Geetha B. Nambissan and S. Srinivasa Rao
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198082866
- eISBN:
- 9780199082254
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198082866.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter explores the sociological aspects of educational inequality in India. There is little coherent understanding of changing patterns of educational inequality, and few clear-cut pointers to ...
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This chapter explores the sociological aspects of educational inequality in India. There is little coherent understanding of changing patterns of educational inequality, and few clear-cut pointers to explanations for continued non-participation in, and non-completion of schooling on the part of a significant number of children. The author believes that this state of affairs arises out of the theoretical inadequacies and political conservatism that characterizes much of the study of educational inequality. The author also critiques the new research agenda by analysing the issue of unequal educational access and attainment in elementary education, with a focus on those subordinated by caste, class, and gender, and identifies crucial areas that are missing in our understanding of the influence of social processes in student participation in education and in shaping the educational system. The author points to the need for a critical systemic exploration of the education system as a subsystem of society in which school structure, organization, and processes are to be placed in wider political economy and stratified social structure based on wealth and social status. The author concludes by stressing the need to open up the issue of educational inequality to wider debates operating at the level of economy, polity, and society, and to adopt wider perspectives in sociological studies of the education system.Less
This chapter explores the sociological aspects of educational inequality in India. There is little coherent understanding of changing patterns of educational inequality, and few clear-cut pointers to explanations for continued non-participation in, and non-completion of schooling on the part of a significant number of children. The author believes that this state of affairs arises out of the theoretical inadequacies and political conservatism that characterizes much of the study of educational inequality. The author also critiques the new research agenda by analysing the issue of unequal educational access and attainment in elementary education, with a focus on those subordinated by caste, class, and gender, and identifies crucial areas that are missing in our understanding of the influence of social processes in student participation in education and in shaping the educational system. The author points to the need for a critical systemic exploration of the education system as a subsystem of society in which school structure, organization, and processes are to be placed in wider political economy and stratified social structure based on wealth and social status. The author concludes by stressing the need to open up the issue of educational inequality to wider debates operating at the level of economy, polity, and society, and to adopt wider perspectives in sociological studies of the education system.
Peter J. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719072161
- eISBN:
- 9781781701492
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719072161.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book explores the interface between musicological and sociological approaches to the analysis of music, and in doing so reveals the differing foundations of cultural studies and sociological ...
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This book explores the interface between musicological and sociological approaches to the analysis of music, and in doing so reveals the differing foundations of cultural studies and sociological perspectives more generally. Building on the arguments of his earlier book Sounds and society, the author initially contrasts text-based attempts to develop a ‘social’ analysis of music with sociological studies of musical activities in real cultural and institutional contexts. It is argued that the difficulties encountered by some of the ‘new’ musicologists in their efforts to introduce a social dimension to their work are often a result of their unfamiliarity with contemporary sociological discourse. Just as linguistic studies have moved from a concern with the meaning of words to a focus on how they are used, a sociological perspective directs our attention towards the ways in which the production and reception of music inevitably involve the collaborative activities of real people in particular times and places. The social meanings and significance of music, therefore, cannot be disclosed by analysis of the ‘texts’ alone, but only through the examination of the ways in which music is a constituent part of real social settings. This theme is developed through discussions of music in relation to processes of social stratification, the collaborative activities of improvising musicians, music as language, music as a ‘cultural object’ and music in everyday social situations.Less
This book explores the interface between musicological and sociological approaches to the analysis of music, and in doing so reveals the differing foundations of cultural studies and sociological perspectives more generally. Building on the arguments of his earlier book Sounds and society, the author initially contrasts text-based attempts to develop a ‘social’ analysis of music with sociological studies of musical activities in real cultural and institutional contexts. It is argued that the difficulties encountered by some of the ‘new’ musicologists in their efforts to introduce a social dimension to their work are often a result of their unfamiliarity with contemporary sociological discourse. Just as linguistic studies have moved from a concern with the meaning of words to a focus on how they are used, a sociological perspective directs our attention towards the ways in which the production and reception of music inevitably involve the collaborative activities of real people in particular times and places. The social meanings and significance of music, therefore, cannot be disclosed by analysis of the ‘texts’ alone, but only through the examination of the ways in which music is a constituent part of real social settings. This theme is developed through discussions of music in relation to processes of social stratification, the collaborative activities of improvising musicians, music as language, music as a ‘cultural object’ and music in everyday social situations.
