Elke Beyer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801449918
- eISBN:
- 9780801463211
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801449918.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Russian and Former Soviet Union History
This chapter examines how planning for mobility, especially automobility, shaped designs for city centers in the USSR and the German Democratic Republic (GDR) during the 1960s. Taking the first ...
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This chapter examines how planning for mobility, especially automobility, shaped designs for city centers in the USSR and the German Democratic Republic (GDR) during the 1960s. Taking the first All-Union Conference on Urban Planning held in Moscow in 1960, it traces the evolution of urbanist debates in the architectural press and the urban design practice of the two countries. It discusses the general plans for Togliatti in 1968 and Moscow in 1971, both of which represented official approval of a definitive model for the modern Soviet city, and situates the fragmentary realization of these plans within the context of urbanism. The chapter also considers conceptions of space and “utopias of usage” at the root of urban planning and how central urban spaces were engineered and represented as spaces of movement.Less
This chapter examines how planning for mobility, especially automobility, shaped designs for city centers in the USSR and the German Democratic Republic (GDR) during the 1960s. Taking the first All-Union Conference on Urban Planning held in Moscow in 1960, it traces the evolution of urbanist debates in the architectural press and the urban design practice of the two countries. It discusses the general plans for Togliatti in 1968 and Moscow in 1971, both of which represented official approval of a definitive model for the modern Soviet city, and situates the fragmentary realization of these plans within the context of urbanism. The chapter also considers conceptions of space and “utopias of usage” at the root of urban planning and how central urban spaces were engineered and represented as spaces of movement.
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853235392
- eISBN:
- 9781846314643
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780853235392.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This introductory chapter begins by describing what garden festivals are and how they raise awareness of urban land issues and design. It then outlines the four stages of the festival process. First, ...
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This introductory chapter begins by describing what garden festivals are and how they raise awareness of urban land issues and design. It then outlines the four stages of the festival process. First, there is site acquisition and reclamation, including infrastructure development and the establishment of landscape design and site masterplan. The second stage centres on scheduling, marketing, publicity, and promotion. The third stage is the festival period itself, while the final stage involves festival closure and the dismantling of the site, the dissolution of the festival company and the sale of targeted assets. The discussions then turn to festival economics; sanctioning of festivals; the connection between garden festivals and local planning policies, festivals as exhibitions, and the impact of festivals on urban life.Less
This introductory chapter begins by describing what garden festivals are and how they raise awareness of urban land issues and design. It then outlines the four stages of the festival process. First, there is site acquisition and reclamation, including infrastructure development and the establishment of landscape design and site masterplan. The second stage centres on scheduling, marketing, publicity, and promotion. The third stage is the festival period itself, while the final stage involves festival closure and the dismantling of the site, the dissolution of the festival company and the sale of targeted assets. The discussions then turn to festival economics; sanctioning of festivals; the connection between garden festivals and local planning policies, festivals as exhibitions, and the impact of festivals on urban life.
Gwendolyn Wright
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520205406
- eISBN:
- 9780520918085
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520205406.003.0010
- Subject:
- Anthropology, European Cultural Anthropology
This chapter explores urbanism and architecture under French colonial policy during the period from 1900 to 1930, and discusses how urban design can be allied with power, relying on the support of ...
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This chapter explores urbanism and architecture under French colonial policy during the period from 1900 to 1930, and discusses how urban design can be allied with power, relying on the support of political administrators and using artistic skills to further political goals. It cites examples of French colonial architecture in the works of Le Corbusier, and concludes that the historical experience of French imperialism suggests the kind of questions one must ask when analyzing the intentions and effects of Western-sponsored urban reforms.Less
This chapter explores urbanism and architecture under French colonial policy during the period from 1900 to 1930, and discusses how urban design can be allied with power, relying on the support of political administrators and using artistic skills to further political goals. It cites examples of French colonial architecture in the works of Le Corbusier, and concludes that the historical experience of French imperialism suggests the kind of questions one must ask when analyzing the intentions and effects of Western-sponsored urban reforms.
