Francis G. Castles
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- November 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199270170
- eISBN:
- 9780191601514
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199270171.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This book uses data from 21 OECD countries for the period 1980 to 1998 to test a variety of hypotheses suggesting that contemporary welfare states are in crisis and to establish the factors shaping ...
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This book uses data from 21 OECD countries for the period 1980 to 1998 to test a variety of hypotheses suggesting that contemporary welfare states are in crisis and to establish the factors shaping the trajectory of welfare state development during these years. It assesses the validity of arguments that globalization leads to a ‘race to the bottom’ in social spending and that population ageing poses a threat to public budgets. It finds both of these arguments wanting and, instead, suggests that contemporary welfare states have been converging to a steady state over recent decades. The book also examines the extent to which welfare states across the OECD have been restructured in recent years and whether there are signs of the emergence of a distinctive European ‘social model’. Again, it finds that accounts of substantial welfare state restructuring and of the Europeanization of the welfare state are much exaggerated. Finally, the book identifies a potential threat to the viability of existing societies in a trend to declining fertility throughout the advanced world, but argues that the welfare state in the form of family-friendly policy is actually our best protection against this trend.Less
This book uses data from 21 OECD countries for the period 1980 to 1998 to test a variety of hypotheses suggesting that contemporary welfare states are in crisis and to establish the factors shaping the trajectory of welfare state development during these years. It assesses the validity of arguments that globalization leads to a ‘race to the bottom’ in social spending and that population ageing poses a threat to public budgets. It finds both of these arguments wanting and, instead, suggests that contemporary welfare states have been converging to a steady state over recent decades. The book also examines the extent to which welfare states across the OECD have been restructured in recent years and whether there are signs of the emergence of a distinctive European ‘social model’. Again, it finds that accounts of substantial welfare state restructuring and of the Europeanization of the welfare state are much exaggerated. Finally, the book identifies a potential threat to the viability of existing societies in a trend to declining fertility throughout the advanced world, but argues that the welfare state in the form of family-friendly policy is actually our best protection against this trend.
Paul Pierson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297567
- eISBN:
- 9780191600104
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297564.003.0014
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This concluding chapter argues that the contemporary politics of the welfare state takes shape against a backdrop of both intense pressures for austerity and enduring popularity. In this context, ...
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This concluding chapter argues that the contemporary politics of the welfare state takes shape against a backdrop of both intense pressures for austerity and enduring popularity. In this context, even strong supporters of the welfare state may come to acknowledge the need for adjustment, and even severe critics may need to accept the political realities of continuing popular enthusiasm for social provision. Thus, in most of the affluent democracies, the politics of social policy centre on the renegotiation, restructuring, and modernization of the terms of the post‐war social contract rather than on its dismantling. The crucial issue is whether particular national settings facilitate the emergence of such a centrist reform effort, and if so, on what terms. The argument proceeds in three stages: in the first, a basic framework is outlined for studying the politics of reform in a context of permanent austerity; in the second, two complications are discussed — the need to incorporate different dimensions of social policy reform and the need to recognize three quite distinct configurations of welfare state politics among the affluent democracies; in the third, these arguments are applied to analyse the politics of restructuring in the liberal, social democratic, and conservative ‘worlds’ (regimes) of welfare capitalism.Less
This concluding chapter argues that the contemporary politics of the welfare state takes shape against a backdrop of both intense pressures for austerity and enduring popularity. In this context, even strong supporters of the welfare state may come to acknowledge the need for adjustment, and even severe critics may need to accept the political realities of continuing popular enthusiasm for social provision. Thus, in most of the affluent democracies, the politics of social policy centre on the renegotiation, restructuring, and modernization of the terms of the post‐war social contract rather than on its dismantling. The crucial issue is whether particular national settings facilitate the emergence of such a centrist reform effort, and if so, on what terms. The argument proceeds in three stages: in the first, a basic framework is outlined for studying the politics of reform in a context of permanent austerity; in the second, two complications are discussed — the need to incorporate different dimensions of social policy reform and the need to recognize three quite distinct configurations of welfare state politics among the affluent democracies; in the third, these arguments are applied to analyse the politics of restructuring in the liberal, social democratic, and conservative ‘worlds’ (regimes) of welfare capitalism.
