Lily Geismer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157238
- eISBN:
- 9781400852420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157238.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter concentrates on a series of conflicts over affordable housing that took shape during the late 1960s and early 1970s that pitted traditionally liberal causes like civil rights and ...
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This chapter concentrates on a series of conflicts over affordable housing that took shape during the late 1960s and early 1970s that pitted traditionally liberal causes like civil rights and environmentalism against each other. At the outset of the 1970s, several observers identified “opening up the suburbs” as “the major domestic social and political battle of the decade ahead.” However, the Route 128 suburbs had stood on the front lines of what experts had deemed “The Battle over the Suburbs.” These controversies and their outcome ultimately show that liberalism did not stop at the proverbial driveway of local residents, and instead expose the continuities in and adaptations of the political culture of the Route 128 suburbs and liberalism more broadly in the 1970s.Less
This chapter concentrates on a series of conflicts over affordable housing that took shape during the late 1960s and early 1970s that pitted traditionally liberal causes like civil rights and environmentalism against each other. At the outset of the 1970s, several observers identified “opening up the suburbs” as “the major domestic social and political battle of the decade ahead.” However, the Route 128 suburbs had stood on the front lines of what experts had deemed “The Battle over the Suburbs.” These controversies and their outcome ultimately show that liberalism did not stop at the proverbial driveway of local residents, and instead expose the continuities in and adaptations of the political culture of the Route 128 suburbs and liberalism more broadly in the 1970s.
Robert Wuthnow
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691146119
- eISBN:
- 9781400836246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691146119.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter examines the growth of sprawling suburbs and exurbs around the Middle West's largest cities. Housing developments on the outskirts of Wichita, Omaha, St. Louis, and a few other cities ...
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This chapter examines the growth of sprawling suburbs and exurbs around the Middle West's largest cities. Housing developments on the outskirts of Wichita, Omaha, St. Louis, and a few other cities became increasingly common during World War II and in the 1950s as the farm population declined. As the farm population dwindled, people fleeing the region entirely or gravitating to Dallas and Houston (where new jobs were more abundant) became a more likely scenario. The chapter explains how this reshuffling led to the emptying of farms and small towns and also to the rise of new centers of population, not in the cities but adjacent to them. It also considers how edge cities have become an important feature of social life in the Middle West. It shows that edge cities were not only communities of housing developments and shopping malls, but also the location of the region's growing industrial sector.Less
This chapter examines the growth of sprawling suburbs and exurbs around the Middle West's largest cities. Housing developments on the outskirts of Wichita, Omaha, St. Louis, and a few other cities became increasingly common during World War II and in the 1950s as the farm population declined. As the farm population dwindled, people fleeing the region entirely or gravitating to Dallas and Houston (where new jobs were more abundant) became a more likely scenario. The chapter explains how this reshuffling led to the emptying of farms and small towns and also to the rise of new centers of population, not in the cities but adjacent to them. It also considers how edge cities have become an important feature of social life in the Middle West. It shows that edge cities were not only communities of housing developments and shopping malls, but also the location of the region's growing industrial sector.
H. VANHAVERBEKE, F. MARTENS, and M. WAELKENS
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264027
- eISBN:
- 9780191734908
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264027.003.0024
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
Survey evidence gathered in the city of Sagalassos (Pisidia, southwestern Turkey), its suburbs, and its countryside has led to new insights into developments in the region in Late Antiquity. Coupled ...
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Survey evidence gathered in the city of Sagalassos (Pisidia, southwestern Turkey), its suburbs, and its countryside has led to new insights into developments in the region in Late Antiquity. Coupled with the results from archaeological excavations, soundings and interdisciplinary research, a reconstruction can be made of what happened during the last centuries of the city's existence. Framing the observed changes in a larger chronological perspective, another view emerges on the fate of the city and its countryside in Late Antiquity. Terms such as ‘decline’, ‘fall’ and ‘transformation’ relate to cities and do not adequately describe contemporary evolution in the countryside. An urgent call for rural surveys is advocated to avoid the perpetuation of the intellectual trap created by this urban-centred approach.Less
Survey evidence gathered in the city of Sagalassos (Pisidia, southwestern Turkey), its suburbs, and its countryside has led to new insights into developments in the region in Late Antiquity. Coupled with the results from archaeological excavations, soundings and interdisciplinary research, a reconstruction can be made of what happened during the last centuries of the city's existence. Framing the observed changes in a larger chronological perspective, another view emerges on the fate of the city and its countryside in Late Antiquity. Terms such as ‘decline’, ‘fall’ and ‘transformation’ relate to cities and do not adequately describe contemporary evolution in the countryside. An urgent call for rural surveys is advocated to avoid the perpetuation of the intellectual trap created by this urban-centred approach.