Clara Irazábal
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032818
- eISBN:
- 9780813039275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032818.003.0010
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter examines urban design and planning projects and processes in Curitiba, Brazil, which have been taking place since the 1960s. It discusses some political and institutional factors that ...
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This chapter examines urban design and planning projects and processes in Curitiba, Brazil, which have been taking place since the 1960s. It discusses some political and institutional factors that have facilitated the development of Curitiba's planning process, and some current urban governance and planning problems the city is facing. It argues that the institution of more effective citizen involvement in Curitiba's decision making is the way to relegitimize and continue the processes of urban design and planning that had such a brilliant start in the 1960s and a commendable implementation record from the 1970s to the early 1990s.Less
This chapter examines urban design and planning projects and processes in Curitiba, Brazil, which have been taking place since the 1960s. It discusses some political and institutional factors that have facilitated the development of Curitiba's planning process, and some current urban governance and planning problems the city is facing. It argues that the institution of more effective citizen involvement in Curitiba's decision making is the way to relegitimize and continue the processes of urban design and planning that had such a brilliant start in the 1960s and a commendable implementation record from the 1970s to the early 1990s.
Carlos Leite
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032818
- eISBN:
- 9780813039275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032818.003.0012
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter examines the concept of contemporary urban interventions in São Paulo Paulo, Brazil. It analyzes the city's process of territorial transformation and the new possibilities for urban ...
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This chapter examines the concept of contemporary urban interventions in São Paulo Paulo, Brazil. It analyzes the city's process of territorial transformation and the new possibilities for urban intervention and design and discusses three recent complementary urban interventions. It also attempts to answers questions concerning the ability of urban design to rescue immense degraded historic areas without creating scenic simulacra and the management of wastelands in the context of urbanism.Less
This chapter examines the concept of contemporary urban interventions in São Paulo Paulo, Brazil. It analyzes the city's process of territorial transformation and the new possibilities for urban intervention and design and discusses three recent complementary urban interventions. It also attempts to answers questions concerning the ability of urban design to rescue immense degraded historic areas without creating scenic simulacra and the management of wastelands in the context of urbanism.
Adrian Parr
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748627547
- eISBN:
- 9780748652433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748627547.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter examines how traumatic memory can impact upon the vitality of the urban landscape as in the case of Ground Zero using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's concepts of smooth and striated ...
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This chapter examines how traumatic memory can impact upon the vitality of the urban landscape as in the case of Ground Zero using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's concepts of smooth and striated space. It investigates what happens to the transcultural movement of an urban context once we begin to reduce that context to a problem of risk management, and discusses the security issues considered in the design of the Freedom Tower. The chapter contends that urban design has started turning things inside out a little more to distribute friendliness and imagine places filled with life in all its messiness, colour, taste, smelliness, complexity and restlessness.Less
This chapter examines how traumatic memory can impact upon the vitality of the urban landscape as in the case of Ground Zero using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's concepts of smooth and striated space. It investigates what happens to the transcultural movement of an urban context once we begin to reduce that context to a problem of risk management, and discusses the security issues considered in the design of the Freedom Tower. The chapter contends that urban design has started turning things inside out a little more to distribute friendliness and imagine places filled with life in all its messiness, colour, taste, smelliness, complexity and restlessness.
Seth Magle
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198753629
- eISBN:
- 9780191815225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198753629.003.0007
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology
As our planet continues to urbanise, an increasing abundance and diversity of wildlife find ways to persist within cities and towns. I summarise general patterns of urban wildlife and also describe ...