Olivier Cadot, Antoni Estevadeordal, Akiko Suwa-Eisenmann, and Thierry Verdier
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199290482
- eISBN:
- 9780191603471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199290482.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
Rules of origin (ROOs) in US free-trade agreements (FTAs) provide particularized benefits to industries like textiles and autos. In so doing, they have helped win Congressional approval of ...
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Rules of origin (ROOs) in US free-trade agreements (FTAs) provide particularized benefits to industries like textiles and autos. In so doing, they have helped win Congressional approval of controversial pacts like NAFTA (1993) and CAFTA (2005). ROOs are a form of hidden protection, reducing overall welfare, but they help US officials build winning coalitions for specific FTAs in the absence of a broad societal consensus in favor of trade liberalization.Less
Rules of origin (ROOs) in US free-trade agreements (FTAs) provide particularized benefits to industries like textiles and autos. In so doing, they have helped win Congressional approval of controversial pacts like NAFTA (1993) and CAFTA (2005). ROOs are a form of hidden protection, reducing overall welfare, but they help US officials build winning coalitions for specific FTAs in the absence of a broad societal consensus in favor of trade liberalization.
Robert Wuthnow
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691150550
- eISBN:
- 9781400839759
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691150550.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
No state has voted Republican more consistently or widely or for longer than Kansas. To understand red state politics, Kansas is the place. It is also the place to understand red state religion. The ...
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No state has voted Republican more consistently or widely or for longer than Kansas. To understand red state politics, Kansas is the place. It is also the place to understand red state religion. The Kansas Board of Education has repeatedly challenged the teaching of evolution, Kansas voters overwhelmingly passed a constitutional ban on gay marriage, the state is a hotbed of antiabortion protest—and churches have been involved in all of these efforts. Yet in 1867 suffragist Lucy Stone could plausibly proclaim that, in the cause of universal suffrage, “Kansas leads the world!” This book tells the story of religiously motivated political activism in Kansas from territorial days to the present. It examines how faith mixed with politics as both ordinary Kansans and leaders such as John Brown, Carrie Nation, William Allen White, and Dwight Eisenhower struggled over the pivotal issues of their times, from slavery and Prohibition to Populism and anti-communism. Beyond providing surprising new explanations of why Kansas became a conservative stronghold, the book sheds new light on the role of religion in red states across the Midwest and the United States. Contrary to recent influential accounts, the book argues that Kansas conservatism is largely pragmatic, not ideological, and that religion in the state has less to do with politics and contentious moral activism than with relationships between neighbors, friends, and fellow churchgoers. This is an important book for anyone who wants to understand the role of religion in American political conservatism.Less
No state has voted Republican more consistently or widely or for longer than Kansas. To understand red state politics, Kansas is the place. It is also the place to understand red state religion. The Kansas Board of Education has repeatedly challenged the teaching of evolution, Kansas voters overwhelmingly passed a constitutional ban on gay marriage, the state is a hotbed of antiabortion protest—and churches have been involved in all of these efforts. Yet in 1867 suffragist Lucy Stone could plausibly proclaim that, in the cause of universal suffrage, “Kansas leads the world!” This book tells the story of religiously motivated political activism in Kansas from territorial days to the present. It examines how faith mixed with politics as both ordinary Kansans and leaders such as John Brown, Carrie Nation, William Allen White, and Dwight Eisenhower struggled over the pivotal issues of their times, from slavery and Prohibition to Populism and anti-communism. Beyond providing surprising new explanations of why Kansas became a conservative stronghold, the book sheds new light on the role of religion in red states across the Midwest and the United States. Contrary to recent influential accounts, the book argues that Kansas conservatism is largely pragmatic, not ideological, and that religion in the state has less to do with politics and contentious moral activism than with relationships between neighbors, friends, and fellow churchgoers. This is an important book for anyone who wants to understand the role of religion in American political conservatism.
Laura Evans
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199742745
- eISBN:
- 9780199895052
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199742745.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter documents tribal-state interactions: in particular, the role of expertise in tribal successes in state politics. Also, the chapter examines the broader social and political environments ...
