Kim Haines-Eitzen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195171297
- eISBN:
- 9780199918140
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171297.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This book poses two sets of questions related to women and books in early Christianity: First, what roles did women play in the production, reproduction, and dissemination of early Christianity? And, ...
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This book poses two sets of questions related to women and books in early Christianity: First, what roles did women play in the production, reproduction, and dissemination of early Christianity? And, to be more specific, to what extent were women authors, scribe copyists, book-lenders, and patrons of early Christian literature? Second, how did the stories of women in early Christian literature come to be transformed in the process of copying? And can we detect the influence of debates about women in the earliest churches and debates about asceticism and the human body in the textual transmission of the New Testament and apocryphal texts? These questions serve to guide the book, which aims most broadly to highlight the gendered and layered history of early Christianity. The book argues that historians cannot avoid the inherently representational evidence for women writers and readers as well as the layered stories of female figures such as Eve, Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and Theca; rather, by embracing the multiplicity of representations, scholars and students can attend simultaneously to rhetorical and literature constructions and historical reality.Less
This book poses two sets of questions related to women and books in early Christianity: First, what roles did women play in the production, reproduction, and dissemination of early Christianity? And, to be more specific, to what extent were women authors, scribe copyists, book-lenders, and patrons of early Christian literature? Second, how did the stories of women in early Christian literature come to be transformed in the process of copying? And can we detect the influence of debates about women in the earliest churches and debates about asceticism and the human body in the textual transmission of the New Testament and apocryphal texts? These questions serve to guide the book, which aims most broadly to highlight the gendered and layered history of early Christianity. The book argues that historians cannot avoid the inherently representational evidence for women writers and readers as well as the layered stories of female figures such as Eve, Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and Theca; rather, by embracing the multiplicity of representations, scholars and students can attend simultaneously to rhetorical and literature constructions and historical reality.
Michael Fishbane
- Published in print:
- 1988
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198266990
- eISBN:
- 9780191600593
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198266995.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
Scribal practice provides the most concrete evidence for the transmission of a body of tradition, and of its elucidation and clarification. The nature and institution of scribal practice in ancient ...
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Scribal practice provides the most concrete evidence for the transmission of a body of tradition, and of its elucidation and clarification. The nature and institution of scribal practice in ancient Israel is considered. Various features of the scribal guilds of ancient Israel are presented, and numerous examples provided from diverse genres. Evidence for textual transmission in the form of colophons and title‐lines; of references to gathering and selecting materials; and the clarification and correction of texts is provided. Comparisons with related materials from the ancient Near East and various versions of Scripture (e.g. the Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch) are made.Less
Scribal practice provides the most concrete evidence for the transmission of a body of tradition, and of its elucidation and clarification. The nature and institution of scribal practice in ancient Israel is considered. Various features of the scribal guilds of ancient Israel are presented, and numerous examples provided from diverse genres. Evidence for textual transmission in the form of colophons and title‐lines; of references to gathering and selecting materials; and the clarification and correction of texts is provided. Comparisons with related materials from the ancient Near East and various versions of Scripture (e.g. the Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch) are made.
Kim Haines-Eitzen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195171297
- eISBN:
- 9780199918140
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171297.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter focuses on how the stories of Eve, Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and other more minor New Testament female characters came to be rewritten in the process of copying. ...
More
This chapter focuses on how the stories of Eve, Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and other more minor New Testament female characters came to be rewritten in the process of copying. Storytelling is an important feature of early Christianity and stories about women became vehicles for transmitting nascent Christian ideology and ethics; likewise, the textual modification of these stories suggests that debates about women and their roles in the early churches made their way into the very processes of textual reproduction.Less
This chapter focuses on how the stories of Eve, Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and other more minor New Testament female characters came to be rewritten in the process of copying. Storytelling is an important feature of early Christianity and stories about women became vehicles for transmitting nascent Christian ideology and ethics; likewise, the textual modification of these stories suggests that debates about women and their roles in the early churches made their way into the very processes of textual reproduction.
Roland Enmarch and Verena M. Lepper (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265420
- eISBN:
- 9780191760471
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265420.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book reviews the numerous developments in the theoretical framework of interpretation that have taken place over recent years. The application of more theoretically informed approaches to the ...