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As our planet continues to urbanise, an increasing abundance and diversity of wildlife find ways to persist within cities and towns. I summarise general patterns of urban wildlife and also describe common interactions between people and wildlife in cities. Some of these encounters are very harmful, including property damage, transmission of disease, or attacks against humans or their pets. However, urban wildlife also have positive impacts on cities and urban residents, by providing ecosystem services such as pest control, and by inspiring a feeling of connection with nature. I discuss the implications of human attitudes for long-term coexistence between people and animals in cities, and point to areas for future research. As the biodiversity crisis continues to worsen, and as the planet continues to be modified by humans at an unprecedented rate, it is imperative that we make a place for wildlife within and near to our cities.Less
As our planet continues to urbanise, an increasing abundance and diversity of wildlife find ways to persist within cities and towns. I summarise general patterns of urban wildlife and also describe common interactions between people and wildlife in cities. Some of these encounters are very harmful, including property damage, transmission of disease, or attacks against humans or their pets. However, urban wildlife also have positive impacts on cities and urban residents, by providing ecosystem services such as pest control, and by inspiring a feeling of connection with nature. I discuss the implications of human attitudes for long-term coexistence between people and animals in cities, and point to areas for future research. As the biodiversity crisis continues to worsen, and as the planet continues to be modified by humans at an unprecedented rate, it is imperative that we make a place for wildlife within and near to our cities.
Sophie Handler
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447331315
- eISBN:
- 9781447331339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447331315.003.0011
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
Chapter 11 identifies new and creative ways in which architects, artists and designers might be drawn into debates around age-friendly urban practice. The chapter describes the way in which current ...
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Chapter 11 identifies new and creative ways in which architects, artists and designers might be drawn into debates around age-friendly urban practice. The chapter describes the way in which current understandings of age-friendly design are limited and how an emerging field of socially engaged design practice can be harnessed to reinvigorate the terms of age-friendly debate and practice – drawing a new generation of designers into conversation with age-friendly policy. By redefining what we mean by age-friendly design, it becomes possible, this chapter argues, to expand and invigorate the field of age-friendly practice, enabling creative practitioners to engage with and creatively inform age-friendly policymaking.Less
Chapter 11 identifies new and creative ways in which architects, artists and designers might be drawn into debates around age-friendly urban practice. The chapter describes the way in which current understandings of age-friendly design are limited and how an emerging field of socially engaged design practice can be harnessed to reinvigorate the terms of age-friendly debate and practice – drawing a new generation of designers into conversation with age-friendly policy. By redefining what we mean by age-friendly design, it becomes possible, this chapter argues, to expand and invigorate the field of age-friendly practice, enabling creative practitioners to engage with and creatively inform age-friendly policymaking.
Vicente del Rio
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032818
- eISBN:
- 9780813039275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032818.003.0011
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter discusses the concepts behind Projeto Rio Cidade, an urban redevelopment program launched in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1993 to revitalize commercial corridors and neighborhood centers ...
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This chapter discusses the concepts behind Projeto Rio Cidade, an urban redevelopment program launched in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1993 to revitalize commercial corridors and neighborhood centers through urban design interventions. Despite in rapid implementation and unusual methodology, Rio Cidade has had positive results and repercussions in Carioca daily life. It has achieved four great improvements in city life and design. These include the consolidation of the role of public urban space in providing sites for recreation and socialization and the promotion of a “culture” of urban projects that revitalize and transform the urban image.Less
This chapter discusses the concepts behind Projeto Rio Cidade, an urban redevelopment program launched in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1993 to revitalize commercial corridors and neighborhood centers through urban design interventions. Despite in rapid implementation and unusual methodology, Rio Cidade has had positive results and repercussions in Carioca daily life. It has achieved four great improvements in city life and design. These include the consolidation of the role of public urban space in providing sites for recreation and socialization and the promotion of a “culture” of urban projects that revitalize and transform the urban image.
Manish Chalana (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9789888208333
- eISBN:
- 9789888313471
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888208333.001.0001
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
Seemingly messy and chaotic, the landscapes and urban life of cities in Asia possess an order and hierarchy which often challenge understanding and appreciation. With a cross-disciplinary group of ...
