Salvador Carmona and Mahmoud Ezzamel
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199546350
- eISBN:
- 9780191720048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546350.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
The theorization of space in social sciences has made considerable progress in the last decades. Yet, there appears to be remarkably little interest in exploring the relationship between accounting ...
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The theorization of space in social sciences has made considerable progress in the last decades. Yet, there appears to be remarkably little interest in exploring the relationship between accounting and space. This chapter argues the case for studying the relationship between accounting and social space, which has held considerable promise as a theoretical framing and a heuristic for studying the differentiation of groups in the social world. In this respect, the chapter addresses a number of research implications in relation to accounting inscriptions and social space, accounting for individual capital, and accounting and the objectification and domination of space. Furthermore, the chapter explores some possible future research opportunities concerning the processes of social space: the roles that accounting can play in underpinning cognitive spacing, the connection between accounting and moral spacing, and the extent to which accounting can underpin aesthetic spacing.Less
The theorization of space in social sciences has made considerable progress in the last decades. Yet, there appears to be remarkably little interest in exploring the relationship between accounting and space. This chapter argues the case for studying the relationship between accounting and social space, which has held considerable promise as a theoretical framing and a heuristic for studying the differentiation of groups in the social world. In this respect, the chapter addresses a number of research implications in relation to accounting inscriptions and social space, accounting for individual capital, and accounting and the objectification and domination of space. Furthermore, the chapter explores some possible future research opportunities concerning the processes of social space: the roles that accounting can play in underpinning cognitive spacing, the connection between accounting and moral spacing, and the extent to which accounting can underpin aesthetic spacing.
Alec Stone Sweet, Neil Fligstein, and Wayne Sandholtz
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199247967
- eISBN:
- 9780191601088
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019924796X.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
This introductory chapter starts by summarizing the main conclusions of the earlier companion volume (European Integration and Supranational Governance), and describes the current volume as focusing ...
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This introductory chapter starts by summarizing the main conclusions of the earlier companion volume (European Integration and Supranational Governance), and describes the current volume as focusing on the institutionalism of Europe per se, rather than the question of how supranational arenas emerged and were institutionalized. It looks at the sources and consequences of institutionalization, i.e. the process through which European political space – supranational policy arenas or sites of governance, structured by European Union (EU) rules, procedures, and the activities of the EU’s organizations – has evolved. The five main sections of the chapter look at the institutionalist challenge, discuss institutions and institutionalization (institutional change, social and political space, institutions in relation to power, and rule-making and legitimacy), attempt to explain institutional change in the European Union (examining institutional innovation and its assessment), provide a brief overview of the book, and offer conclusions on the dynamics of institutionalization and the future of the European Union. The next nine chapters of the book are described as falling into three groups: the first set addresses the processes of institutionalization (Chs 2–4); the second set explores how specific European policy spaces have emerged, mutated, and stabilized through ‘endogenous’ processes of institutionalization (Chs 5–7); and the third set is concerned with the processes of institutional innovation – the creation of new policy spaces (Chs 8–10). A final chapter concludes by discussing the institutional logic of integration.Less
This introductory chapter starts by summarizing the main conclusions of the earlier companion volume (European Integration and Supranational Governance), and describes the current volume as focusing on the institutionalism of Europe per se, rather than the question of how supranational arenas emerged and were institutionalized. It looks at the sources and consequences of institutionalization, i.e. the process through which European political space – supranational policy arenas or sites of governance, structured by European Union (EU) rules, procedures, and the activities of the EU’s organizations – has evolved. The five main sections of the chapter look at the institutionalist challenge, discuss institutions and institutionalization (institutional change, social and political space, institutions in relation to power, and rule-making and legitimacy), attempt to explain institutional change in the European Union (examining institutional innovation and its assessment), provide a brief overview of the book, and offer conclusions on the dynamics of institutionalization and the future of the European Union. The next nine chapters of the book are described as falling into three groups: the first set addresses the processes of institutionalization (Chs 2–4); the second set explores how specific European policy spaces have emerged, mutated, and stabilized through ‘endogenous’ processes of institutionalization (Chs 5–7); and the third set is concerned with the processes of institutional innovation – the creation of new policy spaces (Chs 8–10). A final chapter concludes by discussing the institutional logic of integration.
