Matthew Frank
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199233649
- eISBN:
- 9780191716294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199233649.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines British involvement in the organized movement of German populations in 1946 when the British zone received upwards of 1.5 million Germans from Poland under ‘Operation Swallow’. ...
More
This chapter examines British involvement in the organized movement of German populations in 1946 when the British zone received upwards of 1.5 million Germans from Poland under ‘Operation Swallow’. This experience of population transfer in practice was an unhappy one, made all the more so by the unfavourable comparisons drawn with transfers from Czechoslovakia, and it confirmed many of the earlier misgivings about undertakings of this nature and on this scale. The essentially political motivations for continuing to accept Germans from Poland despite chronic overcrowding in the British zone are discussed, as are the reasons for the more positive appraisal of Czechoslovak policy. The final section of the chapter is a micro-study of the role played by British liaison teams in Poland during ‘Operation Swallow’, and illustrates some of the complications arising from third-party involvement in mass population transfers.Less
This chapter examines British involvement in the organized movement of German populations in 1946 when the British zone received upwards of 1.5 million Germans from Poland under ‘Operation Swallow’. This experience of population transfer in practice was an unhappy one, made all the more so by the unfavourable comparisons drawn with transfers from Czechoslovakia, and it confirmed many of the earlier misgivings about undertakings of this nature and on this scale. The essentially political motivations for continuing to accept Germans from Poland despite chronic overcrowding in the British zone are discussed, as are the reasons for the more positive appraisal of Czechoslovak policy. The final section of the chapter is a micro-study of the role played by British liaison teams in Poland during ‘Operation Swallow’, and illustrates some of the complications arising from third-party involvement in mass population transfers.
Gordon M. Shepherd
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231177009
- eISBN:
- 9780231542876
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231177009.001.0001
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience
In his new book, Gordon M. Shepherd expands on the startling discovery that the brain creates the taste of wine. This approach to understanding wine's sensory experience draws on findings in ...
More
In his new book, Gordon M. Shepherd expands on the startling discovery that the brain creates the taste of wine. This approach to understanding wine's sensory experience draws on findings in neuroscience, biomechanics, human physiology, and traditional enology. Shepherd shows, just as he did in Neurogastronomy: How the Brain Creates Flavor and Why It Matters, that creating the taste of wine engages more of the brain than does any other human behavior. He clearly illustrates the scientific underpinnings of this process, along the way enhancing our enjoyment of wine. Neuroenology is the first book on wine tasting by a neuroscientist. It begins with the movements of wine through the mouth and then consults recent research to explain the function of retronasal smell and its extraordinary power in creating wine taste. Shepherd comprehensively explains how the specific sensory pathways in the cerebral cortex create the memory of wine and how language is used to identify and imprint wine characteristics. Intended for a broad audience of readers—from amateur wine drinkers to sommeliers, from casual foodies to seasoned chefs—Neuroenology shows how the emotion of pleasure is the final judge of the wine experience. It includes practical tips for a scientifically informed wine tasting and closes with a delightful account of Shepherd's experience tasting classic Bordeaux vintages with French winemaker Jean-Claude Berrouet of the Chateau Petrus and Dominus Estate.Less
In his new book, Gordon M. Shepherd expands on the startling discovery that the brain creates the taste of wine. This approach to understanding wine's sensory experience draws on findings in neuroscience, biomechanics, human physiology, and traditional enology. Shepherd shows, just as he did in Neurogastronomy: How the Brain Creates Flavor and Why It Matters, that creating the taste of wine engages more of the brain than does any other human behavior. He clearly illustrates the scientific underpinnings of this process, along the way enhancing our enjoyment of wine. Neuroenology is the first book on wine tasting by a neuroscientist. It begins with the movements of wine through the mouth and then consults recent research to explain the function of retronasal smell and its extraordinary power in creating wine taste. Shepherd comprehensively explains how the specific sensory pathways in the cerebral cortex create the memory of wine and how language is used to identify and imprint wine characteristics. Intended for a broad audience of readers—from amateur wine drinkers to sommeliers, from casual foodies to seasoned chefs—Neuroenology shows how the emotion of pleasure is the final judge of the wine experience. It includes practical tips for a scientifically informed wine tasting and closes with a delightful account of Shepherd's experience tasting classic Bordeaux vintages with French winemaker Jean-Claude Berrouet of the Chateau Petrus and Dominus Estate.
