Dian J. Gifford, Roger P. Harris, Stewart M. McKinnell, William T. Peterson, and Michael A. St. John
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199558025
- eISBN:
- 9780191721939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558025.003.0004
- Subject:
- Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology, Aquatic Biology
Because of GLOBEC's focus on population dynamics, species‐level research is central to the programme, and most field, retrospective and modeling studies were directed at target species defined on the ...
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Because of GLOBEC's focus on population dynamics, species‐level research is central to the programme, and most field, retrospective and modeling studies were directed at target species defined on the basis of their suitability for use in the comparative approach or their trophic role in the ecosystem. Target species may be economically significant due to their contribution to local, regional, and national economies through subsistence, commercial enterprise, and use by indigenous peoples. Target species of conservation significance may be the subjects of regional, national, or international conservation agreements. Target species of social or cultural significance have value to human communities because of their historical, aesthetic, educational, or recreational value. GLOBEC target species are heavily weighted towards marine pelagic organisms, particularly zooplankton. However, vertebrates with largely (seabirds and seals) or wholly (whales) pelagic life histories have been studied in some ecosystems, as have anadromous fish whose life history is not entirely marine. Here, this chapter reviews major groups of GLOBEC target species: Calanus and other large copepods, salmonids, cod, small pelagic fish, and large apex predators.Less
Because of GLOBEC's focus on population dynamics, species‐level research is central to the programme, and most field, retrospective and modeling studies were directed at target species defined on the basis of their suitability for use in the comparative approach or their trophic role in the ecosystem. Target species may be economically significant due to their contribution to local, regional, and national economies through subsistence, commercial enterprise, and use by indigenous peoples. Target species of conservation significance may be the subjects of regional, national, or international conservation agreements. Target species of social or cultural significance have value to human communities because of their historical, aesthetic, educational, or recreational value. GLOBEC target species are heavily weighted towards marine pelagic organisms, particularly zooplankton. However, vertebrates with largely (seabirds and seals) or wholly (whales) pelagic life histories have been studied in some ecosystems, as have anadromous fish whose life history is not entirely marine. Here, this chapter reviews major groups of GLOBEC target species: Calanus and other large copepods, salmonids, cod, small pelagic fish, and large apex predators.
Ray Hilborn and Ulrike Hilborn
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198839767
- eISBN:
- 9780191875533
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198839767.003.0011
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
The Forage Fish Rollercoaster. Forage fish are the small fishes such as sardines, anchovy, mackerel, and herring that are among the most abundant fish in the sea and form the base of the fish food ...
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The Forage Fish Rollercoaster. Forage fish are the small fishes such as sardines, anchovy, mackerel, and herring that are among the most abundant fish in the sea and form the base of the fish food chain. They are often the dominant food for predatory fish, marine mammals, and marine birds. Forage fish are used both for direct human consumption and for the production of fishmeal and fish oil used as livestock and aquaculture feed. Many species of forage fish have shown vast cyclical variation in abundance long before industrial fishing began, and this complicates understanding how fishing affects their abundance. A recent concern is the effect that fishing of forage fish has on the abundance of their predators.Less
The Forage Fish Rollercoaster. Forage fish are the small fishes such as sardines, anchovy, mackerel, and herring that are among the most abundant fish in the sea and form the base of the fish food chain. They are often the dominant food for predatory fish, marine mammals, and marine birds. Forage fish are used both for direct human consumption and for the production of fishmeal and fish oil used as livestock and aquaculture feed. Many species of forage fish have shown vast cyclical variation in abundance long before industrial fishing began, and this complicates understanding how fishing affects their abundance. A recent concern is the effect that fishing of forage fish has on the abundance of their predators.
