Lisa Kemmerer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199790678
- eISBN:
- 9780199919178
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199790678.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The conclusion reiterates the intent, focus, and parameters of the book, and revisits the distinction between animal welfare and animal liberation. The conclusion offers two formal arguments based on ...
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The conclusion reiterates the intent, focus, and parameters of the book, and revisits the distinction between animal welfare and animal liberation. The conclusion offers two formal arguments based on information presented throughout the book, affirming both the religious requirement for a vegan diet and encouraging animal activism and animal liberation. After offering an explanation as to why few people are aware of the animal-friendly nature of religious traditions, the conclusion outlines five compelling reasons to change our consumption habits and adopt a plant-based diet. The book concludes by affirming the positive power of religious commitment.Less
The conclusion reiterates the intent, focus, and parameters of the book, and revisits the distinction between animal welfare and animal liberation. The conclusion offers two formal arguments based on information presented throughout the book, affirming both the religious requirement for a vegan diet and encouraging animal activism and animal liberation. After offering an explanation as to why few people are aware of the animal-friendly nature of religious traditions, the conclusion outlines five compelling reasons to change our consumption habits and adopt a plant-based diet. The book concludes by affirming the positive power of religious commitment.
Lasana T. Harris
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035965
- eISBN:
- 9780262339049
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035965.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
The fourth chapter argues that explanation may be the function of social cognition, aiding survival and driving human evolution. It explores the psychological literature on anthropomorphism—instances ...
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The fourth chapter argues that explanation may be the function of social cognition, aiding survival and driving human evolution. It explores the psychological literature on anthropomorphism—instances where people bring non-human agents and entities to life by engaging social cognition—and describes it as a type of ‘magical’ or imaginary thinking. It then contrasts this ability with dehumanizing people, describing the brain mechanisms enabling dehumanization, and the functions of withholding social cognition to people. It then considers extending social cognition to animals as a domain where the flexible nature of social cognition is revealed. Finally, it implicates explanation as a causal factor in intractable group conflict.Less
The fourth chapter argues that explanation may be the function of social cognition, aiding survival and driving human evolution. It explores the psychological literature on anthropomorphism—instances where people bring non-human agents and entities to life by engaging social cognition—and describes it as a type of ‘magical’ or imaginary thinking. It then contrasts this ability with dehumanizing people, describing the brain mechanisms enabling dehumanization, and the functions of withholding social cognition to people. It then considers extending social cognition to animals as a domain where the flexible nature of social cognition is revealed. Finally, it implicates explanation as a causal factor in intractable group conflict.
John Kinsella
Niall Lucy (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846314698
- eISBN:
- 9781846316142
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/UPO9781846316142
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
John Kinsella is known internationally as the acclaimed author of more than thirty books of poetry and prose, but in tandem with — and often directly through — his creative and critical work, ...
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John Kinsella is known internationally as the acclaimed author of more than thirty books of poetry and prose, but in tandem with — and often directly through — his creative and critical work, Kinsella is also a prominent activist. In this book the vegan anarchist pacifist poet claims that poetry can act as a vital form of resistance to a variety of social and ethical ills, in particular ecological damage and abuse. Kinsella builds on his earlier notion of ‘linguistic disobedience’ evolving out of civil disobedience, and critiques the figurative qualities of his poems in a context of resistance. The book includes explorations of anarchism, veganism, pacifism and ecological poetics. For Kinsella all poetry is political and can be a call to action.Less
John Kinsella is known internationally as the acclaimed author of more than thirty books of poetry and prose, but in tandem with — and often directly through — his creative and critical work, Kinsella is also a prominent activist. In this book the vegan anarchist pacifist poet claims that poetry can act as a vital form of resistance to a variety of social and ethical ills, in particular ecological damage and abuse. Kinsella builds on his earlier notion of ‘linguistic disobedience’ evolving out of civil disobedience, and critiques the figurative qualities of his poems in a context of resistance. The book includes explorations of anarchism, veganism, pacifism and ecological poetics. For Kinsella all poetry is political and can be a call to action.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846314698
- eISBN:
- 9781846316142
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846314698.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
This chapter explains Kinsella's views about pacificism. He believes that pacifism extends to all living creatures: he does not eat them, does not consciously exploit them, and does not make ...
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This chapter explains Kinsella's views about pacificism. He believes that pacifism extends to all living creatures: he does not eat them, does not consciously exploit them, and does not make tangential use of them through by-products. His pacifism is synonymous with his veganism and anarchism.Less
This chapter explains Kinsella's views about pacificism. He believes that pacifism extends to all living creatures: he does not eat them, does not consciously exploit them, and does not make tangential use of them through by-products. His pacifism is synonymous with his veganism and anarchism.
