Meriel Jones
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199570089
- eISBN:
- 9780191738760
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570089.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Despite the growth of research on masculinity both in Gender Studies and in Classical Studies, and the resurgence of interest in ancient fiction, no volume has yet been devoted to exploring the ...
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Despite the growth of research on masculinity both in Gender Studies and in Classical Studies, and the resurgence of interest in ancient fiction, no volume has yet been devoted to exploring the representation of masculinity in the Greek novels. This book examines three key discourses of ancient Greek masculinity (paideia, andreia, and sexual ideology) evidenced in the five so-called ‘ideal’ Greek novels (those of Chariton, Xenophon of Ephesus, Achilles Tatius, Longus, and Heliodorus). Jones argues that while some of the narratives may be set in the classical past, the masculine concerns they display are inescapably symptomatic of the imperial present, and that their male protagonists should therefore be viewed as reflecting some of the ‘gender troubles’ of the real worlds of their authors. Using modern theories of the ‘performance’ of gender as tools for analysis, the study finds that many of the novels’ men betray an awareness that their masculine identities depend very much on the maintenance of their image before others – they are conscious of ‘playing the man’. The book also puts forward the hypothesis that, while most of the authors uphold accepted scripts of masculinity, Achilles Tatius constructs Cleitophon as a ‘misperformer’ of masculinity, as a means of challenging and subverting traditional codes of gender.Less
Despite the growth of research on masculinity both in Gender Studies and in Classical Studies, and the resurgence of interest in ancient fiction, no volume has yet been devoted to exploring the representation of masculinity in the Greek novels. This book examines three key discourses of ancient Greek masculinity (paideia, andreia, and sexual ideology) evidenced in the five so-called ‘ideal’ Greek novels (those of Chariton, Xenophon of Ephesus, Achilles Tatius, Longus, and Heliodorus). Jones argues that while some of the narratives may be set in the classical past, the masculine concerns they display are inescapably symptomatic of the imperial present, and that their male protagonists should therefore be viewed as reflecting some of the ‘gender troubles’ of the real worlds of their authors. Using modern theories of the ‘performance’ of gender as tools for analysis, the study finds that many of the novels’ men betray an awareness that their masculine identities depend very much on the maintenance of their image before others – they are conscious of ‘playing the man’. The book also puts forward the hypothesis that, while most of the authors uphold accepted scripts of masculinity, Achilles Tatius constructs Cleitophon as a ‘misperformer’ of masculinity, as a means of challenging and subverting traditional codes of gender.
Andrew MacDonald
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265314
- eISBN:
- 9780191760402
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265314.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This chapter is about the fate of a registration system designed for the exclusion of ‘undesirable’ Indian migrants to South Africa in the first decades of the twentieth century. It traces the ...
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This chapter is about the fate of a registration system designed for the exclusion of ‘undesirable’ Indian migrants to South Africa in the first decades of the twentieth century. It traces the bureaucracy's deployment of residence permits, but shows how these were transacted along the networks established by long-established Indian Ocean merchant houses. This illicit economy provoked important reforms in record-keeping. Yet South Africa's immigration offices remained in disarray for another 15–20 years. The gaps were filled by shrewd criminal touting syndicates within the bureaucracy. More stringent record-keeping was finally in place by the mid-1920s due to help from migrant associations, although this hardly meant that insider subversion had been completely smothered. The chapter argues that South African border controls were not successfully coercive, and suggests that performative histories are important in the study of repressive registration regimes.Less
This chapter is about the fate of a registration system designed for the exclusion of ‘undesirable’ Indian migrants to South Africa in the first decades of the twentieth century. It traces the bureaucracy's deployment of residence permits, but shows how these were transacted along the networks established by long-established Indian Ocean merchant houses. This illicit economy provoked important reforms in record-keeping. Yet South Africa's immigration offices remained in disarray for another 15–20 years. The gaps were filled by shrewd criminal touting syndicates within the bureaucracy. More stringent record-keeping was finally in place by the mid-1920s due to help from migrant associations, although this hardly meant that insider subversion had been completely smothered. The chapter argues that South African border controls were not successfully coercive, and suggests that performative histories are important in the study of repressive registration regimes.