PIERRE LERICHE and SHAKIR PIDAEV
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263846
- eISBN:
- 9780191734113
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263846.003.0009
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Asian and Middle Eastern History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter discusses the latest developments in the work concerning the first periods of the existence of the ancient city of Termez. It explains the history of Temez in antiquity and during the ...
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This chapter discusses the latest developments in the work concerning the first periods of the existence of the ancient city of Termez. It explains the history of Temez in antiquity and during the medieval period, based on written sources. The chapter describes the site of ancient Termez as consisting of four distinct elements: the citadel or kokendoz, the medieval lower town or shahristan, the fortified suburbs or rabats, and an area covered by archaeological remains.Less
This chapter discusses the latest developments in the work concerning the first periods of the existence of the ancient city of Termez. It explains the history of Temez in antiquity and during the medieval period, based on written sources. The chapter describes the site of ancient Termez as consisting of four distinct elements: the citadel or kokendoz, the medieval lower town or shahristan, the fortified suburbs or rabats, and an area covered by archaeological remains.
Enda Delaney
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199276677
- eISBN:
- 9780191707674
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276677.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter discusses where the Irish settled and how they coped with everyday life in Britain. The constant stream of arrivals since the mid-1930s nearly doubled London's Irish population in twenty ...
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This chapter discusses where the Irish settled and how they coped with everyday life in Britain. The constant stream of arrivals since the mid-1930s nearly doubled London's Irish population in twenty years. In 1951, with a total of 111,671 people in the administrative county of London, the Irish were the largest single group of people born in any foreign or Commonwealth country, in Scotland or Wales, or in any other county in England and Wales, with the obvious exception of London itself. Migrants also settled in cities that had no previous established tradition of large-scale Irish settlement such as Birmingham, Coventry, and Leicester, all expanding centres of population in post-war Britain. The growth of the suburbs; the increasing numbers of Irish workers who engaged in a nomadic existence; and use of the term ‘Black Irish’ to refer to West Indian migrants are discussed.Less
This chapter discusses where the Irish settled and how they coped with everyday life in Britain. The constant stream of arrivals since the mid-1930s nearly doubled London's Irish population in twenty years. In 1951, with a total of 111,671 people in the administrative county of London, the Irish were the largest single group of people born in any foreign or Commonwealth country, in Scotland or Wales, or in any other county in England and Wales, with the obvious exception of London itself. Migrants also settled in cities that had no previous established tradition of large-scale Irish settlement such as Birmingham, Coventry, and Leicester, all expanding centres of population in post-war Britain. The growth of the suburbs; the increasing numbers of Irish workers who engaged in a nomadic existence; and use of the term ‘Black Irish’ to refer to West Indian migrants are discussed.
Jeanne Halgren Kilde
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195143416
- eISBN:
- 9780199834372
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195143418.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
After the Civil War, population growth, industrialization, and urbanization significantly affected evangelical congregations. As many established congregations decided to move away from their ...