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Seemingly messy and chaotic, the landscapes and urban life of cities in Asia possess an order and hierarchy which often challenge understanding and appreciation. With a cross-disciplinary group of authors, Messy Urbanism: Understanding the “Other” Cities of Asia examines a range of cases in Asia to explore the social and institutional politics of urban formality and the contexts in which this “messiness” emerges or is constructed. The book brings a distinct perspective to the broader patterns of informal urban orders and processes as well as their interplay with formalized systems and mechanisms. It also raises questions about the production of cities, cityscapes, and citizenship. Messy Urbanism will appeal to professionals, students, and scholars in the fields of urban studies, architecture, landscape architecture, planning and policy, as well as Asian studies.Less
Seemingly messy and chaotic, the landscapes and urban life of cities in Asia possess an order and hierarchy which often challenge understanding and appreciation. With a cross-disciplinary group of authors, Messy Urbanism: Understanding the “Other” Cities of Asia examines a range of cases in Asia to explore the social and institutional politics of urban formality and the contexts in which this “messiness” emerges or is constructed. The book brings a distinct perspective to the broader patterns of informal urban orders and processes as well as their interplay with formalized systems and mechanisms. It also raises questions about the production of cities, cityscapes, and citizenship. Messy Urbanism will appeal to professionals, students, and scholars in the fields of urban studies, architecture, landscape architecture, planning and policy, as well as Asian studies.
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853235392
- eISBN:
- 9781846314643
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780853235392.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This chapter discusses the Dutch international horticultural exhibition or ‘Floriade’. It explains how the exhibition has closer links to existing land-use planning policies than counterpart events ...
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This chapter discusses the Dutch international horticultural exhibition or ‘Floriade’. It explains how the exhibition has closer links to existing land-use planning policies than counterpart events elsewhere. The discussions cover planning in the Netherlands; Dutch Urban Park Design; the first Floriade, Rotterdam 1960; the Amsterdam Floriades, 1972 and 1982; the Zoetermeer Floriade, 1992; the Haarlemmermeer Floriade, 2002; and the future of the Floriades.Less
This chapter discusses the Dutch international horticultural exhibition or ‘Floriade’. It explains how the exhibition has closer links to existing land-use planning policies than counterpart events elsewhere. The discussions cover planning in the Netherlands; Dutch Urban Park Design; the first Floriade, Rotterdam 1960; the Amsterdam Floriades, 1972 and 1982; the Zoetermeer Floriade, 1992; the Haarlemmermeer Floriade, 2002; and the future of the Floriades.
Sharon Haar
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816665648
- eISBN:
- 9781452946528
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816665648.003.0005
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural Theory and Criticism
This chapter details the various architectural considerations and nuances behind the construction of the urban campus of the time—the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle (UICC), so named because ...
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This chapter details the various architectural considerations and nuances behind the construction of the urban campus of the time—the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle (UICC), so named because of its being straddled by the city’s railways. The university had realized the dream that was built upon the original Hull-House site by creating an urban microcosm that emphasizes the students’ individualities, celebrating the diversity thriving within; however, it had also failed to fully encapsulate the more intimate sense of community that had been the hallmark of the Hull-House settlement. The UICC cloistered itself like another of its predecessors—the University of Chicago—while at the same time rejecting the latter’s spatial and architectural precedents. This arrangement allowed for the intersection between the modern university and the modern city, which was quite indicative of midcentury American urban design.Less
This chapter details the various architectural considerations and nuances behind the construction of the urban campus of the time—the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle (UICC), so named because of its being straddled by the city’s railways. The university had realized the dream that was built upon the original Hull-House site by creating an urban microcosm that emphasizes the students’ individualities, celebrating the diversity thriving within; however, it had also failed to fully encapsulate the more intimate sense of community that had been the hallmark of the Hull-House settlement. The UICC cloistered itself like another of its predecessors—the University of Chicago—while at the same time rejecting the latter’s spatial and architectural precedents. This arrangement allowed for the intersection between the modern university and the modern city, which was quite indicative of midcentury American urban design.
Annette Miae Kim
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226119229
- eISBN:
- 9780226119366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226119366.003.0001
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Urban Geography
This chapter introduces Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s sidewalk life as an exemplar case in the midst of the current global foment where governments and people are searching for new ways to use and ...
