Shahid Naeem, Daniel E. Bunker, Andy Hector, Michel Loreau, and Charles Perrings
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547951
- eISBN:
- 9780191720345
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547951.003.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
Conventional approaches to ecology often lack the necessary integration to make a compelling case for the critical importance of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning and human wellbeing. This linear ...
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Conventional approaches to ecology often lack the necessary integration to make a compelling case for the critical importance of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning and human wellbeing. This linear approach does not prepare one for understanding and applying ecology in the context of the modern world. A different, rather unconventional approach is needed for understanding ecology and environmental biology, one that asks the question that is rarely asked — What is the significance of biodiversity to human wellbeing? That is what this book asks.Less
Conventional approaches to ecology often lack the necessary integration to make a compelling case for the critical importance of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning and human wellbeing. This linear approach does not prepare one for understanding and applying ecology in the context of the modern world. A different, rather unconventional approach is needed for understanding ecology and environmental biology, one that asks the question that is rarely asked — What is the significance of biodiversity to human wellbeing? That is what this book asks.
Gregory A. Daddis
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199746873
- eISBN:
- 9780199897179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199746873.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The work concludes by assessing MACV’s decisions and choices in developing and implementing counterinsurgency metrics of effectiveness and progress in Vietnam. In the end, it asks if the army was an ...
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The work concludes by assessing MACV’s decisions and choices in developing and implementing counterinsurgency metrics of effectiveness and progress in Vietnam. In the end, it asks if the army was an organization with a deeply flawed mentality that sought to impose measurements on the immeasurable. It also provides historical perspective for those armies currently attempting to measure their own successes and failures in an unconventional environment.Less
The work concludes by assessing MACV’s decisions and choices in developing and implementing counterinsurgency metrics of effectiveness and progress in Vietnam. In the end, it asks if the army was an organization with a deeply flawed mentality that sought to impose measurements on the immeasurable. It also provides historical perspective for those armies currently attempting to measure their own successes and failures in an unconventional environment.
Julian Rivers
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199226108
- eISBN:
- 9780191594243
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199226108.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter gathers together a variety of ways in which collective religious rites come to have legal significance. After touching briefly on historic examples of sanctuary and confession, it ...
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This chapter gathers together a variety of ways in which collective religious rites come to have legal significance. After touching briefly on historic examples of sanctuary and confession, it considers rites of passage such as baptism and naming ceremonies, circumcision, marriage and divorce, burial and cremation. Dietary requirements including the regulation of ritual slaughter and legal responses to cannabis usage are covered. Legal problems arising from unconventional worship in terms of planning control, noise pollution and nuisance, access to ancient monuments, and the advertising of spiritualist services are discussed. The conclusion drawn from this rather heterogeneous collection is that the accommodation and regulation of religious rites is highly pragmatic. It covers a wide-range of religions and uses diverse legal techniques. However, the judicial contribution is small.Less
This chapter gathers together a variety of ways in which collective religious rites come to have legal significance. After touching briefly on historic examples of sanctuary and confession, it considers rites of passage such as baptism and naming ceremonies, circumcision, marriage and divorce, burial and cremation. Dietary requirements including the regulation of ritual slaughter and legal responses to cannabis usage are covered. Legal problems arising from unconventional worship in terms of planning control, noise pollution and nuisance, access to ancient monuments, and the advertising of spiritualist services are discussed. The conclusion drawn from this rather heterogeneous collection is that the accommodation and regulation of religious rites is highly pragmatic. It covers a wide-range of religions and uses diverse legal techniques. However, the judicial contribution is small.
Erich Goode
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781479878574
- eISBN:
- 9781479872718
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479878574.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This book addresses the matter of how social audiences, both formal agents of social control (the NYPD and the Park Enforcement Control) and the ordinary, everyday park-goer, react when they ...