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This chapter documents tribal-state interactions: in particular, the role of expertise in tribal successes in state politics. Also, the chapter examines the broader social and political environments in which tribal governments are situated and traces the consequences that those contexts bring for state politics. This chapter shows when tribal governments have more help from the federal government for cultivating skills in a given policy area or for governance structures, they do better in state interactions. Furthermore, American Indian state legislators serve tribal interests in ways that are based on accumulating expertise. But in states where the potential for Indian-white conflict is high, tribal advocates cannot completely undo a marked neglect of their concerns.Less
This chapter documents tribal-state interactions: in particular, the role of expertise in tribal successes in state politics. Also, the chapter examines the broader social and political environments in which tribal governments are situated and traces the consequences that those contexts bring for state politics. This chapter shows when tribal governments have more help from the federal government for cultivating skills in a given policy area or for governance structures, they do better in state interactions. Furthermore, American Indian state legislators serve tribal interests in ways that are based on accumulating expertise. But in states where the potential for Indian-white conflict is high, tribal advocates cannot completely undo a marked neglect of their concerns.
Narayan Lakshman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198069980
- eISBN:
- 9780199081288
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198069980.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
Poverty in India has proven to be inflexible ever since the country gained its independence more than fifty years ago, prompting the question of what the role of the state or public policy is in ...
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Poverty in India has proven to be inflexible ever since the country gained its independence more than fifty years ago, prompting the question of what the role of the state or public policy is in reducing poverty in India. This introductory chapter examines the central role of politics in helping to reduce poverty levels in India, as well as the theoretical background of an analysis on poverty. This includes the regime type, which is considered as the ultimate unit of analysis. The chapter discusses class politics, public policy, and caste dominance, and provides a working definition of ‘poverty’. In the latter portion of the chapter, there is a discussion on the state politics and empirical evidence of the poverty levels in two Indian states, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The chapter ends with a discussion of the research questions, theoretical implications, and original contribution of the book.Less
Poverty in India has proven to be inflexible ever since the country gained its independence more than fifty years ago, prompting the question of what the role of the state or public policy is in reducing poverty in India. This introductory chapter examines the central role of politics in helping to reduce poverty levels in India, as well as the theoretical background of an analysis on poverty. This includes the regime type, which is considered as the ultimate unit of analysis. The chapter discusses class politics, public policy, and caste dominance, and provides a working definition of ‘poverty’. In the latter portion of the chapter, there is a discussion on the state politics and empirical evidence of the poverty levels in two Indian states, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The chapter ends with a discussion of the research questions, theoretical implications, and original contribution of the book.
M. V. Hood III, Quentin Kidd, and Irwin L. Morris
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199873821
- eISBN:
- 9780199980017
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199873821.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter demonstrates the dramatic transformation that occurred over the last half-century in the region by providing a detailed description of the Southern political landscape from the 1950s ...
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This chapter demonstrates the dramatic transformation that occurred over the last half-century in the region by providing a detailed description of the Southern political landscape from the 1950s through the present day. The chapter first examines the increasing success of Southern GOP candidates at the national, state, and substate levels. Next, growth in individual-level identification with the Republican Party using longitudinal survey data is documented. As noted by a number of existing studies, Southern whites were drawn to Republican Party candidates—particularly at the presidential level—before they viewed themselves (or identified) as Republicans.Less
This chapter demonstrates the dramatic transformation that occurred over the last half-century in the region by providing a detailed description of the Southern political landscape from the 1950s through the present day. The chapter first examines the increasing success of Southern GOP candidates at the national, state, and substate levels. Next, growth in individual-level identification with the Republican Party using longitudinal survey data is documented. As noted by a number of existing studies, Southern whites were drawn to Republican Party candidates—particularly at the presidential level—before they viewed themselves (or identified) as Republicans.
Paul Sabin
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520241985
- eISBN:
- 9780520931145
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520241985.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The State Lands Act resolved tensions between industrial and recreational usage of the coast by tying beaches and oil together. California's tidelands oil problem became thoroughly intertwined with ...