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This chapter introduces Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s sidewalk life as an exemplar case in the midst of the current global foment where governments and people are searching for new ways to use and govern this important public space. This chapter outlines fundamental epistemological problems that have been hindering our exploration of this terrain of opportunity and conflict: old boundaries between social science, physical space, and urban design disciplines and conceptual dichotomies such as public/private and formal/informal fail to address the conditions of rapid immigration and urbanization while often introducing perilous urban planning interventions. The basis for the rest of the book, the chapter overviews an alternative theoretical framework for understanding public space that integrates both its physicality and social structure: a) a spatialized ethnography is needed to uncover overlooked urban populations and actual, situated spatial practices rather than assumed ones, b) a rehabilitated property rights theory which views public space in terms of socially negotiated and enforced entitlements and liabilities between property owners, police, street vendors, and the general public and c) a critical cartography that maps new knowledge about urban space.Less
This chapter introduces Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’s sidewalk life as an exemplar case in the midst of the current global foment where governments and people are searching for new ways to use and govern this important public space. This chapter outlines fundamental epistemological problems that have been hindering our exploration of this terrain of opportunity and conflict: old boundaries between social science, physical space, and urban design disciplines and conceptual dichotomies such as public/private and formal/informal fail to address the conditions of rapid immigration and urbanization while often introducing perilous urban planning interventions. The basis for the rest of the book, the chapter overviews an alternative theoretical framework for understanding public space that integrates both its physicality and social structure: a) a spatialized ethnography is needed to uncover overlooked urban populations and actual, situated spatial practices rather than assumed ones, b) a rehabilitated property rights theory which views public space in terms of socially negotiated and enforced entitlements and liabilities between property owners, police, street vendors, and the general public and c) a critical cartography that maps new knowledge about urban space.
Gordon C.C. Douglas
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190691332
- eISBN:
- 9780190691349
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190691332.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
This chapter defines do-it-yourself urban design in detail. It does so first in contrast to existing social science perspectives (in sociology, criminology, art criticism, psychology, and critical ...
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This chapter defines do-it-yourself urban design in detail. It does so first in contrast to existing social science perspectives (in sociology, criminology, art criticism, psychology, and critical theory) on unauthorized urban space interventions more generally: place-based direct actions that challenge normative uses of particular urban spaces. It argues that DIY urban design is distinct in its intentions and its form. The chapter describes the process of inquiry and discovery at the outset of the research and initial observations. Definitions for other key terms, including informality and formality, are also given. Additional findings about the actions themselves and the people who create them flesh out the definition while introducing some points of distinction among types of DIY urban design activities. Three main categories of DIY urban design are described: spontaneous streetscaping, renegade renewal, and aspirational urbanism. The discussion raises many of the questions that guide the remainder of the study.Less
This chapter defines do-it-yourself urban design in detail. It does so first in contrast to existing social science perspectives (in sociology, criminology, art criticism, psychology, and critical theory) on unauthorized urban space interventions more generally: place-based direct actions that challenge normative uses of particular urban spaces. It argues that DIY urban design is distinct in its intentions and its form. The chapter describes the process of inquiry and discovery at the outset of the research and initial observations. Definitions for other key terms, including informality and formality, are also given. Additional findings about the actions themselves and the people who create them flesh out the definition while introducing some points of distinction among types of DIY urban design activities. Three main categories of DIY urban design are described: spontaneous streetscaping, renegade renewal, and aspirational urbanism. The discussion raises many of the questions that guide the remainder of the study.
Silvio Soares Macedo
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032818
- eISBN:
- 9780813039275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032818.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter examines the influence of modernism in the urban design of the vertical cityscape of São Paulo, Brazil. It considers the isolated tower on a lot and the complex of towers in a block as ...
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This chapter examines the influence of modernism in the urban design of the vertical cityscape of São Paulo, Brazil. It considers the isolated tower on a lot and the complex of towers in a block as the hegemonic models that resulted from the Brazilian modernist paradigm, and discusses how they have configured São Paulo 's contemporary cityscape. It suggests that the approval of urban legislation regulating verticalization in São Paulo in 1972 influenced the city's spatial organization by generating ample and generous private open spaces, fostering construction of shared facilities in such spaces and encouraging the creation of corporate plazas while discouraging excessively tall buildings.Less
This chapter examines the influence of modernism in the urban design of the vertical cityscape of São Paulo, Brazil. It considers the isolated tower on a lot and the complex of towers in a block as the hegemonic models that resulted from the Brazilian modernist paradigm, and discusses how they have configured São Paulo 's contemporary cityscape. It suggests that the approval of urban legislation regulating verticalization in São Paulo in 1972 influenced the city's spatial organization by generating ample and generous private open spaces, fostering construction of shared facilities in such spaces and encouraging the creation of corporate plazas while discouraging excessively tall buildings.