Frank Graziano
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195136401
- eISBN:
- 9780199835164
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195136403.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This study of the politics of canonization begins with discussion of the changing policies toward beata mysticism that affected Rose of Lima’s cause for canonization. The chapter further explores how ...
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This study of the politics of canonization begins with discussion of the changing policies toward beata mysticism that affected Rose of Lima’s cause for canonization. The chapter further explores how intimate relation with Christ through mysticism created an alternative, extra-institutional channel to deity that was implicitly subversive to Catholic hierarchy and bureaucracy. The concluding sections treat Rose of Lima’s tacit and sometimes excessive obedience as a strategy to subvert authority and her identity as a mujer varonil or Virgin warrior that was later adapted for diverse military purposes.Less
This study of the politics of canonization begins with discussion of the changing policies toward beata mysticism that affected Rose of Lima’s cause for canonization. The chapter further explores how intimate relation with Christ through mysticism created an alternative, extra-institutional channel to deity that was implicitly subversive to Catholic hierarchy and bureaucracy. The concluding sections treat Rose of Lima’s tacit and sometimes excessive obedience as a strategy to subvert authority and her identity as a mujer varonil or Virgin warrior that was later adapted for diverse military purposes.
Derek Hirst and Steven N. Zwicker
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199655373
- eISBN:
- 9780191742118
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199655373.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature, Poetry
This book studies the poetry and polemics of one of the greatest of early modern writers, a poet of immense lyric talent and political importance. The book situates these writings and this writer ...
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This book studies the poetry and polemics of one of the greatest of early modern writers, a poet of immense lyric talent and political importance. The book situates these writings and this writer within the patronage networks and political upheavals of mid-seventeenth-century England. It tracks his negotiations among personalities and events; it explores his idealizations, attachments, and subversions; and it speculates on the meaning of the narratives that he told of himself within his writings — what we call Andrew Marvell’s ‘imagined life’. The book draws the figure of this imagined life from the repeated traces that Marvell left of lyric yearning and satiric anger, and it suggests how these were rooted both in the body and in the imagination. The book sheds new light on some of Marvell’s most familiar poems — Upon Appleton House, The Garden, To His Coy Mistress, and An Horatian Ode; but at its centre is an extended reading of Marvell’s The unfortunate Lover, his least familiar and surely his most mysterious lyric, and his most sustained narrative of the self. By attending to the lyric, the polemical, and the parliamentary careers together, this book offers a reading of Marvell and his writings as an interpretable whole.Less
This book studies the poetry and polemics of one of the greatest of early modern writers, a poet of immense lyric talent and political importance. The book situates these writings and this writer within the patronage networks and political upheavals of mid-seventeenth-century England. It tracks his negotiations among personalities and events; it explores his idealizations, attachments, and subversions; and it speculates on the meaning of the narratives that he told of himself within his writings — what we call Andrew Marvell’s ‘imagined life’. The book draws the figure of this imagined life from the repeated traces that Marvell left of lyric yearning and satiric anger, and it suggests how these were rooted both in the body and in the imagination. The book sheds new light on some of Marvell’s most familiar poems — Upon Appleton House, The Garden, To His Coy Mistress, and An Horatian Ode; but at its centre is an extended reading of Marvell’s The unfortunate Lover, his least familiar and surely his most mysterious lyric, and his most sustained narrative of the self. By attending to the lyric, the polemical, and the parliamentary careers together, this book offers a reading of Marvell and his writings as an interpretable whole.
Randall Fuller
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195313925
- eISBN:
- 9780199787753
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195313925.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines the construction of Emerson by Sacvan Bercovitch and the New Americanists. Focusing on the so-called subversion-containment model of the New Historicism, it reveals how ...
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This chapter examines the construction of Emerson by Sacvan Bercovitch and the New Americanists. Focusing on the so-called subversion-containment model of the New Historicism, it reveals how Bercovitch's application of this model to Emerson grew out of his own unusual circumstances as a Canadian Jew who own gradually migrated to American Studies.Less
This chapter examines the construction of Emerson by Sacvan Bercovitch and the New Americanists. Focusing on the so-called subversion-containment model of the New Historicism, it reveals how Bercovitch's application of this model to Emerson grew out of his own unusual circumstances as a Canadian Jew who own gradually migrated to American Studies.
