Katherine Marshall
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195323405
- eISBN:
- 9780199869237
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195323405.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Sikhism
This chapter focuses on religious involvement in the world of economic and social development. Here the large faith-inspired development organizations, including Catholic Caritas International, ...
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This chapter focuses on religious involvement in the world of economic and social development. Here the large faith-inspired development organizations, including Catholic Caritas International, Protestant World Vision, and Islamic Relief, have long combined an ethical commitment to serve the poor and disadvantaged with transnational activities. Churches and Islamic charities, and other religious networks, have sustained networks of schools and hospitals. The past two decades have seen broader and deeper engagement, as faith-inspired groups are increasingly moving beyond humanitarian relief, education, and the provision of health care into new issue areas such as women’s rights, human trafficking, and global warming.Less
This chapter focuses on religious involvement in the world of economic and social development. Here the large faith-inspired development organizations, including Catholic Caritas International, Protestant World Vision, and Islamic Relief, have long combined an ethical commitment to serve the poor and disadvantaged with transnational activities. Churches and Islamic charities, and other religious networks, have sustained networks of schools and hospitals. The past two decades have seen broader and deeper engagement, as faith-inspired groups are increasingly moving beyond humanitarian relief, education, and the provision of health care into new issue areas such as women’s rights, human trafficking, and global warming.
JAMES MIDGLEY
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
This chapter discusses the developmental approach to community social work practice. Although community organization and other forms of macro practice are usually associated with developmental ...
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This chapter discusses the developmental approach to community social work practice. Although community organization and other forms of macro practice are usually associated with developmental interventions, the author contends that conventional community practice approaches such as neighborhood building, social services planning and social action have not effectively utilized investments that address peoples’ material needs. Drawing on the experience of community development in the Global South and local economic development innovations in the United States, the chapter argues for a greater focus on economic projects that raise standards of living and address the problem of poverty and deprivation in poor communities.Less
This chapter discusses the developmental approach to community social work practice. Although community organization and other forms of macro practice are usually associated with developmental interventions, the author contends that conventional community practice approaches such as neighborhood building, social services planning and social action have not effectively utilized investments that address peoples’ material needs. Drawing on the experience of community development in the Global South and local economic development innovations in the United States, the chapter argues for a greater focus on economic projects that raise standards of living and address the problem of poverty and deprivation in poor communities.
James Midgley and Amy Conley (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
Developmental social work, which is also known as the social development approach to social work, emphasizes the role of social investment in professional practice. These investments meet the ...
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Developmental social work, which is also known as the social development approach to social work, emphasizes the role of social investment in professional practice. These investments meet the material needs of social work’s clients and facilitate their full integration into the social and economic life of the community. Developmental social workers believe that client strengths and capabilities need to be augmented with public resources and services if those served by the profession are to live productive and fulfilling lives. Although developmental social work is inspired by international innovations, particularly in the developing countries, the book shows that it also has relevance to the United States and other Western nations. It also contends that developmental social work practice is not confined to community organization or other macro-practice interventions, and that developmental ideas can be implemented in mainstream fields of social work practice such as child welfare, mental health, aging, social assistance and correctional social work. The editors and contributors to this book (most of whom are associated with the School of Social Welfare at the University of California, Berkeley) offer a highly original exposition of developmental social work theory and practice. They draw widely on innovative examples from the United States and other countries to show how developmental ideas can be implemented in everyday social work practice.Less
Developmental social work, which is also known as the social development approach to social work, emphasizes the role of social investment in professional practice. These investments meet the material needs of social work’s clients and facilitate their full integration into the social and economic life of the community. Developmental social workers believe that client strengths and capabilities need to be augmented with public resources and services if those served by the profession are to live productive and fulfilling lives. Although developmental social work is inspired by international innovations, particularly in the developing countries, the book shows that it also has relevance to the United States and other Western nations. It also contends that developmental social work practice is not confined to community organization or other macro-practice interventions, and that developmental ideas can be implemented in mainstream fields of social work practice such as child welfare, mental health, aging, social assistance and correctional social work. The editors and contributors to this book (most of whom are associated with the School of Social Welfare at the University of California, Berkeley) offer a highly original exposition of developmental social work theory and practice. They draw widely on innovative examples from the United States and other countries to show how developmental ideas can be implemented in everyday social work practice.