More
This book reviews the numerous developments in the theoretical framework of interpretation that have taken place over recent years. The application of more theoretically informed approaches to the ancient literary corpus, and a more detailed analysis of context, form, and reception, have fundamentally challenged the interpretative paradigms that formerly held sway. No consensus on interpretative stance has yet emerged, and in this volume many of the foremost researchers in the field examine the overall state of work on the subject. The chapters in the present volume are intended to contribute to this development of different approaches in their application to real Egyptian texts. No single overarching theoretical framework underlies these contributions; instead they represent a multiplicity of perspectives. The range of chapters includes textual criticism; literary criticism; the social role of literature; reception theory; and the treatment of newly discovered literary texts. All contributions centre on the problems and potentials of studying Egyptian literature in a theoretically informed manner. Although major difficulties remain in interpreting a literature preserved only fragmentarily, this volume demonstrates the ongoing vitality of current Egyptological approaches to this problem. This volume also incorporates a broader cross-cultural and comparative element, providing overviews of connections and discontinuities with biblical, Classical, and Mesopotamian literatures, in order to address the comparative contexts of Ancient Egyptian literature.Less
This book reviews the numerous developments in the theoretical framework of interpretation that have taken place over recent years. The application of more theoretically informed approaches to the ancient literary corpus, and a more detailed analysis of context, form, and reception, have fundamentally challenged the interpretative paradigms that formerly held sway. No consensus on interpretative stance has yet emerged, and in this volume many of the foremost researchers in the field examine the overall state of work on the subject. The chapters in the present volume are intended to contribute to this development of different approaches in their application to real Egyptian texts. No single overarching theoretical framework underlies these contributions; instead they represent a multiplicity of perspectives. The range of chapters includes textual criticism; literary criticism; the social role of literature; reception theory; and the treatment of newly discovered literary texts. All contributions centre on the problems and potentials of studying Egyptian literature in a theoretically informed manner. Although major difficulties remain in interpreting a literature preserved only fragmentarily, this volume demonstrates the ongoing vitality of current Egyptological approaches to this problem. This volume also incorporates a broader cross-cultural and comparative element, providing overviews of connections and discontinuities with biblical, Classical, and Mesopotamian literatures, in order to address the comparative contexts of Ancient Egyptian literature.
Kim Haines-Eitzen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195171297
- eISBN:
- 9780199918140
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171297.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
The focus of this chapter is the figure of Thecla, a female character who has seen significant scholarly attention in recent years. How does the textual transmission of the second-century Acts of ...
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The focus of this chapter is the figure of Thecla, a female character who has seen significant scholarly attention in recent years. How does the textual transmission of the second-century Acts of Paul and Thecla come to rewrite and refashion the figure of Thecla? And how does Thecla come to be associated with books in literature and art? These questions are at the forefront of the chapter.Less
The focus of this chapter is the figure of Thecla, a female character who has seen significant scholarly attention in recent years. How does the textual transmission of the second-century Acts of Paul and Thecla come to rewrite and refashion the figure of Thecla? And how does Thecla come to be associated with books in literature and art? These questions are at the forefront of the chapter.
Michael J Kruger
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
As scholars explore the state of the early New Testament text, the inductive study of the extant manuscripts we possess is the natural place to begin. However, there are also other lines of ...
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As scholars explore the state of the early New Testament text, the inductive study of the extant manuscripts we possess is the natural place to begin. However, there are also other lines of potentially fruitful inquiry. One area that has been largely overlooked is the attitude toward that text that is actually expressed by Christians in the earliest literary sources, i.e. statements about how they viewed their sacred writings, how they understood the transmission and preservation of these texts, and how they would have responded to changes or alterations in the text. It is important that we consider such historical testimony not only because it often antedates the papyri and even many patristic citations, but because it establishes a critical historical context for our overall understanding of textual transmission in the earliest stages of Christianity.Less
As scholars explore the state of the early New Testament text, the inductive study of the extant manuscripts we possess is the natural place to begin. However, there are also other lines of potentially fruitful inquiry. One area that has been largely overlooked is the attitude toward that text that is actually expressed by Christians in the earliest literary sources, i.e. statements about how they viewed their sacred writings, how they understood the transmission and preservation of these texts, and how they would have responded to changes or alterations in the text. It is important that we consider such historical testimony not only because it often antedates the papyri and even many patristic citations, but because it establishes a critical historical context for our overall understanding of textual transmission in the earliest stages of Christianity.
