Silvia Fabiani, Claire Suzanne Loupias, Fernando Manuel Monteiro Martins, and Roberto Sabbatini (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195309287
- eISBN:
- 9780199783939
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309287.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
Theoretical research undertaken over the last decades showed that the nature of nominal rigidities plays a key role in determining the effects of different shocks on the economy. This research has ...
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Theoretical research undertaken over the last decades showed that the nature of nominal rigidities plays a key role in determining the effects of different shocks on the economy. This research has made clear that a thorough understanding of the extent and causes of the sluggish adjustment of nominal prices is crucial to the design and conduct of monetary policy. This book presents the main results of a research program undertaken by the Eurosystem central banks on price setting decisions by firms in the euro area. Its objective is to deepen our understanding of the behavioral mechanisms driving agents' pricing decisions, adopting a methodological approach—asking firms directly about how they set the price of their output (their pricing strategies) and why (the rationale of these strategies)—that is particularly well suited for the purpose at hand. The book also compares results for the euro area to similar analyses for other countries and summarizes the main findings of studies based on individual quantitative micro data on consumer and producer prices carried out for most euro area countries. Finally, the book explores the monetary policy implications of the main findings.Less
Theoretical research undertaken over the last decades showed that the nature of nominal rigidities plays a key role in determining the effects of different shocks on the economy. This research has made clear that a thorough understanding of the extent and causes of the sluggish adjustment of nominal prices is crucial to the design and conduct of monetary policy. This book presents the main results of a research program undertaken by the Eurosystem central banks on price setting decisions by firms in the euro area. Its objective is to deepen our understanding of the behavioral mechanisms driving agents' pricing decisions, adopting a methodological approach—asking firms directly about how they set the price of their output (their pricing strategies) and why (the rationale of these strategies)—that is particularly well suited for the purpose at hand. The book also compares results for the euro area to similar analyses for other countries and summarizes the main findings of studies based on individual quantitative micro data on consumer and producer prices carried out for most euro area countries. Finally, the book explores the monetary policy implications of the main findings.
Roger Scully
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199284320
- eISBN:
- 9780191603365
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199284326.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
This chapter examines survey evidence regarding the potential impact of institutional socialisation processes in the European Parliament on MEPs’ attitudes. Parliamentarians’ opinions on a variety of ...
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This chapter examines survey evidence regarding the potential impact of institutional socialisation processes in the European Parliament on MEPs’ attitudes. Parliamentarians’ opinions on a variety of matters related to the development of European integration are explored. A direct comparison of MEPs with members of national parliaments shows no substantial relationship between service in the EP and more ‘pro-European’ views. And a more detailed assessment, concentrating solely on EP members, finds that those who have been in the parliament for a greater length of time — and thus have had a greater exposure to the putative impact of institutional socialisation — are no more likely to claim a ‘European’ identity, or to favour the deepening of integration or the extension of the powers of the EP, than their less experienced colleagues.Less
This chapter examines survey evidence regarding the potential impact of institutional socialisation processes in the European Parliament on MEPs’ attitudes. Parliamentarians’ opinions on a variety of matters related to the development of European integration are explored. A direct comparison of MEPs with members of national parliaments shows no substantial relationship between service in the EP and more ‘pro-European’ views. And a more detailed assessment, concentrating solely on EP members, finds that those who have been in the parliament for a greater length of time — and thus have had a greater exposure to the putative impact of institutional socialisation — are no more likely to claim a ‘European’ identity, or to favour the deepening of integration or the extension of the powers of the EP, than their less experienced colleagues.
Bengt‐Christer Ysander
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198287971
- eISBN:
- 9780191596704
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198287976.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Ysander explores the implementation decisions in Erikson's paper, which broadly encompasses (1) the choice of welfare indicators, where Ysander points to the problem encountered in ‘capability’ ...