Alex V. Barnard
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816698110
- eISBN:
- 9781452954295
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816698110.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
Chapter 2 follows the trajectories of individual freegans into the movement. It explores freegans’ gradual disillusionment with “ethical consumption,” their first exposure to waste, and the shocks to ...
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Chapter 2 follows the trajectories of individual freegans into the movement. It explores freegans’ gradual disillusionment with “ethical consumption,” their first exposure to waste, and the shocks to their consciences that led many of them to quit their jobs, leave their apartments, and become full-time activists.Less
Chapter 2 follows the trajectories of individual freegans into the movement. It explores freegans’ gradual disillusionment with “ethical consumption,” their first exposure to waste, and the shocks to their consciences that led many of them to quit their jobs, leave their apartments, and become full-time activists.
Kathy Rudy
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816674688
- eISBN:
- 9781452947433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816674688.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Ethical Issues and Debates
This chapter explores the debate over the consumption of animals. The vast majority of our animal products come from “factory farms” or CAFOs (confined or concentrated animal feeding operations): ...
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This chapter explores the debate over the consumption of animals. The vast majority of our animal products come from “factory farms” or CAFOs (confined or concentrated animal feeding operations): these industrial operations house our food animals in automated cages, tin sheds, and feedlots where animals are packed in at astounding rates. Fortunately, there is a revolution about food happening in the United States today and it has to do with farmers’ markets. However, many strong animal rights advocates reject this movement of growing meat on pasture, insisting that veganism is the only necessary or adequate response. This chapter argues that it is not wrong to consume animals that have a happy, drug-free, and relatively long life, along with their products like eggs and milk, as long as those are harvested morally; that we can resist the heartlessness of late capitalism by renewing our commitment to good food and to our food animals; and that it’s not that we eat animals but how we treat them that makes all the difference in the world.Less
This chapter explores the debate over the consumption of animals. The vast majority of our animal products come from “factory farms” or CAFOs (confined or concentrated animal feeding operations): these industrial operations house our food animals in automated cages, tin sheds, and feedlots where animals are packed in at astounding rates. Fortunately, there is a revolution about food happening in the United States today and it has to do with farmers’ markets. However, many strong animal rights advocates reject this movement of growing meat on pasture, insisting that veganism is the only necessary or adequate response. This chapter argues that it is not wrong to consume animals that have a happy, drug-free, and relatively long life, along with their products like eggs and milk, as long as those are harvested morally; that we can resist the heartlessness of late capitalism by renewing our commitment to good food and to our food animals; and that it’s not that we eat animals but how we treat them that makes all the difference in the world.
Josh Milburn
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- February 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190456085
- eISBN:
- 9780190456108
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456085.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, General
Animal lovers normally contribute to significant harm inflicted upon nonhuman animals. This is because dogs and cats are fed animal-derived foods, which are the product of death and suffering. This ...
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Animal lovers normally contribute to significant harm inflicted upon nonhuman animals. This is because dogs and cats are fed animal-derived foods, which are the product of death and suffering. This chapter presents an argument suggesting that, typically, people have an obligation to feed their companions a vegan diet. The claim is then defended against three challenges—from dignity, naturalness, and freedom, respectively—that are unsuccessful. A final challenge, from health, is more problematic, and a four-pronged approach to companion veganism is defended. For dogs, people’s moral and political obligations roughly coincide: individually and collectively, people should switch their dogs to vegan diets. For cats, people’s obligations diverge: while individually they should minimize the impact of their companions’ diets, as members of society they have an obligation to come to a greater understanding of how the negative impact of cats’ diets can be fully eliminated.Less
Animal lovers normally contribute to significant harm inflicted upon nonhuman animals. This is because dogs and cats are fed animal-derived foods, which are the product of death and suffering. This chapter presents an argument suggesting that, typically, people have an obligation to feed their companions a vegan diet. The claim is then defended against three challenges—from dignity, naturalness, and freedom, respectively—that are unsuccessful. A final challenge, from health, is more problematic, and a four-pronged approach to companion veganism is defended. For dogs, people’s moral and political obligations roughly coincide: individually and collectively, people should switch their dogs to vegan diets. For cats, people’s obligations diverge: while individually they should minimize the impact of their companions’ diets, as members of society they have an obligation to come to a greater understanding of how the negative impact of cats’ diets can be fully eliminated.
Maurice Hamington
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- February 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190456085
- eISBN:
- 9780190456108
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456085.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, General
This chapter contends that our companion animal relationships foment the development of care ethics and, moreover, provide the habit and skill needed for moral progress. Responsiveness is essential ...