J.A. Burrow
- Published in print:
- 1984
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198111870
- eISBN:
- 9780191670657
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198111870.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
This chapter discusses in detail The Preaching of the Swallow, which is one of the animal fables in the uncompleted collection by Robert Henryson. Some of the features of the fable that are discussed ...
More
This chapter discusses in detail The Preaching of the Swallow, which is one of the animal fables in the uncompleted collection by Robert Henryson. Some of the features of the fable that are discussed include present alliterations, parallelisms, and structural significance.Less
This chapter discusses in detail The Preaching of the Swallow, which is one of the animal fables in the uncompleted collection by Robert Henryson. Some of the features of the fable that are discussed include present alliterations, parallelisms, and structural significance.
Richard J. Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199539352
- eISBN:
- 9780191724008
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199539352.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of flavour and its function in omnivores. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters. This is followed by a discussion of food ...
More
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of flavour and its function in omnivores. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters. This is followed by a discussion of food and drink; oral anatomy, mastication, and swallowing; interoceptive flavour senses — olfaction, gustation, and somatosensation.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of flavour and its function in omnivores. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters. This is followed by a discussion of food and drink; oral anatomy, mastication, and swallowing; interoceptive flavour senses — olfaction, gustation, and somatosensation.
Jane Machin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198530749
- eISBN:
- 9780191730467
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198530749.003.0006
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
This chapter discusses the ways a specialist speech and language therapist (SLT) can continue to help as part of the multidisciplinary team. The SLT can attempt to maximize the patient's remaining ...
More
This chapter discusses the ways a specialist speech and language therapist (SLT) can continue to help as part of the multidisciplinary team. The SLT can attempt to maximize the patient's remaining abilities and compensate for other aspects of swallowing and speech function that may be impaired. Most of the chapter concentrates on the practical applications of the SLT's knowledge for swallowing and speech difficulties. However, this does not give detailed information on the basic swallow mechanism or the articulatory and phonatory system in humans.Less
This chapter discusses the ways a specialist speech and language therapist (SLT) can continue to help as part of the multidisciplinary team. The SLT can attempt to maximize the patient's remaining abilities and compensate for other aspects of swallowing and speech function that may be impaired. Most of the chapter concentrates on the practical applications of the SLT's knowledge for swallowing and speech difficulties. However, this does not give detailed information on the basic swallow mechanism or the articulatory and phonatory system in humans.
Helen White
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198528074
- eISBN:
- 9780191730382
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528074.003.0007
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
This chapter examines some of the issues involved for those people diagnosed with a primary brain tumour who have developed swallowing and/or communication difficulties. Cancer is a multifaceted ...
More
This chapter examines some of the issues involved for those people diagnosed with a primary brain tumour who have developed swallowing and/or communication difficulties. Cancer is a multifaceted disease that requires involvement of several professionals and specialists. Patients with a primary brain tumour often acquire communication and swallowing difficulties, and recognition and palliation of such symptoms can be best addressed by a specialist speech and language therapist. The chapter focuses on the roles of speech and language therapists in a multi-professional neuro-oncology team. It does not cover the speech and language therapy management of paediatric tumours, nor does it provide detailed definitions and descriptions of speech, swallowing, and language disorders.Less
This chapter examines some of the issues involved for those people diagnosed with a primary brain tumour who have developed swallowing and/or communication difficulties. Cancer is a multifaceted disease that requires involvement of several professionals and specialists. Patients with a primary brain tumour often acquire communication and swallowing difficulties, and recognition and palliation of such symptoms can be best addressed by a specialist speech and language therapist. The chapter focuses on the roles of speech and language therapists in a multi-professional neuro-oncology team. It does not cover the speech and language therapy management of paediatric tumours, nor does it provide detailed definitions and descriptions of speech, swallowing, and language disorders.