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Ysander explores the implementation decisions in Erikson's paper, which broadly encompasses (1) the choice of welfare indicators, where Ysander points to the problem encountered in ‘capability’ measurement especially when the measurement is made across countries and across time; (2) the choice of distribution space, where Ysander notes that the survey‐limited‐distribution issues to questions of discrimination; and (3) the choice of measure of distributional change, where Ysander stresses that in order to understand the reason behind a change, one must trace how one position, or set of capabilities, or lack thereof, conditions the next.Less
Ysander explores the implementation decisions in Erikson's paper, which broadly encompasses (1) the choice of welfare indicators, where Ysander points to the problem encountered in ‘capability’ measurement especially when the measurement is made across countries and across time; (2) the choice of distribution space, where Ysander notes that the survey‐limited‐distribution issues to questions of discrimination; and (3) the choice of measure of distributional change, where Ysander stresses that in order to understand the reason behind a change, one must trace how one position, or set of capabilities, or lack thereof, conditions the next.
Harold D. Clarke, David Sanders, Marianne C. Stewart, and Paul Whiteley
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- November 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199244881
- eISBN:
- 9780191601521
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019924488X.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Introduces the principal questions–why British citizens vote, why they make the party choices that they do, to what extent do they engage with the political process beyond participation in elections, ...
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Introduces the principal questions–why British citizens vote, why they make the party choices that they do, to what extent do they engage with the political process beyond participation in elections, and what does the pattern of engagement over the last four decades tell us about the health of contemporary British democracy–that structure the analyses in various chapters. Chapter 1 also presents an overview of the two major competing theoretical frameworks, the sociological and individual-rationality frameworks, and various specific models located in these frameworks, which are used to answer these questions. The 2001 BES data set and various other data sets employed in the analyses are described, and the content of the several chapters that follow is summarized.Less
Introduces the principal questions–why British citizens vote, why they make the party choices that they do, to what extent do they engage with the political process beyond participation in elections, and what does the pattern of engagement over the last four decades tell us about the health of contemporary British democracy–that structure the analyses in various chapters. Chapter 1 also presents an overview of the two major competing theoretical frameworks, the sociological and individual-rationality frameworks, and various specific models located in these frameworks, which are used to answer these questions. The 2001 BES data set and various other data sets employed in the analyses are described, and the content of the several chapters that follow is summarized.
Lin Foxhall
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143019
- eISBN:
- 9781400846306
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143019.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter considers what a site survey might reveal about the appearance of a new class of small farmers in archaic Greece. It gives a brief history of the discipline and explains the strengths ...
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This chapter considers what a site survey might reveal about the appearance of a new class of small farmers in archaic Greece. It gives a brief history of the discipline and explains the strengths and limitations of using its findings for historical analysis. This study of eight survey projects across Greece, including Boeotia, the Argolid, Laconia, and Pylos, focuses on data for the Geometric through the Hellenistic periods. The chapter suggests that the archaeology tells us a different story than the historical record of citizens, soldiers, and property owners. The survey data show the rise of a densely populated countryside of small-scale farmers neither in the eighth century nor, universally, in the sixth century.Less
This chapter considers what a site survey might reveal about the appearance of a new class of small farmers in archaic Greece. It gives a brief history of the discipline and explains the strengths and limitations of using its findings for historical analysis. This study of eight survey projects across Greece, including Boeotia, the Argolid, Laconia, and Pylos, focuses on data for the Geometric through the Hellenistic periods. The chapter suggests that the archaeology tells us a different story than the historical record of citizens, soldiers, and property owners. The survey data show the rise of a densely populated countryside of small-scale farmers neither in the eighth century nor, universally, in the sixth century.
Peter Attema and Tymon de Haas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199602353
- eISBN:
- 9780191731570
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199602353.003.0005
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE, Archaeology: Classical
This chapter presents a case study on regional demographic reconstructions based on data assembled for the Carta Archeologica of the municipal territory of Nettuno, central Italy. The aim of this ...
