Mark J. Joe
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199205301
- eISBN:
- 9780191695612
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205301.003.0022
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Corporate Governance and Accountability, Business History
This chapter examines political change in continental Europe. The recent demand for more pro-shareholder corporate governance in continental Europe and for legal structures that facilitate ownership ...
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This chapter examines political change in continental Europe. The recent demand for more pro-shareholder corporate governance in continental Europe and for legal structures that facilitate ownership separation follows European politics' move rightward, away from its late 20th-century history of strong social democratic politics. Politics, product markets, efforts to improve corporate law's institutions, and new capital-raising methods are all moving simultaneously.Less
This chapter examines political change in continental Europe. The recent demand for more pro-shareholder corporate governance in continental Europe and for legal structures that facilitate ownership separation follows European politics' move rightward, away from its late 20th-century history of strong social democratic politics. Politics, product markets, efforts to improve corporate law's institutions, and new capital-raising methods are all moving simultaneously.
Jaya Choraria
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199234707
- eISBN:
- 9780191715488
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199234707.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter details a study of commodity value chain compression for coffee, cocoa, and sugar. The study uses time series data of prices along entire commodity chains from raw material in a ...
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This chapter details a study of commodity value chain compression for coffee, cocoa, and sugar. The study uses time series data of prices along entire commodity chains from raw material in a commodity exporting developing country to final retail produce in a developed consuming country, in order to provide descriptive analysis of the evolution of farm gate-to-retail price spreads. Comparisons are made across the commodities studied and across countries in order to provide insight into the causes of changes in the farm gate-to-retail price spread over time.Less
This chapter details a study of commodity value chain compression for coffee, cocoa, and sugar. The study uses time series data of prices along entire commodity chains from raw material in a commodity exporting developing country to final retail produce in a developed consuming country, in order to provide descriptive analysis of the evolution of farm gate-to-retail price spreads. Comparisons are made across the commodities studied and across countries in order to provide insight into the causes of changes in the farm gate-to-retail price spread over time.
Franz Traxler, Sabine Blaschke, and Bernhard Kittel
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198295549
- eISBN:
- 9780191685132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198295549.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, HRM / IR, Political Economy
This chapter presents and explains the five basic problems of using a quantitative research design and methodology in studying the development and performance of the twenty countries over thirty ...
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This chapter presents and explains the five basic problems of using a quantitative research design and methodology in studying the development and performance of the twenty countries over thirty decades: the use of a single, interval-scaled variable in measuring institutional concepts; how indicators do not reflect validity; the time series properties of the cross-sectional data used in the study; the use of significance tests in analysing the ‘populations’ of the countries involved; and the limited number of variables that can be included. The study takes on a theoretical approach to analyse the impact of internationalization of labour relations and the effects of institutional factors. The study's main focus lies on developing new measures for labour relations that fair comparably better while addressing the issues in question.Less
This chapter presents and explains the five basic problems of using a quantitative research design and methodology in studying the development and performance of the twenty countries over thirty decades: the use of a single, interval-scaled variable in measuring institutional concepts; how indicators do not reflect validity; the time series properties of the cross-sectional data used in the study; the use of significance tests in analysing the ‘populations’ of the countries involved; and the limited number of variables that can be included. The study takes on a theoretical approach to analyse the impact of internationalization of labour relations and the effects of institutional factors. The study's main focus lies on developing new measures for labour relations that fair comparably better while addressing the issues in question.
Andrew E. Clark, Sarah Flèche, Richard Layard, Nattavudh Powdthavee, and George Ward
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196336
- eISBN:
- 9780691196954
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196336.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Behavioural Economics
This chapter shows that, while happiness is not the same with income, income still affects happiness. Indeed, the effect of income on happiness is one of the best-measured effects in all happiness ...
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This chapter shows that, while happiness is not the same with income, income still affects happiness. Indeed, the effect of income on happiness is one of the best-measured effects in all happiness research. It presents the evidence to this effect. Again, the chapter begins with evidence from the British Cohort Study, mostly cross-sectional. It then goes on to time-series data on individuals drawn from three panel studies for Britain, Germany, and Australia, as well as cross-section data on the United States. The chapter also examines the key role of social comparisons and adaptation, before tracing how the income factor is determined by earlier childhood experiences.Less
This chapter shows that, while happiness is not the same with income, income still affects happiness. Indeed, the effect of income on happiness is one of the best-measured effects in all happiness research. It presents the evidence to this effect. Again, the chapter begins with evidence from the British Cohort Study, mostly cross-sectional. It then goes on to time-series data on individuals drawn from three panel studies for Britain, Germany, and Australia, as well as cross-section data on the United States. The chapter also examines the key role of social comparisons and adaptation, before tracing how the income factor is determined by earlier childhood experiences.
M. Hashem Pesaran
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198736912
- eISBN:
- 9780191800504
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198736912.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
This book is concerned with recent developments in time series and panel data techniques for the analysis of macroeconomic and financial data. It provides an account of the time series techniques ...