Donald Black
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199737147
- eISBN:
- 9780199944002
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199737147.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
This chapter considers a theory of why conflict occurs, and why some conflicts are worse than others. It also explains what is wrong, whether according to law, ethics, etiquette, or other rules. ...
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This chapter considers a theory of why conflict occurs, and why some conflicts are worse than others. It also explains what is wrong, whether according to law, ethics, etiquette, or other rules. Central to the theory is a new concept of social time—a distinctively and purely sociological form of time: Social time is the dynamic dimension of social space. Social space constantly fluctuates, and every fluctuation is a movement of social time. These fluctuations cause clashes of right and wrong. Conflict occurs throughout the social universe. It is inevitable and inescapable. People consider conflict a problem, and try to minimize it as much as possible. However, conflict is ubiquitous because the movement of social time is ubiquitous, and it is inevitable because the movement of social time is inevitable. Every conflict is itself a movement of social time, and conflict therefore causes more conflict. Social time is moral time.Less
This chapter considers a theory of why conflict occurs, and why some conflicts are worse than others. It also explains what is wrong, whether according to law, ethics, etiquette, or other rules. Central to the theory is a new concept of social time—a distinctively and purely sociological form of time: Social time is the dynamic dimension of social space. Social space constantly fluctuates, and every fluctuation is a movement of social time. These fluctuations cause clashes of right and wrong. Conflict occurs throughout the social universe. It is inevitable and inescapable. People consider conflict a problem, and try to minimize it as much as possible. However, conflict is ubiquitous because the movement of social time is ubiquitous, and it is inevitable because the movement of social time is inevitable. Every conflict is itself a movement of social time, and conflict therefore causes more conflict. Social time is moral time.
Thomas Faist
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198293910
- eISBN:
- 9780191685002
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198293910.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book provides a theoretical account of the causes, nature, and extent of the movement of international South-North migrants between affluent and poorer countries. The puzzle is: why are there so ...
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This book provides a theoretical account of the causes, nature, and extent of the movement of international South-North migrants between affluent and poorer countries. The puzzle is: why are there so few international migrants out of most places? And why are there so many out of so few places? Only once migration out of a few places has started do we see relatively more people moving. Mass mobility proceeds only when migrant networks turn local assets into transnational ones. The book also examines the reasons why many immigrants continue to keep ties to their places of origin, and why these ties do not hinder the adaptation of newcomers to immigration countries. These ties span immigration and emigration countries and form transnational social spaces, ranging from border-crossing families to refuges and diasporas. Transnational social formations carry far-reaching implications for immigration adaptation, dual citizenship, and transnationalising civil societies. This book provides an empirical grounding for the arguments it presents by analysing the Turkish-German example.Less
This book provides a theoretical account of the causes, nature, and extent of the movement of international South-North migrants between affluent and poorer countries. The puzzle is: why are there so few international migrants out of most places? And why are there so many out of so few places? Only once migration out of a few places has started do we see relatively more people moving. Mass mobility proceeds only when migrant networks turn local assets into transnational ones. The book also examines the reasons why many immigrants continue to keep ties to their places of origin, and why these ties do not hinder the adaptation of newcomers to immigration countries. These ties span immigration and emigration countries and form transnational social spaces, ranging from border-crossing families to refuges and diasporas. Transnational social formations carry far-reaching implications for immigration adaptation, dual citizenship, and transnationalising civil societies. This book provides an empirical grounding for the arguments it presents by analysing the Turkish-German example.
Douglas V. Porpora
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195134919
- eISBN:
- 9780199834563
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195134915.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Against postmodern antihumanism, this chapter argues that human persons are ontologically coherent selves. Coherence of identity only emerges, however, when we lift our gaze from social space to ...
