Marc Jeannerod
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780198569657
- eISBN:
- 9780191720994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198569657.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter focuses on the role of signals, arising from the execution or the representation of self-generated action, in building a sense of agency, which a subject uses to self-attribute his own ...
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This chapter focuses on the role of signals, arising from the execution or the representation of self-generated action, in building a sense of agency, which a subject uses to self-attribute his own actions. Action appears to be the main factor in self-identification by binding together the various signals that arise from the agent's body and from its interaction with the external milieu. The self-other distinction must take into account the fact that action representations also arise from the actions of others, which raises the problem of disentangling one's representations from those of others.Less
This chapter focuses on the role of signals, arising from the execution or the representation of self-generated action, in building a sense of agency, which a subject uses to self-attribute his own actions. Action appears to be the main factor in self-identification by binding together the various signals that arise from the agent's body and from its interaction with the external milieu. The self-other distinction must take into account the fact that action representations also arise from the actions of others, which raises the problem of disentangling one's representations from those of others.
Irmina Matonytė and Vaidas Morkevičius
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199602315
- eISBN:
- 9780191738951
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199602315.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union, Comparative Politics
This chapter investigates elites’ perceptions of potential external and internal threats to a cohesive Europe (enlargement of the EU to include Turkey, close relationships between some EU countries ...
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This chapter investigates elites’ perceptions of potential external and internal threats to a cohesive Europe (enlargement of the EU to include Turkey, close relationships between some EU countries and the United States, interference of Russia in European affairs, increase in nationalism, immigration from non-EU states, negative effects of globalization on welfare, and economic and social differences among the EU member states). Results show nationalism and socio-economic differences to be perceived as the highest threats. Significant differences are found between perceptions of elites from EU founding member states and the new post-socialist EU member states; the perception of threats is not systematically stronger among political elites than among economic elites, although elites’ left–right political identification is a powerful predictor. Threat perception is also related to elites’ visions of Europe and articulated along three lines: cultural heritage, socio-economic order, and governance. Elites’ trust in the EU institutions decreases their perception of threats.Less
This chapter investigates elites’ perceptions of potential external and internal threats to a cohesive Europe (enlargement of the EU to include Turkey, close relationships between some EU countries and the United States, interference of Russia in European affairs, increase in nationalism, immigration from non-EU states, negative effects of globalization on welfare, and economic and social differences among the EU member states). Results show nationalism and socio-economic differences to be perceived as the highest threats. Significant differences are found between perceptions of elites from EU founding member states and the new post-socialist EU member states; the perception of threats is not systematically stronger among political elites than among economic elites, although elites’ left–right political identification is a powerful predictor. Threat perception is also related to elites’ visions of Europe and articulated along three lines: cultural heritage, socio-economic order, and governance. Elites’ trust in the EU institutions decreases their perception of threats.
JENNIFER JACKSON PREECE
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198294375
- eISBN:
- 9780191685033
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198294375.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter considers a working definition of national minority that is well suited to a study focused on the tension between minority rights and sovereign state rights and written in the ...
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This chapter considers a working definition of national minority that is well suited to a study focused on the tension between minority rights and sovereign state rights and written in the international society tradition. This objective is pursued in two ways: by surveying the history of how international organisations concerned with minority questions have sought — and as of 1995 failed — to establish a common definition of the term ‘minority’, and by evaluating the various meanings adopted by some of the leading academic commentators on the subject of minority rights. In particular, the kind of criteria these definitions employ is discussed, whether it is objective criteria such as distinctions of race, language, ethnicity, or religion, or alternatively, whether it is subjective distinctions such as group self-identification as a minority. This chapter also explores the relationship between the concept of a minority and the broader and more familiar idea of a nation with a corresponding right to self-determination.Less
This chapter considers a working definition of national minority that is well suited to a study focused on the tension between minority rights and sovereign state rights and written in the international society tradition. This objective is pursued in two ways: by surveying the history of how international organisations concerned with minority questions have sought — and as of 1995 failed — to establish a common definition of the term ‘minority’, and by evaluating the various meanings adopted by some of the leading academic commentators on the subject of minority rights. In particular, the kind of criteria these definitions employ is discussed, whether it is objective criteria such as distinctions of race, language, ethnicity, or religion, or alternatively, whether it is subjective distinctions such as group self-identification as a minority. This chapter also explores the relationship between the concept of a minority and the broader and more familiar idea of a nation with a corresponding right to self-determination.