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After the Civil War, population growth, industrialization, and urbanization significantly affected evangelical congregations. As many established congregations decided to move away from their original downtown locations and build churches in the new suburbs, church mission, location, and architectural style became intertwined. The trend toward medievalism and the widespread adoption of the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style underscored the domestic or member‐focused internal mission of congregations while at the same time indicating their perception of the risky nature of outreach and evangelizing missions in heterogeneous urban neighborhoods. Resembling armories, these buildings articulated middle‐class ambivalence toward urban life, at once safely sheltering members yet also providing a redoubt from whence forays into the broader community could be launched. This chapter uses a case study approach to investigate congregations and their church buildings, and includes Lovely Lane Church in Baltimore, designed by architect Stanford White, and Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church in Denver, designed by Robert S. Roeschlaub among several buildings examined.Less
After the Civil War, population growth, industrialization, and urbanization significantly affected evangelical congregations. As many established congregations decided to move away from their original downtown locations and build churches in the new suburbs, church mission, location, and architectural style became intertwined. The trend toward medievalism and the widespread adoption of the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style underscored the domestic or member‐focused internal mission of congregations while at the same time indicating their perception of the risky nature of outreach and evangelizing missions in heterogeneous urban neighborhoods. Resembling armories, these buildings articulated middle‐class ambivalence toward urban life, at once safely sheltering members yet also providing a redoubt from whence forays into the broader community could be launched. This chapter uses a case study approach to investigate congregations and their church buildings, and includes Lovely Lane Church in Baltimore, designed by architect Stanford White, and Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church in Denver, designed by Robert S. Roeschlaub among several buildings examined.
Maia Bloomfield Cucchiara
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226016658
- eISBN:
- 9780226016962
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226016962.001.0001
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
Discuss real estate with any young family and the subject of schools is certain to come up—in fact, it will likely be a crucial factor in determining where that family lives. Not merely institutions ...
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Discuss real estate with any young family and the subject of schools is certain to come up—in fact, it will likely be a crucial factor in determining where that family lives. Not merely institutions of learning, schools have increasingly become a sign of a neighborhood’s vitality, and city planners have ever more explicitly promoted “good schools” as a means of attracting more affluent families to urban areas, a dynamic process that the author critically examines in this book. Focusing on Philadelphia’s Center City Schools Initiative, she shows how education policy makes overt attempts to prevent, or at least slow, middle-class flight to the suburbs. Navigating complex ethical terrain, the author balances the successes of such policies in strengthening urban schools and communities against the inherent social injustices they propagate—the further marginalization and disempowerment of lower-class families. By asking what happens when affluent parents become “valued customers,” the book uncovers a problematic relationship between public institutions and private markets, where the former are used to leverage the latter to effect urban transformations.Less
Discuss real estate with any young family and the subject of schools is certain to come up—in fact, it will likely be a crucial factor in determining where that family lives. Not merely institutions of learning, schools have increasingly become a sign of a neighborhood’s vitality, and city planners have ever more explicitly promoted “good schools” as a means of attracting more affluent families to urban areas, a dynamic process that the author critically examines in this book. Focusing on Philadelphia’s Center City Schools Initiative, she shows how education policy makes overt attempts to prevent, or at least slow, middle-class flight to the suburbs. Navigating complex ethical terrain, the author balances the successes of such policies in strengthening urban schools and communities against the inherent social injustices they propagate—the further marginalization and disempowerment of lower-class families. By asking what happens when affluent parents become “valued customers,” the book uncovers a problematic relationship between public institutions and private markets, where the former are used to leverage the latter to effect urban transformations.
Lily Geismer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157238
- eISBN:
- 9781400852420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157238.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This introductory chapter describes the myth of Massachusetts exceptionalism in the context of suburban liberalism, and provides a brief overview of Massachusetts politics in general, particularly ...
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This introductory chapter describes the myth of Massachusetts exceptionalism in the context of suburban liberalism, and provides a brief overview of Massachusetts politics in general, particularly what it means to be a “Massachusetts liberal.” In particular, the chapter states that the suburban liberals in the Route 128 area have stood at the intersection of the political, economic, and spatial reorganizations that occurred in the United States since 1945, but they have been largely left out of the traditional frameworks of twentieth-century political and urban history. Yet the chapter argues that liberal activism in the Route 128 area illuminates several key factors about the nature of suburban politics and the relationship between national developments and the particularities of political patterns in Massachusetts.Less
This introductory chapter describes the myth of Massachusetts exceptionalism in the context of suburban liberalism, and provides a brief overview of Massachusetts politics in general, particularly what it means to be a “Massachusetts liberal.” In particular, the chapter states that the suburban liberals in the Route 128 area have stood at the intersection of the political, economic, and spatial reorganizations that occurred in the United States since 1945, but they have been largely left out of the traditional frameworks of twentieth-century political and urban history. Yet the chapter argues that liberal activism in the Route 128 area illuminates several key factors about the nature of suburban politics and the relationship between national developments and the particularities of political patterns in Massachusetts.
