Joseph L. Baird (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195308228
- eISBN:
- 9780199784882
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195308220.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Hildegard of Bingen was one of the most notable women of the 12th century, as even a cursory glance at the recipients of her correspondence will suggest. The present volume concentrates on her ...
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Hildegard of Bingen was one of the most notable women of the 12th century, as even a cursory glance at the recipients of her correspondence will suggest. The present volume concentrates on her personal life as viewed through the defining lens of her personal letters: her early bid for recognition of her spiritual gifts with her hesitant letter to the powerful and renowned Bernard of Clairvaux; her courageous, and ultimately futile, fight to keep her beloved confidante and friend, Richardis von Stade, by her side and the poignant outcome of that struggle; her vehement defiance of the male hierarchy of the Benedictine Order in her bid to establish communities under her own governance; her impudent challenge to contemporary conservative views by the dress and customs she established in her community; her paean of praise for the power of music; her adamant refusal, even at the advanced age of eighty, to give in to the demands of the male authorities even in the face of excommunication. Accompanied by informative and detailed introductions, these letters give an extraordinary insight into the life and reputation of this medieval saint.Less
Hildegard of Bingen was one of the most notable women of the 12th century, as even a cursory glance at the recipients of her correspondence will suggest. The present volume concentrates on her personal life as viewed through the defining lens of her personal letters: her early bid for recognition of her spiritual gifts with her hesitant letter to the powerful and renowned Bernard of Clairvaux; her courageous, and ultimately futile, fight to keep her beloved confidante and friend, Richardis von Stade, by her side and the poignant outcome of that struggle; her vehement defiance of the male hierarchy of the Benedictine Order in her bid to establish communities under her own governance; her impudent challenge to contemporary conservative views by the dress and customs she established in her community; her paean of praise for the power of music; her adamant refusal, even at the advanced age of eighty, to give in to the demands of the male authorities even in the face of excommunication. Accompanied by informative and detailed introductions, these letters give an extraordinary insight into the life and reputation of this medieval saint.
Susan M. Johns
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719063046
- eISBN:
- 9781781700280
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719063046.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
The secular women's seals present the historian with unique opportunities to study the portrayal of female identity in twelfth-century England. Seals were visual representations of power, and they ...
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The secular women's seals present the historian with unique opportunities to study the portrayal of female identity in twelfth-century England. Seals were visual representations of power, and they conveyed notions of authority and legitimacy. Women's seals have been particularly poorly served. They also identified women's power in the context of land tenure, lordship, social status and the female life cycle. Additionally, they signified both gender and status in different ways. The representational forms of noblewomen's seals symbolised noblewomen's cultural identities and served to endorse gendered norms of women's role in lordship. The use of seals by twelfth-century noblewomen reinforces the argument that noblewomen had important roles to play within the construct of lordship in the specific context of land transfers.Less
The secular women's seals present the historian with unique opportunities to study the portrayal of female identity in twelfth-century England. Seals were visual representations of power, and they conveyed notions of authority and legitimacy. Women's seals have been particularly poorly served. They also identified women's power in the context of land tenure, lordship, social status and the female life cycle. Additionally, they signified both gender and status in different ways. The representational forms of noblewomen's seals symbolised noblewomen's cultural identities and served to endorse gendered norms of women's role in lordship. The use of seals by twelfth-century noblewomen reinforces the argument that noblewomen had important roles to play within the construct of lordship in the specific context of land transfers.
Alan Coates
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207566
- eISBN:
- 9780191677724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207566.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter provides an introduction to the palaeography of the surviving twelfth-century manuscripts from Reading Abbey. It summarizes the evidence taken from various features of the manuscripts to ...