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The State Lands Act resolved tensions between industrial and recreational usage of the coast by tying beaches and oil together. California's tidelands oil problem became thoroughly intertwined with the conflicts over state finance. While Culbert Olson fumed over institutional obstacles, Standard Oil's alliance with powerful beach protection and development groups throughout the state deepened. California desperately needed an effective way to manage the coastal tidelands. Olson's long struggle to protect California's petroleum rights strengthened state management of the tidelands oil. The 1938 creation of the State Lands Commission, the Division of State Lands scandal, and the election of Culbert Olson as governor closed one phase of California's coastal petroleum conflict. State petroleum politics differed sharply from the earlier federal struggle but also displayed important continuities. The California state courts and state administration bent over backward to open the petroleum-rich coastal oil lands to new drilling.Less
The State Lands Act resolved tensions between industrial and recreational usage of the coast by tying beaches and oil together. California's tidelands oil problem became thoroughly intertwined with the conflicts over state finance. While Culbert Olson fumed over institutional obstacles, Standard Oil's alliance with powerful beach protection and development groups throughout the state deepened. California desperately needed an effective way to manage the coastal tidelands. Olson's long struggle to protect California's petroleum rights strengthened state management of the tidelands oil. The 1938 creation of the State Lands Commission, the Division of State Lands scandal, and the election of Culbert Olson as governor closed one phase of California's coastal petroleum conflict. State petroleum politics differed sharply from the earlier federal struggle but also displayed important continuities. The California state courts and state administration bent over backward to open the petroleum-rich coastal oil lands to new drilling.
Nancy Lee Peluso
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520073777
- eISBN:
- 9780520915534
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520073777.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
Millions of Javanese peasants live alongside state-controlled forest lands in one of the world's most densely populated agricultural regions. Because their legal access and customary rights to the ...
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Millions of Javanese peasants live alongside state-controlled forest lands in one of the world's most densely populated agricultural regions. Because their legal access and customary rights to the forest have been severely limited, these peasants have been pushed toward illegal use of forest resources. This book untangles the complex of peasant and state politics that has developed in Java over three centuries. Drawing on historical materials and intensive field research, including two contemporary case studies, the text presents the story of the forest and its people. Without major changes in forest policy, the book contends, the situation is portentous. Economic, social, and political costs to the government will increase. Development efforts will by stymied and forest destruction will continue. Mindful that a dramatic shift is unlikely, the book suggests how tension between foresters and villagers can be alleviated while giving peasants a greater stake in local forest management.Less
Millions of Javanese peasants live alongside state-controlled forest lands in one of the world's most densely populated agricultural regions. Because their legal access and customary rights to the forest have been severely limited, these peasants have been pushed toward illegal use of forest resources. This book untangles the complex of peasant and state politics that has developed in Java over three centuries. Drawing on historical materials and intensive field research, including two contemporary case studies, the text presents the story of the forest and its people. Without major changes in forest policy, the book contends, the situation is portentous. Economic, social, and political costs to the government will increase. Development efforts will by stymied and forest destruction will continue. Mindful that a dramatic shift is unlikely, the book suggests how tension between foresters and villagers can be alleviated while giving peasants a greater stake in local forest management.
Narayan Lakshman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198069980
- eISBN:
- 9780199081288
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198069980.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
The concluding chapter discusses several of the main arguments and results that were presented in the previous chapters. It looks at their implications on the broader literature for pro-poor ...
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The concluding chapter discusses several of the main arguments and results that were presented in the previous chapters. It looks at their implications on the broader literature for pro-poor politics, as well as for politics in other Indian states. The chapter starts with a recollection of the basic results in terms of the original research hypotheses. It then moves on to a discussion on the implications of the arguments found in this book. The extent to which these results can be used to improve an understanding of state politics in other Indian states is studied as well. The final section in the chapter focuses on the possible areas for future research and where the methods used in this book can also be applied.Less
The concluding chapter discusses several of the main arguments and results that were presented in the previous chapters. It looks at their implications on the broader literature for pro-poor politics, as well as for politics in other Indian states. The chapter starts with a recollection of the basic results in terms of the original research hypotheses. It then moves on to a discussion on the implications of the arguments found in this book. The extent to which these results can be used to improve an understanding of state politics in other Indian states is studied as well. The final section in the chapter focuses on the possible areas for future research and where the methods used in this book can also be applied.
Anthony Corbeill
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691163222
- eISBN:
- 9781400852468
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691163222.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
From the moment a child in ancient Rome began to speak Latin, the surrounding world became populated with objects possessing grammatical gender—masculine eyes (oculi), feminine trees (arbores), ...
