Richard Heffernan and Paul Webb
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199252015
- eISBN:
- 9780191602375
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252017.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Reviews a wide range of evidence to demonstrate three things. First, election campaigns have become more candidate-centered, with parties offering leaders greater prominence in their election ...
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Reviews a wide range of evidence to demonstrate three things. First, election campaigns have become more candidate-centered, with parties offering leaders greater prominence in their election campaigns and the media devoting greater attention to them. This development seems to have taken place since 1960, which coincides with the spread of mass access to television in Britain, and the erosion of class politics. Second, today’s major-party leaders are in significant ways more strongly placed to exert intra-party power than they were in 1980, much as we might expect of electoral-professional organizations. Third, and perhaps most important, it seems likely that the potential for prime ministerial power within the state’s political executive has been enhanced because of structural changes that have generated a larger and more integrated ‘executive office’ under his or her control since 1970.Of course, these developments have occurred in the context of a highly partified form of parliamentarism. Thus, it is not contended simply that Prime Ministers have become completely indistinguishable from Presidents, but rather, that a number of changes have occurred that are mutually consistent with the working logic of presidentialism.Less
Reviews a wide range of evidence to demonstrate three things. First, election campaigns have become more candidate-centered, with parties offering leaders greater prominence in their election campaigns and the media devoting greater attention to them. This development seems to have taken place since 1960, which coincides with the spread of mass access to television in Britain, and the erosion of class politics. Second, today’s major-party leaders are in significant ways more strongly placed to exert intra-party power than they were in 1980, much as we might expect of electoral-professional organizations. Third, and perhaps most important, it seems likely that the potential for prime ministerial power within the state’s political executive has been enhanced because of structural changes that have generated a larger and more integrated ‘executive office’ under his or her control since 1970.
Of course, these developments have occurred in the context of a highly partified form of parliamentarism. Thus, it is not contended simply that Prime Ministers have become completely indistinguishable from Presidents, but rather, that a number of changes have occurred that are mutually consistent with the working logic of presidentialism.
Antoinina Bevan Zlatar
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199604692
- eISBN:
- 9780191729430
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604692.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter takes nine dialogues published in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I, and determines the extent of their influence on the Elizabethan publications. We meet Hans Sachs, ...
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This chapter takes nine dialogues published in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I, and determines the extent of their influence on the Elizabethan publications. We meet Hans Sachs, William Turner, and John Bale. The chapter concludes that while certain literary topoi die out over time, the basic cast of a foolish, bible‐phobic cleric and a biblically enlightened layman, and its concomitant satire — inspired by Anthony Scoloker's translation of Hans Sachs — was still very much alive in the Elizabethan publications. If the Mass and its central rite the Eucharist were concerns particular to the Edwardian dialogues, dismay at the unenlightened populace and a call for a fully reformed ministry, first voiced in the Henrician pieces, would be reiterated time and again throughout Elizabeth's reign.Less
This chapter takes nine dialogues published in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I, and determines the extent of their influence on the Elizabethan publications. We meet Hans Sachs, William Turner, and John Bale. The chapter concludes that while certain literary topoi die out over time, the basic cast of a foolish, bible‐phobic cleric and a biblically enlightened layman, and its concomitant satire — inspired by Anthony Scoloker's translation of Hans Sachs — was still very much alive in the Elizabethan publications. If the Mass and its central rite the Eucharist were concerns particular to the Edwardian dialogues, dismay at the unenlightened populace and a call for a fully reformed ministry, first voiced in the Henrician pieces, would be reiterated time and again throughout Elizabeth's reign.
Stefan Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231164788
- eISBN:
- 9780231535793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164788.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter argues that an understanding of Freud's Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse and the historical influences that shaped it is indispensable if we want to know what was meant by “the masses” ...