Charles E. Hill and Michael J. Kruger (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This book examines and assesses from our earliest extant sources the most primitive state of the New Testament text now known. What sort of changes did scribes make to the text? What is the quality ...
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This book examines and assesses from our earliest extant sources the most primitive state of the New Testament text now known. What sort of changes did scribes make to the text? What is the quality of the text now at our disposal? What can we learn about the nature of textual transmission in the earliest centuries? In addition to exploring the textual and scribal culture of early Christianity, this volume explores the textual evidence for all the sections of the New Testament. It also examines the evidence from the earliest translations of New Testament writings and the citations or allusions to New Testament texts in other early Christian writers.Less
This book examines and assesses from our earliest extant sources the most primitive state of the New Testament text now known. What sort of changes did scribes make to the text? What is the quality of the text now at our disposal? What can we learn about the nature of textual transmission in the earliest centuries? In addition to exploring the textual and scribal culture of early Christianity, this volume explores the textual evidence for all the sections of the New Testament. It also examines the evidence from the earliest translations of New Testament writings and the citations or allusions to New Testament texts in other early Christian writers.
Verena M. Lepper and Roland Enmarch
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265420
- eISBN:
- 9780191760471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265420.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This introductory chapter discusses briefly the history of the study of Egyptian literature, highlighting how broader developments in the theory of literature have come to be applied within ...
More
This introductory chapter discusses briefly the history of the study of Egyptian literature, highlighting how broader developments in the theory of literature have come to be applied within Egyptology, and outlining the significant interpretative issues that still remain. This is particularly acute when studying a civilisation such as Ancient Egypt, with an only fragmentarily preserved literate culture, and no continuous tradition of reception to condition modern engagement with the ancient texts. The chapter reviews the approaches taken by contributors to the volume, and evaluates how they relate to recent developments in the application of theoretically informed approaches to Egyptian texts. The range of topics covered demonstrates the vitality and diversity of current Egyptological engagement with Ancient Egyptian texts.Less
This introductory chapter discusses briefly the history of the study of Egyptian literature, highlighting how broader developments in the theory of literature have come to be applied within Egyptology, and outlining the significant interpretative issues that still remain. This is particularly acute when studying a civilisation such as Ancient Egypt, with an only fragmentarily preserved literate culture, and no continuous tradition of reception to condition modern engagement with the ancient texts. The chapter reviews the approaches taken by contributors to the volume, and evaluates how they relate to recent developments in the application of theoretically informed approaches to Egyptian texts. The range of topics covered demonstrates the vitality and diversity of current Egyptological engagement with Ancient Egyptian texts.
Ludwig D. Morenz
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265420
- eISBN:
- 9780191760471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265420.003.0012
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter discusses aspects of Egyptian ‘fine literature’ (belles-lettres), and combines general literary and cultural-scientific theoretical considerations with specific case studies from both ...
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This chapter discusses aspects of Egyptian ‘fine literature’ (belles-lettres), and combines general literary and cultural-scientific theoretical considerations with specific case studies from both Middle Egyptian and Late Egyptian literature. It addresses questions of form and function, producers and recipients, as well as discussing the search for empirical readers. Also discussed are the question of original manuscripts and the potential significance of writing errors.Less
This chapter discusses aspects of Egyptian ‘fine literature’ (belles-lettres), and combines general literary and cultural-scientific theoretical considerations with specific case studies from both Middle Egyptian and Late Egyptian literature. It addresses questions of form and function, producers and recipients, as well as discussing the search for empirical readers. Also discussed are the question of original manuscripts and the potential significance of writing errors.
Tobias Nicklas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0013
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
The chapter deals with questions of the textual transmission of the Book of Revelation. It describes traces of the text’s problematic route into the canon of the New Testament, and gives an overview ...