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From the moment a child in ancient Rome began to speak Latin, the surrounding world became populated with objects possessing grammatical gender—masculine eyes (oculi), feminine trees (arbores), neuter bodies (corpora). This book surveys the many ways in which grammatical gender enabled Latin speakers to organize aspects of their society into sexual categories, and how this identification of grammatical gender with biological sex affected Roman perceptions of Latin poetry, divine power, and human hermaphrodites. Beginning with the ancient grammarians, the book examines how these scholars used the gender of nouns to identify the sex of the object being signified, regardless of whether that object was animate or inanimate. This informed the Roman poets who, for a time, changed at whim the grammatical gender for words as seemingly lifeless as “dust” (pulvis) or “tree bark” (cortex). The book then applies the idea of fluid grammatical gender to the basic tenets of Roman religion and state politics. It looks at how the ancients tended to construct Rome's earliest divinities as related male and female pairs, a tendency that waned in later periods. An analogous change characterized the dual-sexed hermaphrodite, whose sacred and political significance declined as the republican government became an autocracy. The book shows that the fluid boundaries of sex and gender became increasingly fixed into opposing and exclusive categories.Less
From the moment a child in ancient Rome began to speak Latin, the surrounding world became populated with objects possessing grammatical gender—masculine eyes (oculi), feminine trees (arbores), neuter bodies (corpora). This book surveys the many ways in which grammatical gender enabled Latin speakers to organize aspects of their society into sexual categories, and how this identification of grammatical gender with biological sex affected Roman perceptions of Latin poetry, divine power, and human hermaphrodites. Beginning with the ancient grammarians, the book examines how these scholars used the gender of nouns to identify the sex of the object being signified, regardless of whether that object was animate or inanimate. This informed the Roman poets who, for a time, changed at whim the grammatical gender for words as seemingly lifeless as “dust” (pulvis) or “tree bark” (cortex). The book then applies the idea of fluid grammatical gender to the basic tenets of Roman religion and state politics. It looks at how the ancients tended to construct Rome's earliest divinities as related male and female pairs, a tendency that waned in later periods. An analogous change characterized the dual-sexed hermaphrodite, whose sacred and political significance declined as the republican government became an autocracy. The book shows that the fluid boundaries of sex and gender became increasingly fixed into opposing and exclusive categories.
Robert Schuett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780748693627
- eISBN:
- 9781474408721
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748693627.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter delineates a critical-realist perspective of the state in international relations. That perspective allows for more political change and global reform than hard-nosed Realpolitiker would ...
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This chapter delineates a critical-realist perspective of the state in international relations. That perspective allows for more political change and global reform than hard-nosed Realpolitiker would acknowledge. It shows how a particular concept of the state — in this case, a Kelsenian liberal state politics — can give rise to such an intellectual persuasion. It argues that for those riven between a Kantian duty to unceasingly work towards perpetual peace and a Freudian realism to recognise the complexities of human nature, the Kelsenian state provides a well-specified philosophical basis for theorising the limits and possibilities of open societies and cosmopolitan global reform in an international system still plagued by a Westphalian ethics and the forces of nationalism.Less
This chapter delineates a critical-realist perspective of the state in international relations. That perspective allows for more political change and global reform than hard-nosed Realpolitiker would acknowledge. It shows how a particular concept of the state — in this case, a Kelsenian liberal state politics — can give rise to such an intellectual persuasion. It argues that for those riven between a Kantian duty to unceasingly work towards perpetual peace and a Freudian realism to recognise the complexities of human nature, the Kelsenian state provides a well-specified philosophical basis for theorising the limits and possibilities of open societies and cosmopolitan global reform in an international system still plagued by a Westphalian ethics and the forces of nationalism.
Paul Sabin
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520241985
- eISBN:
- 9780520931145
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520241985.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Kenneth Kingsbury accurately portrayed how prices, resource consumption, and technological development interact. Behind Kingsbury's embrace of the “economic stimulus of price,” however, lurked an ...