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This book addresses the matter of how social audiences, both formal agents of social control (the NYPD and the Park Enforcement Control) and the ordinary, everyday park-goer, react when they encounter what they consider wrongdoing, or “deviance.” The focus is on the micro or face-to-face interactional level; the larger structural forces are held in abeyance and assumed to operate, but they are not analysed or accounted for here. Likewise, literary and philosophical speculations as well as considering political and ideological implications have been left to other analysts. What constitutes deviance in an unconventional public setting remains the central issue throughout the volume. Visitors to the park—one that is known for celebrating difference and diversity—observe behaviour or utterances by an actor or a speaker in their presence that, they feel goes too far in violating their sense of acceptable norms. What do they do? How do they sanction the offender? The analysis in this book presents the reader with a series of anecdotes—events or episodes observed or statements overheard by the researcher that audiences, judging by their reactions, consider untoward. The action-reaction-interaction dynamics constitutes the lodestone of this volume. Washington Square Park is a “text”; this book represents a sociological “reading” of that text.Less
This book addresses the matter of how social audiences, both formal agents of social control (the NYPD and the Park Enforcement Control) and the ordinary, everyday park-goer, react when they encounter what they consider wrongdoing, or “deviance.” The focus is on the micro or face-to-face interactional level; the larger structural forces are held in abeyance and assumed to operate, but they are not analysed or accounted for here. Likewise, literary and philosophical speculations as well as considering political and ideological implications have been left to other analysts. What constitutes deviance in an unconventional public setting remains the central issue throughout the volume. Visitors to the park—one that is known for celebrating difference and diversity—observe behaviour or utterances by an actor or a speaker in their presence that, they feel goes too far in violating their sense of acceptable norms. What do they do? How do they sanction the offender? The analysis in this book presents the reader with a series of anecdotes—events or episodes observed or statements overheard by the researcher that audiences, judging by their reactions, consider untoward. The action-reaction-interaction dynamics constitutes the lodestone of this volume. Washington Square Park is a “text”; this book represents a sociological “reading” of that text.
Rebecca Yamin and Donna J. Seifert
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780813056456
- eISBN:
- 9780813058252
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056456.001.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
The archaeological study of prostitution in nineteenth-century American contexts grew out of the discovery of brothels in the 1990s during large urban projects done in compliance with the National ...
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The archaeological study of prostitution in nineteenth-century American contexts grew out of the discovery of brothels in the 1990s during large urban projects done in compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act. This book provides an overview of many of those projects as well as detailed discussions of a brothel found at Five Points in New York City and several parlor houses found in Washington, D.C. The large artifact assemblages recovered in combination with detailed primary and secondary historical research have produced a complex picture of commercial sex, which the book discusses in both nineteenth-century and twenty-first century perspectives. Agency theory is used to link the practice of prostitution with other forms of clandestine behavior that have come to light through archaeology. Issues of gender, class, and race run through the archaeological study of clandestine behavior, which includes acts of resistance in public—from drinking on the job to piracy—and acts in private—from hiding caches of artifacts in vulnerable places to scratching inscrutable designs on ceramic pots. The book ends with questions that touch on the age-old conundrum of passing judgment. Should prostitution be decriminalized? Should the efficacy of spiritual practices be questioned? The value of anomalous artifacts and their interpretation is stressed as crucial to recognizing brothels and evidence of clandestine pursuits.Less
The archaeological study of prostitution in nineteenth-century American contexts grew out of the discovery of brothels in the 1990s during large urban projects done in compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act. This book provides an overview of many of those projects as well as detailed discussions of a brothel found at Five Points in New York City and several parlor houses found in Washington, D.C. The large artifact assemblages recovered in combination with detailed primary and secondary historical research have produced a complex picture of commercial sex, which the book discusses in both nineteenth-century and twenty-first century perspectives. Agency theory is used to link the practice of prostitution with other forms of clandestine behavior that have come to light through archaeology. Issues of gender, class, and race run through the archaeological study of clandestine behavior, which includes acts of resistance in public—from drinking on the job to piracy—and acts in private—from hiding caches of artifacts in vulnerable places to scratching inscrutable designs on ceramic pots. The book ends with questions that touch on the age-old conundrum of passing judgment. Should prostitution be decriminalized? Should the efficacy of spiritual practices be questioned? The value of anomalous artifacts and their interpretation is stressed as crucial to recognizing brothels and evidence of clandestine pursuits.
A. V. Narlikar
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- June 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199584116
- eISBN:
- 9780191747496
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584116.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
Superconductors is neither about basic aspects of superconductivity nor about its applications, but concentrates mainly on superconducting materials. It is not an encyclopaedia, describing each and ...