Amanda Scott and Maryanne McPhee
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199212934
- eISBN:
- 9780191730368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212934.003.0014
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
Communicating is a fundamental human activity, enabling people to share thoughts about life experiences. For ALS patients, speech may become incomprehensible and the language and cognitive functions ...
More
Communicating is a fundamental human activity, enabling people to share thoughts about life experiences. For ALS patients, speech may become incomprehensible and the language and cognitive functions become impaired. These dilemmas lead to difficulties in interacting with family and loved ones, with carers and health providers. This chapter discusses the role of speech and language therapist in ALS. Among their significant roles are assessment of both speech and swallowing and providing advice and support of augmentative and alternative communication systems, including support of swallowing and secretion care. The chapter also discusses the different aspects of speech and communication impairment in ALS patients.Less
Communicating is a fundamental human activity, enabling people to share thoughts about life experiences. For ALS patients, speech may become incomprehensible and the language and cognitive functions become impaired. These dilemmas lead to difficulties in interacting with family and loved ones, with carers and health providers. This chapter discusses the role of speech and language therapist in ALS. Among their significant roles are assessment of both speech and swallowing and providing advice and support of augmentative and alternative communication systems, including support of swallowing and secretion care. The chapter also discusses the different aspects of speech and communication impairment in ALS patients.
Edith Wagner-Sonntag and Mario Prosiegel
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199212934
- eISBN:
- 9780191730368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212934.003.0007
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter discusses dysphagia or the difficulty of swallowing common in ALS patients, including its assessment and management strategies. Assessment of dysphagia includes clinical examination, ...
More
This chapter discusses dysphagia or the difficulty of swallowing common in ALS patients, including its assessment and management strategies. Assessment of dysphagia includes clinical examination, videoflouroscopy, and endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Treatment of dysphagia in patients includes several measures such as positioning, dietary modifications, compensatory techniques, and safety strategies. Patients with severe dysphagia are administered with augmented feeding techniques such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, nasogastric, or jejunostomy. Dysphagia-related symptoms such as sialorrhoea, mucus secretions, and gastroesophageal reflux can be treated through medicines. The efficacy of palliative care is assessed through nutritional status of the patient, the use of specific dysphagia-related scales, and quality of life scales. Management of dysphagia requires a multidisciplinary team approach and ongoing assessment of the medical community, language therapists, dieticians, the patients, and their families.Less
This chapter discusses dysphagia or the difficulty of swallowing common in ALS patients, including its assessment and management strategies. Assessment of dysphagia includes clinical examination, videoflouroscopy, and endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Treatment of dysphagia in patients includes several measures such as positioning, dietary modifications, compensatory techniques, and safety strategies. Patients with severe dysphagia are administered with augmented feeding techniques such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, nasogastric, or jejunostomy. Dysphagia-related symptoms such as sialorrhoea, mucus secretions, and gastroesophageal reflux can be treated through medicines. The efficacy of palliative care is assessed through nutritional status of the patient, the use of specific dysphagia-related scales, and quality of life scales. Management of dysphagia requires a multidisciplinary team approach and ongoing assessment of the medical community, language therapists, dieticians, the patients, and their families.
Alan H. Sommerstein, David Fitzpatrick, and Thomas Talboy
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- February 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780856687655
- eISBN:
- 9781800343214
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9780856687655.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Plays and Playwrights: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter discusses Sophocles's tragic play Tereus, which follows Tereus, king of Thrace, who received Procne in marriage from the Athenian king, Pandion. It covers two versions of the myth about ...
