Robert Kraut
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199228126
- eISBN:
- 9780191711053
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228126.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
The artworld is a complicated place. It contains acts of artistic creation, interpretation, evaluation, preservation, misunderstanding, and condemnation. The goal of this book is to turn a critical ...
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The artworld is a complicated place. It contains acts of artistic creation, interpretation, evaluation, preservation, misunderstanding, and condemnation. The goal of this book is to turn a critical reflective eye upon various aspects of the artworld, and to articulate some of the problems, principles, and norms implicit in the actual practices of artistic creation, interpretation, evaluation, and commodification. Aesthetic theory is treated as a descriptive, rather than normative, enterprise: one that relates to artworld realities as a semantic theory relates to the fragments of natural language it seeks to describe. Sustained efforts are made to illuminate emotional expression, correct interpretation, and objectivity in the context of artworld practice; the relevance of jazz to aesthetic theory; the goals of ontology (artworld and otherwise); the relation(s) between art and language; and the relation(s) between artistic/critical practice and aesthetic theory.Less
The artworld is a complicated place. It contains acts of artistic creation, interpretation, evaluation, preservation, misunderstanding, and condemnation. The goal of this book is to turn a critical reflective eye upon various aspects of the artworld, and to articulate some of the problems, principles, and norms implicit in the actual practices of artistic creation, interpretation, evaluation, and commodification. Aesthetic theory is treated as a descriptive, rather than normative, enterprise: one that relates to artworld realities as a semantic theory relates to the fragments of natural language it seeks to describe. Sustained efforts are made to illuminate emotional expression, correct interpretation, and objectivity in the context of artworld practice; the relevance of jazz to aesthetic theory; the goals of ontology (artworld and otherwise); the relation(s) between art and language; and the relation(s) between artistic/critical practice and aesthetic theory.
Thomas Ahrens
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199546350
- eISBN:
- 9780191720048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546350.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
This chapter explores some of the ways in which intentionality is played out in everyday accounting practices. From a practice perspective accounting is an array of activities that is ordered by ...
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This chapter explores some of the ways in which intentionality is played out in everyday accounting practices. From a practice perspective accounting is an array of activities that is ordered by practical understandings, rules, and objectives, and projects, and one that forms a nexus of practices together with management and control practices, commercial practices, reporting practices, bookkeeping practices, and suchlike. Intentionality is important for ordering accounting practices and for connecting them to other practices. A practice lens can also help overcome distinctions between accounting change and accounting routines by showing how everyday accounting practices can give rise to change.Less
This chapter explores some of the ways in which intentionality is played out in everyday accounting practices. From a practice perspective accounting is an array of activities that is ordered by practical understandings, rules, and objectives, and projects, and one that forms a nexus of practices together with management and control practices, commercial practices, reporting practices, bookkeeping practices, and suchlike. Intentionality is important for ordering accounting practices and for connecting them to other practices. A practice lens can also help overcome distinctions between accounting change and accounting routines by showing how everyday accounting practices can give rise to change.
Jane Baxter and Wai Fong Chua
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199546350
- eISBN:
- 9780191720048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546350.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
This chapter overviews the substantive nature and effects of Hopwood's (1983) seminal paper encouraging researchers to study management accounting in its organizational context. Hopwood's paper is ...
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This chapter overviews the substantive nature and effects of Hopwood's (1983) seminal paper encouraging researchers to study management accounting in its organizational context. Hopwood's paper is significant for two reasons: first, it portrays management accounting in terms of potentially diverse, shifting, local practices; and, second, it encourages researchers to examine such practices using field research methods. Not only has this paper's argument become attached to fundamental methodological debate within the discipline, it has also encouraged a varied stream of engaging and thought provoking empirical research studies over the last twenty-five years. Additionally, Hopwood's arguments are outlined to possess continuing salience, reinvigorating research through its engagement with contemporary practice theories characterizing management accounting as situated accomplishments. Opportunities are created with respect to theorizing local variations in management accounting practices and considering the implications that these may have for notions such as ‘organizations’ and ‘institutions’.Less
This chapter overviews the substantive nature and effects of Hopwood's (1983) seminal paper encouraging researchers to study management accounting in its organizational context. Hopwood's paper is significant for two reasons: first, it portrays management accounting in terms of potentially diverse, shifting, local practices; and, second, it encourages researchers to examine such practices using field research methods. Not only has this paper's argument become attached to fundamental methodological debate within the discipline, it has also encouraged a varied stream of engaging and thought provoking empirical research studies over the last twenty-five years. Additionally, Hopwood's arguments are outlined to possess continuing salience, reinvigorating research through its engagement with contemporary practice theories characterizing management accounting as situated accomplishments. Opportunities are created with respect to theorizing local variations in management accounting practices and considering the implications that these may have for notions such as ‘organizations’ and ‘institutions’.