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Against postmodern antihumanism, this chapter argues that human persons are ontologically coherent selves. Coherence of identity only emerges, however, when we lift our gaze from social space to moral space and metaphysical space.Less
Against postmodern antihumanism, this chapter argues that human persons are ontologically coherent selves. Coherence of identity only emerges, however, when we lift our gaze from social space to moral space and metaphysical space.
Thomas Faist
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198293910
- eISBN:
- 9780191685002
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198293910.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The interests, passions, and ideas undergirding and the resources inherent in social and symbolic ties can traverse nation-state borders for decades. As seen, migrant and migration networks help ...
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The interests, passions, and ideas undergirding and the resources inherent in social and symbolic ties can traverse nation-state borders for decades. As seen, migrant and migration networks help sustain international migration, even superseding initiating factors. They explain the quantitative leap from ‘why so few out of so many places?’ to ‘why so many out of so few places?’. These processes of critical mass also induce a qualitative leap: transnational networks precipitate full-fledged transnationalisation, predisposing locally bound social spaces to further border-crossing transitions. Several examples point towards circular, regular, and sustained flows of persons, goods, information, and symbols that has been triggered and reinforced by international labour migration and refugee movements. These spaces of flows include not only the bodily circulation of people but also multiple transactions of ideas, monetary resources, goods, symbols, and cultural practices.Less
The interests, passions, and ideas undergirding and the resources inherent in social and symbolic ties can traverse nation-state borders for decades. As seen, migrant and migration networks help sustain international migration, even superseding initiating factors. They explain the quantitative leap from ‘why so few out of so many places?’ to ‘why so many out of so few places?’. These processes of critical mass also induce a qualitative leap: transnational networks precipitate full-fledged transnationalisation, predisposing locally bound social spaces to further border-crossing transitions. Several examples point towards circular, regular, and sustained flows of persons, goods, information, and symbols that has been triggered and reinforced by international labour migration and refugee movements. These spaces of flows include not only the bodily circulation of people but also multiple transactions of ideas, monetary resources, goods, symbols, and cultural practices.
Donald Black
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199737147
- eISBN:
- 9780199944002
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199737147.003.0014
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
Social stratification is the vertical dimension of social space. Commonly known as inequality, it includes any difference in social status in any relationship, whether a difference in wealth, power, ...
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Social stratification is the vertical dimension of social space. Commonly known as inequality, it includes any difference in social status in any relationship, whether a difference in wealth, power, or performance. Some societies have little or no inequality, while others (such as ancient civilizations) have a great deal. Vertical time is the dynamic dimension of vertical space. Vertical distances fluctuate in smaller and larger amounts, slowly and quickly. Life has its ups and downs, such as gains and losses of money, authority, or anything else that raises or lowers one person or group above or below another. Movements of vertical time also include various forms of good and bad fortune, such as inheritances, stock market crashes, accidents, diseases, and disasters. An increase in inequality is overstratification, and a decrease is understratification. Both cause conflict, and greater and faster movements cause more.Less
Social stratification is the vertical dimension of social space. Commonly known as inequality, it includes any difference in social status in any relationship, whether a difference in wealth, power, or performance. Some societies have little or no inequality, while others (such as ancient civilizations) have a great deal. Vertical time is the dynamic dimension of vertical space. Vertical distances fluctuate in smaller and larger amounts, slowly and quickly. Life has its ups and downs, such as gains and losses of money, authority, or anything else that raises or lowers one person or group above or below another. Movements of vertical time also include various forms of good and bad fortune, such as inheritances, stock market crashes, accidents, diseases, and disasters. An increase in inequality is overstratification, and a decrease is understratification. Both cause conflict, and greater and faster movements cause more.
Thomas Faist
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198293910
- eISBN:
- 9780191685002
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198293910.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The empirical evidence that have been encountered suggests that transnational ties do indeed coexist with continuing immigrant adaptation. Initially, this had led the readers to the second puzzle ...