Goldin Simha
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719095771
- eISBN:
- 9781781707852
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719095771.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
In this study, the various aspects of the way the Jews regarded themselves in the context of the lapse into another religion will be researched fully for the first time. We will attempt to understand ...
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In this study, the various aspects of the way the Jews regarded themselves in the context of the lapse into another religion will be researched fully for the first time. We will attempt to understand whether they regarded the issue of conversion with self-confidence or with suspicion, whether their attitude was based on a clear theological position or on doubt and the coping with the problem as part of the process of socialization will be fully analysed. In this way, we will better understand how the Jews saw their own identity whilst living as a minority among the Christian majority, whose own self-confidence was constantly becoming stronger from the 10th to the 14th century until they eventually ousted the Jews completely from the places they lived in, England, France and large parts of Germany. This aspect of Jewish self-identification, written by a person who converted to Christianity, can help clarify a number of issues discussed by historians at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era.Less
In this study, the various aspects of the way the Jews regarded themselves in the context of the lapse into another religion will be researched fully for the first time. We will attempt to understand whether they regarded the issue of conversion with self-confidence or with suspicion, whether their attitude was based on a clear theological position or on doubt and the coping with the problem as part of the process of socialization will be fully analysed. In this way, we will better understand how the Jews saw their own identity whilst living as a minority among the Christian majority, whose own self-confidence was constantly becoming stronger from the 10th to the 14th century until they eventually ousted the Jews completely from the places they lived in, England, France and large parts of Germany. This aspect of Jewish self-identification, written by a person who converted to Christianity, can help clarify a number of issues discussed by historians at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Era.
Didier Fassin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520244672
- eISBN:
- 9780520940451
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520244672.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This chapter sheds light on the history of AIDS in South Africa. The history of AIDS in South Africa constitutes a web of meaning that extends well beyond country borders and the disease itself. It ...
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This chapter sheds light on the history of AIDS in South Africa. The history of AIDS in South Africa constitutes a web of meaning that extends well beyond country borders and the disease itself. It recounts a political world order composed of social configurations and symbolic arrangements on the one hand, relations of knowledge and power and representations of the self and discourses on the other. Political and moral self-identification transcends national borders and often takes on a racial dimension, precisely the dimension along which the African continent and its American diaspora are coming closer today. Self-identification does not neglect broader loyalties encompassing several victims, as shown by the reception of the Palestinian cause in such culturally and historically dissimilar contexts as South African townships and poor French suburbs. Self-construction now implies a reappropriation of the past, which in turn reveals the historical continuity of oppression and domination.Less
This chapter sheds light on the history of AIDS in South Africa. The history of AIDS in South Africa constitutes a web of meaning that extends well beyond country borders and the disease itself. It recounts a political world order composed of social configurations and symbolic arrangements on the one hand, relations of knowledge and power and representations of the self and discourses on the other. Political and moral self-identification transcends national borders and often takes on a racial dimension, precisely the dimension along which the African continent and its American diaspora are coming closer today. Self-identification does not neglect broader loyalties encompassing several victims, as shown by the reception of the Palestinian cause in such culturally and historically dissimilar contexts as South African townships and poor French suburbs. Self-construction now implies a reappropriation of the past, which in turn reveals the historical continuity of oppression and domination.
Marc Jeannerod
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199231447
- eISBN:
- 9780191696510
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231447.003.0011
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter examines the differences between self-identification and the self/other differentiation. It suggests that the rotation and simulation of self/other differentiation rely on two distinct ...
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This chapter examines the differences between self-identification and the self/other differentiation. It suggests that the rotation and simulation of self/other differentiation rely on two distinct neural networks for attributing and understanding, respectively. However, they cannot be considered as completely separate because they both contribute to the same function: the self/other differentiation. This chapter argues that the self/other differentiation is the gateway to social communication, because communication between two selves requires that they both understand each other and remain distinct from one another.Less
This chapter examines the differences between self-identification and the self/other differentiation. It suggests that the rotation and simulation of self/other differentiation rely on two distinct neural networks for attributing and understanding, respectively. However, they cannot be considered as completely separate because they both contribute to the same function: the self/other differentiation. This chapter argues that the self/other differentiation is the gateway to social communication, because communication between two selves requires that they both understand each other and remain distinct from one another.