Paul Duguid
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199545490
- eISBN:
- 9780191720093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199545490.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Knowledge Management
This chapter challenges recent attempts to reduce knowledge to information and to dismiss tacit knowledge as nothing more than uncodified explicit knowledge. Polanyi's notion of a tacit dimension ...
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This chapter challenges recent attempts to reduce knowledge to information and to dismiss tacit knowledge as nothing more than uncodified explicit knowledge. Polanyi's notion of a tacit dimension affected numerous disciplines, because it addressed aspects of learning and identity that individual, cognitive accounts failed to account for. In situating knowledge, identity, and learning within communities, the chapter points to the ethical and epistemic entailments of communities of practice and stress the difference, rather than the commonalities, between this and other apparently congenial forms of social analysis.Less
This chapter challenges recent attempts to reduce knowledge to information and to dismiss tacit knowledge as nothing more than uncodified explicit knowledge. Polanyi's notion of a tacit dimension affected numerous disciplines, because it addressed aspects of learning and identity that individual, cognitive accounts failed to account for. In situating knowledge, identity, and learning within communities, the chapter points to the ethical and epistemic entailments of communities of practice and stress the difference, rather than the commonalities, between this and other apparently congenial forms of social analysis.
Robert Wuthnow
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159898
- eISBN:
- 9781400852116
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159898.003.0014
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter begins by briefly reviewing the two standard approaches to religion often regarded as the most widely discussed alternative perspectives on the relationship between religion and society: ...
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This chapter begins by briefly reviewing the two standard approaches to religion often regarded as the most widely discussed alternative perspectives on the relationship between religion and society: secularization theory and rational choice theory. It then discusses how practice theory and an emphasis on lived religion have focused attention on the intricacies of religious practice both outside and inside of religious institutions at the micro level of individual and small-group behavior and yet have failed to provide strong linkages with the macrolevel social structures and processes that interested scholars in earlier studies. The third section draws on studies of race and ethnicity to emphasize how the concept of symbolic boundaries serves as a useful way of thinking about religious categories and identities. The fourth section outlines the processes through which the identities defined by symbolic boundaries change over time and suggests how to bring in consideration of the influences on these processes of political arrangements, demographic factors, and social institutions. Finally, it suggests applications of this multilevel perspective to the analysis of religious actors' strategies of institution building, the dynamics of church and state relations, connections of religion to racial and ethnic politics, and the restructuring of religion.Less
This chapter begins by briefly reviewing the two standard approaches to religion often regarded as the most widely discussed alternative perspectives on the relationship between religion and society: secularization theory and rational choice theory. It then discusses how practice theory and an emphasis on lived religion have focused attention on the intricacies of religious practice both outside and inside of religious institutions at the micro level of individual and small-group behavior and yet have failed to provide strong linkages with the macrolevel social structures and processes that interested scholars in earlier studies. The third section draws on studies of race and ethnicity to emphasize how the concept of symbolic boundaries serves as a useful way of thinking about religious categories and identities. The fourth section outlines the processes through which the identities defined by symbolic boundaries change over time and suggests how to bring in consideration of the influences on these processes of political arrangements, demographic factors, and social institutions. Finally, it suggests applications of this multilevel perspective to the analysis of religious actors' strategies of institution building, the dynamics of church and state relations, connections of religion to racial and ethnic politics, and the restructuring of religion.
Robert Kraut
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199228126
- eISBN:
- 9780191711053
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228126.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Aesthetic theory occupies a curiously ”marginalized” position on the philosophical map. This chapter identifies two contributing factors: a tendency to collapse the distinction between artworld ...