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This chapter presents a case study on regional demographic reconstructions based on data assembled for the Carta Archeologica of the municipal territory of Nettuno, central Italy. The aim of this case study is to contribute to the methodological debate on the use of survey data for past (Roman) population reconstructions. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 1 discusses the uses of survey data in demographic reconstructions. Section 2 assesses the way the data were assembled while Section 3 deals with diachronic changes in the density and distribution of rural settlement types over the landscape. These data are then used in Section 4 to extrapolate population figures, elaborating methods used in earlier studies. The combined analysis of rural site data and subsequent demographic extrapolations furnish insights into the economic growth and decline of a part of the ager of Antium. The study highlights important methodological issues (especially on the relations between survey intensity and site recovery) that, in the context of the present volume, are of great importance. It also serves as a test case for future application to datasets available for other parts of the Pontine Region. Ultimately, the results may be used to test recent ideas on the extent of Rome's suburbium that would have reached as far as Antium and the Pontine Region.Less
This chapter presents a case study on regional demographic reconstructions based on data assembled for the Carta Archeologica of the municipal territory of Nettuno, central Italy. The aim of this case study is to contribute to the methodological debate on the use of survey data for past (Roman) population reconstructions. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 1 discusses the uses of survey data in demographic reconstructions. Section 2 assesses the way the data were assembled while Section 3 deals with diachronic changes in the density and distribution of rural settlement types over the landscape. These data are then used in Section 4 to extrapolate population figures, elaborating methods used in earlier studies. The combined analysis of rural site data and subsequent demographic extrapolations furnish insights into the economic growth and decline of a part of the ager of Antium. The study highlights important methodological issues (especially on the relations between survey intensity and site recovery) that, in the context of the present volume, are of great importance. It also serves as a test case for future application to datasets available for other parts of the Pontine Region. Ultimately, the results may be used to test recent ideas on the extent of Rome's suburbium that would have reached as far as Antium and the Pontine Region.
Fernando Martins
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195309287
- eISBN:
- 9780199783939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309287.003.0011
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
In this chapter, price stickiness in Portugal is analyzed on the basis of qualitative data coming from a survey conducted by the Banco de Portugal. The main conclusions are the following. First, ...
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In this chapter, price stickiness in Portugal is analyzed on the basis of qualitative data coming from a survey conducted by the Banco de Portugal. The main conclusions are the following. First, there is a considerable degree of price stickiness: most firms do not review or change their prices more than once a year, while time lags in price adjustments after shocks were found to be significant. Second, prices seem to go down more frequently than what is normally assumed: slightly more than 30 percent of total price changes are price decreases. Finally, customers' preference for stable prices, which take the form of implicit contracts, is apparently the main reason for the stickiness observed in pricesLess
In this chapter, price stickiness in Portugal is analyzed on the basis of qualitative data coming from a survey conducted by the Banco de Portugal. The main conclusions are the following. First, there is a considerable degree of price stickiness: most firms do not review or change their prices more than once a year, while time lags in price adjustments after shocks were found to be significant. Second, prices seem to go down more frequently than what is normally assumed: slightly more than 30 percent of total price changes are price decreases. Finally, customers' preference for stable prices, which take the form of implicit contracts, is apparently the main reason for the stickiness observed in prices
Silvia Fabiani, Claire Loupias, Martine Druant, Ignacio Hernando, Claudia Kwapil, Bettina Landau, Fernando Martins, Thomas Mathä, Sabbatini Roberto, Harald Stahl, and Ad Stokman
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195309287
- eISBN:
- 9780199783939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309287.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
This chapter summarizes the results of firms' pricing practices collected through surveys conducted by the national central banks of nine countries. The results suggest that the model of perfect ...
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This chapter summarizes the results of firms' pricing practices collected through surveys conducted by the national central banks of nine countries. The results suggest that the model of perfect competition with the law of one price is not the blueprint for euro area markets: markup pricing is the dominant practice adopted by firms in setting prices and price discrimination, across customers and markets, and it is very common. Around one-third of the companies follow mainly time-dependent rules while the remaining two-thirds use pricing rules with some element of state dependence. Firms review prices with a frequency between one and three times per year and take into account a wide range of information including expectations, although about one-third of them follows a purely backward-looking behavior. Price movements in response to shocks are asymmetrical: price increases are mostly affected by cost shocks, and price reductions mostly affected by changes in market conditions (demand and competitors' prices).Less
This chapter summarizes the results of firms' pricing practices collected through surveys conducted by the national central banks of nine countries. The results suggest that the model of perfect competition with the law of one price is not the blueprint for euro area markets: markup pricing is the dominant practice adopted by firms in setting prices and price discrimination, across customers and markets, and it is very common. Around one-third of the companies follow mainly time-dependent rules while the remaining two-thirds use pricing rules with some element of state dependence. Firms review prices with a frequency between one and three times per year and take into account a wide range of information including expectations, although about one-third of them follows a purely backward-looking behavior. Price movements in response to shocks are asymmetrical: price increases are mostly affected by cost shocks, and price reductions mostly affected by changes in market conditions (demand and competitors' prices).