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This chapter provides an introduction to the palaeography of the surviving twelfth-century manuscripts from Reading Abbey. It summarizes the evidence taken from various features of the manuscripts to show that some of these manuscripts were produced at or for the abbey whilst others were acquired from other sources, and shows when the various manuscripts entered the abbey. On opening a manuscript the most obvious thing is the way in which the page of that manuscript is laid out. The ruling of a page may constitute a guide to scribal practice, a method of identification, and also be of some use as a dating tool. It is possible to identify the habits of some scribes by examining the ways in which ruling was extended into the margins of the page. The way in which punctuation marks were used may help to distinguish the work of one scribe from another. Four main methods of correction are to be found in the Reading manuscripts: erasure, the signe-de-renvoi, interlinear insertion, and crossing out.Less
This chapter provides an introduction to the palaeography of the surviving twelfth-century manuscripts from Reading Abbey. It summarizes the evidence taken from various features of the manuscripts to show that some of these manuscripts were produced at or for the abbey whilst others were acquired from other sources, and shows when the various manuscripts entered the abbey. On opening a manuscript the most obvious thing is the way in which the page of that manuscript is laid out. The ruling of a page may constitute a guide to scribal practice, a method of identification, and also be of some use as a dating tool. It is possible to identify the habits of some scribes by examining the ways in which ruling was extended into the margins of the page. The way in which punctuation marks were used may help to distinguish the work of one scribe from another. Four main methods of correction are to be found in the Reading manuscripts: erasure, the signe-de-renvoi, interlinear insertion, and crossing out.
Paul Rorem
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195384369
- eISBN:
- 9780199869886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384369.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter first introduces Hugh of St. Victor’s context as to early 12th-century Paris, the founding of St. Victor by William of Champeaux, and the leadership of Abbot Gilduin. It then surveys ...
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This chapter first introduces Hugh of St. Victor’s context as to early 12th-century Paris, the founding of St. Victor by William of Champeaux, and the leadership of Abbot Gilduin. It then surveys what little is known of Hugh’s life and discusses how to approach his many and varied writings. The edition of Hugh’s works supervised by Gilduin provides an order for introducing this corpus.Less
This chapter first introduces Hugh of St. Victor’s context as to early 12th-century Paris, the founding of St. Victor by William of Champeaux, and the leadership of Abbot Gilduin. It then surveys what little is known of Hugh’s life and discusses how to approach his many and varied writings. The edition of Hugh’s works supervised by Gilduin provides an order for introducing this corpus.
Alastair Matthews
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199656998
- eISBN:
- 9780191742187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199656998.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
This chapter introduces the Kaiserchronik and summarizes what is known about the origins of the work, which is generally associated with the Regensburg of the mid-twelfth century. On the basis of ...
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This chapter introduces the Kaiserchronik and summarizes what is known about the origins of the work, which is generally associated with the Regensburg of the mid-twelfth century. On the basis of manuscript transmission and the critical literature, it is suggested that an analysis of narrative technique will allow what Walter Haug called the ‘literary side’ of the Kaiserchronik to be described in more detail. With the help of an analysis of the prologue, the Kaiserchronik is then contextualized in relation to Latin historiography, vernacular religious literature, and the new Middle High German narratives of the later twelfth century, showing that a broader range of narrative techniques are at stake than the preoccupation with questions of fictionality and structure in modern theory and criticism would suggest.Less
This chapter introduces the Kaiserchronik and summarizes what is known about the origins of the work, which is generally associated with the Regensburg of the mid-twelfth century. On the basis of manuscript transmission and the critical literature, it is suggested that an analysis of narrative technique will allow what Walter Haug called the ‘literary side’ of the Kaiserchronik to be described in more detail. With the help of an analysis of the prologue, the Kaiserchronik is then contextualized in relation to Latin historiography, vernacular religious literature, and the new Middle High German narratives of the later twelfth century, showing that a broader range of narrative techniques are at stake than the preoccupation with questions of fictionality and structure in modern theory and criticism would suggest.
Susan M. Johns
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719063046
- eISBN:
- 9781781700280
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719063046.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This book explores the place of noblewomen in twelfth-century English and, to a lesser extent, Norman society. It also investigates the roles of noblewomen within lordship and in so doing clarifies ...