More
This chapter discusses Sophocles's tragic play Tereus, which follows Tereus, king of Thrace, who received Procne in marriage from the Athenian king, Pandion. It covers two versions of the myth about Tereus, in which both aetiologies explain the nightingale's song that existed from an early period. It also analyses evidence that shows that the future nightingale and swallow were partners in the murder of Itys from an early period. The chapter reviews sleeping patterns of the birds in Hesiod that indicate that the main responsibility for killing the child lies with the nightingale. It examines some fragments of an Attic red-figure kylix that depict the murder of Itys, whose name appears on the vase.Less
This chapter discusses Sophocles's tragic play Tereus, which follows Tereus, king of Thrace, who received Procne in marriage from the Athenian king, Pandion. It covers two versions of the myth about Tereus, in which both aetiologies explain the nightingale's song that existed from an early period. It also analyses evidence that shows that the future nightingale and swallow were partners in the murder of Itys from an early period. The chapter reviews sleeping patterns of the birds in Hesiod that indicate that the main responsibility for killing the child lies with the nightingale. It examines some fragments of an Attic red-figure kylix that depict the murder of Itys, whose name appears on the vase.
Williams Martin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083491
- eISBN:
- 9780199853205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083491.003.0010
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Jimmy Giuffre was an American jazz saxophone and clarinet player, arranger, and composer. He is famous for his development of other forms of jazz which allows for free interplay between the ...
More
Jimmy Giuffre was an American jazz saxophone and clarinet player, arranger, and composer. He is famous for his development of other forms of jazz which allows for free interplay between the musicians, anticipating forms of improvisation. Giuffre created a trio which besides himself, comprised of Steve Swallow, bass, and Don Friedman, piano. Rehearsals usually took place in his apartment on Upper East Side in New York City. Several musicians provided the bass and piano parts during practices, since Paul Bley joined Sonny Rollins a year after and Swallow starting working in the Art Farmer Quartet.Less
Jimmy Giuffre was an American jazz saxophone and clarinet player, arranger, and composer. He is famous for his development of other forms of jazz which allows for free interplay between the musicians, anticipating forms of improvisation. Giuffre created a trio which besides himself, comprised of Steve Swallow, bass, and Don Friedman, piano. Rehearsals usually took place in his apartment on Upper East Side in New York City. Several musicians provided the bass and piano parts during practices, since Paul Bley joined Sonny Rollins a year after and Swallow starting working in the Art Farmer Quartet.
Williams Martin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083491
- eISBN:
- 9780199853205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083491.003.0014
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Scott LaFaro was one of the most influential jazz bassists, best known for his collaboration with the Bill Evans Trio. LaFaro started to play clarinet at the age of fourteen and he studied during ...
More
Scott LaFaro was one of the most influential jazz bassists, best known for his collaboration with the Bill Evans Trio. LaFaro started to play clarinet at the age of fourteen and he studied during high school. Steve Swallow was a jazz double bass and bass guitarist/composer; he was one of the leading jazz bassists and was noted for his musical collaborations with Carla Bley, Gary Burton, as well as Jimmy Giuffre. He was the first jazz musician who switched entirely to bass guitar. Gary Peacock was an American double bassist. After his military service in Germany, he worked on the west coast during the 1960s, where he worked with Bley and the Bill Evans trio.Less
Scott LaFaro was one of the most influential jazz bassists, best known for his collaboration with the Bill Evans Trio. LaFaro started to play clarinet at the age of fourteen and he studied during high school. Steve Swallow was a jazz double bass and bass guitarist/composer; he was one of the leading jazz bassists and was noted for his musical collaborations with Carla Bley, Gary Burton, as well as Jimmy Giuffre. He was the first jazz musician who switched entirely to bass guitar. Gary Peacock was an American double bassist. After his military service in Germany, he worked on the west coast during the 1960s, where he worked with Bley and the Bill Evans trio.