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Superconductors is neither about basic aspects of superconductivity nor about its applications, but concentrates mainly on superconducting materials. It is not an encyclopaedia, describing each and every superconductor that exists. Instead, it is about those materials that have represented important milestones in this exciting field, because of their fundamental scientific interest, their technological applications, or the challenges they present (e.g. the magnetic superconductors). The features of a large variety of novel superconductors are presented and their technological potential is assessed. Both conventional and unconventional, low-temperature and high-temperature, superconductors are discussed, including, for example, the HTS cuprates and the superconducting pnictides. In all, the book comprises 21 chapters. The initial chapters present the basic aspects of superconductivity, providing the bare minimum needed to understand the discussions in the subsequent chapters. To make the presentation accessible to readers from diverse scientific and technical disciplines, the derivation of mathematical formulas and equations throughout the main text has been kept to a minimum and, wherever necessary, short appendices with essential mathematics have been added at the end of the chapters. The existing literature concerning superconductors is huge and exhaustive and the aim is not to provide each and every reference to published work. We have cited only those references that we consider to be really fundamental to meet with the interests of the proposed broad readership and help them with further reading. The book includes over 60 tables and 300 illustrations presenting data in a form readily accessible to the reader.Less
Superconductors is neither about basic aspects of superconductivity nor about its applications, but concentrates mainly on superconducting materials. It is not an encyclopaedia, describing each and every superconductor that exists. Instead, it is about those materials that have represented important milestones in this exciting field, because of their fundamental scientific interest, their technological applications, or the challenges they present (e.g. the magnetic superconductors). The features of a large variety of novel superconductors are presented and their technological potential is assessed. Both conventional and unconventional, low-temperature and high-temperature, superconductors are discussed, including, for example, the HTS cuprates and the superconducting pnictides. In all, the book comprises 21 chapters. The initial chapters present the basic aspects of superconductivity, providing the bare minimum needed to understand the discussions in the subsequent chapters. To make the presentation accessible to readers from diverse scientific and technical disciplines, the derivation of mathematical formulas and equations throughout the main text has been kept to a minimum and, wherever necessary, short appendices with essential mathematics have been added at the end of the chapters. The existing literature concerning superconductors is huge and exhaustive and the aim is not to provide each and every reference to published work. We have cited only those references that we consider to be really fundamental to meet with the interests of the proposed broad readership and help them with further reading. The book includes over 60 tables and 300 illustrations presenting data in a form readily accessible to the reader.
Nandini Trivedi
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199592593
- eISBN:
- 9780191741050
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592593.003.0010
- Subject:
- Physics, Theoretical, Computational, and Statistical Physics
A superconductor is a remarkable emergent state of matter in which electrons pair up and develop long range phase coherence resulting in zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism. How can a ...
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A superconductor is a remarkable emergent state of matter in which electrons pair up and develop long range phase coherence resulting in zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism. How can a superconductor decohere? A thin superconducting film can be driven insulating in a remarkable number of ways: decreasing thickness, increasing disorder, changing the gate voltage, or applying a magnetic field. Such superconductor-insulator transitions (SIT) are quantum phase transitions of strongly correlated electrons occurring at very low temperatures. This chapter gives an overview of the field, with particular emphasis on recent developments. This chapter describes how the theoretical understanding of SITs has evolved over the years, and how the increasing quality of experimental data is beginning to reveal the importance of amplitude and phase fluctuations. Most importantly new paradigms have been developed to describe these phenomena. This chapter contains numerous references to the contributions by various authors in subsequent chaptersLess
A superconductor is a remarkable emergent state of matter in which electrons pair up and develop long range phase coherence resulting in zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism. How can a superconductor decohere? A thin superconducting film can be driven insulating in a remarkable number of ways: decreasing thickness, increasing disorder, changing the gate voltage, or applying a magnetic field. Such superconductor-insulator transitions (SIT) are quantum phase transitions of strongly correlated electrons occurring at very low temperatures. This chapter gives an overview of the field, with particular emphasis on recent developments. This chapter describes how the theoretical understanding of SITs has evolved over the years, and how the increasing quality of experimental data is beginning to reveal the importance of amplitude and phase fluctuations. Most importantly new paradigms have been developed to describe these phenomena. This chapter contains numerous references to the contributions by various authors in subsequent chapters
Yen Loh Lee and Nandini Trivedi
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199592593
- eISBN:
- 9780191741050
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592593.003.0017
- Subject:
- Physics, Theoretical, Computational, and Statistical Physics
This chapter presents a theoretical treatment of two types of superconductor-insulator transitions — the disorder-tuned transition and the parallel-magnetic-field-tuned transition. This is performed ...
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This chapter presents a theoretical treatment of two types of superconductor-insulator transitions — the disorder-tuned transition and the parallel-magnetic-field-tuned transition. This is performed within the framework of the attractive Hubbard model, which is a ‘minimal’ lattice model that nevertheless captures much of the essential physics. The effects of hopping, attraction, disorder, and parallel magnetic field are taken into account one by one in proressively more refined approximations, from pairing-of-exact-eigenstates to Bogoliubov-de Gennes to determinant quantum Monte Carlo. By examining the successes and failures of each approach, the chapter elucidates the role of amplitude and phase fluctuations. This pedagogical approach provides considerable details of the calculation of thermodynamic, transport, and spectral properties, such that a suitably inclined reader should be able to reproduce many of the results.Less
This chapter presents a theoretical treatment of two types of superconductor-insulator transitions — the disorder-tuned transition and the parallel-magnetic-field-tuned transition. This is performed within the framework of the attractive Hubbard model, which is a ‘minimal’ lattice model that nevertheless captures much of the essential physics. The effects of hopping, attraction, disorder, and parallel magnetic field are taken into account one by one in proressively more refined approximations, from pairing-of-exact-eigenstates to Bogoliubov-de Gennes to determinant quantum Monte Carlo. By examining the successes and failures of each approach, the chapter elucidates the role of amplitude and phase fluctuations. This pedagogical approach provides considerable details of the calculation of thermodynamic, transport, and spectral properties, such that a suitably inclined reader should be able to reproduce many of the results.