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This book explores the place of noblewomen in twelfth-century English and, to a lesser extent, Norman society. It also investigates the roles of noblewomen within lordship and in so doing clarifies important aspects of noblewomen's power. The analytical framework upon which the book is constructed draws on recent theoretical developments in the history of women and power and utilises traditional scholarly approaches to the study of the twelfth century. In so doing, it re-defines the nature of twelfth-century lordship. Therefore, it is intended as a contribution to the debate over the role and meaning of female power in the context of the interaction of gender and lordship in twelfth-century society.Less
This book explores the place of noblewomen in twelfth-century English and, to a lesser extent, Norman society. It also investigates the roles of noblewomen within lordship and in so doing clarifies important aspects of noblewomen's power. The analytical framework upon which the book is constructed draws on recent theoretical developments in the history of women and power and utilises traditional scholarly approaches to the study of the twelfth century. In so doing, it re-defines the nature of twelfth-century lordship. Therefore, it is intended as a contribution to the debate over the role and meaning of female power in the context of the interaction of gender and lordship in twelfth-century society.
Francis Oakley
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300176339
- eISBN:
- 9780300183504
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300176339.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter discusses Charles Homer Haskins' view of the twelfth century, which described it as “rather a slack period in the history of political theory.” Haskins noted that “the pamphlet ...
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This chapter discusses Charles Homer Haskins' view of the twelfth century, which described it as “rather a slack period in the history of political theory.” Haskins noted that “the pamphlet literature dealing with church and state had just spent its force during the controversy over investiture, and the more systematic discussion awaited the translation of Aristotle's Politics circa 1260 and the Summa of Thomas Aquinas,” as a somewhat indifferent appraisal of the significance of John of Salisbury's Policraticus or Statesman's Book. Even though it is a plausible judgment, one should not underestimate the importance of “the mighty iceberg of change,” especially in relation to the subsequent history of political thinking and the history of intellectual life at large.Less
This chapter discusses Charles Homer Haskins' view of the twelfth century, which described it as “rather a slack period in the history of political theory.” Haskins noted that “the pamphlet literature dealing with church and state had just spent its force during the controversy over investiture, and the more systematic discussion awaited the translation of Aristotle's Politics circa 1260 and the Summa of Thomas Aquinas,” as a somewhat indifferent appraisal of the significance of John of Salisbury's Policraticus or Statesman's Book. Even though it is a plausible judgment, one should not underestimate the importance of “the mighty iceberg of change,” especially in relation to the subsequent history of political thinking and the history of intellectual life at large.
Susan M. Johns
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719063046
- eISBN:
- 9781781700280
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719063046.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter investigates the 1185 Rotuli de Dominabus et Pueris et Puellis de XII Comitatibus in order to consider the way that royal authority and the law shaped the experience of noblewomen, but ...
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This chapter investigates the 1185 Rotuli de Dominabus et Pueris et Puellis de XII Comitatibus in order to consider the way that royal authority and the law shaped the experience of noblewomen, but also to provide a cautionary account of the degree to which such sources present an external view of the societies in which noblewomen exercised power. Rotuli de Dominabus is a rich resource for the history of noblewomen in the twelfth century and for the study of social history. It also presents an unusually large sample of information on the value of noblewomen's lands. It confirms that dower was the principal form of the female land tenure of widows in late twelfth-century England. It then affirms that noblewomen had significant and important roles to play in the two dominant power structures of the twelfth-century, kinship and lordship, and the document shows that royal government recognised this.Less
This chapter investigates the 1185 Rotuli de Dominabus et Pueris et Puellis de XII Comitatibus in order to consider the way that royal authority and the law shaped the experience of noblewomen, but also to provide a cautionary account of the degree to which such sources present an external view of the societies in which noblewomen exercised power. Rotuli de Dominabus is a rich resource for the history of noblewomen in the twelfth century and for the study of social history. It also presents an unusually large sample of information on the value of noblewomen's lands. It confirms that dower was the principal form of the female land tenure of widows in late twelfth-century England. It then affirms that noblewomen had significant and important roles to play in the two dominant power structures of the twelfth-century, kinship and lordship, and the document shows that royal government recognised this.
Alan Coates
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207566
- eISBN:
- 9780191677724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207566.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, ...