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The chapter deals with questions of the textual transmission of the Book of Revelation. It describes traces of the text’s problematic route into the canon of the New Testament, and gives an overview of its textual situation. After an introduction to J. Schmid’s assessment of the textual history of Revelation, it discusses the problem of quotations of Revelation by early Christian authors and, finally, describes some of the oldest witnesses to the text of Revelation. Finally, it raises several questions regarding Schmid’s theory of Revelation’s textual history.Less
The chapter deals with questions of the textual transmission of the Book of Revelation. It describes traces of the text’s problematic route into the canon of the New Testament, and gives an overview of its textual situation. After an introduction to J. Schmid’s assessment of the textual history of Revelation, it discusses the problem of quotations of Revelation by early Christian authors and, finally, describes some of the oldest witnesses to the text of Revelation. Finally, it raises several questions regarding Schmid’s theory of Revelation’s textual history.
Leonard Neidorf
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501705113
- eISBN:
- 9781501708282
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501705113.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
This chapter surveys linguistic regularities in Beowulf in order to gauge the extent to which the poem’s text might have been altered during its transmission. For the literary critics and cultural ...
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This chapter surveys linguistic regularities in Beowulf in order to gauge the extent to which the poem’s text might have been altered during its transmission. For the literary critics and cultural historians who constitute the majority of scholars interested in Beowulf, no question pertaining to textual transmission is more consequential than that of the poem’s unity. The same metrical features that establish Beowulf as an archaic composition also provide firm indications that the poem is a unitary composition transmitted with minimal scribal interference. In addition, direct examination of the linguistic evidence is the most reliable method for determining the relative probability of competing hypotheses concerning the unity of Beowulf.Less
This chapter surveys linguistic regularities in Beowulf in order to gauge the extent to which the poem’s text might have been altered during its transmission. For the literary critics and cultural historians who constitute the majority of scholars interested in Beowulf, no question pertaining to textual transmission is more consequential than that of the poem’s unity. The same metrical features that establish Beowulf as an archaic composition also provide firm indications that the poem is a unitary composition transmitted with minimal scribal interference. In addition, direct examination of the linguistic evidence is the most reliable method for determining the relative probability of competing hypotheses concerning the unity of Beowulf.
Felice Lifshitz
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823256877
- eISBN:
- 9780823261420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256877.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
Religious Women showed how the books produced by the scriptoria of Karlburg and Kitzingen reflected the feminist consciousness of both communities by defending consecrated women’s integration into ...
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Religious Women showed how the books produced by the scriptoria of Karlburg and Kitzingen reflected the feminist consciousness of both communities by defending consecrated women’s integration into intellectual, cultural, political, and religious life. This chapter argues that there existed a textual transmission network that wove together women’s communities and facilitated their acquisition of favorable writings. It also addresses the varied roles played by men both as supporters and opponents of feminist aspirations. The chapter includes an analysis of Würzburg Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.q. 26, an eighth-century codex from the Kitzingen library collection containing a sophisticated “Veri Amoris” libellus whose scribe-author benefited from a feminist transmission network. She forged together an abridged cento of Apponius’s commentary on the Song of Songs, Jerome’s vita Malchi, Jerome’s letter to Heliodorus, the transitus of John the Evangelist by Pseudo-Mellitus, and a vita of Euphrosyna, a female transvestite saint. This booklet used holy syneisactic couples to embody the “true love” recommended by Jerome and celebrated in the Song of Songs, and thus to justify a gender-integrated approach to the ecclesiastical sphere.Less
Religious Women showed how the books produced by the scriptoria of Karlburg and Kitzingen reflected the feminist consciousness of both communities by defending consecrated women’s integration into intellectual, cultural, political, and religious life. This chapter argues that there existed a textual transmission network that wove together women’s communities and facilitated their acquisition of favorable writings. It also addresses the varied roles played by men both as supporters and opponents of feminist aspirations. The chapter includes an analysis of Würzburg Universitätsbibliothek M.p.th.q. 26, an eighth-century codex from the Kitzingen library collection containing a sophisticated “Veri Amoris” libellus whose scribe-author benefited from a feminist transmission network. She forged together an abridged cento of Apponius’s commentary on the Song of Songs, Jerome’s vita Malchi, Jerome’s letter to Heliodorus, the transitus of John the Evangelist by Pseudo-Mellitus, and a vita of Euphrosyna, a female transvestite saint. This booklet used holy syneisactic couples to embody the “true love” recommended by Jerome and celebrated in the Song of Songs, and thus to justify a gender-integrated approach to the ecclesiastical sphere.