Lily Geismer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157238
- eISBN:
- 9781400852420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157238.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter demonstrates how the Vietnam War forced residents to grapple with the central role of defense spending in shaping the economy and labor market of the Route 128 area. The MIT scientists ...
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This chapter demonstrates how the Vietnam War forced residents to grapple with the central role of defense spending in shaping the economy and labor market of the Route 128 area. The MIT scientists and Raytheon engineers who got involved in activities such as the McCarthy campaign and anti-ABM (antiballistic missiles) movement exposed their complex position about the dependency of their professions on defense spending. These attitudes challenge the assumption that residents of Cold War suburbs who worked in defense-related industries, regardless of partisan affiliation, were uniformly and reflexively supportive of national security issues. The decision of some of this contingency to voice their opposition to the war through electoral politics underscores their faith in the liberal ideal of working within the system to create change, which would have a reverberating impact on the direction of liberalism, the Democratic Party, and the antiwar cause.Less
This chapter demonstrates how the Vietnam War forced residents to grapple with the central role of defense spending in shaping the economy and labor market of the Route 128 area. The MIT scientists and Raytheon engineers who got involved in activities such as the McCarthy campaign and anti-ABM (antiballistic missiles) movement exposed their complex position about the dependency of their professions on defense spending. These attitudes challenge the assumption that residents of Cold War suburbs who worked in defense-related industries, regardless of partisan affiliation, were uniformly and reflexively supportive of national security issues. The decision of some of this contingency to voice their opposition to the war through electoral politics underscores their faith in the liberal ideal of working within the system to create change, which would have a reverberating impact on the direction of liberalism, the Democratic Party, and the antiwar cause.
Lily Geismer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157238
- eISBN:
- 9781400852420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157238.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This concluding chapter examines the recent trends in Massachusetts' effort to confront its image as out of touch with the rest of the country, turning to the themes of equality of opportunity and ...
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This concluding chapter examines the recent trends in Massachusetts' effort to confront its image as out of touch with the rest of the country, turning to the themes of equality of opportunity and meritocratic individualism and how these had come to define liberalism. It shows that, in recent years, the Route 128 area had experienced a series of demographic changes which has since helped to lessen the pronounced whiteness in the Route 128 suburbs—but not the patterns of economic exclusivity. The chapter notes the improvements to the quality of life for Route 128's residents of color, noting however that such trends have yet to provide the solution to metropolitan, class, and racial inequities.Less
This concluding chapter examines the recent trends in Massachusetts' effort to confront its image as out of touch with the rest of the country, turning to the themes of equality of opportunity and meritocratic individualism and how these had come to define liberalism. It shows that, in recent years, the Route 128 area had experienced a series of demographic changes which has since helped to lessen the pronounced whiteness in the Route 128 suburbs—but not the patterns of economic exclusivity. The chapter notes the improvements to the quality of life for Route 128's residents of color, noting however that such trends have yet to provide the solution to metropolitan, class, and racial inequities.
Colin Gordon
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226647487
- eISBN:
- 9780226647517
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226647517.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book explores the citizenship experienced by African-Americans in St. Louis County across the last century by examining patterns of municipal incorporation and annexation (much of it in service ...
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This book explores the citizenship experienced by African-Americans in St. Louis County across the last century by examining patterns of municipal incorporation and annexation (much of it in service of racial segregation), the starkly uneven provision of local services (schools, water and sewers, public safety), local approaches to urban renewal (which pointedly “blighted” and relocated African-American neighborhoods), and the potent combination of racial transition, fiscal austerity, and predatory policing that led to the death of Michael Brown in Ferguson in August 2014.Less
This book explores the citizenship experienced by African-Americans in St. Louis County across the last century by examining patterns of municipal incorporation and annexation (much of it in service of racial segregation), the starkly uneven provision of local services (schools, water and sewers, public safety), local approaches to urban renewal (which pointedly “blighted” and relocated African-American neighborhoods), and the potent combination of racial transition, fiscal austerity, and predatory policing that led to the death of Michael Brown in Ferguson in August 2014.