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Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, patristic works, theological treatises, history and chronicles, and service books. There is also some hagiography and one volume of poetry, but none of the classical or grammatical works from the book list has survived. The Reading Abbey's list seems to be particularly strong in patristics: this impression is no doubt partly because the entries frequently contain references to more than one text in a given volume. This chapter compares the contents of the Fingall Cartulary list and the lists from Durham and Rochester. Two late twelfth-century book lists from Benedictine houses, Burton-on-Trent and Whitby, are also compared. The Durham and Rochester lists are strong in both classics and medicine. Reading and Durham both have copies of the lives of saints such as Cuthbert, Brendan, and Brigid.Less
Fifty-eight predominantly twelfth-century manuscripts that have a known or suspected Reading provenance survive. The principal contents fall into five main categories: glossed books of the Bible, patristic works, theological treatises, history and chronicles, and service books. There is also some hagiography and one volume of poetry, but none of the classical or grammatical works from the book list has survived. The Reading Abbey's list seems to be particularly strong in patristics: this impression is no doubt partly because the entries frequently contain references to more than one text in a given volume. This chapter compares the contents of the Fingall Cartulary list and the lists from Durham and Rochester. Two late twelfth-century book lists from Benedictine houses, Burton-on-Trent and Whitby, are also compared. The Durham and Rochester lists are strong in both classics and medicine. Reading and Durham both have copies of the lives of saints such as Cuthbert, Brendan, and Brigid.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226077598
- eISBN:
- 9780226077611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226077611.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
Fundamental changes that began to sweep through the culture, society, and economy of Western Christendom in the closing decades of the eleventh century radically transformed the laws and legal ...
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Fundamental changes that began to sweep through the culture, society, and economy of Western Christendom in the closing decades of the eleventh century radically transformed the laws and legal practices that prevailed during the early Middle Ages. Within the following century-and-a-half, a new legal culture emerged in the West. Specialized schools of civil law whose students studied Justinian's codified Roman law began to appear at Bologna shortly after 1100. In Bologna, too, an innovative textbook of canon law, appearing sometime in the 1140s and commonly known as “Gratian's Decretum,” soon displaced earlier canonical collections, both in the schools and in the courts. Signal developments in the law formed a key element in a larger intellectual movement that Charles Homer Haskins christened the renaissance of the twelfth century. Sir Paul Vinogradoff went on to describe the medieval revival of Roman law as “a ghost story.”Less
Fundamental changes that began to sweep through the culture, society, and economy of Western Christendom in the closing decades of the eleventh century radically transformed the laws and legal practices that prevailed during the early Middle Ages. Within the following century-and-a-half, a new legal culture emerged in the West. Specialized schools of civil law whose students studied Justinian's codified Roman law began to appear at Bologna shortly after 1100. In Bologna, too, an innovative textbook of canon law, appearing sometime in the 1140s and commonly known as “Gratian's Decretum,” soon displaced earlier canonical collections, both in the schools and in the courts. Signal developments in the law formed a key element in a larger intellectual movement that Charles Homer Haskins christened the renaissance of the twelfth century. Sir Paul Vinogradoff went on to describe the medieval revival of Roman law as “a ghost story.”
William M. Reddy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226706269
- eISBN:
- 9780226706283
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226706283.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, World Medieval History
This chapter presents evidence in support of a novel explanation of the origins of courtly love. It discusses three features of twelfth-century social life that combined to shape the courtly love ...
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This chapter presents evidence in support of a novel explanation of the origins of courtly love. It discusses three features of twelfth-century social life that combined to shape the courtly love ideal: a specific form of aristocratic speech; a related approach to kinship reckoning, gender identities, and “sexual” relationships; and the impact of the Gregorian Reform.Less
This chapter presents evidence in support of a novel explanation of the origins of courtly love. It discusses three features of twelfth-century social life that combined to shape the courtly love ideal: a specific form of aristocratic speech; a related approach to kinship reckoning, gender identities, and “sexual” relationships; and the impact of the Gregorian Reform.
Cynthia J. Neville
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748639588
- eISBN:
- 9780748653492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748639588.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Scottish Studies
This chapter explores the early evidence associated with lordly courts in the late twelfth and the thirteenth centuries, both those of the Anglo-Norman and European newcomers, and more particularly, ...