Madeleine Yue Dong
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520230507
- eISBN:
- 9780520927636
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520230507.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter focuses on a sociological analysis of the urban ills of Republican Beijing. It describes some of the serious problems facing Republican Beijing–including poverty, prostitution, and ...
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This chapter focuses on a sociological analysis of the urban ills of Republican Beijing. It describes some of the serious problems facing Republican Beijing–including poverty, prostitution, and crime–and suggests that the sociological studies of Republican Beijing were just products of a specific knowledge system. The chapter explains that when sociologists were confronted with the reality of life in Beijing, the discrepancies between their disciplinary framework and its explanatory power were exposed.Less
This chapter focuses on a sociological analysis of the urban ills of Republican Beijing. It describes some of the serious problems facing Republican Beijing–including poverty, prostitution, and crime–and suggests that the sociological studies of Republican Beijing were just products of a specific knowledge system. The chapter explains that when sociologists were confronted with the reality of life in Beijing, the discrepancies between their disciplinary framework and its explanatory power were exposed.
Vladimir Rys
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847426413
- eISBN:
- 9781447303176
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847426413.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
This chapter provides a brief overview of the history of the sociology of social security. The first section is concerned with the beginning of social security, which involves the various congresses ...
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This chapter provides a brief overview of the history of the sociology of social security. The first section is concerned with the beginning of social security, which involves the various congresses and meetings that were held in relation to social security. This is followed by a discussion on the next noticeable revival of the interest in the sociology of social security, which was during the 1980s. The chapter ends with a review of the sociological studies of social policy and welfare.Less
This chapter provides a brief overview of the history of the sociology of social security. The first section is concerned with the beginning of social security, which involves the various congresses and meetings that were held in relation to social security. This is followed by a discussion on the next noticeable revival of the interest in the sociology of social security, which was during the 1980s. The chapter ends with a review of the sociological studies of social policy and welfare.
James W. Laine
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195141269
- eISBN:
- 9780199849543
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195141269.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
During the period of Bristish colonization, the British considered the political and cultural affairs of the nation in their concerns as they exiled the last peshwa and appointed a raja in 1818 ...
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During the period of Bristish colonization, the British considered the political and cultural affairs of the nation in their concerns as they exiled the last peshwa and appointed a raja in 1818 before actually attaining sovereign control in 1848. Because this period is dominated by British supervision, the versions of Shivaji's legend that were retold at this time reflected a consciousness of European culture and power in a way similar to how earlier explanations reflected the Islamicate context. This chapter seeks to understand how the Shivaji legend contains an underlying nationalist discourse by looking into the sociological study of the common themes observed from the legend and in the actual places where events of Shivaji's life are remembered.Less
During the period of Bristish colonization, the British considered the political and cultural affairs of the nation in their concerns as they exiled the last peshwa and appointed a raja in 1818 before actually attaining sovereign control in 1848. Because this period is dominated by British supervision, the versions of Shivaji's legend that were retold at this time reflected a consciousness of European culture and power in a way similar to how earlier explanations reflected the Islamicate context. This chapter seeks to understand how the Shivaji legend contains an underlying nationalist discourse by looking into the sociological study of the common themes observed from the legend and in the actual places where events of Shivaji's life are remembered.
Courtney Bender, Wendy Cadge, Peggy Levitt, and David Smilde
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199938629
- eISBN:
- 9780199980758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199938629.003.0014
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The goal of this book has been to highlight a new generation of scholarship on religion that carries older lines of critique forward and to showcase interests that have grown at the edges of the ...
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The goal of this book has been to highlight a new generation of scholarship on religion that carries older lines of critique forward and to showcase interests that have grown at the edges of the discipline. This scholarship articulates the challenges to the traditional center of the sociological study of religion and brings to the fore the important new ways in which studies of religion are coalescing around a different set of questions and concerns. While the introduction mapped out the critiques and challenges that working at the edges pose, this concluding chapter briefly, and somewhat speculatively, proposes the parameters and projects that it promotes—the intellectual moves that it implies.Less
The goal of this book has been to highlight a new generation of scholarship on religion that carries older lines of critique forward and to showcase interests that have grown at the edges of the discipline. This scholarship articulates the challenges to the traditional center of the sociological study of religion and brings to the fore the important new ways in which studies of religion are coalescing around a different set of questions and concerns. While the introduction mapped out the critiques and challenges that working at the edges pose, this concluding chapter briefly, and somewhat speculatively, proposes the parameters and projects that it promotes—the intellectual moves that it implies.