David Kilcullen
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- March 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190265687
- eISBN:
- 9780190932787
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190265687.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book applies concepts from evolutionary science and military innovation to explore how state and nonstate adversaries of the Western powers have learned to defeat (or render irrelevant) the ...
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This book applies concepts from evolutionary science and military innovation to explore how state and nonstate adversaries of the Western powers have learned to defeat (or render irrelevant) the model of high-tech, expensive, precision warfare pioneered by the United States in 1991 and globally dominant since. The book begins with a historical overview of the period since the Cold War, framed by CIA Director James Woolsey’s 1993 comment that “we have slain a large dragon” (the Soviet Union) “but now we find ourselves in a jungle filled with a bewildering variety of poisonous snakes, and in many ways the dragon was easier to keep track of.” The book describes the selective pressures acting on adversaries as a result of the evolutionary fitness landscape created by western military dominance. It then explores ideas from social and evolutionary science—including social learning, natural selection, artificial selection, predator effects, and the distinction between concept-led peacetime innovation and wartime coevolution —to explain how adversaries adapt. It presents a series of case studies on nonstate actors (including Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Islamic State), Russia, and China, as well as sections on North Korea and Iran. The book concludes by considering how western powers can respond to the increasing ineffectiveness of their military model and examines likely strategic futures.Less
This book applies concepts from evolutionary science and military innovation to explore how state and nonstate adversaries of the Western powers have learned to defeat (or render irrelevant) the model of high-tech, expensive, precision warfare pioneered by the United States in 1991 and globally dominant since. The book begins with a historical overview of the period since the Cold War, framed by CIA Director James Woolsey’s 1993 comment that “we have slain a large dragon” (the Soviet Union) “but now we find ourselves in a jungle filled with a bewildering variety of poisonous snakes, and in many ways the dragon was easier to keep track of.” The book describes the selective pressures acting on adversaries as a result of the evolutionary fitness landscape created by western military dominance. It then explores ideas from social and evolutionary science—including social learning, natural selection, artificial selection, predator effects, and the distinction between concept-led peacetime innovation and wartime coevolution —to explain how adversaries adapt. It presents a series of case studies on nonstate actors (including Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Islamic State), Russia, and China, as well as sections on North Korea and Iran. The book concludes by considering how western powers can respond to the increasing ineffectiveness of their military model and examines likely strategic futures.
Massimiliano Di Ventra
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- March 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780192845320
- eISBN:
- 9780191937521
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780192845320.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Theoretical, Computational, and Statistical Physics
From the originator of MemComputing comes the very first book on this new computing paradigm that employs time non-locality (memory) to both process and store information. The book discusses the ...
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From the originator of MemComputing comes the very first book on this new computing paradigm that employs time non-locality (memory) to both process and store information. The book discusses the rationale behind MemComputing, its theoretical foundations, and wide-range applicability to combinatorial optimization problems, Machine Learning, and Quantum Mechanics. The book is ideal for graduate students in Physics, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Mathematics as well as researchers in both academia and industry interested in unconventional computing. The author relies on extensive margin notes, important remarks, and several artworks to better explain the main concepts and clarify all the jargon, making the book as self-contained as possible. The reader will be guided from the basic notions to the more advanced ones with a writing style that is always clear and engaging. Along the way, the reader will appreciate the advantages of this computing paradigm and the major differences that set it apart from the prevailing Turing model of computation, and even Quantum Computing.Less
From the originator of MemComputing comes the very first book on this new computing paradigm that employs time non-locality (memory) to both process and store information. The book discusses the rationale behind MemComputing, its theoretical foundations, and wide-range applicability to combinatorial optimization problems, Machine Learning, and Quantum Mechanics. The book is ideal for graduate students in Physics, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Mathematics as well as researchers in both academia and industry interested in unconventional computing. The author relies on extensive margin notes, important remarks, and several artworks to better explain the main concepts and clarify all the jargon, making the book as self-contained as possible. The reader will be guided from the basic notions to the more advanced ones with a writing style that is always clear and engaging. Along the way, the reader will appreciate the advantages of this computing paradigm and the major differences that set it apart from the prevailing Turing model of computation, and even Quantum Computing.