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Kenneth Kingsbury accurately portrayed how prices, resource consumption, and technological development interact. Behind Kingsbury's embrace of the “economic stimulus of price,” however, lurked an unsettling contradiction. Legal and political struggles over property rights, regulatory rules, and public investment defined the contours of the oil economy. California's story shows the continuing importance of state governments and state politics in twentieth-century United States political history. Its petroleum and transportation policy distinguished it from other states. In the early 1990s, American concerns about petroleum supplies brought the United States into a large-scale military conflict (Persian Gulf War). At the close of the century, two Texas oil men rode into the White House with the support of the oil industry. The history of the California oil economy yields a basic insight and lesson: political decisions, as much as the consumption choices of human's everyday lives, have greatly influenced their development as a petroleum society.Less
Kenneth Kingsbury accurately portrayed how prices, resource consumption, and technological development interact. Behind Kingsbury's embrace of the “economic stimulus of price,” however, lurked an unsettling contradiction. Legal and political struggles over property rights, regulatory rules, and public investment defined the contours of the oil economy. California's story shows the continuing importance of state governments and state politics in twentieth-century United States political history. Its petroleum and transportation policy distinguished it from other states. In the early 1990s, American concerns about petroleum supplies brought the United States into a large-scale military conflict (Persian Gulf War). At the close of the century, two Texas oil men rode into the White House with the support of the oil industry. The history of the California oil economy yields a basic insight and lesson: political decisions, as much as the consumption choices of human's everyday lives, have greatly influenced their development as a petroleum society.
Jeffrey E. Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804753005
- eISBN:
- 9780804767972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804753005.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This introductory chapter discusses the theme of this volume which is about the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. The themes that underlie the studies in this volume are the ...
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This introductory chapter discusses the theme of this volume which is about the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. The themes that underlie the studies in this volume are the concerns for the role of public opinion in democratic politics and the increased importance of states as policy-making units. This volume examines the factors that shape state-level public opinion and investigates the consequences of state public opinion on state government and policy. It also considers novel simulation methodology and discusses state ideology and partisanship data to account for change in state-level opinion.Less
This introductory chapter discusses the theme of this volume which is about the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. The themes that underlie the studies in this volume are the concerns for the role of public opinion in democratic politics and the increased importance of states as policy-making units. This volume examines the factors that shape state-level public opinion and investigates the consequences of state public opinion on state government and policy. It also considers novel simulation methodology and discusses state ideology and partisanship data to account for change in state-level opinion.
Benjamin I. Page, Jason Seawright, and Matthew J. Lacombe
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226586090
- eISBN:
- 9780226586267
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226586267.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Chapter 5 examines the major financial investments certain billionaires have made on the state and local levels. It also examines the substantial impacts that these investments have had, particularly ...
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Chapter 5 examines the major financial investments certain billionaires have made on the state and local levels. It also examines the substantial impacts that these investments have had, particularly in states like Wisconsin, Kansas, and North Carolina. In those states, billionaires and organizations that they control have helped elect extremely wealth-friendly governors and so many wealth-friendly state legislators that the control of state governments has changed drastically, and economics-related public policy has veered in new, extremely conservative directions. It is no exaggeration to say that those billionaires have helped reshape state politics. The chapter then focuses on one particular political strategy, the strategy of “boundary control,” which some billionaires have used with considerable success. In the boundary control strategy, federal-level and state-level campaign contributions are coordinated so as to win state-level favors and benefits while warding off federal-level interference.Less
Chapter 5 examines the major financial investments certain billionaires have made on the state and local levels. It also examines the substantial impacts that these investments have had, particularly in states like Wisconsin, Kansas, and North Carolina. In those states, billionaires and organizations that they control have helped elect extremely wealth-friendly governors and so many wealth-friendly state legislators that the control of state governments has changed drastically, and economics-related public policy has veered in new, extremely conservative directions. It is no exaggeration to say that those billionaires have helped reshape state politics. The chapter then focuses on one particular political strategy, the strategy of “boundary control,” which some billionaires have used with considerable success. In the boundary control strategy, federal-level and state-level campaign contributions are coordinated so as to win state-level favors and benefits while warding off federal-level interference.
Michael Todd Landis
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801453267
- eISBN:
- 9780801454837
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801453267.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
In the decade before the Civil War, Northern Democrats, although they ostensibly represented antislavery and free-state constituencies, made possible the passage of such proslavery legislation as the ...