Barbara Townley, Philip Roscoe, and Nicola Searle
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198795285
- eISBN:
- 9780191836572
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198795285.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
Creativity is at the vanguard of contemporary capitalism, valorized as a form of capital in its own right. It is the centrepiece of the vaunted ‘creative economy’, and within the latter, the creative ...
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Creativity is at the vanguard of contemporary capitalism, valorized as a form of capital in its own right. It is the centrepiece of the vaunted ‘creative economy’, and within the latter, the creative industries. But what is economic about creativity? How can creative labour become the basis for a distinctive global industry? And how has the solitary artist, a figment of Romantic thought, become the creative entrepreneur of twenty-first-century economic imagining? Such questions have long provoked scholars interested in economics, sociology, management and law. This book offers a fresh approach to the theoretical problems of cultural economy, through a focus on intellectual property (IP) within the creative industries. IP and its associated rights (IPR) are followed as they journey through the creative economy, creating a hybrid IP/IPR that shapes creative products and configures the economic agency of creative producers. The book argues that IP/IPR is the central mechanism in organizing the market for creative goods, helping to manage risk, settle what is valuable, extract revenues, and protect future profits.. Most importantly, IP/IPR is crucial in the dialectic between symbolic and economic value on which the creative industries depend: IP/IPR hold the creative industries together. The book is based on a detailed empirical study of creative producers in the UK, extending sociological studies of markets to an analysis of the UK’s creative industries. It makes an important, empirically grounded contribution to debates around creativity, entrepreneurship, and precarity in creative industries and will be of interest to scholars and policymakers alike.Less
Creativity is at the vanguard of contemporary capitalism, valorized as a form of capital in its own right. It is the centrepiece of the vaunted ‘creative economy’, and within the latter, the creative industries. But what is economic about creativity? How can creative labour become the basis for a distinctive global industry? And how has the solitary artist, a figment of Romantic thought, become the creative entrepreneur of twenty-first-century economic imagining? Such questions have long provoked scholars interested in economics, sociology, management and law. This book offers a fresh approach to the theoretical problems of cultural economy, through a focus on intellectual property (IP) within the creative industries. IP and its associated rights (IPR) are followed as they journey through the creative economy, creating a hybrid IP/IPR that shapes creative products and configures the economic agency of creative producers. The book argues that IP/IPR is the central mechanism in organizing the market for creative goods, helping to manage risk, settle what is valuable, extract revenues, and protect future profits.. Most importantly, IP/IPR is crucial in the dialectic between symbolic and economic value on which the creative industries depend: IP/IPR hold the creative industries together. The book is based on a detailed empirical study of creative producers in the UK, extending sociological studies of markets to an analysis of the UK’s creative industries. It makes an important, empirically grounded contribution to debates around creativity, entrepreneurship, and precarity in creative industries and will be of interest to scholars and policymakers alike.
Abigail C. Saguy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300098006
- eISBN:
- 9780300135305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300098006.003.0035
- Subject:
- Law, Employment Law
This chapter addresses the issue of how sexual harassment has traveled across national boundaries, in the case of France, drawing on a cross-national sociological study of how sexual harassment has ...
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This chapter addresses the issue of how sexual harassment has traveled across national boundaries, in the case of France, drawing on a cross-national sociological study of how sexual harassment has been defined in the United States and France. It describes sexual harassment law in action, drawing primarily from twenty in-depth interviews, conducted in 1996 and 1997, with ten French and ten American lawyers who have worked in the area of sexual harassment. The argument is further informed by an additional forty in-depth interviews, conducted between 1995 and 2000, with French and American activists, public figures, human resource personnel, and union activists; legal analysis of statutes and jurisprudence in the two countries; content analysis of more than six hundred articles published in the American and French popular press from 1975 to 2000; and twenty-three brief telephone interviews conducted during the summer of 1997 with the human resource or personnel departments in French corporate workplaces.Less
This chapter addresses the issue of how sexual harassment has traveled across national boundaries, in the case of France, drawing on a cross-national sociological study of how sexual harassment has been defined in the United States and France. It describes sexual harassment law in action, drawing primarily from twenty in-depth interviews, conducted in 1996 and 1997, with ten French and ten American lawyers who have worked in the area of sexual harassment. The argument is further informed by an additional forty in-depth interviews, conducted between 1995 and 2000, with French and American activists, public figures, human resource personnel, and union activists; legal analysis of statutes and jurisprudence in the two countries; content analysis of more than six hundred articles published in the American and French popular press from 1975 to 2000; and twenty-three brief telephone interviews conducted during the summer of 1997 with the human resource or personnel departments in French corporate workplaces.