Andrew Gurr
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198129776
- eISBN:
- 9780191671852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198129776.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies, Drama
The attraction of playing in London was by far the strongest influence on the playing companies, and the strongest factor determining their ...
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The attraction of playing in London was by far the strongest influence on the playing companies, and the strongest factor determining their development between 1574 and 1642. No other place had the resource in population, let alone wealth, to let players offer their plays there on a regular daily basis. Playgoing as a distinctive, though relatively expensive, form of public entertainment was popular at all levels of society in Tudor England. Fixing the main playing-places in London, a process that started in the 1560s and became firm when the first custom-built playhouses appeared in the suburbs in the 1570s, was the key that unlocked many doors for the companies. The other giant factor that affected playing was the creation of the Queen’s Men in 1583. When the city opposed playgoing, the players built their theatres in the suburbs, outside the Lord Mayor’s jurisdiction. Very little direct evidence survives about the attitudes of patrons to their companies. A substantial part of this question about the possible relations between patrons and their companies belongs as much to religion as to politics.Less
The attraction of playing in London was by far the strongest influence on the playing companies, and the strongest factor determining their development between 1574 and 1642. No other place had the resource in population, let alone wealth, to let players offer their plays there on a regular daily basis. Playgoing as a distinctive, though relatively expensive, form of public entertainment was popular at all levels of society in Tudor England. Fixing the main playing-places in London, a process that started in the 1560s and became firm when the first custom-built playhouses appeared in the suburbs in the 1570s, was the key that unlocked many doors for the companies. The other giant factor that affected playing was the creation of the Queen’s Men in 1583. When the city opposed playgoing, the players built their theatres in the suburbs, outside the Lord Mayor’s jurisdiction. Very little direct evidence survives about the attitudes of patrons to their companies. A substantial part of this question about the possible relations between patrons and their companies belongs as much to religion as to politics.
A. James Reichley
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199764013
- eISBN:
- 9780199897186
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199764013.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
After the 2008 election Republicans were sunk in remorse and fear that their party had “lost its way” and might be relegated to minority status for years to come, while liberal commentators and ...
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After the 2008 election Republicans were sunk in remorse and fear that their party had “lost its way” and might be relegated to minority status for years to come, while liberal commentators and politicians hailed a historic realignment ushering in a new center-left majority. In less than a year, however, much of the public had turned against the Democratic administration and Congress on major national issues, and polls found conservatives increasing their lead over liberals within the electorate to two-to-one. But only twenty percent of voters identified themselves as Republicans. Some Republican strategists argue that the party should be more consistently conservative to provide a clear alternative to Democratic liberalism. Others maintain that it should offer a more positive program and image to attract independent voters. The truth is that it probably needs to do both.Less
After the 2008 election Republicans were sunk in remorse and fear that their party had “lost its way” and might be relegated to minority status for years to come, while liberal commentators and politicians hailed a historic realignment ushering in a new center-left majority. In less than a year, however, much of the public had turned against the Democratic administration and Congress on major national issues, and polls found conservatives increasing their lead over liberals within the electorate to two-to-one. But only twenty percent of voters identified themselves as Republicans. Some Republican strategists argue that the party should be more consistently conservative to provide a clear alternative to Democratic liberalism. Others maintain that it should offer a more positive program and image to attract independent voters. The truth is that it probably needs to do both.
William W. Goldsmith
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781501704314
- eISBN:
- 9781501706035
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501704314.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This book shows how cities can be places of opportunity rather than places with problems. With strongly revived cities and suburbs, working as places that serve all their residents, metropolitan ...