Simon Glendinning
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748624706
- eISBN:
- 9780748671885
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748624706.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
From around the start of the 1970’s many non-analytic philosophers in the English-speaking world began to use the title “Continental Philosophy” to identify their own area of interest and expertise. ...
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From around the start of the 1970’s many non-analytic philosophers in the English-speaking world began to use the title “Continental Philosophy” to identify their own area of interest and expertise. In this chapter the development of this trend of self-identification is discussed and explained. The basic argument is that in the English-speaking world there were (and still are) a number of professional philosophers with a serious interest in teaching courses and pursuing research on texts by authors whose work was (and largely remains) not at all well regarded by most mainstream analytic philosophers. Prior to the 1970s courses on such work went under a diverse range of titles. However, in the 1970s a growing number of people started to changeover to the Continental title in order to include in their own teaching and writing the new movements that were coming to be known as ‘post-structuralism,’ ‘postmodernism’ and ‘French feminism’. “Continental philosophy”, analytic philosophy’s already-to-hand catch-all category, provided a convenient title for courses and writings covering both the old and the new.Less
From around the start of the 1970’s many non-analytic philosophers in the English-speaking world began to use the title “Continental Philosophy” to identify their own area of interest and expertise. In this chapter the development of this trend of self-identification is discussed and explained. The basic argument is that in the English-speaking world there were (and still are) a number of professional philosophers with a serious interest in teaching courses and pursuing research on texts by authors whose work was (and largely remains) not at all well regarded by most mainstream analytic philosophers. Prior to the 1970s courses on such work went under a diverse range of titles. However, in the 1970s a growing number of people started to changeover to the Continental title in order to include in their own teaching and writing the new movements that were coming to be known as ‘post-structuralism,’ ‘postmodernism’ and ‘French feminism’. “Continental philosophy”, analytic philosophy’s already-to-hand catch-all category, provided a convenient title for courses and writings covering both the old and the new.
Tove H. Malloy
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199274437
- eISBN:
- 9780191699757
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199274437.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law
This chapter attempts to theorise a model of critical citizenship that would bring co-nations closer towards moral recognition and/or ethical standing in divided societies. It investigates why ...
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This chapter attempts to theorise a model of critical citizenship that would bring co-nations closer towards moral recognition and/or ethical standing in divided societies. It investigates why liberals and communitarians are at loggerheads on moral values, and examines the way in which liberals and communitarians perceive the process of self-identification in terms of both personal identity and loyal membership to constitutive communities. The chapter explains how a model of critical citizenship based on the Kantian notion of critical practical reasoning can contribute to the resolution of the inert debate on the moral values of constitutive communities.Less
This chapter attempts to theorise a model of critical citizenship that would bring co-nations closer towards moral recognition and/or ethical standing in divided societies. It investigates why liberals and communitarians are at loggerheads on moral values, and examines the way in which liberals and communitarians perceive the process of self-identification in terms of both personal identity and loyal membership to constitutive communities. The chapter explains how a model of critical citizenship based on the Kantian notion of critical practical reasoning can contribute to the resolution of the inert debate on the moral values of constitutive communities.
Michelle A. Gonzalez
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813029979
- eISBN:
- 9780813039343
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813029979.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the intersection of Afro-Cuban and Latino/a culture and religiosity. The results reveal the centrality of Afro-Cuban religiosity and ...
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This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the intersection of Afro-Cuban and Latino/a culture and religiosity. The results reveal the centrality of Afro-Cuban religiosity and culture for understanding the Cuban/Cuban-American condition. The findings also indicate that this Afro-Cuban saturation of Cuban and Cuban-American life goes well beyond race to affect all Cubans and Cuban-Americans despite their pigmentation or self-identification.Less
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the intersection of Afro-Cuban and Latino/a culture and religiosity. The results reveal the centrality of Afro-Cuban religiosity and culture for understanding the Cuban/Cuban-American condition. The findings also indicate that this Afro-Cuban saturation of Cuban and Cuban-American life goes well beyond race to affect all Cubans and Cuban-Americans despite their pigmentation or self-identification.