Naoyuki Yoshino, Pornpinun Chantapacdepong, and Matthias Helble (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- August 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198838104
- eISBN:
- 9780191874628
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198838104.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics, South and East Asia
Barely two decades after the Asian financial crisis Asia was suddenly confronted with multiple challenges originating outside the region: the 2008 global financial crisis, the European debt crisis, ...
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Barely two decades after the Asian financial crisis Asia was suddenly confronted with multiple challenges originating outside the region: the 2008 global financial crisis, the European debt crisis, and, finally developed economies’ implementation of unconventional monetary policies. Especially the implementation of quantitative easing (QE), ultra-low interest rate policies, and negative interest rate policies by a number of large central banks has given rise to concerns over financial stability and international capital flows. One of the regions most profoundly affected by the crisis was Asia due to its high dependence on international trade and international financial linkages. The objective of this book is to explain how macroeconomic shocks stemming from the global financial crisis and recent unconventional monetary policies in developed economies have affected macroeconomic and financial stability in emerging markets, with a particular focus on Asia. In particular, the book covers the following thematic areas: (i) the spillover effects of macroeconomic shocks on financial markets and flows in emerging economies; (ii) the impact of recent macroeconomic shocks on real economies in emerging markets; and (iii) key challenges for the monetary, exchange rate, trade, and macroprudential policies of developing economies, especially Asian economies, and suggestions and recommendations to increase resiliency against external shocks.Less
Barely two decades after the Asian financial crisis Asia was suddenly confronted with multiple challenges originating outside the region: the 2008 global financial crisis, the European debt crisis, and, finally developed economies’ implementation of unconventional monetary policies. Especially the implementation of quantitative easing (QE), ultra-low interest rate policies, and negative interest rate policies by a number of large central banks has given rise to concerns over financial stability and international capital flows. One of the regions most profoundly affected by the crisis was Asia due to its high dependence on international trade and international financial linkages. The objective of this book is to explain how macroeconomic shocks stemming from the global financial crisis and recent unconventional monetary policies in developed economies have affected macroeconomic and financial stability in emerging markets, with a particular focus on Asia. In particular, the book covers the following thematic areas: (i) the spillover effects of macroeconomic shocks on financial markets and flows in emerging economies; (ii) the impact of recent macroeconomic shocks on real economies in emerging markets; and (iii) key challenges for the monetary, exchange rate, trade, and macroprudential policies of developing economies, especially Asian economies, and suggestions and recommendations to increase resiliency against external shocks.
William M. Alley and Rosemarie Alley
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300220384
- eISBN:
- 9780300227550
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300220384.003.0014
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Nature
Few environmental issues have received more media attention than fracking (hydraulic fracturing) for oil and gas development in shales and other unconventional resources. This chapter provides an ...
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Few environmental issues have received more media attention than fracking (hydraulic fracturing) for oil and gas development in shales and other unconventional resources. This chapter provides an objective overview of the potential impacts on groundwater and the need for better groundwater monitoring to resolve some of the uncertainties.Less
Few environmental issues have received more media attention than fracking (hydraulic fracturing) for oil and gas development in shales and other unconventional resources. This chapter provides an objective overview of the potential impacts on groundwater and the need for better groundwater monitoring to resolve some of the uncertainties.
Pierre L. Siklos
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- August 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190228835
- eISBN:
- 9780190228866
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190228835.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare
The book covers the global economy and the various pressures faced by central banks. It also provides some ideas for reforming existing monetary policy strategies. The events of the past fifteen ...
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The book covers the global economy and the various pressures faced by central banks. It also provides some ideas for reforming existing monetary policy strategies. The events of the past fifteen years in monetary policy are essentially the story of two mistakes, one triumph, and the real possibility of another mistake to come. Prior to the global financial crisis, many central bankers were glib about the connection between finance and the real economy. This is partly because the last three decades saw many financial crises with apparently little lasting impact on the global economy. Another mistake was the failure to adequately appreciate how interconnected the world’s financial systems had become. The triumph was the recognition that price stability is a desirable objective. Whether low and stable inflation is the cause or the consequence of economic performance during the past three decades remains hotly debated, however. There is also the prospect of another financial shock to come. The outlook at the end of 2016 is clouded by at least three sets of forces. On the domestic front, central banks face a difficult and protracted exit from ultra-loose monetary policies; it is largely a problem of their own making. There is also an unwillingness to implement needed structural economic reforms that lie outside the scope of monetary policy. On the international front, there is limited appetite for cooperation and differences in views about the proper role and function of central banks. Central banking is not broken, but it is in need of repair.Less
The book covers the global economy and the various pressures faced by central banks. It also provides some ideas for reforming existing monetary policy strategies. The events of the past fifteen years in monetary policy are essentially the story of two mistakes, one triumph, and the real possibility of another mistake to come. Prior to the global financial crisis, many central bankers were glib about the connection between finance and the real economy. This is partly because the last three decades saw many financial crises with apparently little lasting impact on the global economy. Another mistake was the failure to adequately appreciate how interconnected the world’s financial systems had become. The triumph was the recognition that price stability is a desirable objective. Whether low and stable inflation is the cause or the consequence of economic performance during the past three decades remains hotly debated, however. There is also the prospect of another financial shock to come. The outlook at the end of 2016 is clouded by at least three sets of forces. On the domestic front, central banks face a difficult and protracted exit from ultra-loose monetary policies; it is largely a problem of their own making. There is also an unwillingness to implement needed structural economic reforms that lie outside the scope of monetary policy. On the international front, there is limited appetite for cooperation and differences in views about the proper role and function of central banks. Central banking is not broken, but it is in need of repair.