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The empirical evidence that have been encountered suggests that transnational ties do indeed coexist with continuing immigrant adaptation. Initially, this had led the readers to the second puzzle guiding this study: How can one explain that the formation of transnational social spaces and unfolding immigration adaptation proceed simultaneously? Findings, crystallising in this puzzle, flatly contradict known theories of immigrant adaptation. The objection regarding concomitant transnationalisation and immigrant adaptation is: the more transnational or multifocal ties immigrants entertain, the greater their ambivalence towards the immigration policy, the weaker the roots in the nation-state of settlement, the stronger the incentives to form a transnational community, the bolder the claim to a diaspora, the greater the tendency on the part of natives to question the allegiance of the newcomers, and, finally, the weaker the inclination of immigrants to adapt in the country of destination.Less
The empirical evidence that have been encountered suggests that transnational ties do indeed coexist with continuing immigrant adaptation. Initially, this had led the readers to the second puzzle guiding this study: How can one explain that the formation of transnational social spaces and unfolding immigration adaptation proceed simultaneously? Findings, crystallising in this puzzle, flatly contradict known theories of immigrant adaptation. The objection regarding concomitant transnationalisation and immigrant adaptation is: the more transnational or multifocal ties immigrants entertain, the greater their ambivalence towards the immigration policy, the weaker the roots in the nation-state of settlement, the stronger the incentives to form a transnational community, the bolder the claim to a diaspora, the greater the tendency on the part of natives to question the allegiance of the newcomers, and, finally, the weaker the inclination of immigrants to adapt in the country of destination.
Hugh Grady
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198130048
- eISBN:
- 9780191671906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198130048.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
As You Like It, written and performed sometime between 1598 and 1600, is a genial comedy with an uncanny similarity to King Lear in ...
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As You Like It, written and performed sometime between 1598 and 1600, is a genial comedy with an uncanny similarity to King Lear in structure and themes. The resemblance is based on the depiction by both plays of the division of families and the disruption of the polity as a reified power establishes itself at the expense of the customary bonds of traditional culture. Refugees from the disrupted world react through communal solidarity to create a social space as an alternative to that of reified power; in this utopian space eros functions, however, not as a metonymy-metaphor for reification, but as a social force creative of community. Both plays may also be linked to a social subtext constituted by the rioting against enclosure in the Midlands (the area including William Shakespeare's Warwickshire) in the 1590s. Robert Wilson argues that As You Like It, with its depiction of social transformation, hunger, and the woodlands as a sanctuary, is the Shakespearean text most marked by consciousness of the famines, riots, and disorders that swept over the English Midlands, with King Lear offering more generalized allusions to the same events.Less
As You Like It, written and performed sometime between 1598 and 1600, is a genial comedy with an uncanny similarity to King Lear in structure and themes. The resemblance is based on the depiction by both plays of the division of families and the disruption of the polity as a reified power establishes itself at the expense of the customary bonds of traditional culture. Refugees from the disrupted world react through communal solidarity to create a social space as an alternative to that of reified power; in this utopian space eros functions, however, not as a metonymy-metaphor for reification, but as a social force creative of community. Both plays may also be linked to a social subtext constituted by the rioting against enclosure in the Midlands (the area including William Shakespeare's Warwickshire) in the 1590s. Robert Wilson argues that As You Like It, with its depiction of social transformation, hunger, and the woodlands as a sanctuary, is the Shakespearean text most marked by consciousness of the famines, riots, and disorders that swept over the English Midlands, with King Lear offering more generalized allusions to the same events.
Jonathan Boyarin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520079557
- eISBN:
- 9780520913431
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520079557.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
“Reading” in ancient Jewish culture signifies an act that is oral, social, and collective, and, in Europe, one which belongs to a private or semiprivate social space. By studying the structure of the ...