JAMES MIDGLEY
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
This chapter discusses the role of social work in addressing the problems of poverty through social assistance and related programs. When social work first emerged as a profession in the late 19th ...
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This chapter discusses the role of social work in addressing the problems of poverty through social assistance and related programs. When social work first emerged as a profession in the late 19th century and for many years after, social workers were actively involved in poverty alleviation and social assistance programs. During the New Deal for example, social workers in the United States participated extensively in the administration of public assistance. However, in the latter half of the 20th century, they disengaged from programs of this kind and much more emphasis was placed on psychotherapeutic interventions. This chapter argues that social workers have a key role to play in formulating and implementing social assistance programs designed to reduce poverty. Several international examples are given to illustrate this point. It also shows that these programs can be configured in ways that replace minimalist, Poor Law type of cash transfers and enhance investments.Less
This chapter discusses the role of social work in addressing the problems of poverty through social assistance and related programs. When social work first emerged as a profession in the late 19th century and for many years after, social workers were actively involved in poverty alleviation and social assistance programs. During the New Deal for example, social workers in the United States participated extensively in the administration of public assistance. However, in the latter half of the 20th century, they disengaged from programs of this kind and much more emphasis was placed on psychotherapeutic interventions. This chapter argues that social workers have a key role to play in formulating and implementing social assistance programs designed to reduce poverty. Several international examples are given to illustrate this point. It also shows that these programs can be configured in ways that replace minimalist, Poor Law type of cash transfers and enhance investments.
KRISTIN FERGUSON
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0008
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
Traditional service delivery for homeless youths consists of residential as well as outreach and shelter services. Although traditional services aim to mitigate the health, mental health, and social ...
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Traditional service delivery for homeless youths consists of residential as well as outreach and shelter services. Although traditional services aim to mitigate the health, mental health, and social problems of homeless youths, this approach fails to replace their street-survival behaviors with other legal, income-generating activities. Due to its focus on meeting these youths’ basic needs, traditional service provision reflects the remedial or maintenance-consumption approach to social work. In the case of homeless youths, successful strategies to move them from the informal to the formal economy require more than employment in low-paying positions, since their formal labor-market participation is often hindered by the challenges inherent in living on the streets. This chapter describes existing social investment strategies for homeless youths and suggests that through social enterprises, these youths can acquire vocational and business skills, mentorship, clinical treatment, and linkages to services to facilitate their economic and social self-sufficiency.Less
Traditional service delivery for homeless youths consists of residential as well as outreach and shelter services. Although traditional services aim to mitigate the health, mental health, and social problems of homeless youths, this approach fails to replace their street-survival behaviors with other legal, income-generating activities. Due to its focus on meeting these youths’ basic needs, traditional service provision reflects the remedial or maintenance-consumption approach to social work. In the case of homeless youths, successful strategies to move them from the informal to the formal economy require more than employment in low-paying positions, since their formal labor-market participation is often hindered by the challenges inherent in living on the streets. This chapter describes existing social investment strategies for homeless youths and suggests that through social enterprises, these youths can acquire vocational and business skills, mentorship, clinical treatment, and linkages to services to facilitate their economic and social self-sufficiency.
Keith Somerville
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198295518
- eISBN:
- 9780191599217
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198295510.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The end of the cold war removed what Acharya (in Ch. 4) has called a 'structural element in the international framework facing the developing countries’, i.e. the global competition between the ...