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In the decade before the Civil War, Northern Democrats, although they ostensibly represented antislavery and free-state constituencies, made possible the passage of such proslavery legislation as the Compromise of 1850 and Fugitive Slave Law of the same year, the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854, and the Lecompton Constitution of 1858. This book contends that a full understanding of the Civil War and its causes is impossible without a careful examination of the Northern wing of the Democratic Party and its proslavery sentiments and activities. It focuses on a variety of key Democratic politicians, such as Stephen Douglas, William Marcy, and Jesse Bright, to unravel the puzzle of Northern Democratic political allegiance to the South. As congressmen, state party bosses, convention wire-pullers, cabinet officials, and presidents, these men produced the legislation and policies that led to the fragmentation of the party and catastrophic disunion. The book lays bare the desires and designs of Northern Democrats. It ventures into the complex realm of state politics and party mechanics, drawing connections between national events and district and state activity as well as between partisan dynamics and national policy. Northern Democrats had to walk a perilously thin line between loyalty to the Southern party leaders and answering to their free-state constituents. If Northern Democrats sought high office, they would have to cater to the “Slave Power.” Yet, if they hoped for election at home, they had to convince voters that they were not mere lackeys of the Southern grandees.Less
In the decade before the Civil War, Northern Democrats, although they ostensibly represented antislavery and free-state constituencies, made possible the passage of such proslavery legislation as the Compromise of 1850 and Fugitive Slave Law of the same year, the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854, and the Lecompton Constitution of 1858. This book contends that a full understanding of the Civil War and its causes is impossible without a careful examination of the Northern wing of the Democratic Party and its proslavery sentiments and activities. It focuses on a variety of key Democratic politicians, such as Stephen Douglas, William Marcy, and Jesse Bright, to unravel the puzzle of Northern Democratic political allegiance to the South. As congressmen, state party bosses, convention wire-pullers, cabinet officials, and presidents, these men produced the legislation and policies that led to the fragmentation of the party and catastrophic disunion. The book lays bare the desires and designs of Northern Democrats. It ventures into the complex realm of state politics and party mechanics, drawing connections between national events and district and state activity as well as between partisan dynamics and national policy. Northern Democrats had to walk a perilously thin line between loyalty to the Southern party leaders and answering to their free-state constituents. If Northern Democrats sought high office, they would have to cater to the “Slave Power.” Yet, if they hoped for election at home, they had to convince voters that they were not mere lackeys of the Southern grandees.
Jiang Xu and Anthony G. O. Yeh
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789888028504
- eISBN:
- 9789882206717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888028504.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
This chapter discusses the historical background of regional cooperation in China. It explores how the idea of Pan-Pearl River Delta (Pan-PRD) regionalization first came about, focusing on issues ...
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This chapter discusses the historical background of regional cooperation in China. It explores how the idea of Pan-Pearl River Delta (Pan-PRD) regionalization first came about, focusing on issues related to its establishment, organization, achievements, and prospects. It also offers a theoretical interpretation of the factors underpinning the increased interest in regional cooperation and discusses the impact of state politics on such cooperation in a transitional economy.Less
This chapter discusses the historical background of regional cooperation in China. It explores how the idea of Pan-Pearl River Delta (Pan-PRD) regionalization first came about, focusing on issues related to its establishment, organization, achievements, and prospects. It also offers a theoretical interpretation of the factors underpinning the increased interest in regional cooperation and discusses the impact of state politics on such cooperation in a transitional economy.
Jeffrey E. Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804753005
- eISBN:
- 9780804767972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804753005.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. This volume has discussed measurement of state-level public opinion, identified the ...
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This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. This volume has discussed measurement of state-level public opinion, identified the factors that influence public opinion and evaluated the impact of state-level public opinion on politics and policy making in the states. This chapter highlights the need to address the lack of data on many important political opinions and the limitations of current methods used in estimating state public opinion.Less
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the role of public opinion in state politics in the U.S. This volume has discussed measurement of state-level public opinion, identified the factors that influence public opinion and evaluated the impact of state-level public opinion on politics and policy making in the states. This chapter highlights the need to address the lack of data on many important political opinions and the limitations of current methods used in estimating state public opinion.