Sarah Thaller
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496811677
- eISBN:
- 9781496811714
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496811677.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter demonstrates the ability of comics to transcend the limitations of language in narratives about mental illness by focusing first on David Heatley's three-part comic, “Overpeck,” and ...
More
This chapter demonstrates the ability of comics to transcend the limitations of language in narratives about mental illness by focusing first on David Heatley's three-part comic, “Overpeck,” and second on Nate Powell's Swallow Me Whole. “Overpeck” tells the story of a young girl, Sadie Grace, who lives with post-traumatic stress disorder, a complex mental disorder that occurs as a result of trauma. Swallow Me Whole is a long-form comic that brilliantly uses the combination of text and image to convey the experience of two teenage siblings with schizophrenia. While neither of these texts is directly marketed as young adult fiction, both feature adolescent protagonists with experiences that are relatable and understandable for young readers who would benefit greatly from such authentic depictions of mental illness.Less
This chapter demonstrates the ability of comics to transcend the limitations of language in narratives about mental illness by focusing first on David Heatley's three-part comic, “Overpeck,” and second on Nate Powell's Swallow Me Whole. “Overpeck” tells the story of a young girl, Sadie Grace, who lives with post-traumatic stress disorder, a complex mental disorder that occurs as a result of trauma. Swallow Me Whole is a long-form comic that brilliantly uses the combination of text and image to convey the experience of two teenage siblings with schizophrenia. While neither of these texts is directly marketed as young adult fiction, both feature adolescent protagonists with experiences that are relatable and understandable for young readers who would benefit greatly from such authentic depictions of mental illness.
Thomas L. Ahern
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813125619
- eISBN:
- 9780813135342
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813125619.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The Sea Swallows were all ethnic Chinese, and the ranks of the emigrants from China were soon increased when Father Nguyen Loc Hoa began recruiting Catholics from Cholon. The ethnic composition of ...
More
The Sea Swallows were all ethnic Chinese, and the ranks of the emigrants from China were soon increased when Father Nguyen Loc Hoa began recruiting Catholics from Cholon. The ethnic composition of the Sea Swallows offered an opportunity to engage the Nationalist government on Taiwan in counterinsurgency in Vietnam, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) promptly set out to exploit it. The resulting agreement brought a Chinese Special Forces team to Binh Hung in April 1962. This created a trilateral advisory arrangement at Binh Hung, with a Vietnamese Special Forces team joining the Nationalists and the CIA-directed U.S. Special Forces unit. With the rest of the U.S. Mission mobilized in support of the Strategic Hamlet effort, the station was free to devote the bulk of its resources to its other programs. Bill Colby continued to monitor Ngo Dinh Nhu's understanding of Strategic Hamlet progress and to distribute the reporting on it received from independent station sources.Less
The Sea Swallows were all ethnic Chinese, and the ranks of the emigrants from China were soon increased when Father Nguyen Loc Hoa began recruiting Catholics from Cholon. The ethnic composition of the Sea Swallows offered an opportunity to engage the Nationalist government on Taiwan in counterinsurgency in Vietnam, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) promptly set out to exploit it. The resulting agreement brought a Chinese Special Forces team to Binh Hung in April 1962. This created a trilateral advisory arrangement at Binh Hung, with a Vietnamese Special Forces team joining the Nationalists and the CIA-directed U.S. Special Forces unit. With the rest of the U.S. Mission mobilized in support of the Strategic Hamlet effort, the station was free to devote the bulk of its resources to its other programs. Bill Colby continued to monitor Ngo Dinh Nhu's understanding of Strategic Hamlet progress and to distribute the reporting on it received from independent station sources.
Mark Selikowitz
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780192622990
- eISBN:
- 9780191918391
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780192622990.003.0015
- Subject:
- Education, Teaching of Specific Groups and Special Educational Needs
Vanessa was first seen at the clinic one year ago, at the age of eight years. Her teacher had reported that she seemed ‘slower’ than the other children in ...