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Aesthetic theory occupies a curiously ”marginalized” position on the philosophical map. This chapter identifies two contributing factors: a tendency to collapse the distinction between artworld practice and theoretical reflections upon it, and a tendency to ignore relevant artworld data. It is suggested that the relation between artworld practice and aesthetic theory parallels that between physics and the philosophy of physics, or between a natural language and a semantic theory that seeks to describe it.Less
Aesthetic theory occupies a curiously ”marginalized” position on the philosophical map. This chapter identifies two contributing factors: a tendency to collapse the distinction between artworld practice and theoretical reflections upon it, and a tendency to ignore relevant artworld data. It is suggested that the relation between artworld practice and aesthetic theory parallels that between physics and the philosophy of physics, or between a natural language and a semantic theory that seeks to describe it.
Robert E. Goodin
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199547944
- eISBN:
- 9780191720116
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547944.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Political Theory
In recent years, democratic theory has taken a ‘deliberative’ turn. Deliberative democrats tell us, most fundamentally, that we should shun merely adding up votes in favour of talking together. What ...
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In recent years, democratic theory has taken a ‘deliberative’ turn. Deliberative democrats tell us, most fundamentally, that we should shun merely adding up votes in favour of talking together. What especially distinguishes the deliberative democracy movement is its concern with finding ways of putting the theory into practice. A host of micro-deliberative innovations — Citizen's Juries, Consensus Conferences, Deliberative Polls — show us what deliberative democracy might look like in miniature.Less
In recent years, democratic theory has taken a ‘deliberative’ turn. Deliberative democrats tell us, most fundamentally, that we should shun merely adding up votes in favour of talking together. What especially distinguishes the deliberative democracy movement is its concern with finding ways of putting the theory into practice. A host of micro-deliberative innovations — Citizen's Juries, Consensus Conferences, Deliberative Polls — show us what deliberative democracy might look like in miniature.
Rebecca Maloy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195315172
- eISBN:
- 9780199776252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195315172.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Theory, Analysis, Composition, History, Western
This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate ...
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This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate the continuity between the earliest adiastematic sources and the pitched manuscripts that serve as the primary sources for the edition. Pitch‐level variants are especially common in the offertories, often pointing to an underlying practice of chromaticism that was incompatible with the Medieval notational matrix. The variants shed significant light on the interaction between Medieval theory and practice. and illustrate the interaction between theory and practice. Music manuscripts, Melodic variants, chromaticism, medieval theory and practiceLess
This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate the continuity between the earliest adiastematic sources and the pitched manuscripts that serve as the primary sources for the edition. Pitch‐level variants are especially common in the offertories, often pointing to an underlying practice of chromaticism that was incompatible with the Medieval notational matrix. The variants shed significant light on the interaction between Medieval theory and practice. and illustrate the interaction between theory and practice. Music manuscripts, Melodic variants, chromaticism, medieval theory and practice
Neal Peres Da Costa
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195386912
- eISBN:
- 9780199933365
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195386912.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
The conclusion rounds up the discussion provided in Chapters 2-5. Dislocation, arpeggiation, metrical rubato and various forms of rhythmic alteration, as well as tempo modification were indispensable ...
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The conclusion rounds up the discussion provided in Chapters 2-5. Dislocation, arpeggiation, metrical rubato and various forms of rhythmic alteration, as well as tempo modification were indispensable performing practices in piano playing around the turn of the twentieth century. Recorded examples reveal that many celebrated pianists around the turn of the twentieth century used these techniques in a manner that does not accord with current notions of good taste. The conclusion emphasises the need to understand the gulf between theory and practice, as well as to understand the meaning of the musical notation for composers and performers and the aesthetics of performance of bygone eras.Less
The conclusion rounds up the discussion provided in Chapters 2-5. Dislocation, arpeggiation, metrical rubato and various forms of rhythmic alteration, as well as tempo modification were indispensable performing practices in piano playing around the turn of the twentieth century. Recorded examples reveal that many celebrated pianists around the turn of the twentieth century used these techniques in a manner that does not accord with current notions of good taste. The conclusion emphasises the need to understand the gulf between theory and practice, as well as to understand the meaning of the musical notation for composers and performers and the aesthetics of performance of bygone eras.