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This chapter argues that an understanding of Freud's Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse and the historical influences that shaped it is indispensable if we want to know what was meant by “the masses” in the interwar era. Freud deviated from the dominant German sociologists of the 1920s, who held on to the widespread idea that “the masses” was a bad and dangerous phenomenon or, in any case, a cause for worry and alarm. His explanation of crowd behavior transforms “the masses” so that it comes to signify a far more global, productive, and dynamic agency that cannot be confined within the narrow definitions and functions that the science of sociology or the ideology of national socialism had ascribed to it. Freud attempted to posit the mass as a fundamental epistemological category that serves to explain what holds societies together and what causes them to fall apart. This theory reaches far beyond the sociological discourse and the nationalist ideology of the era and takes moves into unmapped social terrain.Less
This chapter argues that an understanding of Freud's Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse and the historical influences that shaped it is indispensable if we want to know what was meant by “the masses” in the interwar era. Freud deviated from the dominant German sociologists of the 1920s, who held on to the widespread idea that “the masses” was a bad and dangerous phenomenon or, in any case, a cause for worry and alarm. His explanation of crowd behavior transforms “the masses” so that it comes to signify a far more global, productive, and dynamic agency that cannot be confined within the narrow definitions and functions that the science of sociology or the ideology of national socialism had ascribed to it. Freud attempted to posit the mass as a fundamental epistemological category that serves to explain what holds societies together and what causes them to fall apart. This theory reaches far beyond the sociological discourse and the nationalist ideology of the era and takes moves into unmapped social terrain.
Stefan Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231164788
- eISBN:
- 9780231535793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164788.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter examines interwar discourse on the masses as expressed through various art forms, literary genres, and performing arts. It considers works such as Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy's ...
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This chapter examines interwar discourse on the masses as expressed through various art forms, literary genres, and performing arts. It considers works such as Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy's photoplastic images, which illustrate the idea of the masses underpinning the disciplines of mass psychology and mass sociology; Weimar artist Marianne Brandt's montages, which invites viewers to see the world through the eyes of a personification of the new woman; and Walter Benjamin's major writings from the late 1920s and through the 1930s, which explore how contemporary modes of aesthetic representation and visual perception referred to “the collective,” just like the culture of an earlier era expressed a social life organized around “the individual”.Less
This chapter examines interwar discourse on the masses as expressed through various art forms, literary genres, and performing arts. It considers works such as Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy's photoplastic images, which illustrate the idea of the masses underpinning the disciplines of mass psychology and mass sociology; Weimar artist Marianne Brandt's montages, which invites viewers to see the world through the eyes of a personification of the new woman; and Walter Benjamin's major writings from the late 1920s and through the 1930s, which explore how contemporary modes of aesthetic representation and visual perception referred to “the collective,” just like the culture of an earlier era expressed a social life organized around “the individual”.
Stefan Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231164788
- eISBN:
- 9780231535793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164788.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter describes an incident that occurred on July 15, 1927 in Vienna, Austria, to set the stage for a discussion of the concept of “the mass”. On this day, a protest march organized by workers ...
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This chapter describes an incident that occurred on July 15, 1927 in Vienna, Austria, to set the stage for a discussion of the concept of “the mass”. On this day, a protest march organized by workers escalated into violence when demonstrators were struck down by the police. When calm was restored, eighty-five civilians and four police officers had been killed, and more than one thousand people were injured. The fifteenth of July 1927 saw the breakdown of the democratic forms that had until then contained the political passions of Austria's postimperial society. From then on, the upper classes would associate the workers' idea of a good society with the raging masses or the Bolshevik revolution, and these masses would see, in the burghers' idea of a good society, the flashing muzzle of a gun.Less
This chapter describes an incident that occurred on July 15, 1927 in Vienna, Austria, to set the stage for a discussion of the concept of “the mass”. On this day, a protest march organized by workers escalated into violence when demonstrators were struck down by the police. When calm was restored, eighty-five civilians and four police officers had been killed, and more than one thousand people were injured. The fifteenth of July 1927 saw the breakdown of the democratic forms that had until then contained the political passions of Austria's postimperial society. From then on, the upper classes would associate the workers' idea of a good society with the raging masses or the Bolshevik revolution, and these masses would see, in the burghers' idea of a good society, the flashing muzzle of a gun.