Steve Selvin
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195146189
- eISBN:
- 9780199864720
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195146189.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
No one method using statistical tools to analyze important epidemiologic issues automatically yields the right answer, but a variety of methods creates a well-equipped tool kit, which is essential ...
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No one method using statistical tools to analyze important epidemiologic issues automatically yields the right answer, but a variety of methods creates a well-equipped tool kit, which is essential for dealing with the increasing complexity of modern data. Our choices among the varied tools are dictated by the kind of data we collect and the questions we ask. In practice, the application of statistical methods is very much an art form; its effectiveness depends largely on the tools, knowledge, and skills of the user. The book explores nineteen case studies, each illustrating important approaches to analyzing an actual research problem. These cases are based on real data from published sources, spotlighting a number of areas found in medical and epidemiologic research. They range from Mendel's classic sweet pea experiments to current studies of the risk of AIDS and the association of birth defects with exposure to electromagnetic field radiation. A few data sets have been drawn from available survey data and routinely collected public data.Less
No one method using statistical tools to analyze important epidemiologic issues automatically yields the right answer, but a variety of methods creates a well-equipped tool kit, which is essential for dealing with the increasing complexity of modern data. Our choices among the varied tools are dictated by the kind of data we collect and the questions we ask. In practice, the application of statistical methods is very much an art form; its effectiveness depends largely on the tools, knowledge, and skills of the user. The book explores nineteen case studies, each illustrating important approaches to analyzing an actual research problem. These cases are based on real data from published sources, spotlighting a number of areas found in medical and epidemiologic research. They range from Mendel's classic sweet pea experiments to current studies of the risk of AIDS and the association of birth defects with exposure to electromagnetic field radiation. A few data sets have been drawn from available survey data and routinely collected public data.
William A. Erickson, Arun Karpur, and Kevin F. Hallock
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501700583
- eISBN:
- 9781501703454
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501700583.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, HRM / IR
This chapter provides a broad overview of some important national datasets and how they can help inform research on the employment of individuals with disabilities. It first outlines a selected set ...
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This chapter provides a broad overview of some important national datasets and how they can help inform research on the employment of individuals with disabilities. It first outlines a selected set of available national survey data sources that cover both employer practices and disability status, then presents a subset of sources that include demographic data on individuals, the disability status of individuals, and information on labor market outcomes including employer practices. The chapter discusses the difficulties in using such data sources and describes some novel efforts to take advantage of existing data sources in furthering the study of employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities. Finally, this chapter describes some of the specific findings of empirical work that take advantage of the sources that have been previously described and collected.Less
This chapter provides a broad overview of some important national datasets and how they can help inform research on the employment of individuals with disabilities. It first outlines a selected set of available national survey data sources that cover both employer practices and disability status, then presents a subset of sources that include demographic data on individuals, the disability status of individuals, and information on labor market outcomes including employer practices. The chapter discusses the difficulties in using such data sources and describes some novel efforts to take advantage of existing data sources in furthering the study of employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities. Finally, this chapter describes some of the specific findings of empirical work that take advantage of the sources that have been previously described and collected.
Kay Lehman Schlozman, Sidney Verba, and Henry E. Brady
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691154848
- eISBN:
- 9781400841912
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691154848.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter uses evidence about political activity to shed light on two puzzles. First, the chapter considers why, in a two-party system with equal voting, contrary to the logic of the median voter ...
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This chapter uses evidence about political activity to shed light on two puzzles. First, the chapter considers why, in a two-party system with equal voting, contrary to the logic of the median voter model, the majority who have incomes at the lower end of the economic ladder do not use their voting power to foster public policies that redistribute wealth from those above the median. Second, the chapter looks at why the two parties and their candidates do not converge at the preferences of the median voter but instead offer genuine policy alternatives. In response, the chapter reveals that voters are not equal in their voting strength.Less
This chapter uses evidence about political activity to shed light on two puzzles. First, the chapter considers why, in a two-party system with equal voting, contrary to the logic of the median voter model, the majority who have incomes at the lower end of the economic ladder do not use their voting power to foster public policies that redistribute wealth from those above the median. Second, the chapter looks at why the two parties and their candidates do not converge at the preferences of the median voter but instead offer genuine policy alternatives. In response, the chapter reveals that voters are not equal in their voting strength.