Alan Bryman and David A. Buchanan (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198796978
- eISBN:
- 9780191838446
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198796978.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Knowledge Management
This book describes twelve unconventional methodologies in organization and management research. These include unconventional research settings and data sources, unconventional research designs and ...
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This book describes twelve unconventional methodologies in organization and management research. These include unconventional research settings and data sources, unconventional research designs and data collection methods, unconventional analytic approaches, and designs and methods that exploit new technology developments. Our aim is to encourage dialogue and experimentation with regard to the development of innovative, unconventional approaches to organization and management research. Several commentators have criticized the way in which research methods have become more formulaic, and have argued for greater diversity in research approaches. The methodological perspective that we adopt also shapes our interpretation of the information that we gather. Different methods generate different kinds of information, leading to different ways of understanding the phenomena that we are investigating. Our methods influence our styles of theorizing, ways of thinking and reasoning, and forms of writing and reporting research. This book will be of value to academic researchers in organization and management studies, Doctoral candidates, and Masters students on MBA and similar programmes.Less
This book describes twelve unconventional methodologies in organization and management research. These include unconventional research settings and data sources, unconventional research designs and data collection methods, unconventional analytic approaches, and designs and methods that exploit new technology developments. Our aim is to encourage dialogue and experimentation with regard to the development of innovative, unconventional approaches to organization and management research. Several commentators have criticized the way in which research methods have become more formulaic, and have argued for greater diversity in research approaches. The methodological perspective that we adopt also shapes our interpretation of the information that we gather. Different methods generate different kinds of information, leading to different ways of understanding the phenomena that we are investigating. Our methods influence our styles of theorizing, ways of thinking and reasoning, and forms of writing and reporting research. This book will be of value to academic researchers in organization and management studies, Doctoral candidates, and Masters students on MBA and similar programmes.
Paul C. Avey
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781501740381
- eISBN:
- 9781501740398
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501740381.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
This chapter focuses on the Egyptian–Israeli dispute following the 1967 Six Day War. Egypt had an intense political dispute with Israel centering on the Sinai Peninsula that Israel captured during ...
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This chapter focuses on the Egyptian–Israeli dispute following the 1967 Six Day War. Egypt had an intense political dispute with Israel centering on the Sinai Peninsula that Israel captured during the 1967 Six Day War. Egyptian leaders settled on force when diplomatic and military trends seemed to make recovering the Sinai less likely. Conversely, when the diplomatic situation improved after 1973, particularly with more direct American involvement, Egypt avoided military action. Egypt's strong interests, rooted in recovering territory, did not cause its leaders to ignore the Israeli nuclear arsenal. They believed that so long as they executed only limited campaigns, the benefits to Israeli of using its nuclear weapons would be low. At the same time, Cairo sought to raise the costs of Israeli nuclear use by developing its own unconventional weapons and relying on the superpowers, in particular the United States, to constrain Israel. Thus, while the Israeli nuclear arsenal did not deter a conventional attack, it is not the case that Egyptian leaders ignored the Israeli nuclear arsenal in 1973.Less
This chapter focuses on the Egyptian–Israeli dispute following the 1967 Six Day War. Egypt had an intense political dispute with Israel centering on the Sinai Peninsula that Israel captured during the 1967 Six Day War. Egyptian leaders settled on force when diplomatic and military trends seemed to make recovering the Sinai less likely. Conversely, when the diplomatic situation improved after 1973, particularly with more direct American involvement, Egypt avoided military action. Egypt's strong interests, rooted in recovering territory, did not cause its leaders to ignore the Israeli nuclear arsenal. They believed that so long as they executed only limited campaigns, the benefits to Israeli of using its nuclear weapons would be low. At the same time, Cairo sought to raise the costs of Israeli nuclear use by developing its own unconventional weapons and relying on the superpowers, in particular the United States, to constrain Israel. Thus, while the Israeli nuclear arsenal did not deter a conventional attack, it is not the case that Egyptian leaders ignored the Israeli nuclear arsenal in 1973.