Stefan Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231164788
- eISBN:
- 9780231535793
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164788.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
Spanning aesthetics, cultural studies, intellectual history, and political theory, this volume unpacks the significance of the shadow agent known as “the masses” during a critical period of European ...
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Spanning aesthetics, cultural studies, intellectual history, and political theory, this volume unpacks the significance of the shadow agent known as “the masses” during a critical period of European history. It shows how, between 1918 and 1933, the masses became a decisive preoccupation of European culture, fuelling both modernist movements in art, literature, architecture, theatre, and cinema, as well as the rise of communism and fascism and experiments in radical democracy. It follows the evolution of the idea of the masses into a preferred conceptual tool for social scientists—the ideal slogan for politicians and the chosen image for artists and writers trying to capture a society in flux and a people in upheaval.Less
Spanning aesthetics, cultural studies, intellectual history, and political theory, this volume unpacks the significance of the shadow agent known as “the masses” during a critical period of European history. It shows how, between 1918 and 1933, the masses became a decisive preoccupation of European culture, fuelling both modernist movements in art, literature, architecture, theatre, and cinema, as well as the rise of communism and fascism and experiments in radical democracy. It follows the evolution of the idea of the masses into a preferred conceptual tool for social scientists—the ideal slogan for politicians and the chosen image for artists and writers trying to capture a society in flux and a people in upheaval.
Shakhar Rahav
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199382262
- eISBN:
- 9780190238971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199382262.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Asian History, Political History
After cultivating their moral selves in the Mutual Aid Society, Yun and his circle now founded an organization that aimed to embody their ideals and help propagate them in society. The Benefit the ...
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After cultivating their moral selves in the Mutual Aid Society, Yun and his circle now founded an organization that aimed to embody their ideals and help propagate them in society. The Benefit the Masses Book Society (Liqun shushe) was a bookstore that dealt in radical literature and published its own periodical and whose member-workers lived together in an egalitarian commune that combined work and study. The chapter highlights the tensions Yun Daiying faced as he attempted to run an organization dedicated to advancing and embodying egalitarian ideals while keeping the organization economically viable. The chapter argues that Yun’s leadership made the Society more successful than other attempts that took place at this time across China. The chapter illuminates the dissemination, consumption, and production of radical literature in the heartland, and the web of interactions the society created both regionally and nationally, with the urban centers of Beijing and Shanghai.Less
After cultivating their moral selves in the Mutual Aid Society, Yun and his circle now founded an organization that aimed to embody their ideals and help propagate them in society. The Benefit the Masses Book Society (Liqun shushe) was a bookstore that dealt in radical literature and published its own periodical and whose member-workers lived together in an egalitarian commune that combined work and study. The chapter highlights the tensions Yun Daiying faced as he attempted to run an organization dedicated to advancing and embodying egalitarian ideals while keeping the organization economically viable. The chapter argues that Yun’s leadership made the Society more successful than other attempts that took place at this time across China. The chapter illuminates the dissemination, consumption, and production of radical literature in the heartland, and the web of interactions the society created both regionally and nationally, with the urban centers of Beijing and Shanghai.
R. S. Koppen
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748638727
- eISBN:
- 9780748651917
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748638727.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter considers Wyndham Lewis's position against fashion. It notes that in Lewis's cultural critique, fashion is used as a mass discourse that means the end of mind and its common-sense grasp ...