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This chapter explores the early evidence associated with lordly courts in the late twelfth and the thirteenth centuries, both those of the Anglo-Norman and European newcomers, and more particularly, those of the great native dignitaries. It then examines, compares, and contrasts the ways in which native aristocrats adopted and adapted English and European concepts of justice within these courts down to the mid-fourteenth century. It focuses on the ways in which Gaelic lords used the ceremony and ritual associated with the dispensation of justice to perpetuate — and enhance — uniquely native concepts of lordly authority.Less
This chapter explores the early evidence associated with lordly courts in the late twelfth and the thirteenth centuries, both those of the Anglo-Norman and European newcomers, and more particularly, those of the great native dignitaries. It then examines, compares, and contrasts the ways in which native aristocrats adopted and adapted English and European concepts of justice within these courts down to the mid-fourteenth century. It focuses on the ways in which Gaelic lords used the ceremony and ritual associated with the dispensation of justice to perpetuate — and enhance — uniquely native concepts of lordly authority.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226077598
- eISBN:
- 9780226077611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226077611.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
Canon lawyers during the “long twelfth century” gradually began to act more and more like professionals. By the mid-twelfth century clever and enterprising men could already make a living, often ...
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Canon lawyers during the “long twelfth century” gradually began to act more and more like professionals. By the mid-twelfth century clever and enterprising men could already make a living, often quite a comfortable one, from the teaching and practice of civil or canon law. The occupational skills that civilians and canonists possessed opened up opportunities for advancement in the church's hierarchy. One traditional characteristic of professional status is the belief that, unlike those who follow less prestigious trades and occupations, professionals undertake to observe special ethical rules more demanding than those that apply to non-professionals. As canon lawyers became more numerous and more visible in Western Christendom, both they and their detractors searched for acceptable answers to issues such as these. Critics of the jurists grew increasingly abundant and vocal as the twelfth century progressed. By the early decades of the thirteenth century, practitioners of canon law and civilians alike were under verbal assault from all sides. This chapter focuses on pre-professional lawyers in twelfth-century church courts.Less
Canon lawyers during the “long twelfth century” gradually began to act more and more like professionals. By the mid-twelfth century clever and enterprising men could already make a living, often quite a comfortable one, from the teaching and practice of civil or canon law. The occupational skills that civilians and canonists possessed opened up opportunities for advancement in the church's hierarchy. One traditional characteristic of professional status is the belief that, unlike those who follow less prestigious trades and occupations, professionals undertake to observe special ethical rules more demanding than those that apply to non-professionals. As canon lawyers became more numerous and more visible in Western Christendom, both they and their detractors searched for acceptable answers to issues such as these. Critics of the jurists grew increasingly abundant and vocal as the twelfth century progressed. By the early decades of the thirteenth century, practitioners of canon law and civilians alike were under verbal assault from all sides. This chapter focuses on pre-professional lawyers in twelfth-century church courts.
Irene O'Daly
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526109491
- eISBN:
- 9781526132338
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526109491.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter provides an introduction to the life and works of John of Salisbury, as well as an overview of existing scholarship on this key figure of the twelfth-century Renaissance. It presents the ...
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This chapter provides an introduction to the life and works of John of Salisbury, as well as an overview of existing scholarship on this key figure of the twelfth-century Renaissance. It presents the method of the study, namely to look at John of Salisbury’s writings in the context in which they were produced, as well as introducing the principal argument of the monograph - that John’s works were influenced by Roman Stoic writing to a degree that has thus far been underestimated. It concludes by investigating annotations appended to early examples of John’s Policraticus, suggesting they provide an insight into how the text was first read.Less
This chapter provides an introduction to the life and works of John of Salisbury, as well as an overview of existing scholarship on this key figure of the twelfth-century Renaissance. It presents the method of the study, namely to look at John of Salisbury’s writings in the context in which they were produced, as well as introducing the principal argument of the monograph - that John’s works were influenced by Roman Stoic writing to a degree that has thus far been underestimated. It concludes by investigating annotations appended to early examples of John’s Policraticus, suggesting they provide an insight into how the text was first read.
David Bates
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199674411
- eISBN:
- 9780191752339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674411.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
After an explanation of the value of importing the methodology of life histories into the study of the history of the Normans, the English, and other peoples, the chapter is divided into two ...