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“Reading” in ancient Jewish culture signifies an act that is oral, social, and collective, and, in Europe, one which belongs to a private or semiprivate social space. By studying the structure of the semantic affinities and fields of the Hebrew words for “reading,” this chapter aims to show that they do not belong to the same lexical categorization of practices that reading does in modern European culture. It analyzes biblical narrative texts that describe scenes of reading; the descriptions of practice coincide with the semantics of the words involved.Less
“Reading” in ancient Jewish culture signifies an act that is oral, social, and collective, and, in Europe, one which belongs to a private or semiprivate social space. By studying the structure of the semantic affinities and fields of the Hebrew words for “reading,” this chapter aims to show that they do not belong to the same lexical categorization of practices that reading does in modern European culture. It analyzes biblical narrative texts that describe scenes of reading; the descriptions of practice coincide with the semantics of the words involved.
Claudio Lomnitz-Adler
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520077881
- eISBN:
- 9780520912472
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520077881.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter proposes a terminology and conceptual framework for studying culture in internally differentiated regional spaces. It develops a notion of regional culture as culture in power-regions, ...
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This chapter proposes a terminology and conceptual framework for studying culture in internally differentiated regional spaces. It develops a notion of regional culture as culture in power-regions, and illustrates five concepts: “intimate culture,” “culture of social relations,” “localist ideology,” “coherence,” and “mestizaje.” It reviews key areas for the ethnographic description of regional culture and hegemony. It is shown that there are internal contradictions involved in the organization of social space. The spatial structure of sign distribution is linked to the general economic regional structures in which sign transmission occurs. The manipulation of national mythology and the construction of frames and idioms of interaction between cultural groups are elaborated. Three major dimensions of the analysis have been the economy of sign transmission and distribution, the regional political economy of class and its implications for the spatial analysis of meaning, and the ways in which dominant discourses help organize social space.Less
This chapter proposes a terminology and conceptual framework for studying culture in internally differentiated regional spaces. It develops a notion of regional culture as culture in power-regions, and illustrates five concepts: “intimate culture,” “culture of social relations,” “localist ideology,” “coherence,” and “mestizaje.” It reviews key areas for the ethnographic description of regional culture and hegemony. It is shown that there are internal contradictions involved in the organization of social space. The spatial structure of sign distribution is linked to the general economic regional structures in which sign transmission occurs. The manipulation of national mythology and the construction of frames and idioms of interaction between cultural groups are elaborated. Three major dimensions of the analysis have been the economy of sign transmission and distribution, the regional political economy of class and its implications for the spatial analysis of meaning, and the ways in which dominant discourses help organize social space.
Simon Jackman and Lynn Vavreck
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691151106
- eISBN:
- 9781400840304
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691151106.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter explores the political implications of differences in social space. The distinction between a “local” or “global” orientation systematically affects political behavior both within and ...
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This chapter explores the political implications of differences in social space. The distinction between a “local” or “global” orientation systematically affects political behavior both within and across parties. Borrowing a concept from 1950s sociology—but operationalizing it differently—this chapter demonstrates that “cosmopolitanism” affects vote choice and is not well measured by typical demographic or attitudinal controls routinely included in vote models. Further, the chapter shows that cosmopolitanism is not accounted for by mainstay geographic indicators such as the regional marker for South or non-South. Cosmopolitanism is a mix of attributes, local environment, and opportunity, and the means of taking advantage of those opportunities. But it is measured here through a series of behaviors (or self-reports of behaviors) that indicate the presence or absence of a cosmopolitan orientation.Less
This chapter explores the political implications of differences in social space. The distinction between a “local” or “global” orientation systematically affects political behavior both within and across parties. Borrowing a concept from 1950s sociology—but operationalizing it differently—this chapter demonstrates that “cosmopolitanism” affects vote choice and is not well measured by typical demographic or attitudinal controls routinely included in vote models. Further, the chapter shows that cosmopolitanism is not accounted for by mainstay geographic indicators such as the regional marker for South or non-South. Cosmopolitanism is a mix of attributes, local environment, and opportunity, and the means of taking advantage of those opportunities. But it is measured here through a series of behaviors (or self-reports of behaviors) that indicate the presence or absence of a cosmopolitan orientation.
Erik Harms
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816656059
- eISBN:
- 9781452946245
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816656059.003.0006
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter focuses on the Trans-Asia Highway project that seeks to create an economic windfall by clearing traffic congestion in and out of the city. It examines the particular role that roads play ...