Michael Aronna
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813032184
- eISBN:
- 9780813038766
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813032184.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter discusses the construction of the subject in Caribbean testimonial narratives of the early years of the Cuban Revolution. It examines the way in which their internal contradictions and ...
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This chapter discusses the construction of the subject in Caribbean testimonial narratives of the early years of the Cuban Revolution. It examines the way in which their internal contradictions and dissonances operate to coincide with and resist conventional notions of nation building. It also explores how this type of documentary narrative in the Hispanic Caribbean constitutes a vehicle of self-identification and definition of people in an on-going historical process.Less
This chapter discusses the construction of the subject in Caribbean testimonial narratives of the early years of the Cuban Revolution. It examines the way in which their internal contradictions and dissonances operate to coincide with and resist conventional notions of nation building. It also explores how this type of documentary narrative in the Hispanic Caribbean constitutes a vehicle of self-identification and definition of people in an on-going historical process.
Matt Tierney
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781501746413
- eISBN:
- 9781501746567
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501746413.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
This chapter explains communion as a planetary practice of collective self-identification. Communion takes shape in opposition to teletechnological ideals of global togetherness. Opposed to the ...
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This chapter explains communion as a planetary practice of collective self-identification. Communion takes shape in opposition to teletechnological ideals of global togetherness. Opposed to the cosmotechnics of Spaceship Earth, a metaphor devised separately by Buckminster Fuller and Adlai Stevenson, communion is better developed in science-fictional work of Samuel R. Delany and Ursula K. Le Guin. Spaceship Earth, along with aligned metaphors of technologically enabled proximity, is in part to blame for sustaining the fiction of a world fused by common cause, and for perpetuating the accepted language of techno-boosterism, even in left cultural critique. Communion, by contrast, sees little such common cause in the world, but instead sees the cosmotechnic globe as the contested ground for coalitional struggles for real coexistence.Less
This chapter explains communion as a planetary practice of collective self-identification. Communion takes shape in opposition to teletechnological ideals of global togetherness. Opposed to the cosmotechnics of Spaceship Earth, a metaphor devised separately by Buckminster Fuller and Adlai Stevenson, communion is better developed in science-fictional work of Samuel R. Delany and Ursula K. Le Guin. Spaceship Earth, along with aligned metaphors of technologically enabled proximity, is in part to blame for sustaining the fiction of a world fused by common cause, and for perpetuating the accepted language of techno-boosterism, even in left cultural critique. Communion, by contrast, sees little such common cause in the world, but instead sees the cosmotechnic globe as the contested ground for coalitional struggles for real coexistence.
Hans Lindahl
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199601684
- eISBN:
- 9780191747649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199601684.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The problem to be dealt with in this chapter is twofold. On the one hand, it is necessary to get a handle on how, in response to a-legality, boundary-setting can transform legal collectives. ...
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The problem to be dealt with in this chapter is twofold. On the one hand, it is necessary to get a handle on how, in response to a-legality, boundary-setting can transform legal collectives. Transformative boundary-setting responds to what is orderable in the normative claim raised by a-legality; it involves shifting the limit between legal (dis)order and order. On the other hand, the chapter seeks to understand the nature of boundary-setting which gives rise to a novel collective by breaking out and away from an extant collective. Inaugural boundary-setting is the obverse of what remains unorderable by a collective in the normative claim raised by a-legality; it marks the passage across a fault line leading from one first-person perspective into another one. The analysis of boundary-setting focuses on the interplay between question and response at the heart of collective self-identification.Less
The problem to be dealt with in this chapter is twofold. On the one hand, it is necessary to get a handle on how, in response to a-legality, boundary-setting can transform legal collectives. Transformative boundary-setting responds to what is orderable in the normative claim raised by a-legality; it involves shifting the limit between legal (dis)order and order. On the other hand, the chapter seeks to understand the nature of boundary-setting which gives rise to a novel collective by breaking out and away from an extant collective. Inaugural boundary-setting is the obverse of what remains unorderable by a collective in the normative claim raised by a-legality; it marks the passage across a fault line leading from one first-person perspective into another one. The analysis of boundary-setting focuses on the interplay between question and response at the heart of collective self-identification.
Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300137316
- eISBN:
- 9780300156072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300137316.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines the works and literary activities of Raisa Troianker, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that Troianker placed herself between village poetry and the avant-garde, ...
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This chapter examines the works and literary activities of Raisa Troianker, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that Troianker placed herself between village poetry and the avant-garde, and describes how she crafted unparalleled Jewish and Ukrainian poetic images, also arguing that her later decision to switch to Russian indicated that the Soviet Union provided its subjects with ways to choose between various modes of self-identification.Less
This chapter examines the works and literary activities of Raisa Troianker, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that Troianker placed herself between village poetry and the avant-garde, and describes how she crafted unparalleled Jewish and Ukrainian poetic images, also arguing that her later decision to switch to Russian indicated that the Soviet Union provided its subjects with ways to choose between various modes of self-identification.
Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300137316
- eISBN:
- 9780300156072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300137316.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines the works and career of Leonid Pervomais'kyi, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that he started his career as a Ukrainian-Jewish writer, later abandoned his Jewish ...
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This chapter examines the works and career of Leonid Pervomais'kyi, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that he started his career as a Ukrainian-Jewish writer, later abandoned his Jewish endeavors, and re-emerged as a writer on Ukrainian-Jewish themes after World War 2. The chapter discusses Pervomais'kyi's ethical responses to violence in his works, and explores how he became a paradigmatic Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent who continues to influence the literary endeavors and self-identification of many Ukrainian-Jewish literati.Less
This chapter examines the works and career of Leonid Pervomais'kyi, a Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent. It explains that he started his career as a Ukrainian-Jewish writer, later abandoned his Jewish endeavors, and re-emerged as a writer on Ukrainian-Jewish themes after World War 2. The chapter discusses Pervomais'kyi's ethical responses to violence in his works, and explores how he became a paradigmatic Ukrainian poet of Jewish descent who continues to influence the literary endeavors and self-identification of many Ukrainian-Jewish literati.
Michèle Lamont, Graziella Moraes Silva, Jessica S. Welburn, Joshua Guetzkow, Nissim Mizrachi, Hanna Herzog, and Elisa Reis
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780691183404
- eISBN:
- 9781400883776
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691183404.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter examines how African Americans residing in New York experience specific incidents of stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides an overview of the background conditions and the ...
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This chapter examines how African Americans residing in New York experience specific incidents of stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides an overview of the background conditions and the place of African Americans in U.S. society in general and in the New York metropolitan area in particular, citing the latter's history of racial tension and deindustrialization. It then presents a complex portrait of African American ethnoracial groupness, with a focus on self-identification and group boundaries, before analyzing how African Americans responded when asked a series of questions about their experiences of stigmatization and discrimination, from what they call assault on worth to racism (blatant or subtle), poor service, and double standards. The chapter also considers how the respondents understand discrimination and describes variations in their experiences by class, age, and gender. Finally, it explores the group's responses (ideal and actual) to stigmatization and discrimination.Less
This chapter examines how African Americans residing in New York experience specific incidents of stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides an overview of the background conditions and the place of African Americans in U.S. society in general and in the New York metropolitan area in particular, citing the latter's history of racial tension and deindustrialization. It then presents a complex portrait of African American ethnoracial groupness, with a focus on self-identification and group boundaries, before analyzing how African Americans responded when asked a series of questions about their experiences of stigmatization and discrimination, from what they call assault on worth to racism (blatant or subtle), poor service, and double standards. The chapter also considers how the respondents understand discrimination and describes variations in their experiences by class, age, and gender. Finally, it explores the group's responses (ideal and actual) to stigmatization and discrimination.
Michèle Lamont, Graziella Moraes Silva, Jessica S. Welburn, Joshua Guetzkow, Nissim Mizrachi, Hanna Herzog, and Elisa Reis
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780691183404
- eISBN:
- 9781400883776
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691183404.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Black Brazilians in Rio de Janeiro to stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides background information to place the interviewees in ...