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This chapter considers Wyndham Lewis's position against fashion. It notes that in Lewis's cultural critique, fashion is used as a mass discourse that means the end of mind and its common-sense grasp of the object world. Woolf, on the other hand, views fashion as a phenomenon of the mass, and is connected to the culture of advertisement and market operations. The chapter shows fashion and clothes as important in the subtle analyses of the relations between the individual and the structures of experience that are defined by the culture of the commodity.Less
This chapter considers Wyndham Lewis's position against fashion. It notes that in Lewis's cultural critique, fashion is used as a mass discourse that means the end of mind and its common-sense grasp of the object world. Woolf, on the other hand, views fashion as a phenomenon of the mass, and is connected to the culture of advertisement and market operations. The chapter shows fashion and clothes as important in the subtle analyses of the relations between the individual and the structures of experience that are defined by the culture of the commodity.
B. R. Nanda
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195658279
- eISBN:
- 9780199081394
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195658279.003.0021
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
This chapter discusses the concept of non-cooperation, which was the subject of one of Gandhi’s main programmes. It first conveys the astonishment of British officials with regard to the ...
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This chapter discusses the concept of non-cooperation, which was the subject of one of Gandhi’s main programmes. It first conveys the astonishment of British officials with regard to the non-cooperation programme, which inevitably led to a decrease in the status of government and government agents. It then looks at Gandhi’s claim that resolutions in Bardoli did not revert to the non-cooperation programme that was approved by the Nagpur Congress, and that only mass civil disobedience had been removed. It reveals Gandhi’s primary aim as the politicization of the masses, and his programme was highly dependent on the response of the middle class. The discussion also looks at the effects of the decline of non-cooperation in India. In conclusion, the chapter says that one of Mahatma Gandhi’s real achievements was his discovery of the truth that no government could completely rule a country without its people’s cooperation.Less
This chapter discusses the concept of non-cooperation, which was the subject of one of Gandhi’s main programmes. It first conveys the astonishment of British officials with regard to the non-cooperation programme, which inevitably led to a decrease in the status of government and government agents. It then looks at Gandhi’s claim that resolutions in Bardoli did not revert to the non-cooperation programme that was approved by the Nagpur Congress, and that only mass civil disobedience had been removed. It reveals Gandhi’s primary aim as the politicization of the masses, and his programme was highly dependent on the response of the middle class. The discussion also looks at the effects of the decline of non-cooperation in India. In conclusion, the chapter says that one of Mahatma Gandhi’s real achievements was his discovery of the truth that no government could completely rule a country without its people’s cooperation.
Christoph Irmscher
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300222562
- eISBN:
- 9780300227758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300222562.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Max Eastman secretly marries the brilliant activist and artist Ida Rauh (1877–1970), who introduces him to socialism. A honeymoon trip takes the couple to Europe, where an annoying flea Max picks up ...
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Max Eastman secretly marries the brilliant activist and artist Ida Rauh (1877–1970), who introduces him to socialism. A honeymoon trip takes the couple to Europe, where an annoying flea Max picks up in Tangier serves as a metaphor for his continuing sexual frustrations. He is asked to assume editorship of The Masses, which he reinvents as a cutting-edge forum for politically motivated art and writing. His son Daniel is born in 1912, to his father’s surprise and mystification. Max publishes Enjoyment of Poetry, his most enduringly successful book, as well as his first volume of poetry, Child of the Amazons. Max’s marital problems engender his interest in Freudian psychoanalysis. Dissatisfied with his analyst, Dr. Jelliffe, Max embarks on a course of self-analysis, diagnosing himself with “unsublimated heterosexual lust.” He acquires a small house in Croton-on Hudson, where he becomes the unofficial leader of a flourishing socialist commune. His increasing skepticism of Woodrow Wilson’s commitment to peace helps radicalize his writing. After meeting the beautiful actress Florence Deshon at a fund-raiser for The Masses, he leaves Ida Rauh, relinquishing his parental rights.Less
Max Eastman secretly marries the brilliant activist and artist Ida Rauh (1877–1970), who introduces him to socialism. A honeymoon trip takes the couple to Europe, where an annoying flea Max picks up in Tangier serves as a metaphor for his continuing sexual frustrations. He is asked to assume editorship of The Masses, which he reinvents as a cutting-edge forum for politically motivated art and writing. His son Daniel is born in 1912, to his father’s surprise and mystification. Max publishes Enjoyment of Poetry, his most enduringly successful book, as well as his first volume of poetry, Child of the Amazons. Max’s marital problems engender his interest in Freudian psychoanalysis. Dissatisfied with his analyst, Dr. Jelliffe, Max embarks on a course of self-analysis, diagnosing himself with “unsublimated heterosexual lust.” He acquires a small house in Croton-on Hudson, where he becomes the unofficial leader of a flourishing socialist commune. His increasing skepticism of Woodrow Wilson’s commitment to peace helps radicalize his writing. After meeting the beautiful actress Florence Deshon at a fund-raiser for The Masses, he leaves Ida Rauh, relinquishing his parental rights.