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This chapter focuses on the Trans-Asia Highway project that seeks to create an economic windfall by clearing traffic congestion in and out of the city. It examines the particular role that roads play in Vietnamese social space. It discusses how roads in Vietnam have formed an important yet largely undertheorized element in the social organization of space that needs to be added to accounts of Vietnamese village morphology. The Trans-Asia Highway upgrade was directed by urban, regional, political, and economic planners; financed by the government and the Asian Development Bank; and supported at least ideally by large sectors of the population. However, the continuing expansion of the road demands the obliteration of the local space it has helped to produce.Less
This chapter focuses on the Trans-Asia Highway project that seeks to create an economic windfall by clearing traffic congestion in and out of the city. It examines the particular role that roads play in Vietnamese social space. It discusses how roads in Vietnam have formed an important yet largely undertheorized element in the social organization of space that needs to be added to accounts of Vietnamese village morphology. The Trans-Asia Highway upgrade was directed by urban, regional, political, and economic planners; financed by the government and the Asian Development Bank; and supported at least ideally by large sectors of the population. However, the continuing expansion of the road demands the obliteration of the local space it has helped to produce.
Nicolas Puig
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774162893
- eISBN:
- 9781617970269
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774162893.003.0020
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The suq al-musiqiyyin (the musicians' market) in Cairo refers to the social space of popular-class (sha'bi) urban music, the live music played at weddings but also at mulids (Sufi saint's festival). ...
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The suq al-musiqiyyin (the musicians' market) in Cairo refers to the social space of popular-class (sha'bi) urban music, the live music played at weddings but also at mulids (Sufi saint's festival). This is a vernacular genre that is defined in a distinctive realm of musical training, social affiliations, and professional practices. These musicians of the suq have developed a specific urban subculture concentrated in a few cafés of Muhammad 'Ali Street. However, these musicians are quite stigmatized by the rest of Cairo inhabitants as a group of outsiders with very low social status. Their presentation of musical styles or cultural promotions, results in the “folklorization” of rural music and the stigmatization of urban music and of popular-class musicians in general. It is this struggle for collective survival, recognition, and markets in a spatially fragmented and class-segmented city that this chapter discusses.Less
The suq al-musiqiyyin (the musicians' market) in Cairo refers to the social space of popular-class (sha'bi) urban music, the live music played at weddings but also at mulids (Sufi saint's festival). This is a vernacular genre that is defined in a distinctive realm of musical training, social affiliations, and professional practices. These musicians of the suq have developed a specific urban subculture concentrated in a few cafés of Muhammad 'Ali Street. However, these musicians are quite stigmatized by the rest of Cairo inhabitants as a group of outsiders with very low social status. Their presentation of musical styles or cultural promotions, results in the “folklorization” of rural music and the stigmatization of urban music and of popular-class musicians in general. It is this struggle for collective survival, recognition, and markets in a spatially fragmented and class-segmented city that this chapter discusses.
Tim Blackman
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346117
- eISBN:
- 9781447302971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346117.003.0002
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter discusses the complexity theory in relation to the concept of neighbourhood. It outlines the key ideas of this theory and explains the analysis of neighbourhoods and their wider ...
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This chapter discusses the complexity theory in relation to the concept of neighbourhood. It outlines the key ideas of this theory and explains the analysis of neighbourhoods and their wider environments as open, dynamic, and adaptive systems. The chapter attempts to link the complexity theory with Charles Ragin's qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method. It also discusses the interrelationships of social space and geographical space, and highlights the importance of understanding causal combinations as a basis for intervention.Less
This chapter discusses the complexity theory in relation to the concept of neighbourhood. It outlines the key ideas of this theory and explains the analysis of neighbourhoods and their wider environments as open, dynamic, and adaptive systems. The chapter attempts to link the complexity theory with Charles Ragin's qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method. It also discusses the interrelationships of social space and geographical space, and highlights the importance of understanding causal combinations as a basis for intervention.