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This book shows how cities can be places of opportunity rather than places with problems. With strongly revived cities and suburbs, working as places that serve all their residents, metropolitan areas will thrive, thus making the national economy more productive, the environment better protected, the citizenry better educated, and the society more reflective, sensitive, and humane. The book argues that America has been in the habit of abusing its cities and their poorest suburbs, which are always the first to be blamed for society's ills and the last to be helped. As federal and state budgets, regulations, and programs line up with the interests of giant corporations and privileged citizens, they impose austerity on cities, short-change public schools, make it hard to get nutritious food, and inflict the drug war on unlucky neighborhoods. Frustration with inequality is spreading. Parents and teachers call persistently for improvements in public schooling, and education experiments abound. Nutrition indicators have begun to improve, as rising health costs and epidemic obesity have led to widespread attention to food. The futility of the drug war and the high costs of unwarranted, unprecedented prison growth have become clear. The text documents a positive development: progressive politicians in many cities and some states are proposing far-reaching improvements, supported by advocacy groups that form powerful voting blocs, ensuring that Congress takes notice. When more cities forcefully demand enlightened federal and state action on these four interrelated problems—inequality, schools, food, and the drug war—positive movement will occur in traditional urban planning as well, so as to meet the needs of most residents for improved housing, better transportation, and enhanced public spaces.Less
This book shows how cities can be places of opportunity rather than places with problems. With strongly revived cities and suburbs, working as places that serve all their residents, metropolitan areas will thrive, thus making the national economy more productive, the environment better protected, the citizenry better educated, and the society more reflective, sensitive, and humane. The book argues that America has been in the habit of abusing its cities and their poorest suburbs, which are always the first to be blamed for society's ills and the last to be helped. As federal and state budgets, regulations, and programs line up with the interests of giant corporations and privileged citizens, they impose austerity on cities, short-change public schools, make it hard to get nutritious food, and inflict the drug war on unlucky neighborhoods. Frustration with inequality is spreading. Parents and teachers call persistently for improvements in public schooling, and education experiments abound. Nutrition indicators have begun to improve, as rising health costs and epidemic obesity have led to widespread attention to food. The futility of the drug war and the high costs of unwarranted, unprecedented prison growth have become clear. The text documents a positive development: progressive politicians in many cities and some states are proposing far-reaching improvements, supported by advocacy groups that form powerful voting blocs, ensuring that Congress takes notice. When more cities forcefully demand enlightened federal and state action on these four interrelated problems—inequality, schools, food, and the drug war—positive movement will occur in traditional urban planning as well, so as to meet the needs of most residents for improved housing, better transportation, and enhanced public spaces.
J. M. Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695164
- eISBN:
- 9780191738746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695164.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter has two subjects. The first is the strong increase in criminal prosecutions after the conclusion of the war in 1815 and the extent to which the runners became involved in its ...
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This chapter has two subjects. The first is the strong increase in criminal prosecutions after the conclusion of the war in 1815 and the extent to which the runners became involved in its prosecution. Most of the chapter is concerned with the related matter of ideas and plans to reform the police as offences increased both in the metropolis itself and now in the rural parishes on its borders. The outcome was Robert Peel’s Metropolitan Police act of 1829 which represented a fundamental reconstruction of the bases upon which policing had rested. The creation of the New Police had implications for the runners, but it was the removal of the administrative authority of the magistrates at Bow Street and the other Police Offices that brought their disbandment in 1839.Less
This chapter has two subjects. The first is the strong increase in criminal prosecutions after the conclusion of the war in 1815 and the extent to which the runners became involved in its prosecution. Most of the chapter is concerned with the related matter of ideas and plans to reform the police as offences increased both in the metropolis itself and now in the rural parishes on its borders. The outcome was Robert Peel’s Metropolitan Police act of 1829 which represented a fundamental reconstruction of the bases upon which policing had rested. The creation of the New Police had implications for the runners, but it was the removal of the administrative authority of the magistrates at Bow Street and the other Police Offices that brought their disbandment in 1839.
Derek Schilling and Philippe Met (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526106858
- eISBN:
- 9781526135995
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526106858.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Long before the emergence in the 1990s of a ‘cinéma de banlieue’ on the heels of Mathieu Kassovitz’s La Haine (1995), French filmmakers looked beyond the gates of the French capital for inspiration ...