More
Vanessa was first seen at the clinic one year ago, at the age of eight years. Her teacher had reported that she seemed ‘slower’ than the other children in the class. She observed that Vanessa often did not understand what was going on in the class, and was easily upset by changes in routine. She also had difficulties expressing her ideas and relating her experiences. Her reading, spelling, and writing were all behind those of the rest of the class. A psychologist’s assessment showed Vanessa’s non-verbal intelligence to be in the average range, but with difficulties in comprehension. Her reading, spelling, and writing all showed more than two years’ delay. A doctor could find no abnormalities to account for her problem. Her hearing was tested and found to be normal. Vanessa was referred to a speech therapist. She found that Vanessa’s comprehension was at a level more than two years below her age and that she had many difficulties in her understanding of language. For example, although she understood common prepositions such as ‘in’, ‘on’, and ‘under’, she misinterpreted others such as ‘beside’, ‘behind’, ‘through’, and ‘around’. She also confused past and present tenses. The speech therapist spoke to the parents and the teacher about ways of helping Vanessa. She also started seeing her regularly, once a week, for speech therapy sessions. Now, after 10 months of such help, Vanessa has shown great improvement in her language comprehension and her academic skills. Language plays a central role in specific learning difficulties. Reading requires the ability to decode written language and spelling and writing require the ability to encode spoken language. Arithmetic requires language skills to understand the words used to state problems involving numbers. This chapter deals with the disorders of speech and language that often accompany specific learning difficulties. These may involve the understanding of language (which is referred to as receptive language) and the use of language (which is referred to as expressive language). There may also be involvement of speech (which relates to the clarity and fluency of the spoken word).
Less
Vanessa was first seen at the clinic one year ago, at the age of eight years. Her teacher had reported that she seemed ‘slower’ than the other children in the class. She observed that Vanessa often did not understand what was going on in the class, and was easily upset by changes in routine. She also had difficulties expressing her ideas and relating her experiences. Her reading, spelling, and writing were all behind those of the rest of the class. A psychologist’s assessment showed Vanessa’s non-verbal intelligence to be in the average range, but with difficulties in comprehension. Her reading, spelling, and writing all showed more than two years’ delay. A doctor could find no abnormalities to account for her problem. Her hearing was tested and found to be normal. Vanessa was referred to a speech therapist. She found that Vanessa’s comprehension was at a level more than two years below her age and that she had many difficulties in her understanding of language. For example, although she understood common prepositions such as ‘in’, ‘on’, and ‘under’, she misinterpreted others such as ‘beside’, ‘behind’, ‘through’, and ‘around’. She also confused past and present tenses. The speech therapist spoke to the parents and the teacher about ways of helping Vanessa. She also started seeing her regularly, once a week, for speech therapy sessions. Now, after 10 months of such help, Vanessa has shown great improvement in her language comprehension and her academic skills. Language plays a central role in specific learning difficulties. Reading requires the ability to decode written language and spelling and writing require the ability to encode spoken language. Arithmetic requires language skills to understand the words used to state problems involving numbers. This chapter deals with the disorders of speech and language that often accompany specific learning difficulties. These may involve the understanding of language (which is referred to as receptive language) and the use of language (which is referred to as expressive language). There may also be involvement of speech (which relates to the clarity and fluency of the spoken word).
Alan Kelly
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190687694
- eISBN:
- 9780197559819
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190687694.003.0021
- Subject:
- Chemistry, Organic Chemistry
It seems appropriate to finish this book with the equivalent of a dessert or aperitif, to send the reader off with a sense of satisfaction, satiation, and hopefully ...