Christopher Tuckett
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
Prior to the great fourth-century uncials, seven manuscripts of Acts survive: six papyri and one parchment fragment. All are fragmentary and only cover a small amount of the text: hence any ...
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Prior to the great fourth-century uncials, seven manuscripts of Acts survive: six papyri and one parchment fragment. All are fragmentary and only cover a small amount of the text: hence any discussion of their text form must be hedged with caution. Each text is here examined in detail. The fragments show some variety: at least one (P38) shows strong affinities with a ‘Western’ form of the text (although in an apparently fairly ‘free’ form), whilst the parchment fragment 0189 shows very close agreement with the text of B. There seems little evidence at this stage to correct the detailed wording of the text, perhaps reflecting an early period in the canonization process when the sense, rather than the detailed wording, was the most important factor.Less
Prior to the great fourth-century uncials, seven manuscripts of Acts survive: six papyri and one parchment fragment. All are fragmentary and only cover a small amount of the text: hence any discussion of their text form must be hedged with caution. Each text is here examined in detail. The fragments show some variety: at least one (P38) shows strong affinities with a ‘Western’ form of the text (although in an apparently fairly ‘free’ form), whilst the parchment fragment 0189 shows very close agreement with the text of B. There seems little evidence at this stage to correct the detailed wording of the text, perhaps reflecting an early period in the canonization process when the sense, rather than the detailed wording, was the most important factor.
Paul Foster
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0016
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
In the quest for the form of the NT text in the second century, some scholars have appealed to the corpus of writings we call the Apostolic Fathers. However, the loose citation techniques of the ...
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In the quest for the form of the NT text in the second century, some scholars have appealed to the corpus of writings we call the Apostolic Fathers. However, the loose citation techniques of the Apostolic Fathers, combined with the fact that we have no extant manuscripts of these writings from the second century, suggests they provide no conclusive evidence of the state of the NT text during this critical time period. For this reason, the writings of the Apostolic Fathers get us no closer to reconstructing that text than the actual extant manuscripts of the third and fourth centuries. In fact, the complications surrounding NT citations in the writings of the Apostolic Fathers may confuse, rather than clarify this endeavour.Less
In the quest for the form of the NT text in the second century, some scholars have appealed to the corpus of writings we call the Apostolic Fathers. However, the loose citation techniques of the Apostolic Fathers, combined with the fact that we have no extant manuscripts of these writings from the second century, suggests they provide no conclusive evidence of the state of the NT text during this critical time period. For this reason, the writings of the Apostolic Fathers get us no closer to reconstructing that text than the actual extant manuscripts of the third and fourth centuries. In fact, the complications surrounding NT citations in the writings of the Apostolic Fathers may confuse, rather than clarify this endeavour.
J. K. Elliott
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This chapter is an analysis of all the distinctive readings in the seven Catholic Letters found in extant witnesses dating from before the mid-fourth century. The readings of eight papyri and one ...
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This chapter is an analysis of all the distinctive readings in the seven Catholic Letters found in extant witnesses dating from before the mid-fourth century. The readings of eight papyri and one majuscule are itemized and discussed seriatim with particular attention paid to the Editio critica maior.Less
This chapter is an analysis of all the distinctive readings in the seven Catholic Letters found in extant witnesses dating from before the mid-fourth century. The readings of eight papyri and one majuscule are itemized and discussed seriatim with particular attention paid to the Editio critica maior.
Felice Lifshitz
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823256877
- eISBN:
- 9780823261420
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256877.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This book is a study of the intellectual culture of the women’s monasteries of the Main Valley during the eighth century, with a particular focus on Karlburg and Kitzingen. It is based on an analysis ...