Stefan Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231164788
- eISBN:
- 9780231535793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164788.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This Coda summarizes the book's main themes and presents some final thoughts. This book has engaged critically with the idea and image of the masses in interwar European culture, focusing on Germany ...
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This Coda summarizes the book's main themes and presents some final thoughts. This book has engaged critically with the idea and image of the masses in interwar European culture, focusing on Germany and Austria. It argues that “the masses” was an organizing term for so many cultural, intellectual, and aesthetic endeavors of the period. The term may be seen as a secret code helping us to link seemingly unrelated social, political, ideological, artistic, scholarly, and cultural discourses, thus allowing us to diagnose the common fracture within them—the fracture of breakdown and defeat that generated restless searches for new forms and concepts, as well as reactionary reactivations of old ones, in the hope of reconstituting society under conditions of modernity.Less
This Coda summarizes the book's main themes and presents some final thoughts. This book has engaged critically with the idea and image of the masses in interwar European culture, focusing on Germany and Austria. It argues that “the masses” was an organizing term for so many cultural, intellectual, and aesthetic endeavors of the period. The term may be seen as a secret code helping us to link seemingly unrelated social, political, ideological, artistic, scholarly, and cultural discourses, thus allowing us to diagnose the common fracture within them—the fracture of breakdown and defeat that generated restless searches for new forms and concepts, as well as reactionary reactivations of old ones, in the hope of reconstituting society under conditions of modernity.
Howard Pollack
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199791590
- eISBN:
- 9780199949625
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199791590.003.0007
- Subject:
- Music, History, American, Popular
This chapter summarizes Blitzstein’s writings from the 1930s, which form the bulk of his criticism, and which increasingly tend toward Marxist perspectives. He wrote many of these articles for Modern ...
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This chapter summarizes Blitzstein’s writings from the 1930s, which form the bulk of his criticism, and which increasingly tend toward Marxist perspectives. He wrote many of these articles for Modern Music, edited by Minna Lederman, but also The New Masses and other publications.Less
This chapter summarizes Blitzstein’s writings from the 1930s, which form the bulk of his criticism, and which increasingly tend toward Marxist perspectives. He wrote many of these articles for Modern Music, edited by Minna Lederman, but also The New Masses and other publications.
Shakhar Rahav
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199382262
- eISBN:
- 9780190238971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199382262.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Asian History, Political History
This chapter follows Yun Daiying as he experimented with different organizations, including his own version of a pro-Bolshevik organization called the Mutual Preservation Society (Gongcun she), and ...