More
It seems appropriate to finish this book with the equivalent of a dessert or aperitif, to send the reader off with a sense of satisfaction, satiation, and hopefully pleasure. I thought about polishing my crystal ball and trying to project into what food might look like in the future but, as the Nobel Prize-winning Danish physicist Niels Bohr once said, prediction is very difficult, especially when it is about the future. Futuristic predictions are of course notoriously unreliable, as can be seen by the fact that we should all surely have our personalized jet-packs by now. Interestingly, one theme that may have come through in this book is that the future of food, at least for the next few decades, is, to adapt a quote by the writer William Gibson, probably here already, but just not equally distributed. The progress of food science has happened sporadically and unevenly, as when Bert Hite showed that high pressures could preserve food a century before anyone figured out how to make that work in a practical sense, and when NASA was introducing innovations in food safety and packaging for space travel that years later have become common practice in our restaurant kitchens and on our supermarket shelves. The story of food science in the last century has been about taking all that we knew about the art, provenance, and processing of food in the prescientific era and underpinning anecdote with fact and understanding. I think that this great era of scientific study of food has answered the main questions, such that we understand broadly why most of the things we have observed since mankind emerged and started to eat things happen, and moreover how to control these to our greatest advantage. Many scientific phenomena relating to food are well described, in textbooks, websites, and a huge body of scientific papers, while of course leaving plenty of interesting questions and challenges for future generations of food scientists to explore.
Less
It seems appropriate to finish this book with the equivalent of a dessert or aperitif, to send the reader off with a sense of satisfaction, satiation, and hopefully pleasure. I thought about polishing my crystal ball and trying to project into what food might look like in the future but, as the Nobel Prize-winning Danish physicist Niels Bohr once said, prediction is very difficult, especially when it is about the future. Futuristic predictions are of course notoriously unreliable, as can be seen by the fact that we should all surely have our personalized jet-packs by now. Interestingly, one theme that may have come through in this book is that the future of food, at least for the next few decades, is, to adapt a quote by the writer William Gibson, probably here already, but just not equally distributed. The progress of food science has happened sporadically and unevenly, as when Bert Hite showed that high pressures could preserve food a century before anyone figured out how to make that work in a practical sense, and when NASA was introducing innovations in food safety and packaging for space travel that years later have become common practice in our restaurant kitchens and on our supermarket shelves. The story of food science in the last century has been about taking all that we knew about the art, provenance, and processing of food in the prescientific era and underpinning anecdote with fact and understanding. I think that this great era of scientific study of food has answered the main questions, such that we understand broadly why most of the things we have observed since mankind emerged and started to eat things happen, and moreover how to control these to our greatest advantage. Many scientific phenomena relating to food are well described, in textbooks, websites, and a huge body of scientific papers, while of course leaving plenty of interesting questions and challenges for future generations of food scientists to explore.
Dom Colbert
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780199664528
- eISBN:
- 9780191918315
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199664528.003.0013
- Subject:
- Clinical Medicine and Allied Health, Professional Development in Medicine
There has been a remarkable increase in adventure and extreme travel in recent years. This includes travel in remote areas, mountain climbing, e.g. Kilamanjaro, living ...
More
There has been a remarkable increase in adventure and extreme travel in recent years. This includes travel in remote areas, mountain climbing, e.g. Kilamanjaro, living in rough and dangerous situations, and working in slums and shanty towns. Young adults, students, and backpackers constitute the majority of adventure travellers. They also constitute a group that is the most careless about health and most loathe spending money on a pre-travel consultation. Chapter 10 is devoted to special activities, which is a natural continuation of adventure travel.
Less
There has been a remarkable increase in adventure and extreme travel in recent years. This includes travel in remote areas, mountain climbing, e.g. Kilamanjaro, living in rough and dangerous situations, and working in slums and shanty towns. Young adults, students, and backpackers constitute the majority of adventure travellers. They also constitute a group that is the most careless about health and most loathe spending money on a pre-travel consultation. Chapter 10 is devoted to special activities, which is a natural continuation of adventure travel.
Gordon M. Shepherd
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231177009
- eISBN:
- 9780231542876
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231177009.003.0003
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience
When taking the first sip, the key questions for neuroenology are, first, how does the wine stimulate the taste and mouth-feel systems in the mouth, and second, how does it give rise to volatiles ...