CHRISTOPHER DUGGAN
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198206118
- eISBN:
- 9780191717178
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206118.003.0019
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Francesco Crispi's wife Lina Barbagallo was devastated at his return to power. Crispi felt he had no choice because Italy was on the brink of catastrophe. His first task as prime minister was to deal ...
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Francesco Crispi's wife Lina Barbagallo was devastated at his return to power. Crispi felt he had no choice because Italy was on the brink of catastrophe. His first task as prime minister was to deal with Sicily, where chaos in the west of the island had begun to spiral out of control. Reports of French gold and weapons being smuggled into Sicily, of links between the Fasci and French anarchists, of clandestine meetings in Marseilles, of a plot to detach the island from Italy, and of night-time signals from a French vessel, began to surface and circulate. Crispi eagerly seized on them and would soon declare a state of siege on Sicily. This chapter looks at how Crispi dealt with the country's financial crisis, terrorism, and subversion.Less
Francesco Crispi's wife Lina Barbagallo was devastated at his return to power. Crispi felt he had no choice because Italy was on the brink of catastrophe. His first task as prime minister was to deal with Sicily, where chaos in the west of the island had begun to spiral out of control. Reports of French gold and weapons being smuggled into Sicily, of links between the Fasci and French anarchists, of clandestine meetings in Marseilles, of a plot to detach the island from Italy, and of night-time signals from a French vessel, began to surface and circulate. Crispi eagerly seized on them and would soon declare a state of siege on Sicily. This chapter looks at how Crispi dealt with the country's financial crisis, terrorism, and subversion.
Lucy Valerie Graham
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199796373
- eISBN:
- 9780199933327
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199796373.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature, Women's Literature
Chapter Four focuses on ways in which black writers in the apartheid years rescripted previously white-authored narratives about rape. Arthur Maimane’s Victims is pivotal here as he mimics and ...
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Chapter Four focuses on ways in which black writers in the apartheid years rescripted previously white-authored narratives about rape. Arthur Maimane’s Victims is pivotal here as he mimics and destabilises the idea that “natives have a rape-utation”. The chapter argues that the novel engages with the fear at the heart of classic “black peril” phenomena, the anxiety over white women’s bodies and particularly black authorship about white women’s bodies. The chapter then considers the way in which black authors, such as Lauretta Ngcobo and Farida Karodia, have rewritten “white peril” narratives, previously the domain of white women writers such as Schreiner, Bancroft and Millin. The chapter concludes with examination of intraracial rape in short stories of the late apartheid era, including Njabulo Ndebele’s Fools, Ngcina Mhlope’s “Nokulunga’s Wedding” and Baleka Kgositsile’s “In the Night”.Less
Chapter Four focuses on ways in which black writers in the apartheid years rescripted previously white-authored narratives about rape. Arthur Maimane’s Victims is pivotal here as he mimics and destabilises the idea that “natives have a rape-utation”. The chapter argues that the novel engages with the fear at the heart of classic “black peril” phenomena, the anxiety over white women’s bodies and particularly black authorship about white women’s bodies. The chapter then considers the way in which black authors, such as Lauretta Ngcobo and Farida Karodia, have rewritten “white peril” narratives, previously the domain of white women writers such as Schreiner, Bancroft and Millin. The chapter concludes with examination of intraracial rape in short stories of the late apartheid era, including Njabulo Ndebele’s Fools, Ngcina Mhlope’s “Nokulunga’s Wedding” and Baleka Kgositsile’s “In the Night”.
Derek Hirst and Steven N. Zwicker
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199655373
- eISBN:
- 9780191742118
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199655373.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature, Poetry
This chapter uses the early modern construct of patriarchy as a way to understand Marvell's idealizing but often troubled address to the dominant male figures of his life: Thomas Lord Fairfax, Oliver ...
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This chapter uses the early modern construct of patriarchy as a way to understand Marvell's idealizing but often troubled address to the dominant male figures of his life: Thomas Lord Fairfax, Oliver Cromwell, the Duke of Buckingham; and it speculates about his yearnings for shelter and attachment.Less
This chapter uses the early modern construct of patriarchy as a way to understand Marvell's idealizing but often troubled address to the dominant male figures of his life: Thomas Lord Fairfax, Oliver Cromwell, the Duke of Buckingham; and it speculates about his yearnings for shelter and attachment.
