-billion dollar agricultural industry that dominates U. S. vegetable production. How did this sleepy valley become the nation’s “salad bowl?” This book explores the ways that science helped build the Salinas Valley and California’s broader farm industry. The author focuses on the case of University of California “farm advisors,” scientists stationed in counties throughout the state who have stepped forward to help growers deal with crises ranging from labor shortages to plagues of insects. These disruptions in what he terms industrial agriculture’s “ecology of power” provide a window into how agricultural scientists and growers have collaborated—and struggled—in shaping this industry. Through these interventions, science has served as a mechanism of repair for industrial agriculture. Basing his analysis on detailed ethnographic and historical research, the author examines the history of state-sponsored farm advising—in particular, its roots in Progressive Era politics—and looks at both past and present practices by farm advisors in the Salinas Valley. He goes on to examine specific examples, including the resolution of a farm labor crisis during World War II at the Spreckels Sugar Company, the use of field trials for promoting new farming practices, and farm advisors’ and growers’ responses to environmental issues. Beyond this, the book argues that the concept of repair is broadly applicable to other cases and that expertise can be deployed more generally to encourage change for the future of American agriculture.
Philip Martin
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300139174
- eISBN:
- 9780300156003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300139174.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter examines the role of migrant workers in harvesting California's fruit and vegetable crops. It analyzes the interrelationships between immigration, farm employment, and poverty, and ...
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This chapter examines the role of migrant workers in harvesting California's fruit and vegetable crops. It analyzes the interrelationships between immigration, farm employment, and poverty, and demonstrates that increases in farm jobs can also increase both immigration and poverty.Less
This chapter examines the role of migrant workers in harvesting California's fruit and vegetable crops. It analyzes the interrelationships between immigration, farm employment, and poverty, and demonstrates that increases in farm jobs can also increase both immigration and poverty.