More
When taking the first sip, the key questions for neuroenology are, first, how does the wine stimulate the taste and mouth-feel systems in the mouth, and second, how does it give rise to volatiles that dominate the wine taste through retronasal smell. The mechanics of the sip and functions of the saliva are described.Less
When taking the first sip, the key questions for neuroenology are, first, how does the wine stimulate the taste and mouth-feel systems in the mouth, and second, how does it give rise to volatiles that dominate the wine taste through retronasal smell. The mechanics of the sip and functions of the saliva are described.
Gordon M. Shepherd
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231177009
- eISBN:
- 9780231542876
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231177009.003.0006
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience
Swallowing is a complex act, crucial to the wine tasting experience. We describe the swallowing muscles, controlled by the swallowing central pattern generator. We describe the steps in swallowing, ...
More
Swallowing is a complex act, crucial to the wine tasting experience. We describe the swallowing muscles, controlled by the swallowing central pattern generator. We describe the steps in swallowing, from mouth to throat to esophagus. After swallowing come two essential stages in wine tasting: the aroma burst from the wine coating the throat, and the “finish” - how long the taste remains.Less
Swallowing is a complex act, crucial to the wine tasting experience. We describe the swallowing muscles, controlled by the swallowing central pattern generator. We describe the steps in swallowing, from mouth to throat to esophagus. After swallowing come two essential stages in wine tasting: the aroma burst from the wine coating the throat, and the “finish” - how long the taste remains.
Ellen Crowell
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748625482
- eISBN:
- 9780748652051
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625482.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter compares dandyism in Anglo-Irish and Anglo-Southern literature, focusing on Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent and John Pendleton Kennedy's Swallow Barn. It argues that in these two ...
More
This chapter compares dandyism in Anglo-Irish and Anglo-Southern literature, focusing on Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent and John Pendleton Kennedy's Swallow Barn. It argues that in these two texts, considered as foundational in the Irish big house and southern plantation novel traditions, the dandy figure's cultural and sexual decadence threatens colonial aristocracy. The chapter suggests that a common merger of aesthetics and proactive reform links the Anglo-Irish big house and Southern plantation novel literary traditions from their inception.Less
This chapter compares dandyism in Anglo-Irish and Anglo-Southern literature, focusing on Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent and John Pendleton Kennedy's Swallow Barn. It argues that in these two texts, considered as foundational in the Irish big house and southern plantation novel traditions, the dandy figure's cultural and sexual decadence threatens colonial aristocracy. The chapter suggests that a common merger of aesthetics and proactive reform links the Anglo-Irish big house and Southern plantation novel literary traditions from their inception.
Jules Pretty
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501709333
- eISBN:
- 9781501709340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501709333.003.0008
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter describes the east country in August, beginning with a discussion of ragwort. This bright Compositae is related to chamomile and feverfew, medicinal and good plants. However, it is a ...
More
This chapter describes the east country in August, beginning with a discussion of ragwort. This bright Compositae is related to chamomile and feverfew, medicinal and good plants. However, it is a notifiable weed and toxic. The ministry has a Ragwort Code: all landowners must cut, spray, or pull all ragwort. Yet thirty species of insect depend exclusively on ragwort, another twenty-two eat much in their diet. Back in the slow vale, the scent of harvested field filled the valley. It was a grand moment of the year, when food flows from the land. Yet it was also a wistful time. Soon swift will drift and swallow gather on the wires.Less
This chapter describes the east country in August, beginning with a discussion of ragwort. This bright Compositae is related to chamomile and feverfew, medicinal and good plants. However, it is a notifiable weed and toxic. The ministry has a Ragwort Code: all landowners must cut, spray, or pull all ragwort. Yet thirty species of insect depend exclusively on ragwort, another twenty-two eat much in their diet. Back in the slow vale, the scent of harvested field filled the valley. It was a grand moment of the year, when food flows from the land. Yet it was also a wistful time. Soon swift will drift and swallow gather on the wires.