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Long before the emergence in the 1990s of a ‘cinéma de banlieue’ on the heels of Mathieu Kassovitz’s La Haine (1995), French filmmakers looked beyond the gates of the French capital for inspiration and content. In the Paris suburbs, they found a vast reservoir of architectural forms, landscapes and contemporary social types in which to anchor their fictions. From the villas and vacant lots of silent serials of the 1910s and the bucolic riverside guinguettes of 1930s poetic realism, to the housing estates and motorways of the second post-war, the suburban landscape came to form a privileged site in the French cinematographic imaginary. In keeping with directorial vision, the prerogatives of the film industry or the internal demands of genre, the suburb could be made to impart a strong impression of reality or unreality, novelty or ordinariness, danger or enjoyment. The contributors to this volume argue collectively for a long history of the suburban imaginary by contrasting diverse ‘structures of feeling’ (Raymond Williams) that correlate to divergent aesthetic and ideological programmes. Commenting on narrative, documentary and essay films, they address such themes as class conflict, leisure, boredom, violence and anti-authoritarianism, underscoring the broader function of the suburb as a site of intense cultural productivity.Less
Long before the emergence in the 1990s of a ‘cinéma de banlieue’ on the heels of Mathieu Kassovitz’s La Haine (1995), French filmmakers looked beyond the gates of the French capital for inspiration and content. In the Paris suburbs, they found a vast reservoir of architectural forms, landscapes and contemporary social types in which to anchor their fictions. From the villas and vacant lots of silent serials of the 1910s and the bucolic riverside guinguettes of 1930s poetic realism, to the housing estates and motorways of the second post-war, the suburban landscape came to form a privileged site in the French cinematographic imaginary. In keeping with directorial vision, the prerogatives of the film industry or the internal demands of genre, the suburb could be made to impart a strong impression of reality or unreality, novelty or ordinariness, danger or enjoyment. The contributors to this volume argue collectively for a long history of the suburban imaginary by contrasting diverse ‘structures of feeling’ (Raymond Williams) that correlate to divergent aesthetic and ideological programmes. Commenting on narrative, documentary and essay films, they address such themes as class conflict, leisure, boredom, violence and anti-authoritarianism, underscoring the broader function of the suburb as a site of intense cultural productivity.
Sarah Bilston
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780300179330
- eISBN:
- 9780300186369
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300179330.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
When did the suburbs gain their reputation as places of dullness and sterility? This book traces the origins of such suburban stereotypes back to the 1820s, the earliest decade of suburban growth, ...
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When did the suburbs gain their reputation as places of dullness and sterility? This book traces the origins of such suburban stereotypes back to the 1820s, the earliest decade of suburban growth, and argues that those stereotypes were forged from the first to denigrate women and the new middle classes. Disdain for the suburbs blazed especially hotly at the fin de siècle. Writers like George Gissing and H. G. Wells famously presented the suburbs as dull and tedious places, inimical to creativity, and these are the images of the Victorian suburbs scholars know best to this day. This book traces a long-forgotten counter discourse back into the early decades of the century, showing that in women’s fiction especially, the suburbs functioned narratively as places of opportunity and new beginnings. The very existence of suburban problems, meanwhile, offered women a vocation, with professional work in and around the suburban home offered tentatively as the answer, the solution, the future. Drawing on a broad range of Victorian literature, from Charles Dickens and Mary Elizabeth Braddon to less well-known writers like John Claudius Loudon, Emily Eden, Bertha Buxton, Julia Frankau, and Jane Ellen Panton, this book bring forgotten voices back into the conversation about the growth of a new landscape, a new way of life.Less
When did the suburbs gain their reputation as places of dullness and sterility? This book traces the origins of such suburban stereotypes back to the 1820s, the earliest decade of suburban growth, and argues that those stereotypes were forged from the first to denigrate women and the new middle classes. Disdain for the suburbs blazed especially hotly at the fin de siècle. Writers like George Gissing and H. G. Wells famously presented the suburbs as dull and tedious places, inimical to creativity, and these are the images of the Victorian suburbs scholars know best to this day. This book traces a long-forgotten counter discourse back into the early decades of the century, showing that in women’s fiction especially, the suburbs functioned narratively as places of opportunity and new beginnings. The very existence of suburban problems, meanwhile, offered women a vocation, with professional work in and around the suburban home offered tentatively as the answer, the solution, the future. Drawing on a broad range of Victorian literature, from Charles Dickens and Mary Elizabeth Braddon to less well-known writers like John Claudius Loudon, Emily Eden, Bertha Buxton, Julia Frankau, and Jane Ellen Panton, this book bring forgotten voices back into the conversation about the growth of a new landscape, a new way of life.