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This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Black Brazilians in Rio de Janeiro to stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides background information to place the interviewees in their historical and socioeconomic context, taking into account race relations in Brazil as well as the legacy of slavery, the rise and fall of racial democracy, and racial inequality and segregation in the country. It then considers the ethnoracial groupness of Black Brazilians in Rio de Janeiro, with a focus on self-identification and group boundaries, before discussing the ways in which the group struggles with what they perceive as a subtle or masked racism and how they experience specific incidents of stigmatization and discrimination. The chapter also analyzes how Black Brazilians respond to ethnoracial exclusion and what they view as the best responses from a normative perspective. Finally, it explains how the patterns of those experiences and responses can be accounted for.Less
This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Black Brazilians in Rio de Janeiro to stigmatization and discrimination. It first provides background information to place the interviewees in their historical and socioeconomic context, taking into account race relations in Brazil as well as the legacy of slavery, the rise and fall of racial democracy, and racial inequality and segregation in the country. It then considers the ethnoracial groupness of Black Brazilians in Rio de Janeiro, with a focus on self-identification and group boundaries, before discussing the ways in which the group struggles with what they perceive as a subtle or masked racism and how they experience specific incidents of stigmatization and discrimination. The chapter also analyzes how Black Brazilians respond to ethnoracial exclusion and what they view as the best responses from a normative perspective. Finally, it explains how the patterns of those experiences and responses can be accounted for.
Michèle Lamont, Graziella Moraes Silva, Jessica S. Welburn, Joshua Guetzkow, Nissim Mizrachi, Hanna Herzog, and Elisa Reis
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780691183404
- eISBN:
- 9781400883776
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691183404.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Arab Palestinians, Ethiopian Jews, and Mizrahi Jews in Israel to stigmatization and discrimination. It first explains the historical and ...
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This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Arab Palestinians, Ethiopian Jews, and Mizrahi Jews in Israel to stigmatization and discrimination. It first explains the historical and socioeconomic context for the three groups, taking into account the legacy of Zionism that shapes their experiences, the status of Arab Palestinians in the Jewish polity, and questions of ethno-national identity, exclusion, and inclusion affecting Mizrahim and Ethiopians in Israel. It then provides an overview of the Tel Aviv–Jaffa metropolitan area, the research site, before discussing the role of national belonging, race, and ethnicity in the formation of groupness among the respondents, with emphasis on self-identification and group boundaries. It also analyzes the groups' experiences of stigmatization and discrimination, and especially assault on worth, before concluding with an assessment of their reactions to such incidents as well as their views about the best ways to deal with social exclusion.Less
This chapter examines the experiences and responses of Arab Palestinians, Ethiopian Jews, and Mizrahi Jews in Israel to stigmatization and discrimination. It first explains the historical and socioeconomic context for the three groups, taking into account the legacy of Zionism that shapes their experiences, the status of Arab Palestinians in the Jewish polity, and questions of ethno-national identity, exclusion, and inclusion affecting Mizrahim and Ethiopians in Israel. It then provides an overview of the Tel Aviv–Jaffa metropolitan area, the research site, before discussing the role of national belonging, race, and ethnicity in the formation of groupness among the respondents, with emphasis on self-identification and group boundaries. It also analyzes the groups' experiences of stigmatization and discrimination, and especially assault on worth, before concluding with an assessment of their reactions to such incidents as well as their views about the best ways to deal with social exclusion.
Justin Hart and Brian Scassellati
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262014809
- eISBN:
- 9780262295284
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262014809.003.0018
- Subject:
- Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
This chapter presents a viewpoint that unifies a few subfields of robotics that until now were studied in isolation. By recasting the primary questions of these fields as part of the continual ...