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The end of the cold war removed what Acharya (in Ch. 4) has called a 'structural element in the international framework facing the developing countries’, i.e. the global competition between the superpowers and the consequent search for allies/proxies in the developing world. But the end of competition meant a decisive change in Western policy towards developing countries, particularly the poorest of the poor in Africa: they could no longer expect to be able to use their strategic position, mineral resources, or political support in regional conflicts as bargaining chips with the superpowers. Against the background of these structural changes the effects are examined of the end of the cold war on three specific areas, which profoundly effect Africa's current political, economic, and social development: (1) the international environment within which African states operate; (2) the effects of structural change in this environment on the evolution of African political systems; and (3) the consequences of the changes for continental and regional security and the prevention or solution of regional conflicts.Less
The end of the cold war removed what Acharya (in Ch. 4) has called a 'structural element in the international framework facing the developing countries’, i.e. the global competition between the superpowers and the consequent search for allies/proxies in the developing world. But the end of competition meant a decisive change in Western policy towards developing countries, particularly the poorest of the poor in Africa: they could no longer expect to be able to use their strategic position, mineral resources, or political support in regional conflicts as bargaining chips with the superpowers. Against the background of these structural changes the effects are examined of the end of the cold war on three specific areas, which profoundly effect Africa's current political, economic, and social development: (1) the international environment within which African states operate; (2) the effects of structural change in this environment on the evolution of African political systems; and (3) the consequences of the changes for continental and regional security and the prevention or solution of regional conflicts.
AMY CONLEY
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
The American child welfare system has traditionally taken a residual approach to serving families, intervening only in the worst cases of child maltreatment. A number of scathing indictments have ...
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The American child welfare system has traditionally taken a residual approach to serving families, intervening only in the worst cases of child maltreatment. A number of scathing indictments have been leveled against the traditional American child welfare system, suggesting that new ideas are needed to better meet the needs of children and families. By contrast, a social development approach enhances the capacities of parents and communities to care for children and addresses the problem of poverty, which is endemic to child maltreatment. This chapter first describes conventional child welfare practices and then compares them to a social development approach. While the social development approach to child welfare is still being formulated, potential strategies can be drawn from American and international experiences in child care and family support. These consist of linking child welfare practice with building community capacity, improving economic self-sufficiency, and promoting early child care and development.Less
The American child welfare system has traditionally taken a residual approach to serving families, intervening only in the worst cases of child maltreatment. A number of scathing indictments have been leveled against the traditional American child welfare system, suggesting that new ideas are needed to better meet the needs of children and families. By contrast, a social development approach enhances the capacities of parents and communities to care for children and addresses the problem of poverty, which is endemic to child maltreatment. This chapter first describes conventional child welfare practices and then compares them to a social development approach. While the social development approach to child welfare is still being formulated, potential strategies can be drawn from American and international experiences in child care and family support. These consist of linking child welfare practice with building community capacity, improving economic self-sufficiency, and promoting early child care and development.
JAMES MIDGLEY and AMY CONLEY
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0010
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
This chapter draws the previous material together, recognizing that there are limitations to the developmental approach in social work but also that this approach has much future promise particularly ...
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This chapter draws the previous material together, recognizing that there are limitations to the developmental approach in social work but also that this approach has much future promise particularly in the context of economic challenges and resource constraints. It argues that social workers can use investment strategies in professional practice to promote the participation of social work’s clients in normal community life and in the productive economy, and in this way, contribute positively their long term well-being. The developmental approach is highly compatible with social work’s historical values and commitment to achieving social justice and human rights.Less
This chapter draws the previous material together, recognizing that there are limitations to the developmental approach in social work but also that this approach has much future promise particularly in the context of economic challenges and resource constraints. It argues that social workers can use investment strategies in professional practice to promote the participation of social work’s clients in normal community life and in the productive economy, and in this way, contribute positively their long term well-being. The developmental approach is highly compatible with social work’s historical values and commitment to achieving social justice and human rights.
Bryan Sokol, Ulrich Muller, Jeremy Carpendale, Arlene Young, and Grace Iarocci (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195327694
- eISBN:
- 9780199776962
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327694.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Developmental Psychology
New research on children's executive functioning and self-regulation has begun to reveal important connections to their developing social understanding (or “theories of mind”) and emotional ...