Tessa Rajak
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199558674
- eISBN:
- 9780191720895
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558674.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter shows how continual re-interpretation, adaptation of, and addition to the biblical text allowed it to be a repertoire for all seasons. Late biblical texts in Greek guise, especially the ...
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This chapter shows how continual re-interpretation, adaptation of, and addition to the biblical text allowed it to be a repertoire for all seasons. Late biblical texts in Greek guise, especially the book of Daniel, and newer parabiblical texts, like the story of Bel and the great snake (also a Daniel story), or the Epistle of Jeremiah or the Wisdom of Solomon, expressed a response to external political authority. They could be markedly subversive. Twists and subtle modifications intensified themes that were already prominent in places in the Hebrew Bible. Only occasionally can a Hebrew original different from the Masoretic (standard) text be suspected as lying behind the changes. The denunciation of ‘idol’ and ‘idol worship’ had new force and point when linked with the vanity of rulers in a period in which manifestations of the imperial cult impinged on everyone. Representations of tyrannical rage united motifs taken from Greek political philosophy with those of oriental wisdom literature. They stood in sharp contrast to the justified wrath of the God of Israel.Less
This chapter shows how continual re-interpretation, adaptation of, and addition to the biblical text allowed it to be a repertoire for all seasons. Late biblical texts in Greek guise, especially the book of Daniel, and newer parabiblical texts, like the story of Bel and the great snake (also a Daniel story), or the Epistle of Jeremiah or the Wisdom of Solomon, expressed a response to external political authority. They could be markedly subversive. Twists and subtle modifications intensified themes that were already prominent in places in the Hebrew Bible. Only occasionally can a Hebrew original different from the Masoretic (standard) text be suspected as lying behind the changes. The denunciation of ‘idol’ and ‘idol worship’ had new force and point when linked with the vanity of rulers in a period in which manifestations of the imperial cult impinged on everyone. Representations of tyrannical rage united motifs taken from Greek political philosophy with those of oriental wisdom literature. They stood in sharp contrast to the justified wrath of the God of Israel.
Agnès Maillot
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719084898
- eISBN:
- 9781526103918
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719084898.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
From 1926 onward, Sinn Féin, which had been instrumental in the revolutionary period of 1919-23, faded into oblivion as a result of its intransigent and doctrinaire stance. This books unravels a ...
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From 1926 onward, Sinn Féin, which had been instrumental in the revolutionary period of 1919-23, faded into oblivion as a result of its intransigent and doctrinaire stance. This books unravels a chapter of history that has not been dealt with in detail until now, although the operation of the party raises fundamental questions on issues such as democracy and the role of history in the construction of a national narrative. Through a close analysis of newspaper reports, of the fortnightly Standing committee minutes, and through various interviews carried out by the author, it looks at the manner in which Sinn Féin operated and put itself forward as the guardian of republicanism in Ireland. Sinn Féin's strategic journey was a lonesome one, but the party showed sufficient resilience to survive in a context that was made hostile to its very existence by the very nature of the policies and strategies it put forward. The type of political nationalism that it advocated offers a valuable insight into the meaning of Republicanism. Its narrative represents an integral part of the political and social fabric of contemporary Irish society.Less
From 1926 onward, Sinn Féin, which had been instrumental in the revolutionary period of 1919-23, faded into oblivion as a result of its intransigent and doctrinaire stance. This books unravels a chapter of history that has not been dealt with in detail until now, although the operation of the party raises fundamental questions on issues such as democracy and the role of history in the construction of a national narrative. Through a close analysis of newspaper reports, of the fortnightly Standing committee minutes, and through various interviews carried out by the author, it looks at the manner in which Sinn Féin operated and put itself forward as the guardian of republicanism in Ireland. Sinn Féin's strategic journey was a lonesome one, but the party showed sufficient resilience to survive in a context that was made hostile to its very existence by the very nature of the policies and strategies it put forward. The type of political nationalism that it advocated offers a valuable insight into the meaning of Republicanism. Its narrative represents an integral part of the political and social fabric of contemporary Irish society.