Alison Bick Hirsch
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816679782
- eISBN:
- 9781452948201
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816679782.003.0004
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural History
Chapter Three presents Halprin’s reliance on the “archetypal precedent of natural processes” to reorient people to their environment and reduce the barriers between humans and the natural world. The ...
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Chapter Three presents Halprin’s reliance on the “archetypal precedent of natural processes” to reorient people to their environment and reduce the barriers between humans and the natural world. The pioneering open space sequence in Portland, Oregon is the primary case study in this chapter, as it represents one of the best examples of his choreographic approach. Seattle Freeway Park serves as a comparative study of a later attempt to fulfill similar ideals.Less
Chapter Three presents Halprin’s reliance on the “archetypal precedent of natural processes” to reorient people to their environment and reduce the barriers between humans and the natural world. The pioneering open space sequence in Portland, Oregon is the primary case study in this chapter, as it represents one of the best examples of his choreographic approach. Seattle Freeway Park serves as a comparative study of a later attempt to fulfill similar ideals.
William Siembieda
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032818
- eISBN:
- 9780813039275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032818.003.0014
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the evolution of urbanism in Brazil. The results reveal that urban intervention projects have been used in Brazil to regenerate space ...
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This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the evolution of urbanism in Brazil. The results reveal that urban intervention projects have been used in Brazil to regenerate space and to open more opportunities to create and re-create the urban realm and that social inclusion projects were launched on the belief that government can use urbanism and the urban design process to respond to an existing territorial logic. The new towns of Brasília and Palmas demonstrate that modernism alone does not produce a better city; it simply yields a city with a distinct spatial structure based on formal principles.Less
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the evolution of urbanism in Brazil. The results reveal that urban intervention projects have been used in Brazil to regenerate space and to open more opportunities to create and re-create the urban realm and that social inclusion projects were launched on the belief that government can use urbanism and the urban design process to respond to an existing territorial logic. The new towns of Brasília and Palmas demonstrate that modernism alone does not produce a better city; it simply yields a city with a distinct spatial structure based on formal principles.
Gordon C.C. Douglas
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190691332
- eISBN:
- 9780190691349
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190691332.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
Chapter 6 looks at the world of official urban planning and placemaking, providing different perspectives on its relationship to DIY urbanism. Through the voices of professional planners, the chapter ...
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Chapter 6 looks at the world of official urban planning and placemaking, providing different perspectives on its relationship to DIY urbanism. Through the voices of professional planners, the chapter explores their conflicted opinions on DIY approaches: criticizing their informality and emphasizing the importance of regulations and accountability for everything from basic functionality to social equity, yet sympathetic to do-it-yourselfers’ frustrations and often excited to adopt their tactics, harness their energy, and exploit their cultural value. The chapter then describes how some DIY projects have found pathways to formal adoption and inspired popular “tactical urbanism” and “creative placemaking” approaches to public space design. Many such interventions can result in innovative public spaces with social, environmental, and economic benefits. But the reproduction of an aesthetic experience selectively inspired by a hip grassroots trend and combined with “creative class” values can mark the resulting spaces themselves as elite and exclusionary.Less
Chapter 6 looks at the world of official urban planning and placemaking, providing different perspectives on its relationship to DIY urbanism. Through the voices of professional planners, the chapter explores their conflicted opinions on DIY approaches: criticizing their informality and emphasizing the importance of regulations and accountability for everything from basic functionality to social equity, yet sympathetic to do-it-yourselfers’ frustrations and often excited to adopt their tactics, harness their energy, and exploit their cultural value. The chapter then describes how some DIY projects have found pathways to formal adoption and inspired popular “tactical urbanism” and “creative placemaking” approaches to public space design. Many such interventions can result in innovative public spaces with social, environmental, and economic benefits. But the reproduction of an aesthetic experience selectively inspired by a hip grassroots trend and combined with “creative class” values can mark the resulting spaces themselves as elite and exclusionary.
