Jack Morrell
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206576
- eISBN:
- 9780191677229
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206576.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter examines the developments in the teaching of the so-called small sciences at Oxford University in England from 1914 to 1939. These small sciences include botany, zoology, geology, ...
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This chapter examines the developments in the teaching of the so-called small sciences at Oxford University in England from 1914 to 1939. These small sciences include botany, zoology, geology, mineralogy and crystallography, astronomy, history of science, and history of anthropology. These subjects were recognized by the university with a chair, a readership, and a curatorship but they existed almost totally outside the colleges. These subjects were not only peripheral to the colleges, they were small and attracted only a few undergraduates and in some cases regular teaching was not offered.Less
This chapter examines the developments in the teaching of the so-called small sciences at Oxford University in England from 1914 to 1939. These small sciences include botany, zoology, geology, mineralogy and crystallography, astronomy, history of science, and history of anthropology. These subjects were recognized by the university with a chair, a readership, and a curatorship but they existed almost totally outside the colleges. These subjects were not only peripheral to the colleges, they were small and attracted only a few undergraduates and in some cases regular teaching was not offered.
Michael Riordan, Lillian Hoddeson, and Adrienne W. Kolb
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226294797
- eISBN:
- 9780226305837
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226305837.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Recognizing that US taxpayers would not cover the entire SSC cost, the Bush Administration began trying to internationalize the laboratory by seeking large foreign contributions. But the only serious ...
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Recognizing that US taxpayers would not cover the entire SSC cost, the Bush Administration began trying to internationalize the laboratory by seeking large foreign contributions. But the only serious prospect was Japan, which was initially hesitant to commit to such a partnership. In 1990, before the extent of the cost overrun was fully recognized, the US House of Representatives capped the federal SSC contribution at $5 billion while requiring at least 20 percent foreign contributions. When estimated total costs grew to $8.25 billion, this stipulation meant that a total of $1.7 billion was needed from other countries. That summer, amendments to terminate the SSC were defeated by comfortable margins in both House and Senate despite worsening public perceptions of the project. But thus chastened, high Administration officials redoubled their efforts that fall to secure a billion-dollar Japanese commitment but obtained only a promise to consider partnering in the SSC laboratory.Less
Recognizing that US taxpayers would not cover the entire SSC cost, the Bush Administration began trying to internationalize the laboratory by seeking large foreign contributions. But the only serious prospect was Japan, which was initially hesitant to commit to such a partnership. In 1990, before the extent of the cost overrun was fully recognized, the US House of Representatives capped the federal SSC contribution at $5 billion while requiring at least 20 percent foreign contributions. When estimated total costs grew to $8.25 billion, this stipulation meant that a total of $1.7 billion was needed from other countries. That summer, amendments to terminate the SSC were defeated by comfortable margins in both House and Senate despite worsening public perceptions of the project. But thus chastened, high Administration officials redoubled their efforts that fall to secure a billion-dollar Japanese commitment but obtained only a promise to consider partnering in the SSC laboratory.
Arun Kumar
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- October 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780198868637
- eISBN:
- 9780191905117
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198868637.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, South and East Asia
Science and technology has been an important site of constituting the national-modern. Elites, especially the Tatas, led the way in founding institutions of scientific research and training across ...
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Science and technology has been an important site of constituting the national-modern. Elites, especially the Tatas, led the way in founding institutions of scientific research and training across the country. Such institutions were supposed to help the country overcome the deficit in scientific infrastructure, institutions, and individuals. Others such as Birlas and Thakurdas took a more pragmatic approach and invested in institutions of applied technologies such as cotton and textiles to fuel India’s industrialization. In addition to funding such ‘big’ science, elites also invested in ‘small’ science—on and off-farms—linking scientific laboratories to the field. Post-1990, elites took on a networking role linking new nexuses across lab–field–policy. At the turn of the twenty-first century, elites are now funding digital infrastructure and platforms over brick-and-mortar institutions from an earlier generation. In their pursuit of modern science, elites’ philanthropy has remained firmly tied to the national question as science has been closely tied to national self-reliance and sovereignty.Less
Science and technology has been an important site of constituting the national-modern. Elites, especially the Tatas, led the way in founding institutions of scientific research and training across the country. Such institutions were supposed to help the country overcome the deficit in scientific infrastructure, institutions, and individuals. Others such as Birlas and Thakurdas took a more pragmatic approach and invested in institutions of applied technologies such as cotton and textiles to fuel India’s industrialization. In addition to funding such ‘big’ science, elites also invested in ‘small’ science—on and off-farms—linking scientific laboratories to the field. Post-1990, elites took on a networking role linking new nexuses across lab–field–policy. At the turn of the twenty-first century, elites are now funding digital infrastructure and platforms over brick-and-mortar institutions from an earlier generation. In their pursuit of modern science, elites’ philanthropy has remained firmly tied to the national question as science has been closely tied to national self-reliance and sovereignty.