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After an explanation of the value of importing the methodology of life histories into the study of the history of the Normans, the English, and other peoples, the chapter is divided into two sections. The first sets out multiple life-stories to illustrate the many possibilities that empire opened up and the second is an analysis of the contribution of the main contemporary narrative historians of the cross-Channel empire. It uses all this material to explore values, norms, scripts, rules, and factors other than the ethnic and the imperial as explanations of behaviour. It emphasizes the significance of locality and region, and also the significance of norms and scripts that range from gender to religious rules such as the Rule of St. Benedict. Alongside an argument for a continuing cross-Channel dynamic, the chapter also emphasizes evident early disillusion with empire in Normandy, the mixing and assimilation of peoples, and the continuing economic and cultural distinctions associated with the enduring power of the cross-Channel elite.Less
After an explanation of the value of importing the methodology of life histories into the study of the history of the Normans, the English, and other peoples, the chapter is divided into two sections. The first sets out multiple life-stories to illustrate the many possibilities that empire opened up and the second is an analysis of the contribution of the main contemporary narrative historians of the cross-Channel empire. It uses all this material to explore values, norms, scripts, rules, and factors other than the ethnic and the imperial as explanations of behaviour. It emphasizes the significance of locality and region, and also the significance of norms and scripts that range from gender to religious rules such as the Rule of St. Benedict. Alongside an argument for a continuing cross-Channel dynamic, the chapter also emphasizes evident early disillusion with empire in Normandy, the mixing and assimilation of peoples, and the continuing economic and cultural distinctions associated with the enduring power of the cross-Channel elite.
Alastair Matthews
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199656998
- eISBN:
- 9780191742187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199656998.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
The conclusion draws together the findings about individual Kaiserchronik episodes obtained in the book, arguing that the chronicle's narrative technique is at least as important as its ...
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The conclusion draws together the findings about individual Kaiserchronik episodes obtained in the book, arguing that the chronicle's narrative technique is at least as important as its religious-didactic function. To reinforce the argument, four subsequent Middle High German works that feature figures encountered in the Kaiserchronik are considered—Konrad von Würzburg's Silvester and Schwanritter, Rudolf von Ems's Der guote Gêrhart, and the anonymous Kreuzfahrt des Landgrafen Ludwigs des Frommen. Finally, the chapter suggests that the various aspects of narrative technique described in the book converge in the concept of the literary character in the Kaiserchronik.Less
The conclusion draws together the findings about individual Kaiserchronik episodes obtained in the book, arguing that the chronicle's narrative technique is at least as important as its religious-didactic function. To reinforce the argument, four subsequent Middle High German works that feature figures encountered in the Kaiserchronik are considered—Konrad von Würzburg's Silvester and Schwanritter, Rudolf von Ems's Der guote Gêrhart, and the anonymous Kreuzfahrt des Landgrafen Ludwigs des Frommen. Finally, the chapter suggests that the various aspects of narrative technique described in the book converge in the concept of the literary character in the Kaiserchronik.
Alan Coates
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207566
- eISBN:
- 9780191677724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207566.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Individual monks of Reading Abbey acquired books for themselves that subsequently passed into the abbey’s collections on their deaths. The procedure at Reading would probably have been broadly ...