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New research on children's executive functioning and self-regulation has begun to reveal important connections to their developing social understanding (or “theories of mind”) and emotional competence. The exact nature of the relations between these aspects of children's social and emotional development is, however, far from being fully understood. Considerable disagreement has emerged, for instance, over the question of whether executive functioning facilitates social-emotional understanding, or vice versa. Recent studies linking the development of children's social understanding with aspects of their interpersonal relationships also raise concerns about the particular role that social interaction plays in the development of executive function. Three key questions currently drive this debate: Does social interaction play a role in the development of executive function or, more generally, self-regulation? If it does play a role, what forms of social interaction facilitate the development of executive function? Do different patterns of interpersonal experience differentially affect the development of self-regulation and social understanding? In this book, the contributors address these questions and explore other emerging theoretical and empirical links between self-regulation, social interaction, and children's psycho-social competence. It will be a valuable resource for student and professional researchers interested in executive function, emotion, and social development.Less
New research on children's executive functioning and self-regulation has begun to reveal important connections to their developing social understanding (or “theories of mind”) and emotional competence. The exact nature of the relations between these aspects of children's social and emotional development is, however, far from being fully understood. Considerable disagreement has emerged, for instance, over the question of whether executive functioning facilitates social-emotional understanding, or vice versa. Recent studies linking the development of children's social understanding with aspects of their interpersonal relationships also raise concerns about the particular role that social interaction plays in the development of executive function. Three key questions currently drive this debate: Does social interaction play a role in the development of executive function or, more generally, self-regulation? If it does play a role, what forms of social interaction facilitate the development of executive function? Do different patterns of interpersonal experience differentially affect the development of self-regulation and social understanding? In this book, the contributors address these questions and explore other emerging theoretical and empirical links between self-regulation, social interaction, and children's psycho-social competence. It will be a valuable resource for student and professional researchers interested in executive function, emotion, and social development.
NANCY GIUNTA
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
The aging of the worldwide population brings demographic, economic, and socio-cultural implications. Over the next several decades, the population will be increasingly comprised of older adults. ...
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The aging of the worldwide population brings demographic, economic, and socio-cultural implications. Over the next several decades, the population will be increasingly comprised of older adults. Although they have benefited from various policies and programs, older adults and their caregivers are at risk of increased isolation, dependency, and decreased economic, physical, and mental well-being. Traditional social work approaches in the field of aging have consisted largely of disparate interventions that address individual needs without considering the larger social, physical, or economic context of an aging society. Meanwhile, recent theoretical contributions to the concept of productive aging have recognized that productivity may not only be defined as the economic value of an individual’s actions, but may also be measured in terms of social or civic contributions. Older adults have the capacity to help build a community’s social and economic capital through various means.Less
The aging of the worldwide population brings demographic, economic, and socio-cultural implications. Over the next several decades, the population will be increasingly comprised of older adults. Although they have benefited from various policies and programs, older adults and their caregivers are at risk of increased isolation, dependency, and decreased economic, physical, and mental well-being. Traditional social work approaches in the field of aging have consisted largely of disparate interventions that address individual needs without considering the larger social, physical, or economic context of an aging society. Meanwhile, recent theoretical contributions to the concept of productive aging have recognized that productivity may not only be defined as the economic value of an individual’s actions, but may also be measured in terms of social or civic contributions. Older adults have the capacity to help build a community’s social and economic capital through various means.
MARY AGER CAPLAN
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
The conventional model of treatment for mental illness involves a dynamic of expert and patient. By contrast, a social development approach to treating mental illness embraces the core tenets of the ...
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The conventional model of treatment for mental illness involves a dynamic of expert and patient. By contrast, a social development approach to treating mental illness embraces the core tenets of the client-led wellness, recovery and resiliency movement. This chapter compares the two approaches and explores how a social development approach can harness social capital and human capital to promote wellness and integrate mentally ill people into their communities. These principles are explored through a case study of the Village, a residential community located in Long Beach, California, where clients are involved in every level of organizational decision-making, provide peer-support services, and run businesses including catering and a credit union.Less
The conventional model of treatment for mental illness involves a dynamic of expert and patient. By contrast, a social development approach to treating mental illness embraces the core tenets of the client-led wellness, recovery and resiliency movement. This chapter compares the two approaches and explores how a social development approach can harness social capital and human capital to promote wellness and integrate mentally ill people into their communities. These principles are explored through a case study of the Village, a residential community located in Long Beach, California, where clients are involved in every level of organizational decision-making, provide peer-support services, and run businesses including catering and a credit union.
WILL C. RAINFORD
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
Social workers have been involved with issues of delinquency, crime and corrections since the profession’s inception in the late 19th century. However, as crime rates have continued to soar and as ...