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This book is concerned with recent developments in time series and panel data techniques for the analysis of macroeconomic and financial data. It provides an account of the time series techniques dealing with univariate and multivariate time series models, as well as panel data models. It attempts at an integration of time series, multivariate analysis, and panel data models. It builds on previous research in the areas of time series and panel data analysis, particularly recent developments in the analysis of panels with a large time series dimension and covers a wide variety of topics. The book begins with an overview of basic econometric and statistical techniques, and provides an account of stochastic processes, univariate and multivariate time series, tests for unit roots, cointegration, impulse response analysis, autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models, simultaneous equation models, vector autoregressions, causality, forecasting, multivariate volatility models, panel data models, aggregation and global vector autoregressive models (GVAR). The techniques are illustrated using Microfit 5 with applications to economic variables like real output and inflation and financial variables like, interest rates, exchange rates, and stock prices.Less
This book is concerned with recent developments in time series and panel data techniques for the analysis of macroeconomic and financial data. It provides an account of the time series techniques dealing with univariate and multivariate time series models, as well as panel data models. It attempts at an integration of time series, multivariate analysis, and panel data models. It builds on previous research in the areas of time series and panel data analysis, particularly recent developments in the analysis of panels with a large time series dimension and covers a wide variety of topics. The book begins with an overview of basic econometric and statistical techniques, and provides an account of stochastic processes, univariate and multivariate time series, tests for unit roots, cointegration, impulse response analysis, autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models, simultaneous equation models, vector autoregressions, causality, forecasting, multivariate volatility models, panel data models, aggregation and global vector autoregressive models (GVAR). The techniques are illustrated using Microfit 5 with applications to economic variables like real output and inflation and financial variables like, interest rates, exchange rates, and stock prices.
Otso Ovaskainen, Henrik Johan de Knegt, and Maria del Mar Delgado
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198714866
- eISBN:
- 9780191783210
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198714866.003.0004
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology, Biomathematics / Statistics and Data Analysis / Complexity Studies
This chapter introduces mathematical and statistical modelling approaches in community ecology. It starts with a conceptual section, continues with mathematical and statistical sections, and ends ...
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This chapter introduces mathematical and statistical modelling approaches in community ecology. It starts with a conceptual section, continues with mathematical and statistical sections, and ends with a perspectives section. The conceptual section motivates the modelling approaches by providing the necessary background to community ecology. The mathematical sections start with models of two interacting species in homogeneous space, including a model with competitive interactions, a resource–consumer model, and a predator–prey model. The competition model is expanded to heterogeneous space and to the case of many competing species. This model is used to analyse the consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation at the community level. To illustrate the interplay between models and data, the statistical section analyses data generated by the mathematical models, with emphasis on time-series data of two interacting species, point pattern analyses, and joint species distribution models.Less
This chapter introduces mathematical and statistical modelling approaches in community ecology. It starts with a conceptual section, continues with mathematical and statistical sections, and ends with a perspectives section. The conceptual section motivates the modelling approaches by providing the necessary background to community ecology. The mathematical sections start with models of two interacting species in homogeneous space, including a model with competitive interactions, a resource–consumer model, and a predator–prey model. The competition model is expanded to heterogeneous space and to the case of many competing species. This model is used to analyse the consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation at the community level. To illustrate the interplay between models and data, the statistical section analyses data generated by the mathematical models, with emphasis on time-series data of two interacting species, point pattern analyses, and joint species distribution models.
Erik Biørn, Erik Biørn, Erik Biørn, and Erik Biørn
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198753445
- eISBN:
- 9780191815072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198753445.003.0010
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
This chapter extends some of the models and procedures discussed in Chapters 2 and 3 to handle unbalanced panel data with unobserved heterogeneity. Types of unbalance are discussed and may affect the ...
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This chapter extends some of the models and procedures discussed in Chapters 2 and 3 to handle unbalanced panel data with unobserved heterogeneity. Types of unbalance are discussed and may affect the preferred procedure. Attention is given to the required modifications of the within-, between-, GLS- and OLS-estimators and their relationships. Two kinds of between-estimators are involved. Procedures for estimation of the variance components and joint ML estimation of coefficients and variance components are discussed.Less
This chapter extends some of the models and procedures discussed in Chapters 2 and 3 to handle unbalanced panel data with unobserved heterogeneity. Types of unbalance are discussed and may affect the preferred procedure. Attention is given to the required modifications of the within-, between-, GLS- and OLS-estimators and their relationships. Two kinds of between-estimators are involved. Procedures for estimation of the variance components and joint ML estimation of coefficients and variance components are discussed.
A. Narayanamoorthy
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780190126131
- eISBN:
- 9780190991593
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190126131.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter looks at the impact of support price policy on the income from paddy crop. Markets for agricultural produces in India are mostly unorganized and distorted where farmers are often ...
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This chapter looks at the impact of support price policy on the income from paddy crop. Markets for agricultural produces in India are mostly unorganized and distorted where farmers are often scrupulously exploited. Also since the elasticity of demand for agricultural commodities particularly foodgrains is less than unit, increased production during bumper harvest brings down the prices of agricultural commodities sharply. But, the support price provided to paddy has come under severe scrutiny for various reasons in recent years. Farmers have been demanding for higher support price for paddy but some economists argue that increase in paddy price is ‘dirty economics and dirtier politics’. With the help of time series data, chapter 4 provides an elegant analysis whether the support price scheme has helped paddy cultivating farmers in terms of increasing their income.Less
This chapter looks at the impact of support price policy on the income from paddy crop. Markets for agricultural produces in India are mostly unorganized and distorted where farmers are often scrupulously exploited. Also since the elasticity of demand for agricultural commodities particularly foodgrains is less than unit, increased production during bumper harvest brings down the prices of agricultural commodities sharply. But, the support price provided to paddy has come under severe scrutiny for various reasons in recent years. Farmers have been demanding for higher support price for paddy but some economists argue that increase in paddy price is ‘dirty economics and dirtier politics’. With the help of time series data, chapter 4 provides an elegant analysis whether the support price scheme has helped paddy cultivating farmers in terms of increasing their income.