C.S. Adcock
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198078012
- eISBN:
- 9780199080984
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198078012.003.0044
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
The Arya Samaj has long been distinguished among nineteenth century reform organizations as forerunner of Hindu nationalist politics and exemplar of Hindu religious intolerance. Arya Samaj practices ...
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The Arya Samaj has long been distinguished among nineteenth century reform organizations as forerunner of Hindu nationalist politics and exemplar of Hindu religious intolerance. Arya Samaj practices that can be classed as proselytizing lie at the heart of this scholarly assessment: practices of religious controversy between contending Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and Christian organizations; and the shuddhi ritual of conversion or purification. This chapter argues that understandings of the so-called proselytizing activities of the Arya Samaj have been circumscribed by the framing narrative of Hindu Tolerance. One consequence is a near exclusive focus on the motives or intentions of Hindu elite ‘proselytizers’ in the Arya Samaj. When shuddhi is viewed from the perspective of those who pursued conversion, its subversive potential becomes visible. The chapter treats the case of the Arya Samaj controversialist and former Muslim, Dharm Pal, who pursued shuddhi as a step towards radical caste reform.Less
The Arya Samaj has long been distinguished among nineteenth century reform organizations as forerunner of Hindu nationalist politics and exemplar of Hindu religious intolerance. Arya Samaj practices that can be classed as proselytizing lie at the heart of this scholarly assessment: practices of religious controversy between contending Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and Christian organizations; and the shuddhi ritual of conversion or purification. This chapter argues that understandings of the so-called proselytizing activities of the Arya Samaj have been circumscribed by the framing narrative of Hindu Tolerance. One consequence is a near exclusive focus on the motives or intentions of Hindu elite ‘proselytizers’ in the Arya Samaj. When shuddhi is viewed from the perspective of those who pursued conversion, its subversive potential becomes visible. The chapter treats the case of the Arya Samaj controversialist and former Muslim, Dharm Pal, who pursued shuddhi as a step towards radical caste reform.
Sacha Stern
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199589449
- eISBN:
- 9780191746178
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589449.003.0007
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Asian and Middle Eastern History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter examines how lunar calendars that survived unofficially within the Roman Empire could be used to express subtle political dissidence. These include the Gallic calendar of Coligny, luna ...
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This chapter examines how lunar calendars that survived unofficially within the Roman Empire could be used to express subtle political dissidence. These include the Gallic calendar of Coligny, luna dates in Italian inscriptions and parapegmata, emerging lunar calendar schemes in third–fourth-centuries Rome (e.g., in Christian Easter cycles and in the codex of Philocalus), and a variety of Jewish calendars in Palestine and the Diaspora. These calendars and dating schemes increasingly adopted elements of the dominant Julian calendar, whilst asserting their dissident identity by remaining lunar. They were reflections, in their hybridity, of complex political situations and processes involving subversion, dissidence, and common sub-cultures, which are best interpreted in the light of post-colonial theory.Less
This chapter examines how lunar calendars that survived unofficially within the Roman Empire could be used to express subtle political dissidence. These include the Gallic calendar of Coligny, luna dates in Italian inscriptions and parapegmata, emerging lunar calendar schemes in third–fourth-centuries Rome (e.g., in Christian Easter cycles and in the codex of Philocalus), and a variety of Jewish calendars in Palestine and the Diaspora. These calendars and dating schemes increasingly adopted elements of the dominant Julian calendar, whilst asserting their dissident identity by remaining lunar. They were reflections, in their hybridity, of complex political situations and processes involving subversion, dissidence, and common sub-cultures, which are best interpreted in the light of post-colonial theory.
Werner Sollors
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195052824
- eISBN:
- 9780199855155
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195052824.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, African-American Literature
Lydia Maria Child's “Joanna,” featured in 1834 in the Boston anti-slavery collection The Oasis, was an early proof of abolitionist storytelling, and it has been regarded as the female-written origin ...