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This book is a study of the intellectual culture of the women’s monasteries of the Main Valley during the eighth century, with a particular focus on Karlburg and Kitzingen. It is based on an analysis of the manuscripts produced and used by the women religious, beginning in the middle decades of the century, when the arrival of the “Anglo-Saxon missionaries to Germany” (including Boniface of Mainz and his “beloved,” Leoba of Tauberbischofsheim) inaugurated book production in the region. The content of the women’s books was overwhelmingly gender-egalitarian and frequently feminist, that is, resistant to patriarchal ideas. Female intellectuals preferentially selected for reproduction and transmission texts that supported their own aspirations to dignity and authority in the ecclesiastical landscape of the Carolingian realm. Furthermore, the scribe-authors of Karlburg and Kitzingen actively intervened in the texts they transmitted to modify them (when necessary) in a more feminist direction, combined pre-existent texts in innovative ways, and composed a number of entirely new texts in order to produce powerfully feminist visions of Christian history and Christian theology. At Kitzingen, a talented theologian-artist also produced illuminations that enhanced the meaning of the texts, in one case (a crucifixion miniature illustrating the Pauline Epistles) also in a markedly feminist way. Religious Women also provides many glimpses into non-gendered aspects of monastic culture during the eighth century, such as the importance of the practice of devotional penance.Less
This book is a study of the intellectual culture of the women’s monasteries of the Main Valley during the eighth century, with a particular focus on Karlburg and Kitzingen. It is based on an analysis of the manuscripts produced and used by the women religious, beginning in the middle decades of the century, when the arrival of the “Anglo-Saxon missionaries to Germany” (including Boniface of Mainz and his “beloved,” Leoba of Tauberbischofsheim) inaugurated book production in the region. The content of the women’s books was overwhelmingly gender-egalitarian and frequently feminist, that is, resistant to patriarchal ideas. Female intellectuals preferentially selected for reproduction and transmission texts that supported their own aspirations to dignity and authority in the ecclesiastical landscape of the Carolingian realm. Furthermore, the scribe-authors of Karlburg and Kitzingen actively intervened in the texts they transmitted to modify them (when necessary) in a more feminist direction, combined pre-existent texts in innovative ways, and composed a number of entirely new texts in order to produce powerfully feminist visions of Christian history and Christian theology. At Kitzingen, a talented theologian-artist also produced illuminations that enhanced the meaning of the texts, in one case (a crucifixion miniature illustrating the Pauline Epistles) also in a markedly feminist way. Religious Women also provides many glimpses into non-gendered aspects of monastic culture during the eighth century, such as the importance of the practice of devotional penance.
Sara J. Milstein
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190205393
- eISBN:
- 9780190205416
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190205393.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
This chapter introduces the method of revision through introduction. In the process of recasting their received material, ancient Near Eastern scribes often added new content to the front. This is ...
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This chapter introduces the method of revision through introduction. In the process of recasting their received material, ancient Near Eastern scribes often added new content to the front. This is attested in hard evidence from Mesopotamia and in inconsistencies that are present in the final form of many biblical texts. These additions, even the most transformative ones, did not require the rest of the work to be rewritten in line with the new contribution. Rather, the introduction itself could carry the burden of transforming the reception of the older work. This chapter provides surveys of the transmission of both Mesopotamian and Hebrew/biblical literature, and highlights key studies on revision within Assyriology and biblical studies. It closes with some remarks about the terms, aims, and methodologies that are used throughout the book.Less
This chapter introduces the method of revision through introduction. In the process of recasting their received material, ancient Near Eastern scribes often added new content to the front. This is attested in hard evidence from Mesopotamia and in inconsistencies that are present in the final form of many biblical texts. These additions, even the most transformative ones, did not require the rest of the work to be rewritten in line with the new contribution. Rather, the introduction itself could carry the burden of transforming the reception of the older work. This chapter provides surveys of the transmission of both Mesopotamian and Hebrew/biblical literature, and highlights key studies on revision within Assyriology and biblical studies. It closes with some remarks about the terms, aims, and methodologies that are used throughout the book.