Cass R. Sunstein
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195305104
- eISBN:
- 9780199850556
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305104.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This introductory chapter explores the concept of animal rights. It shows the range of possible positions concerning the animal rights issue and explores what issues, of theory or fact, separate ...
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This introductory chapter explores the concept of animal rights. It shows the range of possible positions concerning the animal rights issue and explores what issues, of theory or fact, separate reasonable people. The chapter claims that in at least some sense, almost everyone believes in animal rights, and that the real question is about what the phrase ‘animal rights’ actually means. It discusses the provisions of some state laws concerning animal rights, and the difference between animal rights and animal welfare. The introduction also explains the objectives of this book, which are to bring some new clarity to the animal rights debate, and to chart some new directions for both practice and theory.Less
This introductory chapter explores the concept of animal rights. It shows the range of possible positions concerning the animal rights issue and explores what issues, of theory or fact, separate reasonable people. The chapter claims that in at least some sense, almost everyone believes in animal rights, and that the real question is about what the phrase ‘animal rights’ actually means. It discusses the provisions of some state laws concerning animal rights, and the difference between animal rights and animal welfare. The introduction also explains the objectives of this book, which are to bring some new clarity to the animal rights debate, and to chart some new directions for both practice and theory.
Martin Loughlin
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199256853
- eISBN:
- 9780191594267
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256853.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
The relationship between theory and practice, the elements of which were examined in the previous chapters, complicates the exercise of devising a general account of political right. This chapter ...
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The relationship between theory and practice, the elements of which were examined in the previous chapters, complicates the exercise of devising a general account of political right. This chapter argues that the resulting tensions, which are clearly expressed in the character of the modern state itself, cannot be overcome but can only be negotiated. This means that rather than being treated as an explication of the science of political right, public law should be recognized as an exercise in political jurisprudence. The consequences are explained and the grammar of the practice is outlined.Less
The relationship between theory and practice, the elements of which were examined in the previous chapters, complicates the exercise of devising a general account of political right. This chapter argues that the resulting tensions, which are clearly expressed in the character of the modern state itself, cannot be overcome but can only be negotiated. This means that rather than being treated as an explication of the science of political right, public law should be recognized as an exercise in political jurisprudence. The consequences are explained and the grammar of the practice is outlined.
G. E. R. Lloyd
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199567874
- eISBN:
- 9780191721649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199567874.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy
This chapter explores the different ways in which what we can call mathematical investigations have been defined and practised in different societies. It argues that there is no one route that the ...
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This chapter explores the different ways in which what we can call mathematical investigations have been defined and practised in different societies. It argues that there is no one route that the development of mathematics had to, or did in practice, follow, once it became the subject of self-conscious inquiries. We have rich evidence on this issue from both ancient Greece and China in particular. Whereas some Greek mathematicians privilege demonstration in the axiomatic-deductive mode, Chinese mathematics was more concerned with heuristics and in growing the subject by extrapolation and analogy. There are also striking differences between Greek and Chinese, and understanding of the relation between mathematics and other areas of investigation, such as music theory and astronomy.Less
This chapter explores the different ways in which what we can call mathematical investigations have been defined and practised in different societies. It argues that there is no one route that the development of mathematics had to, or did in practice, follow, once it became the subject of self-conscious inquiries. We have rich evidence on this issue from both ancient Greece and China in particular. Whereas some Greek mathematicians privilege demonstration in the axiomatic-deductive mode, Chinese mathematics was more concerned with heuristics and in growing the subject by extrapolation and analogy. There are also striking differences between Greek and Chinese, and understanding of the relation between mathematics and other areas of investigation, such as music theory and astronomy.
David Owens
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199691500
- eISBN:
- 9780191744938
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691500.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
David Hume asked how it is possible to bind oneself by making a promise. Since breach of promise is, in essence, a bare wronging, Hume’s Problem of Normative Power is best understood as an instance ...