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Lydia Maria Child's “Joanna,” featured in 1834 in the Boston anti-slavery collection The Oasis, was an early proof of abolitionist storytelling, and it has been regarded as the female-written origin of miscegenation literature in the United States. The story may have discussed the issues that were to remain in the foreground of aesthetic representation for a long time, yet it was hardly an original story, and its references had little to do with women's antislavery literature of the United States, as it was lifted from the account of a British mercenary's expedition to the colony that the Dutch had received in return for letting New Amsterdam become New York. For the objectives of thematic investigation, this relation asks the question of “versions” and “subversions” of precursor texts.Less
Lydia Maria Child's “Joanna,” featured in 1834 in the Boston anti-slavery collection The Oasis, was an early proof of abolitionist storytelling, and it has been regarded as the female-written origin of miscegenation literature in the United States. The story may have discussed the issues that were to remain in the foreground of aesthetic representation for a long time, yet it was hardly an original story, and its references had little to do with women's antislavery literature of the United States, as it was lifted from the account of a British mercenary's expedition to the colony that the Dutch had received in return for letting New Amsterdam become New York. For the objectives of thematic investigation, this relation asks the question of “versions” and “subversions” of precursor texts.
Meriel Jones
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199570089
- eISBN:
- 9780191738760
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570089.003.0004
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This concluding chapter summarizes some of the major issues highlighted by the book as a whole, such as the extent to which Dionysius stands as an embodiment of masculine ideals in Chariton’s novel, ...
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This concluding chapter summarizes some of the major issues highlighted by the book as a whole, such as the extent to which Dionysius stands as an embodiment of masculine ideals in Chariton’s novel, and the way in which Achilles Tatius uses Cleitophon as the very opposite of such ideals. It is concluded that Cleitophon’s misperformances of gender are the author’s means of subverting traditional ideologies of masculinity, but that there is no way to determine whether Cleitophon himself is conscious of those misperformances. The chapter argues that the novels’ masculinities are presented as epideictic – as things to be performed, whether well or badly. The novels’ authors draw on and reflect on both earlier and contemporary gender ideologies, and while the men examined are not ‘real’, they are nonetheless evidence of very real masculine concerns.Less
This concluding chapter summarizes some of the major issues highlighted by the book as a whole, such as the extent to which Dionysius stands as an embodiment of masculine ideals in Chariton’s novel, and the way in which Achilles Tatius uses Cleitophon as the very opposite of such ideals. It is concluded that Cleitophon’s misperformances of gender are the author’s means of subverting traditional ideologies of masculinity, but that there is no way to determine whether Cleitophon himself is conscious of those misperformances. The chapter argues that the novels’ masculinities are presented as epideictic – as things to be performed, whether well or badly. The novels’ authors draw on and reflect on both earlier and contemporary gender ideologies, and while the men examined are not ‘real’, they are nonetheless evidence of very real masculine concerns.
Andrew Martin
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198157984
- eISBN:
- 9780191673252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198157984.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter discusses political rebellion in the Mediterranean through Verne's Mathias Sandorf. It argues that the logic of empire contains the seeds of subversion, which, with the advance of time, ...
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This chapter discusses political rebellion in the Mediterranean through Verne's Mathias Sandorf. It argues that the logic of empire contains the seeds of subversion, which, with the advance of time, would bear fruit. According to Verne, there are two Mediterraneans, the Old and the New. Just as there are two Mediterraneans, so in Mathias Sandorf there are two Sandorfs. Political rebellion is mirrored psychologically in the recurrent theme of self-control. This chapter also examines the character of Nemo in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Nemo puts himself radically outside society and beyond the law by shoving off from the land. The sea is initially represented by Nemo not just as the antithesis of dry land, but as an alternative to the tyranny that pervades the earth, an empire free-zone.Less
This chapter discusses political rebellion in the Mediterranean through Verne's Mathias Sandorf. It argues that the logic of empire contains the seeds of subversion, which, with the advance of time, would bear fruit. According to Verne, there are two Mediterraneans, the Old and the New. Just as there are two Mediterraneans, so in Mathias Sandorf there are two Sandorfs. Political rebellion is mirrored psychologically in the recurrent theme of self-control. This chapter also examines the character of Nemo in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Nemo puts himself radically outside society and beyond the law by shoving off from the land. The sea is initially represented by Nemo not just as the antithesis of dry land, but as an alternative to the tyranny that pervades the earth, an empire free-zone.
Marc Mulholland
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199653577
- eISBN:
- 9780191744594
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199653577.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, History of Ideas
Post-war Western Europe converged towards an American model of high-wage consumerist capitalism, considerably attenuating class conflict. In Western Europe, Christian democracy and Social Democracy ...