Kay Lehman Schlozman, Sidney Verba, and Henry E. Brady
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691154848
- eISBN:
- 9781400841912
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691154848.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter considers several kinds of data that might show evidence of reinforcing or ameliorating tendencies in the paucity of organized representation for the resource deprived. It investigates ...
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This chapter considers several kinds of data that might show evidence of reinforcing or ameliorating tendencies in the paucity of organized representation for the resource deprived. It investigates whether, within any category, the organizations that have Washington representation are stratified by organizational size or budget. The chapter uses survey data about individual members of voluntary associations to query whether those who are active or are mobilized to political action in organizations and those who consider that the organization represents them are representative of all organization members. Finally, this chapter scrutinizes evidence gathered from organizations' websites to inquire whether the resource disadvantaged are gaining representation from other, perhaps more privileged, organizations in the pressure system.Less
This chapter considers several kinds of data that might show evidence of reinforcing or ameliorating tendencies in the paucity of organized representation for the resource deprived. It investigates whether, within any category, the organizations that have Washington representation are stratified by organizational size or budget. The chapter uses survey data about individual members of voluntary associations to query whether those who are active or are mobilized to political action in organizations and those who consider that the organization represents them are representative of all organization members. Finally, this chapter scrutinizes evidence gathered from organizations' websites to inquire whether the resource disadvantaged are gaining representation from other, perhaps more privileged, organizations in the pressure system.
Marc Porter Magee
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199234387
- eISBN:
- 9780191740619
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199234387.003.0135
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
This chapter aims to strengthen the empirical and conceptual understanding of the links between civic participation and the social network structure of social capital. It provides an analysis of ...
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This chapter aims to strengthen the empirical and conceptual understanding of the links between civic participation and the social network structure of social capital. It provides an analysis of original survey data that uses a position generator instrument, and considers some previous research.Less
This chapter aims to strengthen the empirical and conceptual understanding of the links between civic participation and the social network structure of social capital. It provides an analysis of original survey data that uses a position generator instrument, and considers some previous research.
Hassan Enayati and Sarah von Schrader
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501700583
- eISBN:
- 9781501703454
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501700583.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, HRM / IR
This chapter considers the applications of administrative datasets for the purposes of researching employer practices. Administrative data are generally collected by an organization in the course of ...
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This chapter considers the applications of administrative datasets for the purposes of researching employer practices. Administrative data are generally collected by an organization in the course of its regular operations. Their fundamental purpose is to document institutional transactions or practices, and these datasets are maintained by many types of organizations, from government agencies to independent businesses of all sizes. This chapter looks at the advantages, challenges, and limitations of using such data and presents examples of specific administrative datasets with utility for researchers interested in examining employer practices. It concludes by discussing the value of integrating detailed administrative data with survey data.Less
This chapter considers the applications of administrative datasets for the purposes of researching employer practices. Administrative data are generally collected by an organization in the course of its regular operations. Their fundamental purpose is to document institutional transactions or practices, and these datasets are maintained by many types of organizations, from government agencies to independent businesses of all sizes. This chapter looks at the advantages, challenges, and limitations of using such data and presents examples of specific administrative datasets with utility for researchers interested in examining employer practices. It concludes by discussing the value of integrating detailed administrative data with survey data.
Thomas F. Crossley and Joachim K. Winter
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226126654
- eISBN:
- 9780226194714
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226194714.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
There is mounting evidence of problems with the household budget surveys conducted by national statistical agencies in many countries. When designing household surveys, including surveys that measure ...