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David Hume asked how it is possible to bind oneself by making a promise. Since breach of promise is, in essence, a bare wronging, Hume’s Problem of Normative Power is best understood as an instance of the Problem of Bare Wronging, namely the problem of how an act can be wrong even though it constitutes action against no human interest. Hume and John Rawls both formulate versions of the practice theory of promising which attempt to resolve this problem. They both assume that the function of a promise is to serve our interest in social co-ordination. We can solve the problem and vindicate the practice theory only by rejecting this shared assumption.Less
David Hume asked how it is possible to bind oneself by making a promise. Since breach of promise is, in essence, a bare wronging, Hume’s Problem of Normative Power is best understood as an instance of the Problem of Bare Wronging, namely the problem of how an act can be wrong even though it constitutes action against no human interest. Hume and John Rawls both formulate versions of the practice theory of promising which attempt to resolve this problem. They both assume that the function of a promise is to serve our interest in social co-ordination. We can solve the problem and vindicate the practice theory only by rejecting this shared assumption.
Simon J. Bronner
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781496822628
- eISBN:
- 9781496822673
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496822628.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book proposes to answer the pressing philosophical as well as psychological question of why people repeat themselves. It redefines folklore as traditional knowledge that serves this need in ...
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This book proposes to answer the pressing philosophical as well as psychological question of why people repeat themselves. It redefines folklore as traditional knowledge that serves this need in human lives and develops a "practice theory" around this idea. Practice, more than other suggested keywords of performance or enactment in social theory, connects localized culture with the vernacular idea that "this is the way we do things around here." The term invites study of what people do repeatedly to understand what they have in "mind." Demonstrating the application of this theory in folkloristic studies, Bronner offers four provocative case studies of psychocultural meanings that arise from traditional "frames of action" and address issues of the day: labeling of boogiemen to express fear of sexual molestation, connecting "wild child" beliefs to school shootings, identifying the crisis of masculinity in adolescent expression. Turning his analysis to the analysts of tradition, Bronner uses practice theory to evaluate the agenda of folklorists in shaping perceptions of tradition-centered "folk societies" such as the Amish, unpacking the culturally based rationale of public folklore programming, interpreting the evolving idea of folk museums in a digital world, and assessing how the terms folklorists use and the things they do affect how people think about tradition. This is a book intended to think about what people do in the name of tradition, and why.Less
This book proposes to answer the pressing philosophical as well as psychological question of why people repeat themselves. It redefines folklore as traditional knowledge that serves this need in human lives and develops a "practice theory" around this idea. Practice, more than other suggested keywords of performance or enactment in social theory, connects localized culture with the vernacular idea that "this is the way we do things around here." The term invites study of what people do repeatedly to understand what they have in "mind." Demonstrating the application of this theory in folkloristic studies, Bronner offers four provocative case studies of psychocultural meanings that arise from traditional "frames of action" and address issues of the day: labeling of boogiemen to express fear of sexual molestation, connecting "wild child" beliefs to school shootings, identifying the crisis of masculinity in adolescent expression. Turning his analysis to the analysts of tradition, Bronner uses practice theory to evaluate the agenda of folklorists in shaping perceptions of tradition-centered "folk societies" such as the Amish, unpacking the culturally based rationale of public folklore programming, interpreting the evolving idea of folk museums in a digital world, and assessing how the terms folklorists use and the things they do affect how people think about tradition. This is a book intended to think about what people do in the name of tradition, and why.
Gillian Peiser
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447318538
- eISBN:
- 9781447318569
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447318538.003.0010
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter by Gillian Peiser suggests there are two main aspects of research to be considered: research in teacher education and research on teacher education. In relation to the former, the ...
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This chapter by Gillian Peiser suggests there are two main aspects of research to be considered: research in teacher education and research on teacher education. In relation to the former, the chapter discusses: pedagogical content knowledge, professional enquiry, and innovative modes of integrating theory and practice. In relation to the latter, the chapter focuses on how teachers learn. The discussion alludes to a number of challenges, each of which is manifested in a different way in each of the countries. The challenges include: the tensions between competence based teacher standards and a wider professional understanding, the contested nature of ‘valid’ educational research, issues related to teacher educators’ research capacity, and the difficulties in developing an evidence base in teacher education. 120Less
This chapter by Gillian Peiser suggests there are two main aspects of research to be considered: research in teacher education and research on teacher education. In relation to the former, the chapter discusses: pedagogical content knowledge, professional enquiry, and innovative modes of integrating theory and practice. In relation to the latter, the chapter focuses on how teachers learn. The discussion alludes to a number of challenges, each of which is manifested in a different way in each of the countries. The challenges include: the tensions between competence based teacher standards and a wider professional understanding, the contested nature of ‘valid’ educational research, issues related to teacher educators’ research capacity, and the difficulties in developing an evidence base in teacher education. 120
Phaedra Daipha
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226298542
- eISBN:
- 9780226298719
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226298719.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
The book’s last chapter provides a more systematic presentation of the call for a sociology of decision-making in three interrelated ways. First, it formulates and schematically articulates how the ...