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This chapter follows Yun Daiying as he experimented with different organizations, including his own version of a pro-Bolshevik organization called the Mutual Preservation Society (Gongcun she), and eventually joined the Chinese Communist Party. Unlike most activists who joined the party in Beijing or in Shanghai, Yun joined it while teaching in the provinces. The chapter argues that the cultural-political societies that flourished during the May Fourth Movement prepared the way for the rise of mass political parties, because for activists like Yun the transition from membership in local societies loosely affiliated with similar societies elsewhere to joining a party cell affiliated with similar cells across the country did not constitute a dramatic change in form of activity. Yet the new parties were guided by a centralized organization and by a teleological ideology. Together, these elements changed the way in which politics were practiced.Less
This chapter follows Yun Daiying as he experimented with different organizations, including his own version of a pro-Bolshevik organization called the Mutual Preservation Society (Gongcun she), and eventually joined the Chinese Communist Party. Unlike most activists who joined the party in Beijing or in Shanghai, Yun joined it while teaching in the provinces. The chapter argues that the cultural-political societies that flourished during the May Fourth Movement prepared the way for the rise of mass political parties, because for activists like Yun the transition from membership in local societies loosely affiliated with similar societies elsewhere to joining a party cell affiliated with similar cells across the country did not constitute a dramatic change in form of activity. Yet the new parties were guided by a centralized organization and by a teleological ideology. Together, these elements changed the way in which politics were practiced.
Ward Blanton
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231166911
- eISBN:
- 9780231536455
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231166911.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This book explores the political economies of Western cultural memory in relation to the apostle Paul, imagined founder of Christianity. Focusing on the “afterlives” of Saint Paul in relation to more ...
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This book explores the political economies of Western cultural memory in relation to the apostle Paul, imagined founder of Christianity. Focusing on the “afterlives” of Saint Paul in relation to more recent genealogies of a new materialism, it examines how Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud saw Christianity as metaphysical escapism, with the former calling the religion a “Platonism for the masses” and faulting Paul for negating more immanent, material modes of thought and political solidarity. It also considers why Jacques Derrida deconstructs—or reads in what he calls a “materialist” mode—Platonic assumptions about intentionality in craft production or authorship in text production while rejecting and lampooning what he perceives to be the retrograde dualistic metaphysics of Paul. It suggests that Plato's dualistic metaphysic is worked into a model of complex material immanence, whereas Paul is simply expelled as a purveyor of a Platonism for the masses, a thinker of “the veil.” Finally, it analyzes the New Testament book of Acts' narrative appropriation of Paulinism and the eventual apparatus of a Platonism for the masses.Less
This book explores the political economies of Western cultural memory in relation to the apostle Paul, imagined founder of Christianity. Focusing on the “afterlives” of Saint Paul in relation to more recent genealogies of a new materialism, it examines how Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud saw Christianity as metaphysical escapism, with the former calling the religion a “Platonism for the masses” and faulting Paul for negating more immanent, material modes of thought and political solidarity. It also considers why Jacques Derrida deconstructs—or reads in what he calls a “materialist” mode—Platonic assumptions about intentionality in craft production or authorship in text production while rejecting and lampooning what he perceives to be the retrograde dualistic metaphysics of Paul. It suggests that Plato's dualistic metaphysic is worked into a model of complex material immanence, whereas Paul is simply expelled as a purveyor of a Platonism for the masses, a thinker of “the veil.” Finally, it analyzes the New Testament book of Acts' narrative appropriation of Paulinism and the eventual apparatus of a Platonism for the masses.
Hans Ringström
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199680290
- eISBN:
- 9780191760235
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680290.003.0013
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Mathematical Physics, Geometry / Topology
In Chapter 13, we introduce conventions concerning local coordinates on the mass shell. Moreover, we express the natural measure on the mass shell in terms of local coordinates. Finally, we discuss ...
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In Chapter 13, we introduce conventions concerning local coordinates on the mass shell. Moreover, we express the natural measure on the mass shell in terms of local coordinates. Finally, we discuss the matter quantities induced on a spatial hypersurface.Less
In Chapter 13, we introduce conventions concerning local coordinates on the mass shell. Moreover, we express the natural measure on the mass shell in terms of local coordinates. Finally, we discuss the matter quantities induced on a spatial hypersurface.
Christoph Irmscher
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300222562
- eISBN:
- 9780300227758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300222562.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter is devoted to Max Eastman’s tempestuous relationship with the radical actress Florence Deshon (Florence Danks, 1893–1922). On behalf of the People’s Council of America for Democracy and ...