Jon Mee
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199591749
- eISBN:
- 9780191731433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199591749.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This chapter introduces the key concepts of the book and offers an overview of the period covered. It argues that conversation does not necessarily work towards communion, but involves an element of ...
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This chapter introduces the key concepts of the book and offers an overview of the period covered. It argues that conversation does not necessarily work towards communion, but involves an element of risk and even conflict in the process of making meaning in language. These issues were a work in the assumptions of the eighteenth century conversational turn. The chapter addresses two influential critical approaches: the politeness paradigm and ‘rational-critical debate’ in Jurgen Habermas’s theory of the ‘bourgeois public sphere’. In the process it introduces some of the key tropes that governed the issues for the period, such as the idea of the ‘flow’ of conversation or the ‘collision’ between different points of view, indicating how these were often in tension. It ends by addressing the assumption that around 1800 there was a withdrawal from the mixed social spaces of eighteenth-century sociability. Two aspects of conversation stand out: the desire for reciprocal dialogue and the understanding of culture emerging out of the everyday worlds of its participants. These were often in conflict, with the desire for sympathetic understanding at odds with an idea of culture taking place within and between variously situated conversable worlds, but neither conclusively erased the other.Less
This chapter introduces the key concepts of the book and offers an overview of the period covered. It argues that conversation does not necessarily work towards communion, but involves an element of risk and even conflict in the process of making meaning in language. These issues were a work in the assumptions of the eighteenth century conversational turn. The chapter addresses two influential critical approaches: the politeness paradigm and ‘rational-critical debate’ in Jurgen Habermas’s theory of the ‘bourgeois public sphere’. In the process it introduces some of the key tropes that governed the issues for the period, such as the idea of the ‘flow’ of conversation or the ‘collision’ between different points of view, indicating how these were often in tension. It ends by addressing the assumption that around 1800 there was a withdrawal from the mixed social spaces of eighteenth-century sociability. Two aspects of conversation stand out: the desire for reciprocal dialogue and the understanding of culture emerging out of the everyday worlds of its participants. These were often in conflict, with the desire for sympathetic understanding at odds with an idea of culture taking place within and between variously situated conversable worlds, but neither conclusively erased the other.
Charlene E. Makley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520250598
- eISBN:
- 9780520940536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520250598.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter discusses Labrang within the broader cultural politics of mapping the difficult terrain of the Tibetan frontier zone, which can serve as a historical legacy of efforts to control the ...
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This chapter discusses Labrang within the broader cultural politics of mapping the difficult terrain of the Tibetan frontier zone, which can serve as a historical legacy of efforts to control the region against Tibetan men's resistance. It studies maps as types of representations of (social) space, and as situated assertions of ideal participation frameworks for masculine power and authority. Finally, the chapter considers the argument that the specifically tantric Buddhist processes of trulku embodiment crucially established the area as a Tibetan fatherland.Less
This chapter discusses Labrang within the broader cultural politics of mapping the difficult terrain of the Tibetan frontier zone, which can serve as a historical legacy of efforts to control the region against Tibetan men's resistance. It studies maps as types of representations of (social) space, and as situated assertions of ideal participation frameworks for masculine power and authority. Finally, the chapter considers the argument that the specifically tantric Buddhist processes of trulku embodiment crucially established the area as a Tibetan fatherland.
John J. Betancur and Janet L. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040504
- eISBN:
- 9780252098949
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040504.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This chapter examines prevailing approaches to the study of neighborhoods and neighborhood change, paying attention to how they help describe and explain as well as produce urban dynamics. It begins ...