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The book’s last chapter provides a more systematic presentation of the call for a sociology of decision-making in three interrelated ways. First, it formulates and schematically articulates how the main analytic components featured in the earlier, empirical chapters become entangled during the process of decision-making. Second, it theoretically elaborates this proposed conceptual framework of the decision-making process along three analytically distinct dimensions: practice, temporality, and risk. And third, by drawing on the extant literature on medical decision-making and financial decision-making respectively, it provides some external validity for the proposed framework and extends it along two additional analytic dimensions: intervention and performativity.Less
The book’s last chapter provides a more systematic presentation of the call for a sociology of decision-making in three interrelated ways. First, it formulates and schematically articulates how the main analytic components featured in the earlier, empirical chapters become entangled during the process of decision-making. Second, it theoretically elaborates this proposed conceptual framework of the decision-making process along three analytically distinct dimensions: practice, temporality, and risk. And third, by drawing on the extant literature on medical decision-making and financial decision-making respectively, it provides some external validity for the proposed framework and extends it along two additional analytic dimensions: intervention and performativity.
Mary C. Beaudry
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813061559
- eISBN:
- 9780813051468
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813061559.003.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
In chapter 1, Beaudry explores how household archaeology has grown into a vibrant area of archaeological research and provides an overview of the history of household archaeology, its major themes, ...
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In chapter 1, Beaudry explores how household archaeology has grown into a vibrant area of archaeological research and provides an overview of the history of household archaeology, its major themes, theoretical approaches, and emerging trends. More than the study of architecture, household archaeology provides an avenue through which scholars may address issues of gender, power, and inequality in different societies. Beaudry points out that these themes can be addressed by employing practice theory to investigate the object worlds that households create, the material habitus that develops within particular households, and the ways in which objects in those worlds affect household members’ identity and self-presentation within and beyond the household. Beaudry suggests that archaeological theory focusing on refuse and midden analysis is key for comprehending the emotional taphonomy of discard and its relationship to episodes of household upheaval. She sees the case studies in this volume as contributions to a historical archaeology of households that affords insight into the ways that individual households are enmeshed in wider social issues and processes.Less
In chapter 1, Beaudry explores how household archaeology has grown into a vibrant area of archaeological research and provides an overview of the history of household archaeology, its major themes, theoretical approaches, and emerging trends. More than the study of architecture, household archaeology provides an avenue through which scholars may address issues of gender, power, and inequality in different societies. Beaudry points out that these themes can be addressed by employing practice theory to investigate the object worlds that households create, the material habitus that develops within particular households, and the ways in which objects in those worlds affect household members’ identity and self-presentation within and beyond the household. Beaudry suggests that archaeological theory focusing on refuse and midden analysis is key for comprehending the emotional taphonomy of discard and its relationship to episodes of household upheaval. She sees the case studies in this volume as contributions to a historical archaeology of households that affords insight into the ways that individual households are enmeshed in wider social issues and processes.
Marian H. Feldman
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226105611
- eISBN:
- 9780226164427
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226164427.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Asian and Middle Eastern History: BCE to 500CE
Drawing on Bourdieu’s practice theory, style is taken as part of embodied practices that catalyze collective memories and community identity. These stylistic practices include both the production and ...