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This chapter presents a viewpoint that unifies a few subfields of robotics that until now were studied in isolation. By recasting the primary questions of these fields as part of the continual process for constructing an accurate model of self, it demonstrates that each of these questions can be characterized as part of a larger domain. Adaptive, self-taught models of self provide a framework for studying causal learning, tool use, kinematic analysis, and fault detection and recovery. While the study of these fields independently will continue to advance the state of the art, it is argued that the study of these as part of an integrated self-model will allow for even more fundamental insights into how to build useful, adaptive, and practical robotic systems and may cast light onto the underlying processes of self-identification that biological systems must also solve.Less
This chapter presents a viewpoint that unifies a few subfields of robotics that until now were studied in isolation. By recasting the primary questions of these fields as part of the continual process for constructing an accurate model of self, it demonstrates that each of these questions can be characterized as part of a larger domain. Adaptive, self-taught models of self provide a framework for studying causal learning, tool use, kinematic analysis, and fault detection and recovery. While the study of these fields independently will continue to advance the state of the art, it is argued that the study of these as part of an integrated self-model will allow for even more fundamental insights into how to build useful, adaptive, and practical robotic systems and may cast light onto the underlying processes of self-identification that biological systems must also solve.
Dorothy J. Wang
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804783651
- eISBN:
- 9780804789097
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783651.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter begins with analysis of the critical controversy that erupted when poet John Yau criticized Eliot Weinberger’s anthology, American Poetry Since 1950: Innovators and Outsiders for its ...
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This chapter begins with analysis of the critical controversy that erupted when poet John Yau criticized Eliot Weinberger’s anthology, American Poetry Since 1950: Innovators and Outsiders for its paucity of poets of color (only Langston Hughes and Amiri Baraka were represented in the book). Weinberger charged Yau with only playing the ’race card’ when it was expedient and profitable. Contra Weinberger, this chapter shows that, far from shying away from the topic of race and identity, Yau has dealt with these concerns throughout his career in more oblique, often nonthematic, means. Because critics such as Weinberger tend to look only for thematic manifestations of ’Asianness,’ they have missed Yau’s more subtle, non-content-based grappling with issues of racial identity, including racial self-hatred, and his critiques of racist representations and discourses.Less
This chapter begins with analysis of the critical controversy that erupted when poet John Yau criticized Eliot Weinberger’s anthology, American Poetry Since 1950: Innovators and Outsiders for its paucity of poets of color (only Langston Hughes and Amiri Baraka were represented in the book). Weinberger charged Yau with only playing the ’race card’ when it was expedient and profitable. Contra Weinberger, this chapter shows that, far from shying away from the topic of race and identity, Yau has dealt with these concerns throughout his career in more oblique, often nonthematic, means. Because critics such as Weinberger tend to look only for thematic manifestations of ’Asianness,’ they have missed Yau’s more subtle, non-content-based grappling with issues of racial identity, including racial self-hatred, and his critiques of racist representations and discourses.
John Haydock
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781942954231
- eISBN:
- 9781786944153
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781942954231.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Nathaniel Hawthorne is recognized as having been weightily influenced by Balzac and openly connected in both France and England with the Frenchman’s moral blackness. His sister indicated that he made ...
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Nathaniel Hawthorne is recognized as having been weightily influenced by Balzac and openly connected in both France and England with the Frenchman’s moral blackness. His sister indicated that he made an “artistic study” of contemporary novels, and his sister-in-law reported that he had read all of the works of Balzac by 1837; and it is suggested he continued to collect volumes of La Comédie humaine until the Frenchman’s death in 1850. Definite incorporations from Balzac can be identified in Hawthorne’s works, and even American contemporaries classed him in the “French school” of Poe and the popular anglicized Eugene Sue and Georges Sand. Hawthorne himself even developed his own pseudonym, M. de l’Aubépine (hawthorn), in self-mockery of his critics’ literary complaints.Less
Nathaniel Hawthorne is recognized as having been weightily influenced by Balzac and openly connected in both France and England with the Frenchman’s moral blackness. His sister indicated that he made an “artistic study” of contemporary novels, and his sister-in-law reported that he had read all of the works of Balzac by 1837; and it is suggested he continued to collect volumes of La Comédie humaine until the Frenchman’s death in 1850. Definite incorporations from Balzac can be identified in Hawthorne’s works, and even American contemporaries classed him in the “French school” of Poe and the popular anglicized Eugene Sue and Georges Sand. Hawthorne himself even developed his own pseudonym, M. de l’Aubépine (hawthorn), in self-mockery of his critics’ literary complaints.