Peter M. Head
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199566365
- eISBN:
- 9780191740985
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566365.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
The paucity of manuscripts, alongside the relative absence of information about the text of Mark in the early period, is something that distinguishes the text of Mark from that of the other three ...
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The paucity of manuscripts, alongside the relative absence of information about the text of Mark in the early period, is something that distinguishes the text of Mark from that of the other three canonical gospels. The only pre-fourth century manuscript of Mark is P45. Nevertheless, a good case can be made that our fourth-century witnesses represent copies of a well preserved early text of Mark, and that the more free forms of the text (such as P45) could be derived from such a text.Less
The paucity of manuscripts, alongside the relative absence of information about the text of Mark in the early period, is something that distinguishes the text of Mark from that of the other three canonical gospels. The only pre-fourth century manuscript of Mark is P45. Nevertheless, a good case can be made that our fourth-century witnesses represent copies of a well preserved early text of Mark, and that the more free forms of the text (such as P45) could be derived from such a text.
Alicia Simpson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199670710
- eISBN:
- 9780191758119
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199670710.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter examines the complicated textual tradition and transmission of the History, focusing on the two main versions in which the text has survived, the b(revior) and the a(uctior), and ...
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This chapter examines the complicated textual tradition and transmission of the History, focusing on the two main versions in which the text has survived, the b(revior) and the a(uctior), and describing their differences on the level of style, content, and purpose through a selection of representative examples. It also investigates the transmission of the History, its potential audience, and its use by later writers.Less
This chapter examines the complicated textual tradition and transmission of the History, focusing on the two main versions in which the text has survived, the b(revior) and the a(uctior), and describing their differences on the level of style, content, and purpose through a selection of representative examples. It also investigates the transmission of the History, its potential audience, and its use by later writers.
Theodora A. Hadjimichael
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198810865
- eISBN:
- 9780191848001
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198810865.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book explores the process of canonization of Greek lyric, as well as the textual transmission, and preservation of the lyric poems from the archaic period through to their emergence from the ...
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This book explores the process of canonization of Greek lyric, as well as the textual transmission, and preservation of the lyric poems from the archaic period through to their emergence from the Library at Alexandria as edited texts. It takes into account a broad range of primary material, and focuses on specific genres, authors, philosophical schools, and scholarly activities that played a critical role in the survival and canonization of lyric poetry: comedy, Plato, Aristotle’s Peripatos, and the Hellenistic scholars. It explores therefore the way in which fifth- and fourth-century sources received and interpreted lyric material, and the role they played both in the scholarly work of the Alexandrians and in the creation of what we conventionally call the Hellenistic Lyric Canon by considering the changing contexts within which lyric songs and texts operated. With the exception of Bacchylides, whose reception and Hellenistic reputation is analysed separately, it becomes clear that the canonization of the lyric poets follows a pattern of transmission and reception. The overall analysis demonstrates that the process of canonization was already at work in the fifth- and fourth-centuries BC and that the Lyric Canon remained stable and unchanged up to the Hellenistic era, when it was inherited by the Hellenistic scholars.Less
This book explores the process of canonization of Greek lyric, as well as the textual transmission, and preservation of the lyric poems from the archaic period through to their emergence from the Library at Alexandria as edited texts. It takes into account a broad range of primary material, and focuses on specific genres, authors, philosophical schools, and scholarly activities that played a critical role in the survival and canonization of lyric poetry: comedy, Plato, Aristotle’s Peripatos, and the Hellenistic scholars. It explores therefore the way in which fifth- and fourth-century sources received and interpreted lyric material, and the role they played both in the scholarly work of the Alexandrians and in the creation of what we conventionally call the Hellenistic Lyric Canon by considering the changing contexts within which lyric songs and texts operated. With the exception of Bacchylides, whose reception and Hellenistic reputation is analysed separately, it becomes clear that the canonization of the lyric poets follows a pattern of transmission and reception. The overall analysis demonstrates that the process of canonization was already at work in the fifth- and fourth-centuries BC and that the Lyric Canon remained stable and unchanged up to the Hellenistic era, when it was inherited by the Hellenistic scholars.