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This chapter is devoted to Max Eastman’s tempestuous relationship with the radical actress Florence Deshon (Florence Danks, 1893–1922). On behalf of the People’s Council of America for Democracy and Terms of Peace, Max lectures at great personal risk to large audiences across the nation against American involvement in World War I. Along with fellow contributors to The Masses, he survives two trials for obstructing the military recruitment effort and founds The Liberator, with Crystal as co-editor. He pays tribute to Deshon in a second volume of poetry, Colors of Life (1918), lives with her in Croton, and, after her move to Hollywood, bombards her with love letters. During a visit he introduces her to Charlie Chaplin as well as to Margrethe Mather, who takes significant photographs of Deshon and Max. Florence has an affair with Chaplin, while Max takes up with the dancer Lisa Duncan. Frustrated with Hollywood and Max, Deshon returns to New York, where she dies, likely by her own hand, on February 4, 1922. Max’s book on The Sense of Humor is dedicated to Deshon and evokes her memorable smile.Less
This chapter is devoted to Max Eastman’s tempestuous relationship with the radical actress Florence Deshon (Florence Danks, 1893–1922). On behalf of the People’s Council of America for Democracy and Terms of Peace, Max lectures at great personal risk to large audiences across the nation against American involvement in World War I. Along with fellow contributors to The Masses, he survives two trials for obstructing the military recruitment effort and founds The Liberator, with Crystal as co-editor. He pays tribute to Deshon in a second volume of poetry, Colors of Life (1918), lives with her in Croton, and, after her move to Hollywood, bombards her with love letters. During a visit he introduces her to Charlie Chaplin as well as to Margrethe Mather, who takes significant photographs of Deshon and Max. Florence has an affair with Chaplin, while Max takes up with the dancer Lisa Duncan. Frustrated with Hollywood and Max, Deshon returns to New York, where she dies, likely by her own hand, on February 4, 1922. Max’s book on The Sense of Humor is dedicated to Deshon and evokes her memorable smile.
Christoph Irmscher
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300222562
- eISBN:
- 9780300227758
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300222562.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The definitive biography of radical activist, poet, editor, and public intellectual Max Eastman (1883–1969), based on unrestricted access to the Eastman family archive. Considered one of the “hottest ...
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The definitive biography of radical activist, poet, editor, and public intellectual Max Eastman (1883–1969), based on unrestricted access to the Eastman family archive. Considered one of the “hottest radicals” of his time, Eastman edited two of the most important modernist magazines, The Masses and The Liberator, campaigned for women’s suffrage, sexual freedom, and peace, and published several volumes of poetry and two books on laughter. A fierce critic of Joseph Stalin, Eastman befriended and translated Leon Trotsky and remained unafraid to express unpopular views, drawing criticism from both conservatives and the Left. Maintaining that he had never changed his political opinions and that, instead, the world around him had changed, Eastman completed his public turn to the right by becoming a contributor to Reader’s Digest. A stubborn, lifelong admirer of Lenin as well as a defender of the Vietnam War, Eastman, who now called himself a “libertarian conservative,” died in Bridgetown, Barbados, on March 25, 1969. Set against the backdrop of several decades of political and ideological turmoil, this biography interweaves Eastman’s singular life with stories of the fascinating people he knew, loved, and admired, including Charlie Chaplin, Florence Deshon, Claude McKay, and Leon Trotsky.Less
The definitive biography of radical activist, poet, editor, and public intellectual Max Eastman (1883–1969), based on unrestricted access to the Eastman family archive. Considered one of the “hottest radicals” of his time, Eastman edited two of the most important modernist magazines, The Masses and The Liberator, campaigned for women’s suffrage, sexual freedom, and peace, and published several volumes of poetry and two books on laughter. A fierce critic of Joseph Stalin, Eastman befriended and translated Leon Trotsky and remained unafraid to express unpopular views, drawing criticism from both conservatives and the Left. Maintaining that he had never changed his political opinions and that, instead, the world around him had changed, Eastman completed his public turn to the right by becoming a contributor to Reader’s Digest. A stubborn, lifelong admirer of Lenin as well as a defender of the Vietnam War, Eastman, who now called himself a “libertarian conservative,” died in Bridgetown, Barbados, on March 25, 1969. Set against the backdrop of several decades of political and ideological turmoil, this biography interweaves Eastman’s singular life with stories of the fascinating people he knew, loved, and admired, including Charlie Chaplin, Florence Deshon, Claude McKay, and Leon Trotsky.