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Post-war Western Europe converged towards an American model of high-wage consumerist capitalism, considerably attenuating class conflict. In Western Europe, Christian democracy and Social Democracy cooperated in constructing a democratic constitutional order. In the Soviet buffer-zone states of eastern Europe, bourgeois civil society was eliminated slice by slice: by a sequence known as ‘salami tactics’. This was partly in reaction to the perceived Western aggression of the ‘Marshall Plan’. Western Cold Warriors – drawing the lesson that Popular Frontism was only a means to the end of totalitarian communisiation – characterised Communist ‘subversion’ as an endemic corruption of leftist movements. This was considered to be a particular problem in the under-developed ‘Third World’. Fearing both subversion and outright war, a gigantic ‘Military-Industrial Complex’ grew up in the United States, placing pressure upon that country's traditions of democratic and free-market civil society.Less
Post-war Western Europe converged towards an American model of high-wage consumerist capitalism, considerably attenuating class conflict. In Western Europe, Christian democracy and Social Democracy cooperated in constructing a democratic constitutional order. In the Soviet buffer-zone states of eastern Europe, bourgeois civil society was eliminated slice by slice: by a sequence known as ‘salami tactics’. This was partly in reaction to the perceived Western aggression of the ‘Marshall Plan’. Western Cold Warriors – drawing the lesson that Popular Frontism was only a means to the end of totalitarian communisiation – characterised Communist ‘subversion’ as an endemic corruption of leftist movements. This was considered to be a particular problem in the under-developed ‘Third World’. Fearing both subversion and outright war, a gigantic ‘Military-Industrial Complex’ grew up in the United States, placing pressure upon that country's traditions of democratic and free-market civil society.
Marc Mulholland
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199653577
- eISBN:
- 9780191744594
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199653577.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, History of Ideas
The problematic of the book is presented: whether wherever the proletariat appeared as an independent force, the bourgeoisie shifted to the camp of the counter-revolution; whether the bolder the ...
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The problematic of the book is presented: whether wherever the proletariat appeared as an independent force, the bourgeoisie shifted to the camp of the counter-revolution; whether the bolder the struggle of the masses, the quicker the reactionary transformation of liberalism. A ‘left-wing’ version and a ‘right-wing’ version are summarised. An original social definition of the ‘bourgeoisie’ is suggested, and the ‘proletariat’ defined. The terms ‘bourgeois civil society’ and ‘proletarian democracy’ are defined. An overview of the book's contents is outlined.Less
The problematic of the book is presented: whether wherever the proletariat appeared as an independent force, the bourgeoisie shifted to the camp of the counter-revolution; whether the bolder the struggle of the masses, the quicker the reactionary transformation of liberalism. A ‘left-wing’ version and a ‘right-wing’ version are summarised. An original social definition of the ‘bourgeoisie’ is suggested, and the ‘proletariat’ defined. The terms ‘bourgeois civil society’ and ‘proletarian democracy’ are defined. An overview of the book's contents is outlined.
Alex Goodall
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038037
- eISBN:
- 9780252095313
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038037.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book offers the first comprehensive account of the politics of countersubversion in the United States prior to the McCarthy era. The book traces the course of American countersubversion over the ...
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This book offers the first comprehensive account of the politics of countersubversion in the United States prior to the McCarthy era. The book traces the course of American countersubversion over the first half of the twentieth century, culminating in the rise of McCarthyism and the Cold War. This sweeping study explores how anti-subversive fervor was dampened in the 1920s in response to the excesses of World War I, transformed by the politics of antifascism in the Depression era, and rekindled in opposition to Roosevelt's ambitious New Deal policies in the later 1930s and 1940s. Varied interest groups such as business tycoons, Christian denominations, and Southern Democrats as well as the federal government pursued their own courses, which alternately converged and diverged, eventually consolidating into the form they would keep during the Cold War. Rigorous in its scholarship yet accessible to a wide audience, this book shows how the opposition to radicalism became a defining ideological question of American life.Less
This book offers the first comprehensive account of the politics of countersubversion in the United States prior to the McCarthy era. The book traces the course of American countersubversion over the first half of the twentieth century, culminating in the rise of McCarthyism and the Cold War. This sweeping study explores how anti-subversive fervor was dampened in the 1920s in response to the excesses of World War I, transformed by the politics of antifascism in the Depression era, and rekindled in opposition to Roosevelt's ambitious New Deal policies in the later 1930s and 1940s. Varied interest groups such as business tycoons, Christian denominations, and Southern Democrats as well as the federal government pursued their own courses, which alternately converged and diverged, eventually consolidating into the form they would keep during the Cold War. Rigorous in its scholarship yet accessible to a wide audience, this book shows how the opposition to radicalism became a defining ideological question of American life.