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This chapter examines prevailing approaches to the study of neighborhoods and neighborhood change, paying attention to how they help describe and explain as well as produce urban dynamics. It begins with a chronological review of the early work of the Chicago School and subsequent theories it generated—filtering, life cycle, racial tipping, and revitalization—and the corresponding assumptions each makes about the cause of neighborhood change. It then discusses critical approaches that interpret neighborhood change in terms of the social relations of reproduction, capital accumulation, and control of surplus value. It also looks at the issue of community vs. commodity and the notion that neighborhoods are relatively homogeneous and occupied by a majority white, middle- or higher-income homeowners. It argues that both mainstream and critical frameworks not only homogenize neighborhood space in terms of class and race but also conflate the relationship between the physical place and the social space that leads to specific expectations for the site and its occupants. It shows that each variation in neighborhood change theories reproduced social norms about what constitutes a neighborhood.Less
This chapter examines prevailing approaches to the study of neighborhoods and neighborhood change, paying attention to how they help describe and explain as well as produce urban dynamics. It begins with a chronological review of the early work of the Chicago School and subsequent theories it generated—filtering, life cycle, racial tipping, and revitalization—and the corresponding assumptions each makes about the cause of neighborhood change. It then discusses critical approaches that interpret neighborhood change in terms of the social relations of reproduction, capital accumulation, and control of surplus value. It also looks at the issue of community vs. commodity and the notion that neighborhoods are relatively homogeneous and occupied by a majority white, middle- or higher-income homeowners. It argues that both mainstream and critical frameworks not only homogenize neighborhood space in terms of class and race but also conflate the relationship between the physical place and the social space that leads to specific expectations for the site and its occupants. It shows that each variation in neighborhood change theories reproduced social norms about what constitutes a neighborhood.
Randall Collins
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226303987
- eISBN:
- 9780226304007
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226304007.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
Social movements, when successful, are crescive, emergent phenomena. This chapter suggests that in order to understand the shape of their emergent and transient pathways across time, we need to ...
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Social movements, when successful, are crescive, emergent phenomena. This chapter suggests that in order to understand the shape of their emergent and transient pathways across time, we need to capture their emotional dynamics in a social attention space. Social movements operate inside a social attention space, which has room for only a limited number of participants; hence there is an implicit struggle to position oneself within this attention space. This process largely determines victory or defeat, as well as whether a movement can get off the ground at all and how long it will remain important.Less
Social movements, when successful, are crescive, emergent phenomena. This chapter suggests that in order to understand the shape of their emergent and transient pathways across time, we need to capture their emotional dynamics in a social attention space. Social movements operate inside a social attention space, which has room for only a limited number of participants; hence there is an implicit struggle to position oneself within this attention space. This process largely determines victory or defeat, as well as whether a movement can get off the ground at all and how long it will remain important.
Kelly E. Hayes
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520262645
- eISBN:
- 9780520949430
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520262645.003.0003
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Religion
This chapter discusses the historical emergence of the favela and its significance in the public imaginary shared by cariocas, as the inhabitants of Brazil's second largest metropolis are called. As ...
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This chapter discusses the historical emergence of the favela and its significance in the public imaginary shared by cariocas, as the inhabitants of Brazil's second largest metropolis are called. As one of the most visible manifestations of discrepancies in the distribution of economic and other forms of capital, the favela occupies a key place in the Rio de Janeiro's moral topography and serves as a symbolically resonant focal point for tensions surrounding these inequalities. Where outsiders manage their fears of the favela and its inhabitants by, among other things, rigorously avoiding these areas, those who live there must resort to other strategies. The chapter lays the foundation for an argument: in the context of a social-moral setting that is coded as illicit, stories and rituals dedicated to Pomba Gira posit an alternative moral topography that draws on familiar elements of social space but offers different possibilities for action and interpretation.Less
This chapter discusses the historical emergence of the favela and its significance in the public imaginary shared by cariocas, as the inhabitants of Brazil's second largest metropolis are called. As one of the most visible manifestations of discrepancies in the distribution of economic and other forms of capital, the favela occupies a key place in the Rio de Janeiro's moral topography and serves as a symbolically resonant focal point for tensions surrounding these inequalities. Where outsiders manage their fears of the favela and its inhabitants by, among other things, rigorously avoiding these areas, those who live there must resort to other strategies. The chapter lays the foundation for an argument: in the context of a social-moral setting that is coded as illicit, stories and rituals dedicated to Pomba Gira posit an alternative moral topography that draws on familiar elements of social space but offers different possibilities for action and interpretation.