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This chapter contends that our companion animal relationships foment the development of care ethics and, moreover, provide the habit and skill needed for moral progress. Responsiveness is essential to caring. The lack of narrative in relationships with companion animals requires a heightened level of non-linguistic responsiveness (such as through touch) as well as an increased effort at empathetic imagination. The habits of attunement needed for interspecies care, if meaningfully engaged, point to an openness to moral progress. These relationships are not governed by abstract rules that support a static standard of normativity. However, care does not imply relativism, as it is guided by effective response. The notion of care employed draws from feminist theory but emphasizes care’s embodied and performative aspects. Allowing embodied care for animals to enter our moral imaginations, such as through informed anthropomorphism, suggests a means for moral progress with provocative implications. One such implication is ethical veganism.Less
This chapter contends that our companion animal relationships foment the development of care ethics and, moreover, provide the habit and skill needed for moral progress. Responsiveness is essential to caring. The lack of narrative in relationships with companion animals requires a heightened level of non-linguistic responsiveness (such as through touch) as well as an increased effort at empathetic imagination. The habits of attunement needed for interspecies care, if meaningfully engaged, point to an openness to moral progress. These relationships are not governed by abstract rules that support a static standard of normativity. However, care does not imply relativism, as it is guided by effective response. The notion of care employed draws from feminist theory but emphasizes care’s embodied and performative aspects. Allowing embodied care for animals to enter our moral imaginations, such as through informed anthropomorphism, suggests a means for moral progress with provocative implications. One such implication is ethical veganism.
Lori Gruen and Robert C. Jones
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- December 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199353903
- eISBN:
- 9780199353934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199353903.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, General
Given the violence, objectification, domination, commodification, and oppression inherent in industrialized food production, some conscientious consumers have adopted vegan practices. This chapter ...
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Given the violence, objectification, domination, commodification, and oppression inherent in industrialized food production, some conscientious consumers have adopted vegan practices. This chapter discusses two conceptions of veganism, lifestyle/identity veganism, VI, and veganism as a goal/aspiration, VA. It argues that due to conceptual and practical flaws with VI, conscientious consumers should adopt VA. It considers and rejects the so-called compassionate carnivore movement. It then explores arguments denying the casual efficacy of adopting any form of veganism. It concludes that VA can make a difference, and those in consumer cultures are obligated to adopt and practice it.Less
Given the violence, objectification, domination, commodification, and oppression inherent in industrialized food production, some conscientious consumers have adopted vegan practices. This chapter discusses two conceptions of veganism, lifestyle/identity veganism, VI, and veganism as a goal/aspiration, VA. It argues that due to conceptual and practical flaws with VI, conscientious consumers should adopt VA. It considers and rejects the so-called compassionate carnivore movement. It then explores arguments denying the casual efficacy of adopting any form of veganism. It concludes that VA can make a difference, and those in consumer cultures are obligated to adopt and practice it.
Matthew C. Halteman
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199915453
- eISBN:
- 9780190248383
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199915453.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
In a world where meat is often a token of comfort, health, hospitality, and abundance, one can be forgiven for raising an eyebrow at the conjunction “meat and evil.” From another perspective, the ...
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In a world where meat is often a token of comfort, health, hospitality, and abundance, one can be forgiven for raising an eyebrow at the conjunction “meat and evil.” From another perspective, the problem is obvious: meat—the flesh of slaughtered animals taken for food—is the remnant of a feeling creature who was recently alive and whose death was premature, violent, and often gratuitous. The truth is that meat has a checkered history in the west. From its origin-story in Abrahamic religion to its industrial production today, meat is well-marbled with evil and its minions: sin, violence, injustice, destruction, suffering, and death. My aim is to consider meat’s fitness for a place in the Western history of evil by reflecting on its outsized roles at the bookends of this narrative: meat’s primeval history in Genesis, and its contribution today to ethical and environmental problems of arguably apocalyptic proportions.Less
In a world where meat is often a token of comfort, health, hospitality, and abundance, one can be forgiven for raising an eyebrow at the conjunction “meat and evil.” From another perspective, the problem is obvious: meat—the flesh of slaughtered animals taken for food—is the remnant of a feeling creature who was recently alive and whose death was premature, violent, and often gratuitous. The truth is that meat has a checkered history in the west. From its origin-story in Abrahamic religion to its industrial production today, meat is well-marbled with evil and its minions: sin, violence, injustice, destruction, suffering, and death. My aim is to consider meat’s fitness for a place in the Western history of evil by reflecting on its outsized roles at the bookends of this narrative: meat’s primeval history in Genesis, and its contribution today to ethical and environmental problems of arguably apocalyptic proportions.