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Social workers have been involved with issues of delinquency, crime and corrections since the profession’s inception in the late 19th century. However, as crime rates have continued to soar and as prison populations have reached unprecedented levels, new approaches are needed. Focusing on the role of social workers within correctional facilities, this chapter discusses innovative social investment strategies that enhance the strengths and capabilities of those in prison and prepares them for successful reentry into society. Emphasis is given to human capital programs, employment preparation and placement, asset accounts and microenterprise programs that integrate offenders into the community and productive economy. The role of social workers in linking these activities to community resources, and the professional supports that facilitate reentry into the community are discussed.Less
Social workers have been involved with issues of delinquency, crime and corrections since the profession’s inception in the late 19th century. However, as crime rates have continued to soar and as prison populations have reached unprecedented levels, new approaches are needed. Focusing on the role of social workers within correctional facilities, this chapter discusses innovative social investment strategies that enhance the strengths and capabilities of those in prison and prepares them for successful reentry into society. Emphasis is given to human capital programs, employment preparation and placement, asset accounts and microenterprise programs that integrate offenders into the community and productive economy. The role of social workers in linking these activities to community resources, and the professional supports that facilitate reentry into the community are discussed.
Charlie Lewis, Jeremy I. M. Carpendale, John Towse, and Katerina Maridaki-Kassotaki
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195327694
- eISBN:
- 9780199776962
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327694.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Developmental Psychology
Correlations between an understanding of self and other in psychological terms, often referred to as “theory of mind,” and the control of action, often labeled “executive functions,” have been ...
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Correlations between an understanding of self and other in psychological terms, often referred to as “theory of mind,” and the control of action, often labeled “executive functions,” have been reported and debated. We suggest that claims about such relations rest on a prior assumption that these are two separate, coherent domains and children have stable, measurable abilities in these areas. Examining relevant research, however, indicates variability in a number of ways, suggesting that both social understanding and executive skills are substantiated and develop within the flow of interaction with people and objects. According to our alternative approach to social cognitive development, social understanding develops within social interaction as children learn to talk about situations of shared understanding. We suggest that executive function and social understanding may be interdependent and emerge through the same processes within social interaction.Less
Correlations between an understanding of self and other in psychological terms, often referred to as “theory of mind,” and the control of action, often labeled “executive functions,” have been reported and debated. We suggest that claims about such relations rest on a prior assumption that these are two separate, coherent domains and children have stable, measurable abilities in these areas. Examining relevant research, however, indicates variability in a number of ways, suggesting that both social understanding and executive skills are substantiated and develop within the flow of interaction with people and objects. According to our alternative approach to social cognitive development, social understanding develops within social interaction as children learn to talk about situations of shared understanding. We suggest that executive function and social understanding may be interdependent and emerge through the same processes within social interaction.
Susan C. Mapp
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195313451
- eISBN:
- 9780199893423
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195313451.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter discusses how social workers and social work students can be a part of developing solutions. Operating from a human rights standpoint and advancing social justice, they can “promote ...
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This chapter discusses how social workers and social work students can be a part of developing solutions. Operating from a human rights standpoint and advancing social justice, they can “promote social change and problem-solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being,” as specified in the International Federation of Social Workers definition of social work.Less
This chapter discusses how social workers and social work students can be a part of developing solutions. Operating from a human rights standpoint and advancing social justice, they can “promote social change and problem-solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being,” as specified in the International Federation of Social Workers definition of social work.
David Levine and Keith Wrightson
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198200666
- eISBN:
- 9780191674761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198200666.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter explores those aspects of Whickham's social development that up to now have been pushed to the margins of our story. For the industrial development of Whickham and its environs involved ...
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This chapter explores those aspects of Whickham's social development that up to now have been pushed to the margins of our story. For the industrial development of Whickham and its environs involved not only economic, technological, demographic, and social-structural change, but also a reshaping of social identities and shifts in the patterns of social relationships. Change of this kind was no simple and mechanical response to the imperatives of industrial development. It was a complex and uneven process, a continuing interaction between inherited traditions and novel circumstances. The aim, therefore, is to capture something of the dynamism and historical contingency of that process as the identities of the people of Whickham, and of the emerging industrial society of Tyneside to which they belonged, were forged and reforged between the anvil of established ways and the insistent beating of the hammers of change.Less
This chapter explores those aspects of Whickham's social development that up to now have been pushed to the margins of our story. For the industrial development of Whickham and its environs involved not only economic, technological, demographic, and social-structural change, but also a reshaping of social identities and shifts in the patterns of social relationships. Change of this kind was no simple and mechanical response to the imperatives of industrial development. It was a complex and uneven process, a continuing interaction between inherited traditions and novel circumstances. The aim, therefore, is to capture something of the dynamism and historical contingency of that process as the identities of the people of Whickham, and of the emerging industrial society of Tyneside to which they belonged, were forged and reforged between the anvil of established ways and the insistent beating of the hammers of change.