Jessica Pykett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447314042
- eISBN:
- 9781447314073
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447314042.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
This chapter explores the knowledge and practices associated with the new field of neuro-architecture. This novel interdisciplinary approach integrates the established tradition of environmental ...
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This chapter explores the knowledge and practices associated with the new field of neuro-architecture. This novel interdisciplinary approach integrates the established tradition of environmental psychology with approaches from artificial intelligence, systems computation and neurobiology. Neuro-architecture seeks to establish applied approaches to urban planning and design which take into account both the effects of the built environment on brain activity, and the neurological correlates of space perception – the ‘push’ of the world around us. This chapter outlines the organising concepts and methodologies of the small field of neuro-architecture and places it in the much broader context of environmental psychology and urban design disciplines. Examples are given of policies and practices associated with designing spaces to improve learning and shape health-related behaviours. The chapter examines how a particular spirit, ethos, moral and political stance is engendered through the disposition of people, things and attention in space, and identifies the democratic problems posed by a potentially brain-based spatial rationality.Less
This chapter explores the knowledge and practices associated with the new field of neuro-architecture. This novel interdisciplinary approach integrates the established tradition of environmental psychology with approaches from artificial intelligence, systems computation and neurobiology. Neuro-architecture seeks to establish applied approaches to urban planning and design which take into account both the effects of the built environment on brain activity, and the neurological correlates of space perception – the ‘push’ of the world around us. This chapter outlines the organising concepts and methodologies of the small field of neuro-architecture and places it in the much broader context of environmental psychology and urban design disciplines. Examples are given of policies and practices associated with designing spaces to improve learning and shape health-related behaviours. The chapter examines how a particular spirit, ethos, moral and political stance is engendered through the disposition of people, things and attention in space, and identifies the democratic problems posed by a potentially brain-based spatial rationality.
Chris Zegras, Anson Stewart, Rosanna Forray, Rocío Hidalgo, Cristhian Figueroa, Fábio Duarte, and Jan Wampler
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447326168
- eISBN:
- 9781447326236
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447326168.003.0010
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
This chapter describes prospects for BRT-oriented development (BRTOD), using results from a semester-long graduate level planning course, co-taught at MIT and PUC. BRTOD aims to capitalise on the ...
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This chapter describes prospects for BRT-oriented development (BRTOD), using results from a semester-long graduate level planning course, co-taught at MIT and PUC. BRTOD aims to capitalise on the benefits that mass transit can bring to cities, including the possibilities to leverage improved accessibility, enhance agglomeration economies, address regional equity, and structure urban growth towards lower automobile dependency. As a road- and tyre-based transit mode, BRT has particular characteristics, which both enhance and impair its TOD potentials. The student proposals, based on corridor-long assessments in Santiago de Chile and Boston (MA, USA), show that strategic BRTOD planning should extend beyond pure mobility provision to examine ways to include innovative urban design, connect educational and economic clusters, proactively anticipate and mitigate potential displacement of low income communities, and coordinate across sectors and jurisdictions to maximize benefits and minimize costs.Less
This chapter describes prospects for BRT-oriented development (BRTOD), using results from a semester-long graduate level planning course, co-taught at MIT and PUC. BRTOD aims to capitalise on the benefits that mass transit can bring to cities, including the possibilities to leverage improved accessibility, enhance agglomeration economies, address regional equity, and structure urban growth towards lower automobile dependency. As a road- and tyre-based transit mode, BRT has particular characteristics, which both enhance and impair its TOD potentials. The student proposals, based on corridor-long assessments in Santiago de Chile and Boston (MA, USA), show that strategic BRTOD planning should extend beyond pure mobility provision to examine ways to include innovative urban design, connect educational and economic clusters, proactively anticipate and mitigate potential displacement of low income communities, and coordinate across sectors and jurisdictions to maximize benefits and minimize costs.