Helmut Rauch and Samuel A. Werner
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198712510
- eISBN:
- 9780191780813
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198712510.003.0008
- Subject:
- Physics, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics
The first experiment in which gravity and quantum mechanics play simultaneous important roles was carried out by Colella, Overhauser, and Werner (COW). This and subsequent versions of this experiment ...
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The first experiment in which gravity and quantum mechanics play simultaneous important roles was carried out by Colella, Overhauser, and Werner (COW). This and subsequent versions of this experiment are described in this chapter. Because this experiment was carried out on the surface of our rotating Earth, an additional phase shift was subsequently observed. It is the matter wave analogue to the optical Sagnac effect. Neutrons under Bragg reflecting conditions have their internal wave vectors lying on a Brillioun zone boundary, and will experience an altered force described by an effective mass in a manner directly analogous to electrons in a crystal. The phase shift of neutrons upon passing through moving matter analogous to the optical Fizeau effect requires an energy-dependent scattering length as has been observed with a rotating wheel of Sm metal. There is an additional phase shift of neutrons when the boundaries of a material medium move with respect to a neutron beam. Connections to general relativity theory are discussed.Less
The first experiment in which gravity and quantum mechanics play simultaneous important roles was carried out by Colella, Overhauser, and Werner (COW). This and subsequent versions of this experiment are described in this chapter. Because this experiment was carried out on the surface of our rotating Earth, an additional phase shift was subsequently observed. It is the matter wave analogue to the optical Sagnac effect. Neutrons under Bragg reflecting conditions have their internal wave vectors lying on a Brillioun zone boundary, and will experience an altered force described by an effective mass in a manner directly analogous to electrons in a crystal. The phase shift of neutrons upon passing through moving matter analogous to the optical Fizeau effect requires an energy-dependent scattering length as has been observed with a rotating wheel of Sm metal. There is an additional phase shift of neutrons when the boundaries of a material medium move with respect to a neutron beam. Connections to general relativity theory are discussed.
Ward Blanton
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231166911
- eISBN:
- 9780231536455
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231166911.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This book has explored some of the ways that the apostle Paul appears as a Jewish partisan or sectarian whose singular project alternately failed and passed away before its being simultaneously ...
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This book has explored some of the ways that the apostle Paul appears as a Jewish partisan or sectarian whose singular project alternately failed and passed away before its being simultaneously buried and beatified by a great machinery of Christianity and its pop Platonic narration of “Christian origins.” It has explained how Saint Paul becomes a crucial figure in a very different archive, one we hit upon following a path nominated as an “underground current” of a new “materialism,” and how Paulinism has emerged as a “Platonism for the masses.” It has also discussed the imagined Paulinism of Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud, the former diagnosing Western ontotheology and its obsession with Paul as its founding figure—its most effective purveyor of a Platonism for the masses.Less
This book has explored some of the ways that the apostle Paul appears as a Jewish partisan or sectarian whose singular project alternately failed and passed away before its being simultaneously buried and beatified by a great machinery of Christianity and its pop Platonic narration of “Christian origins.” It has explained how Saint Paul becomes a crucial figure in a very different archive, one we hit upon following a path nominated as an “underground current” of a new “materialism,” and how Paulinism has emerged as a “Platonism for the masses.” It has also discussed the imagined Paulinism of Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud, the former diagnosing Western ontotheology and its obsession with Paul as its founding figure—its most effective purveyor of a Platonism for the masses.