Doreen Elliott
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195333619
- eISBN:
- 9780199918195
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333619.003.0014
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
This chapter addresses social development in the context of international social work and social welfare, reviews its relationship with the profession of social work, and analyzes its impact on ...
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This chapter addresses social development in the context of international social work and social welfare, reviews its relationship with the profession of social work, and analyzes its impact on global social work practice. It addresses the following questions: What is social development? How is it applicable to social work practice? What are some applications of social work practice in countries around the world?Less
This chapter addresses social development in the context of international social work and social welfare, reviews its relationship with the profession of social work, and analyzes its impact on global social work practice. It addresses the following questions: What is social development? How is it applicable to social work practice? What are some applications of social work practice in countries around the world?
Paul Henderson
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861347459
- eISBN:
- 9781447302575
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861347459.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
This book provides an in-depth study of how community development can contribute to tackling social exclusion. It draws on the outcomes of a project funded by the Social Inclusion Programme of the ...
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This book provides an in-depth study of how community development can contribute to tackling social exclusion. It draws on the outcomes of a project funded by the Social Inclusion Programme of the European Union and managed by a European network of community development organisations — the Combined European Bureau for Social Development. It includes the analyses of the experiences of local communities; identifies and explains the key principles that are needed to underpin programmes and projects that use a community-based approach to tackling social exclusion; and provides a summary of key action points that are needed to be considered by organisations and agencies. Examples from policy and practice in the UK, Spain, Belgium, Sweden and Norway are discussed, with additional information from Denmark, Ireland and Hungary. The principles and methods discussed give a valuable insight into how the voices of local people and practitioners can be heard in policy and decision making forums.Less
This book provides an in-depth study of how community development can contribute to tackling social exclusion. It draws on the outcomes of a project funded by the Social Inclusion Programme of the European Union and managed by a European network of community development organisations — the Combined European Bureau for Social Development. It includes the analyses of the experiences of local communities; identifies and explains the key principles that are needed to underpin programmes and projects that use a community-based approach to tackling social exclusion; and provides a summary of key action points that are needed to be considered by organisations and agencies. Examples from policy and practice in the UK, Spain, Belgium, Sweden and Norway are discussed, with additional information from Denmark, Ireland and Hungary. The principles and methods discussed give a valuable insight into how the voices of local people and practitioners can be heard in policy and decision making forums.
Jay Schulkin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157443
- eISBN:
- 9781400849031
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157443.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
What's so special about music? We experience it internally, yet at the same time it is highly social. Music engages our cognitive/affective and sensory systems. We use music to communicate with one ...
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What's so special about music? We experience it internally, yet at the same time it is highly social. Music engages our cognitive/affective and sensory systems. We use music to communicate with one another—and even with other species—the things that we cannot express through language. Music is both ancient and ever evolving. Without music, our world is missing something essential. This book offers a social and behavioral neuroscientific explanation of why music matters. Its aim is not to provide a grand, unifying theory. Instead, it guides the reader through the relevant scientific evidence that links neuroscience, music, and meaning. It considers how music evolved in humans and birds, how music is experienced in relation to aesthetics and mathematics, the role of memory in musical expression, the role of music in child and social development, and the embodied experience of music through dance. It concludes with reflections on music and well-being. The book is a tour through the current research on the neuroscience of music.Less
What's so special about music? We experience it internally, yet at the same time it is highly social. Music engages our cognitive/affective and sensory systems. We use music to communicate with one another—and even with other species—the things that we cannot express through language. Music is both ancient and ever evolving. Without music, our world is missing something essential. This book offers a social and behavioral neuroscientific explanation of why music matters. Its aim is not to provide a grand, unifying theory. Instead, it guides the reader through the relevant scientific evidence that links neuroscience, music, and meaning. It considers how music evolved in humans and birds, how music is experienced in relation to aesthetics and mathematics, the role of memory in musical expression, the role of music in child and social development, and the embodied experience of music through dance. It concludes with reflections on music and well-being. The book is a tour through the current research on the neuroscience of music.