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There is mounting evidence of problems with the household budget surveys conducted by national statistical agencies in many countries. When designing household surveys, including surveys that measure consumption expenditure, numerous choices need to be made. Which survey mode should be used? Do recall questions or diaries provide more reliable expenditure data? How should the concept of a household be defined? How should the length of the recall period, the level of aggregation of expenditure items, and the response format be chosen? How are responses affected by incentives? Can computer-assisted surveys be used to reduce or correct response error in real time? In this chapter, we provide a selective review of the literature on these questions. We also suggest some promising directions for future research.Less
There is mounting evidence of problems with the household budget surveys conducted by national statistical agencies in many countries. When designing household surveys, including surveys that measure consumption expenditure, numerous choices need to be made. Which survey mode should be used? Do recall questions or diaries provide more reliable expenditure data? How should the concept of a household be defined? How should the length of the recall period, the level of aggregation of expenditure items, and the response format be chosen? How are responses affected by incentives? Can computer-assisted surveys be used to reduce or correct response error in real time? In this chapter, we provide a selective review of the literature on these questions. We also suggest some promising directions for future research.
Lisa H. Nishii and Susanne M. Bruyère
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501700583
- eISBN:
- 9781501703454
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501700583.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, HRM / IR
This chapter reviews the purpose of case-study research as a complement to the cross-organization studies described in the previous chapters, with in-depth data collected from employees within ...
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This chapter reviews the purpose of case-study research as a complement to the cross-organization studies described in the previous chapters, with in-depth data collected from employees within organizations. Within-organization research can examine internal factors that are not usually captured in administrative, national, or cross-organization datasets, and can study the interactions between individual experience and organizational context in great detail. Furthermore, the case-study approach can be combined with the results of survey responses from employees from varying levels of the organizations. The chapter also considers the value of combining the results of organizational survey efforts with findings from the interviews of key personnel such as senior managers and supervisors, and focus groups of employees with and without disabilities, and managers who perhaps have or have not had an opportunity to supervise an individual with a disability.Less
This chapter reviews the purpose of case-study research as a complement to the cross-organization studies described in the previous chapters, with in-depth data collected from employees within organizations. Within-organization research can examine internal factors that are not usually captured in administrative, national, or cross-organization datasets, and can study the interactions between individual experience and organizational context in great detail. Furthermore, the case-study approach can be combined with the results of survey responses from employees from varying levels of the organizations. The chapter also considers the value of combining the results of organizational survey efforts with findings from the interviews of key personnel such as senior managers and supervisors, and focus groups of employees with and without disabilities, and managers who perhaps have or have not had an opportunity to supervise an individual with a disability.
Himanshu, Peter Lanjouw, and Nicholas Stern
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198806509
- eISBN:
- 9780191844102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198806509.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter introduces the idea of the village study as a lens through which to examine and learn about economic development. The particular advantages of longitudinal village studies—tracking the ...
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This chapter introduces the idea of the village study as a lens through which to examine and learn about economic development. The particular advantages of longitudinal village studies—tracking the village and its inhabitants over time—are described. The specific features of the Palanpur study, which make it unique and particularly valuable amongst longitudinal village studies in India, are highlighted. Amongst these are the long—seven-decade—duration of the study, the universal coverage of the village population, the wealth and quality of the quantitative data that has been collected, as well as the complementary availability of detailed qualitative information. The chapter reviews lessons for the general practice of household survey data collection and survey methods from the specific experience of the Palanpur study, highlighting the value of credibility and building a relationship of trust between field investigators and survey respondents.Less
This chapter introduces the idea of the village study as a lens through which to examine and learn about economic development. The particular advantages of longitudinal village studies—tracking the village and its inhabitants over time—are described. The specific features of the Palanpur study, which make it unique and particularly valuable amongst longitudinal village studies in India, are highlighted. Amongst these are the long—seven-decade—duration of the study, the universal coverage of the village population, the wealth and quality of the quantitative data that has been collected, as well as the complementary availability of detailed qualitative information. The chapter reviews lessons for the general practice of household survey data collection and survey methods from the specific experience of the Palanpur study, highlighting the value of credibility and building a relationship of trust between field investigators and survey respondents.
Claus Thustrup Kreiner, David Dreyer Lassen, and Søren Leth-Petersen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226126654
- eISBN:
- 9780226194714
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226194714.003.0011
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
We show how Danish administrative register data can be combined with survey data at the individual level and used to validate information collected in the survey. Two examples illustrate the ...