Samuel C. Heilman
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195134681
- eISBN:
- 9780199848652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134681.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
This chapter examines the relationship between Orthodox American Jews, the city and the suburbs. It argues that this relationship is a dynamic one and that where Orthodox Jews choose to live ...
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This chapter examines the relationship between Orthodox American Jews, the city and the suburbs. It argues that this relationship is a dynamic one and that where Orthodox Jews choose to live continues to be a reflection of who they are and how they express their religious identities. Moreover, Orthodox Jews — unlike other of their co-religionists — have been able to make areas of Jewish scarcity, even in the most unlikely areas, flourish: increasingly, they have changed the communities in which they have settled rather than being themselves changed.Less
This chapter examines the relationship between Orthodox American Jews, the city and the suburbs. It argues that this relationship is a dynamic one and that where Orthodox Jews choose to live continues to be a reflection of who they are and how they express their religious identities. Moreover, Orthodox Jews — unlike other of their co-religionists — have been able to make areas of Jewish scarcity, even in the most unlikely areas, flourish: increasingly, they have changed the communities in which they have settled rather than being themselves changed.
Anat Helman
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195134681
- eISBN:
- 9780199848652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134681.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
Tel-Aviv of 1934 was still a city in flux, one that had evolved considerably from its founders' vision of a serene garden suburb adjoining the noisy and overcrowded Jaffa. Most of its population was ...
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Tel-Aviv of 1934 was still a city in flux, one that had evolved considerably from its founders' vision of a serene garden suburb adjoining the noisy and overcrowded Jaffa. Most of its population was European in origin — but were East Europeans to be considered “Western?” And what of Tel-Aviv's location in the heart of the Middle East — was this indeed felt only as a “faint palimpsest”? It may be more accurate to say that Tel-Aviv in the formative years of its growth was influenced by three different urban models, Western, East European and Levantine. During the 1920s and 1930s, these models coexisted and competed with each other, as the one-time suburb grew and was gradually transformed into a real city.Less
Tel-Aviv of 1934 was still a city in flux, one that had evolved considerably from its founders' vision of a serene garden suburb adjoining the noisy and overcrowded Jaffa. Most of its population was European in origin — but were East Europeans to be considered “Western?” And what of Tel-Aviv's location in the heart of the Middle East — was this indeed felt only as a “faint palimpsest”? It may be more accurate to say that Tel-Aviv in the formative years of its growth was influenced by three different urban models, Western, East European and Levantine. During the 1920s and 1930s, these models coexisted and competed with each other, as the one-time suburb grew and was gradually transformed into a real city.
Peter Levine
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195085556
- eISBN:
- 9780199854042
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195085556.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines the Jewish American sport experience in the U.S. since World War II. While the interwar years represented something of a peak for Jewish professional athletes, the 1970s ...
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This chapter examines the Jewish American sport experience in the U.S. since World War II. While the interwar years represented something of a peak for Jewish professional athletes, the 1970s witnessed a decline in sports participation among the Jews. Analysts and historians attribute this decline to the trek of second- and third-generation Jewish families from the city to the suburbs. Sport no longer serves the same purpose today as it once did.Less
This chapter examines the Jewish American sport experience in the U.S. since World War II. While the interwar years represented something of a peak for Jewish professional athletes, the 1970s witnessed a decline in sports participation among the Jews. Analysts and historians attribute this decline to the trek of second- and third-generation Jewish families from the city to the suburbs. Sport no longer serves the same purpose today as it once did.