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Individual monks of Reading Abbey acquired books for themselves that subsequently passed into the abbey’s collections on their deaths. The procedure at Reading would probably have been broadly similar to that followed at St Augustine’s, Canterbury, as outlined in its fourteenth-century customary. Evidence for the appropriation of monks’ books by Reading Abbey may be found in the book list in the Fingall Cartulary, which contains references to donations by twelve named figures (contemporary book lists from other houses, notably the 1202 list from Rochester, also record the names of donors). Two of the donors whose names appear in the Reading list held high office in the abbey: Anscher, the second abbot (1130–1135), and sub-prior Anselm. Other donations to the abbey include a small, two-volume Bible and a glossed Pentateuch. Donors range from Thomas of Hyde to Adam de Dimmoc, Hugh of Buckingham, Master Martines, Hugh Physicus, and Master Gilbert. A great many of the surviving twelfth-century manuscripts appear to have been copied at or for the abbey.Less
Individual monks of Reading Abbey acquired books for themselves that subsequently passed into the abbey’s collections on their deaths. The procedure at Reading would probably have been broadly similar to that followed at St Augustine’s, Canterbury, as outlined in its fourteenth-century customary. Evidence for the appropriation of monks’ books by Reading Abbey may be found in the book list in the Fingall Cartulary, which contains references to donations by twelve named figures (contemporary book lists from other houses, notably the 1202 list from Rochester, also record the names of donors). Two of the donors whose names appear in the Reading list held high office in the abbey: Anscher, the second abbot (1130–1135), and sub-prior Anselm. Other donations to the abbey include a small, two-volume Bible and a glossed Pentateuch. Donors range from Thomas of Hyde to Adam de Dimmoc, Hugh of Buckingham, Master Martines, Hugh Physicus, and Master Gilbert. A great many of the surviving twelfth-century manuscripts appear to have been copied at or for the abbey.
Michael Staunton
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- July 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198769965
- eISBN:
- 9780191822742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198769965.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History, Historiography
This chapter addresses the question of why so many people in England at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth chose to write contemporary history. A distinctive feature ...
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This chapter addresses the question of why so many people in England at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth chose to write contemporary history. A distinctive feature of historical writing in Angevin England is the attention paid to recent events. Here, various possible explanations for this trend are advanced, including the prominence of secular writers in this period, the inheritance of a body of English history written by an earlier generation, political developments from the 1170s onwards, and a greater attention to modernity in certain intellectual circles. It is suggested that among the most important contributory factors are the dramatic events themselves of the last decades of the twelfth century.Less
This chapter addresses the question of why so many people in England at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth chose to write contemporary history. A distinctive feature of historical writing in Angevin England is the attention paid to recent events. Here, various possible explanations for this trend are advanced, including the prominence of secular writers in this period, the inheritance of a body of English history written by an earlier generation, political developments from the 1170s onwards, and a greater attention to modernity in certain intellectual circles. It is suggested that among the most important contributory factors are the dramatic events themselves of the last decades of the twelfth century.
Robert Chazan
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520221277
- eISBN:
- 9780520923959
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520221277.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This concluding chapter reviews the important points that were discussed in the previous twelve chapters of the book. It looks at the time-bound objectives of the three Hebrew First Crusade ...
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This concluding chapter reviews the important points that were discussed in the previous twelve chapters of the book. It looks at the time-bound objectives of the three Hebrew First Crusade narratives that were discussed. It identifies the timeless issues faced by the survivors of the 1096 catastrophe, and details the impact of the “twelfth-century renaissance.” The chapter also examines concepts such as talmudic exegenesis, Jewish immersion, and Jewish creativity.Less
This concluding chapter reviews the important points that were discussed in the previous twelve chapters of the book. It looks at the time-bound objectives of the three Hebrew First Crusade narratives that were discussed. It identifies the timeless issues faced by the survivors of the 1096 catastrophe, and details the impact of the “twelfth-century renaissance.” The chapter also examines concepts such as talmudic exegenesis, Jewish immersion, and Jewish creativity.
Frederick Christian Bauerschmidt
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199213146
- eISBN:
- 9780191762734
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213146.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter begins with discussions of the social and intellectual transitions that occurred in the twelfth century, and how these various forces coalesced into institutional structures in the ...
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This chapter begins with discussions of the social and intellectual transitions that occurred in the twelfth century, and how these various forces coalesced into institutional structures in the thirteenth century. Different schools produced universities and other educational institutions; the movements of renewal in religious life produced the great mendicant orders of the Franciscans and Dominicans. Both of these are important for understanding the thought of Thomas Aquinas. The chapter then describes the life of Aquinas.Less
This chapter begins with discussions of the social and intellectual transitions that occurred in the twelfth century, and how these various forces coalesced into institutional structures in the thirteenth century. Different schools produced universities and other educational institutions; the movements of renewal in religious life produced the great mendicant orders of the Franciscans and Dominicans. Both of these are important for understanding the thought of Thomas Aquinas. The chapter then describes the life of Aquinas.