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We show how Danish administrative register data can be combined with survey data at the individual level and used to validate information collected in the survey. Two examples illustrate the potential of combining survey and register data. First, expenditure survey records with information about total expenditure are merged with income tax records with information about income and wealth, which is used to impute total expenditure, then compared to the survey measure. Results suggest the two measures match each other well on average. Second, we compare responses to a one‐shot recall question about total gross personal income collected in another survey with tax records. Tax records hold detailed information about different types of income, which makes it possible to test whether response errors are related to the reporting of particular types of income. Results show bias in the mean, that the survey error has substantial variance, and that the errors are correlated with conventional covariates, suggesting they are not classical. The latter example illustrates how Denmark can be used as a “laboratory” for future validation studies. Tax records with detailed information about different types of income are available for the entire Danish population and can be readily merged to survey data.Less
We show how Danish administrative register data can be combined with survey data at the individual level and used to validate information collected in the survey. Two examples illustrate the potential of combining survey and register data. First, expenditure survey records with information about total expenditure are merged with income tax records with information about income and wealth, which is used to impute total expenditure, then compared to the survey measure. Results suggest the two measures match each other well on average. Second, we compare responses to a one‐shot recall question about total gross personal income collected in another survey with tax records. Tax records hold detailed information about different types of income, which makes it possible to test whether response errors are related to the reporting of particular types of income. Results show bias in the mean, that the survey error has substantial variance, and that the errors are correlated with conventional covariates, suggesting they are not classical. The latter example illustrates how Denmark can be used as a “laboratory” for future validation studies. Tax records with detailed information about different types of income are available for the entire Danish population and can be readily merged to survey data.
Grigore Pop-Eleches and Joshua A. Tucker
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691175591
- eISBN:
- 9781400887828
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691175591.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter looks at the questions of data and methodology. It is divided into three parts. The first part introduces in much greater detail the intuition behind the study's methodological approach. ...
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This chapter looks at the questions of data and methodology. It is divided into three parts. The first part introduces in much greater detail the intuition behind the study's methodological approach. The second part provides information regarding the modeling choices made in the analyses, the justification for doing so, and a discussion of some of the consequences of the choices for how one ought to interpret the findings. The third part describes both the survey data sets analyzed and the aggregate-level data collected to augment these surveys. Ultimately, the chapter can function almost as a stand-alone reference section that is easily accessibly at any time during the reading of the book.Less
This chapter looks at the questions of data and methodology. It is divided into three parts. The first part introduces in much greater detail the intuition behind the study's methodological approach. The second part provides information regarding the modeling choices made in the analyses, the justification for doing so, and a discussion of some of the consequences of the choices for how one ought to interpret the findings. The third part describes both the survey data sets analyzed and the aggregate-level data collected to augment these surveys. Ultimately, the chapter can function almost as a stand-alone reference section that is easily accessibly at any time during the reading of the book.
Murrey Stewart Leith and Daniel P. J. Soule
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748637362
- eISBN:
- 9780748652914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748637362.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter evaluates survey data to outline how individuals, when aggregated, conceive of their national identity, and what criteria of national membership they impose to determine who can, and ...
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This chapter evaluates survey data to outline how individuals, when aggregated, conceive of their national identity, and what criteria of national membership they impose to determine who can, and cannot, be a member of the Scottish nation. It looks at the dynamics of national identity in relation to the constitutional, political, and wider cultural inflections, as deducible from the mass survey data. The analysis begins with a reflection on the strength of feeling as regards a Scottish versus a British sense of identity, shifting then to a consideration of certain key questions relating to the nature of national identity within Scotland. It also considers the interaction between strength of national identification and how individuals construe national belonging and Scottish identity. The chapter furthermore describes the theoretical divide that challenges any study into nationalism and national identity both within Scotland and upon the wider stage.Less
This chapter evaluates survey data to outline how individuals, when aggregated, conceive of their national identity, and what criteria of national membership they impose to determine who can, and cannot, be a member of the Scottish nation. It looks at the dynamics of national identity in relation to the constitutional, political, and wider cultural inflections, as deducible from the mass survey data. The analysis begins with a reflection on the strength of feeling as regards a Scottish versus a British sense of identity, shifting then to a consideration of certain key questions relating to the nature of national identity within Scotland. It also considers the interaction between strength of national identification and how individuals construe national belonging and Scottish identity. The chapter furthermore describes the theoretical divide that challenges any study into nationalism and national identity both within Scotland and upon the wider stage.