Emily Hughes
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- February 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781906733438
- eISBN:
- 9781800342026
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781906733438.003.0010
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter studies the genre and narrative of Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002). The narrative of Talk to Her flits between a double- and single-stranded plot line, plays with time with ...
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This chapter studies the genre and narrative of Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002). The narrative of Talk to Her flits between a double- and single-stranded plot line, plays with time with sometimes careless abandon, and contains coincidences that verge of the ridiculous. But yet, far from alienating the spectator, the narrative of Talk to Her pleasingly draws one in and lures the spectator into a position where they are able to suspend their disbelief, enjoy and engage with the plot. The spectator familiar with Almodóvar's films somewhat expects an unconventional narrative and thus is likely to find it unobtrusive. Meanwhile, like most Almodóvar's films, Talk to Her is hard to classify in terms of genre. Unlike the Hollywood system that relies heavily on either star or genre marketing, the marketing for Almodóvar's films relies heavily on his own status as an award-winning auteur film-maker. Talk to Her is thus not bound by generic convention in the way that many Hollywood films are.Less
This chapter studies the genre and narrative of Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002). The narrative of Talk to Her flits between a double- and single-stranded plot line, plays with time with sometimes careless abandon, and contains coincidences that verge of the ridiculous. But yet, far from alienating the spectator, the narrative of Talk to Her pleasingly draws one in and lures the spectator into a position where they are able to suspend their disbelief, enjoy and engage with the plot. The spectator familiar with Almodóvar's films somewhat expects an unconventional narrative and thus is likely to find it unobtrusive. Meanwhile, like most Almodóvar's films, Talk to Her is hard to classify in terms of genre. Unlike the Hollywood system that relies heavily on either star or genre marketing, the marketing for Almodóvar's films relies heavily on his own status as an award-winning auteur film-maker. Talk to Her is thus not bound by generic convention in the way that many Hollywood films are.
Dieter Helm
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300186598
- eISBN:
- 9780300188646
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300186598.003.0008
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter focuses on fossil fuel price forecasts, which hold the current policies on climate change together. Peak oil theorists started in the United States with an underlying assumption that the ...
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This chapter focuses on fossil fuel price forecasts, which hold the current policies on climate change together. Peak oil theorists started in the United States with an underlying assumption that the United States' geology had been thoroughly surveyed and was well understood. The technological progress not only makes it possible to find and exploit new reserves, and to bring abundant shale gas and oil to market, but also makes it possible to get more oil out of existing wells. Over the period to 2020, and indeed beyond, when the price of oil is supposed to rise strongly and thereby render these investments economic, the temporary factors may well dissipate. Indeed, the combination of the unconventional and the new technologies may point toward a very different outcome, with all the political and social upheaval this may cause the Middle Eastern countries.Less
This chapter focuses on fossil fuel price forecasts, which hold the current policies on climate change together. Peak oil theorists started in the United States with an underlying assumption that the United States' geology had been thoroughly surveyed and was well understood. The technological progress not only makes it possible to find and exploit new reserves, and to bring abundant shale gas and oil to market, but also makes it possible to get more oil out of existing wells. Over the period to 2020, and indeed beyond, when the price of oil is supposed to rise strongly and thereby render these investments economic, the temporary factors may well dissipate. Indeed, the combination of the unconventional and the new technologies may point toward a very different outcome, with all the political and social upheaval this may cause the Middle Eastern countries.
Wayne E. Lee, Anthony E. Carlson, David L. Preston, and David Silbey
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- October 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780190920647
- eISBN:
- 9780197580981
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190920647.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History, American History: 20th Century
The Other Face of Battle plunges into the jarring and violent experience of America’s “other” wars: the often irregular, unconventional, and intercultural wars that have dominated the American ...