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Drawing on Bourdieu’s practice theory, style is taken as part of embodied practices that catalyze collective memories and community identity. These stylistic practices include both the production and consumption of style(s) as separate but intersecting spheres of practice, and thus act as a generator of networks of social relations. This chapter explores how stylistic traits form a critical component of collective memory, being the product and source of shared social practices at the levels of both creation and appreciation. Through such a lens, visual similarities between first millennium Levantine art and works from the preceding Late Bronze Age (c. 1600-1200/1180 BCE), here taking a particular set of animal markings as a case study, assume heightened meaningfulness within the context of newly emerging communities of identity in the early Iron Age Levant (10th and 9th centuries). The early Iron Age arts visually and materially manifested a connection to a past “golden age” through the selection of these stylistic traits that were freighted with Late Bronze Age connotations of heroic kingship.Less
Drawing on Bourdieu’s practice theory, style is taken as part of embodied practices that catalyze collective memories and community identity. These stylistic practices include both the production and consumption of style(s) as separate but intersecting spheres of practice, and thus act as a generator of networks of social relations. This chapter explores how stylistic traits form a critical component of collective memory, being the product and source of shared social practices at the levels of both creation and appreciation. Through such a lens, visual similarities between first millennium Levantine art and works from the preceding Late Bronze Age (c. 1600-1200/1180 BCE), here taking a particular set of animal markings as a case study, assume heightened meaningfulness within the context of newly emerging communities of identity in the early Iron Age Levant (10th and 9th centuries). The early Iron Age arts visually and materially manifested a connection to a past “golden age” through the selection of these stylistic traits that were freighted with Late Bronze Age connotations of heroic kingship.
Simon J. Bronner
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781496822628
- eISBN:
- 9781496822673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496822628.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter identifies a difference between European and American approaches to folklore around ideas of practice and performance, respectively. It evaluatesthe different forms of practice and ...
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This chapter identifies a difference between European and American approaches to folklore around ideas of practice and performance, respectively. It evaluatesthe different forms of practice and performance theory in social sciences and proposes that an Aristotlean concept of praxis is most appropriate for folklore and folklife studies.Less
This chapter identifies a difference between European and American approaches to folklore around ideas of practice and performance, respectively. It evaluatesthe different forms of practice and performance theory in social sciences and proposes that an Aristotlean concept of praxis is most appropriate for folklore and folklife studies.
Paul S. Goodman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199738656
- eISBN:
- 9780199895069
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199738656.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This book is about a new concept – Organizational Learning Contracts (OLCs). An OLC is a shared agreement among the major parties in an educational institution (faculty, staff, students) about what, ...
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This book is about a new concept – Organizational Learning Contracts (OLCs). An OLC is a shared agreement among the major parties in an educational institution (faculty, staff, students) about what, how, where, and when learning should take place. The book examines the consequences of strong and weak contracts in new and comparable traditional institutions. It is divided into two sections: (1) theory and research evidence and (2) practice. The book develops the concept of the OLC, builds measures of this concept, and then looks at the consequences of strong versus weak contracts on student and institutional effectiveness indicators. The practice section presents the perspectives of two leaders of start-up institutions who have created new OLCs and explores issues of design and change in introducing OLCs. There are some critical themes underlying this book. The first deals with change in higher education. The dilemma is that there are strong forces both for change (e.g., economic, global, technological) and for the status quo. The book addresses in a specific way how to create effective organizational change. Another theme is the start up of new institutions of higher education. The basic question is: if you could start from the beginning, with appropriate resources, how would you design a new institution. The book explores this theme from a research perspective and from those who created new colleges. A third theme is bridging theory and practice. The book looks at both the meaning and consequences of the OLC.Less
This book is about a new concept – Organizational Learning Contracts (OLCs). An OLC is a shared agreement among the major parties in an educational institution (faculty, staff, students) about what, how, where, and when learning should take place. The book examines the consequences of strong and weak contracts in new and comparable traditional institutions. It is divided into two sections: (1) theory and research evidence and (2) practice. The book develops the concept of the OLC, builds measures of this concept, and then looks at the consequences of strong versus weak contracts on student and institutional effectiveness indicators. The practice section presents the perspectives of two leaders of start-up institutions who have created new OLCs and explores issues of design and change in introducing OLCs. There are some critical themes underlying this book. The first deals with change in higher education. The dilemma is that there are strong forces both for change (e.g., economic, global, technological) and for the status quo. The book addresses in a specific way how to create effective organizational change. Another theme is the start up of new institutions of higher education. The basic question is: if you could start from the beginning, with appropriate resources, how would you design a new institution. The book explores this theme from a research perspective and from those who created new colleges. A third theme is bridging theory and practice. The book looks at both the meaning and consequences of the OLC.