Geoffrey Cubitt
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198228684
- eISBN:
- 9780191678790
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198228684.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, History of Religion
This chapter discusses the anti-Jesuits' historical and ethical attacks surrounding the Jesuit organization. For the anti-Jesuits, the theories and teachings of the Jesuits were instruments of ...
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This chapter discusses the anti-Jesuits' historical and ethical attacks surrounding the Jesuit organization. For the anti-Jesuits, the theories and teachings of the Jesuits were instruments of corruption. The influence of the Jesuits themselves and of their affiliates, the confessional and the Jesuit schools were all deemed poisonous corruptions. The Jesuitical notions of Jesuit subversion was also seen as corruption in the most dangerous manner. This chapter focuses on the two dominant Jesuit contamination of the intellect which caught the attention of the anti-Jesuits during the 19th century. These two are the falsification of history primarily in schoolbooks and the propagation of a corrupt and corrupting body of moral discipline through the confessional.Less
This chapter discusses the anti-Jesuits' historical and ethical attacks surrounding the Jesuit organization. For the anti-Jesuits, the theories and teachings of the Jesuits were instruments of corruption. The influence of the Jesuits themselves and of their affiliates, the confessional and the Jesuit schools were all deemed poisonous corruptions. The Jesuitical notions of Jesuit subversion was also seen as corruption in the most dangerous manner. This chapter focuses on the two dominant Jesuit contamination of the intellect which caught the attention of the anti-Jesuits during the 19th century. These two are the falsification of history primarily in schoolbooks and the propagation of a corrupt and corrupting body of moral discipline through the confessional.
Mikhail Gasparov
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823264858
- eISBN:
- 9780823266852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823264858.003.0014
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter provides a translation of an article by Mikhail Gasparov from 1973. Gasparov distinguishes between plots typical of fable and of the novella; the former stress the status quo and teach a ...
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This chapter provides a translation of an article by Mikhail Gasparov from 1973. Gasparov distinguishes between plots typical of fable and of the novella; the former stress the status quo and teach a lesson to the individual who attempts to improve his or her situation; the latter foreground the agency of an individual. In contrast to the conservatism of the fabular plot, Gasparov speaks of the subversive qualities of the novella in a language likely intended as a covert commentary on the Soviet officialdom. Furthermore, he distinguishes between two varieties of the novelistic plot, one of which involves an unexpected move within the plot, and the other a major discursive shift, a “yoking together” of distinct experiential domains. Whereas the first plot type predominates in premodern narratives (cf. the picaresque novel with its enterprising hero), the second one is widespread in modern narratives (cf. Joyce’s Ulysses). What appears, at a very glance, to be an essay in structural analysis of narrative thus leads to an insight that pertains to the principal concern of Historical Poetics, the longue durée of literary forms.Less
This chapter provides a translation of an article by Mikhail Gasparov from 1973. Gasparov distinguishes between plots typical of fable and of the novella; the former stress the status quo and teach a lesson to the individual who attempts to improve his or her situation; the latter foreground the agency of an individual. In contrast to the conservatism of the fabular plot, Gasparov speaks of the subversive qualities of the novella in a language likely intended as a covert commentary on the Soviet officialdom. Furthermore, he distinguishes between two varieties of the novelistic plot, one of which involves an unexpected move within the plot, and the other a major discursive shift, a “yoking together” of distinct experiential domains. Whereas the first plot type predominates in premodern narratives (cf. the picaresque novel with its enterprising hero), the second one is widespread in modern narratives (cf. Joyce’s Ulysses). What appears, at a very glance, to be an essay in structural analysis of narrative thus leads to an insight that pertains to the principal concern of Historical Poetics, the longue durée of literary forms.