JENNIFER KNAPP and JAMES MIDGLEY
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199732326
- eISBN:
- 9780199863471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732326.003.0005
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Communities and Organizations
This chapter discusses what has been called the rights-based, developmental approach to social work with people with disabilities. Drawing on social development ideas, the chapter focuses on the ...
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This chapter discusses what has been called the rights-based, developmental approach to social work with people with disabilities. Drawing on social development ideas, the chapter focuses on the campaigns of the disability rights movement to normalize the lives of people with disabilities and to ensure their integration into economic, cultural and political activities. It emphasizes three aspects of the right based developmental approach, namely: the emergence and institutionalization of disability rights; the mainstreaming of people with disabilities into community living; and finally their engagement in the productive economy. Referring to statistical data and case examples, it shows that much more needs to be done to implement the rights based developmental approach. In addition, outmoded “expert” and medical approaches still exert considerable influence and need to be challenged.Less
This chapter discusses what has been called the rights-based, developmental approach to social work with people with disabilities. Drawing on social development ideas, the chapter focuses on the campaigns of the disability rights movement to normalize the lives of people with disabilities and to ensure their integration into economic, cultural and political activities. It emphasizes three aspects of the right based developmental approach, namely: the emergence and institutionalization of disability rights; the mainstreaming of people with disabilities into community living; and finally their engagement in the productive economy. Referring to statistical data and case examples, it shows that much more needs to be done to implement the rights based developmental approach. In addition, outmoded “expert” and medical approaches still exert considerable influence and need to be challenged.
BILL SILLAR
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197265031
- eISBN:
- 9780191754142
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265031.003.0012
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, American History: pre-Columbian BCE to 500CE
This chapter explores broad social changes that may account for how Quechua and Aymara entered the Lake Titicaca and Cuzco regions so that they eventually replaced all other native languages. It ...
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This chapter explores broad social changes that may account for how Quechua and Aymara entered the Lake Titicaca and Cuzco regions so that they eventually replaced all other native languages. It starts with a brief overview of the topography and ecology of the area that provides the landscape upon which people developed their subsistence base and over which they moved. It then reviews what is known about the distribution of Aymara, Quechua, and Puquina in the region at the start of the colonial period. Based on this, the chapter presents a broad overview of the archaeological evidence for social development and change from the Formative to the early colonial period, in order to consider the social processes that led to the pattern of language use encountered by the Spanish. It is argued that the scale of social change wrought by the Wari Empire in the Vilcanota Valley is commensurate with the introduction and uptake of a new language, which is most likely to have been Quechua. But documentary evidence suggests the llama herders of the Lupaca, Canas, and Collagua were well-established Aymara speakers by the time of the earliest Spanish records. The social processes surrounding llama herding must be considered to account for the spread of Aymara into the Titicaca Basin.Less
This chapter explores broad social changes that may account for how Quechua and Aymara entered the Lake Titicaca and Cuzco regions so that they eventually replaced all other native languages. It starts with a brief overview of the topography and ecology of the area that provides the landscape upon which people developed their subsistence base and over which they moved. It then reviews what is known about the distribution of Aymara, Quechua, and Puquina in the region at the start of the colonial period. Based on this, the chapter presents a broad overview of the archaeological evidence for social development and change from the Formative to the early colonial period, in order to consider the social processes that led to the pattern of language use encountered by the Spanish. It is argued that the scale of social change wrought by the Wari Empire in the Vilcanota Valley is commensurate with the introduction and uptake of a new language, which is most likely to have been Quechua. But documentary evidence suggests the llama herders of the Lupaca, Canas, and Collagua were well-established Aymara speakers by the time of the earliest Spanish records. The social processes surrounding llama herding must be considered to account for the spread of Aymara into the Titicaca Basin.