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The Other Face of Battle plunges into the jarring and violent experience of America’s “other” wars: the often irregular, unconventional, and intercultural wars that have dominated the American military experience. The national narrative is dominated by the so-called “big wars,” but the other wars are both more common and equally critical to understanding American military history. American wars with enemies from different cultures, fighting with different tactics, have generated shocking battlefield defeats, unanticipated insurgencies, and strategic stalemate. In 1755, George Washington and other Anglo-American soldiers on an expedition to the Ohio Country were catastrophically defeated by French and Indian irregulars at the Monongahela, with resounding consequences for how Americans thought about themselves in combat over the next several generations. In 1898, U.S. troops at the Battle of Manila confronted Filipinos who had just fought and won a revolution against the Spanish—a battle that was but the opening round of a protracted U.S.-Filipino conflict sparked by American occupation and annexation. The unexpected war that followed was both conventional and irregular, an omen for America’s 20th-century wars. In 2010, U.S. soldiers and Afghan allies launched an extraordinarily complex, interservice attack on the village of Makuan in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. The battle symbolized the Americans’ struggle to find and pin down the elusive Taliban enemy, despite careful planning, immense firepower, and nine years of experience fighting an insurgency.Less
The Other Face of Battle plunges into the jarring and violent experience of America’s “other” wars: the often irregular, unconventional, and intercultural wars that have dominated the American military experience. The national narrative is dominated by the so-called “big wars,” but the other wars are both more common and equally critical to understanding American military history. American wars with enemies from different cultures, fighting with different tactics, have generated shocking battlefield defeats, unanticipated insurgencies, and strategic stalemate. In 1755, George Washington and other Anglo-American soldiers on an expedition to the Ohio Country were catastrophically defeated by French and Indian irregulars at the Monongahela, with resounding consequences for how Americans thought about themselves in combat over the next several generations. In 1898, U.S. troops at the Battle of Manila confronted Filipinos who had just fought and won a revolution against the Spanish—a battle that was but the opening round of a protracted U.S.-Filipino conflict sparked by American occupation and annexation. The unexpected war that followed was both conventional and irregular, an omen for America’s 20th-century wars. In 2010, U.S. soldiers and Afghan allies launched an extraordinarily complex, interservice attack on the village of Makuan in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. The battle symbolized the Americans’ struggle to find and pin down the elusive Taliban enemy, despite careful planning, immense firepower, and nine years of experience fighting an insurgency.
Paul T. Hill and Ashley E. Jochim
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226200545
- eISBN:
- 9780226200712
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226200712.003.0007
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
This chapter describes a school funding system that, consistent with the principles of constitutional governance, funds schools and students equitably, gives schools a defined amount for every ...
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This chapter describes a school funding system that, consistent with the principles of constitutional governance, funds schools and students equitably, gives schools a defined amount for every student that enrolls, and allow schools to set their own spending priorities. After reviewing the existing system for funding K-12 schools, the chapter describes a transformed funding system that would fund education not institutions; move money as students move from one school to another via a “student backpack” arrangement; pay for unconventional forms of instruction; pay for facilities without privileging conventional school models; withhold funding for ineffective programs without chilling innovation; and adapt funding levels and student weighting in light of experience. It explains how these principles would be put into practice, what problems might arise, and how these could be managed.Less
This chapter describes a school funding system that, consistent with the principles of constitutional governance, funds schools and students equitably, gives schools a defined amount for every student that enrolls, and allow schools to set their own spending priorities. After reviewing the existing system for funding K-12 schools, the chapter describes a transformed funding system that would fund education not institutions; move money as students move from one school to another via a “student backpack” arrangement; pay for unconventional forms of instruction; pay for facilities without privileging conventional school models; withhold funding for ineffective programs without chilling innovation; and adapt funding levels and student weighting in light of experience. It explains how these principles would be put into practice, what problems might arise, and how these could be managed.
Mark Hussey
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748642274
- eISBN:
- 9780748651979
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748642274.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter takes a look at Virginia Woolf and the Hogarth Press's sponsorship of the unconventional writing of child poet Joan Easdale, noting that this sponsorship was made despite opposition from ...
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This chapter takes a look at Virginia Woolf and the Hogarth Press's sponsorship of the unconventional writing of child poet Joan Easdale, noting that this sponsorship was made despite opposition from John Lehmann. It examines a network composed of Easdale, Stevie Smith, Naomi Mitchison and Woolf, against that of ‘W.H. Day Spender’. The chapter also reveals the story behind Easdale's appearance at the Hogarth Press, introduces the concept of ‘thirties poetry’, and also shows how the Hogarth Press represented a relevant site of encounter for a number of schools of poetry during the 1920s and 30s.Less
This chapter takes a look at Virginia Woolf and the Hogarth Press's sponsorship of the unconventional writing of child poet Joan Easdale, noting that this sponsorship was made despite opposition from John Lehmann. It examines a network composed of Easdale, Stevie Smith, Naomi Mitchison and Woolf, against that of ‘W.H. Day Spender’. The chapter also reveals the story behind Easdale's appearance at the Hogarth Press, introduces the concept of ‘thirties poetry’, and also shows how the Hogarth Press represented a relevant site of encounter for a number of schools of poetry during the 1920s and 30s.