Claudio Lomnitz-Adler
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520077881
- eISBN:
- 9780520912472
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520077881.003.0012
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter describes some of the ranchero localist ideologies. Gonzalo Santos provides insight into the nature of local, regional, and national ideology within the Huasteca, and the different ...
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This chapter describes some of the ranchero localist ideologies. Gonzalo Santos provides insight into the nature of local, regional, and national ideology within the Huasteca, and the different possible cultural roots and forces of caciquismo. Gonzalo Santos held San Luis state politics from 1942 to 1959. His local autocratic power was undermined by federal investment in the region: a sugar mill and a cement factory were built in Valles, and the road from San Luis to Valles was constructed. A crucial aspect of his political use of Huastecan regional culture was the way he legitimated speaking the “naked truth” through populism. It shows Santos utilizing a traditional image of the Devil, and of life in the rancho in order to mystify the real bases of his awe-inspiring personal power. It then illustrates some of the principles of ranchero self-identification. Rancheros are creatively orchestrating relationships with quite a variety of groups.Less
This chapter describes some of the ranchero localist ideologies. Gonzalo Santos provides insight into the nature of local, regional, and national ideology within the Huasteca, and the different possible cultural roots and forces of caciquismo. Gonzalo Santos held San Luis state politics from 1942 to 1959. His local autocratic power was undermined by federal investment in the region: a sugar mill and a cement factory were built in Valles, and the road from San Luis to Valles was constructed. A crucial aspect of his political use of Huastecan regional culture was the way he legitimated speaking the “naked truth” through populism. It shows Santos utilizing a traditional image of the Devil, and of life in the rancho in order to mystify the real bases of his awe-inspiring personal power. It then illustrates some of the principles of ranchero self-identification. Rancheros are creatively orchestrating relationships with quite a variety of groups.
Suhas Palshikar, K C Suri, and Yogendra Yadav (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- June 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198099178
- eISBN:
- 9780199082988
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198099178.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
The political storm that swept Indian politics in the 1990s consolidated the post-Congress polity, a condition in which the Indian National Congress was no longer in a position to set the national ...
More
The political storm that swept Indian politics in the 1990s consolidated the post-Congress polity, a condition in which the Indian National Congress was no longer in a position to set the national agenda and ceased to be the central pole against which all other political parties were arrayed. Ever since, the states have emerged as the principal domain where electoral contests are fought, lost, and won. Focusing on electoral outcomes in twenty-four states between 2008 and 2013, this volume explores the complex dynamics of India’s electoral politics. The post-2008 phase is crucial as it saw the Congress adapt itself to the compulsions of coalition politics and survive as one of the competitors in the electoral arena—contrary to its erstwhile infallible standing. Focusing on both Parliamentary elections of 2009 and the Assembly elections in each state during the period, this book investigates how the two impact each other, and the broader patterns that emerge from their interaction. The state-specific accounts show that over the past few years the unsettling features of the post-Congress polity have waned leading to a condition which may be termed as normalization of the electoral competition. With the aid of rich post-election surveys, this work outlines the socio-economic features, political manoeuvres, and political causality that are manifest in the various patterns of party competition across Indian states.Less
The political storm that swept Indian politics in the 1990s consolidated the post-Congress polity, a condition in which the Indian National Congress was no longer in a position to set the national agenda and ceased to be the central pole against which all other political parties were arrayed. Ever since, the states have emerged as the principal domain where electoral contests are fought, lost, and won. Focusing on electoral outcomes in twenty-four states between 2008 and 2013, this volume explores the complex dynamics of India’s electoral politics. The post-2008 phase is crucial as it saw the Congress adapt itself to the compulsions of coalition politics and survive as one of the competitors in the electoral arena—contrary to its erstwhile infallible standing. Focusing on both Parliamentary elections of 2009 and the Assembly elections in each state during the period, this book investigates how the two impact each other, and the broader patterns that emerge from their interaction. The state-specific accounts show that over the past few years the unsettling features of the post-Congress polity have waned leading to a condition which may be termed as normalization of the electoral competition. With the aid of rich post-election surveys, this work outlines the socio-economic features, political manoeuvres, and political causality that are manifest in the various patterns of party competition across Indian states.
