Michael A. Olivas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814762448
- eISBN:
- 9780814762455
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814762448.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter explains why Plyler v. Doe is an important court case, even if not many people have heard of it or understand its holding: to allow schoolchildren without legal status to enroll in ...
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This chapter explains why Plyler v. Doe is an important court case, even if not many people have heard of it or understand its holding: to allow schoolchildren without legal status to enroll in public schools. The decision, written by Justice William Brennan, substantially improved the lives of these children and their parents, even if the parents were still at risk of deportation. For undocumented immigrants, it is the most beneficial decision ever rendered by the U.S. Supreme Court, and it remains good, if unexamined, law today.Less
This chapter explains why Plyler v. Doe is an important court case, even if not many people have heard of it or understand its holding: to allow schoolchildren without legal status to enroll in public schools. The decision, written by Justice William Brennan, substantially improved the lives of these children and their parents, even if the parents were still at risk of deportation. For undocumented immigrants, it is the most beneficial decision ever rendered by the U.S. Supreme Court, and it remains good, if unexamined, law today.
Robert D. McIntosh and Stuart J. Ritchie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199600496
- eISBN:
- 9780191739187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199600496.003.0066
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Development, Behavioral Neuroscience
This chapter discusses the use of coloured filters to treat reading difficulties, and the theoretical and practical claims that underpin it. It reviews evidence for the efficacy of coloured filters, ...
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This chapter discusses the use of coloured filters to treat reading difficulties, and the theoretical and practical claims that underpin it. It reviews evidence for the efficacy of coloured filters, and reports the results of a new trial in schoolchildren with reading difficulties. It concludes that there is a chasm between the dramatic claims often made for this treatment, and the small and inconsistent effects that have been demonstrated experimentally. Coloured filters have no proven efficacy beyond some probable placebo effect, and their use should not be recommended to private individuals, or supported by public bodies. Resources should instead be directed towards better-proven remedial interventions.Less
This chapter discusses the use of coloured filters to treat reading difficulties, and the theoretical and practical claims that underpin it. It reviews evidence for the efficacy of coloured filters, and reports the results of a new trial in schoolchildren with reading difficulties. It concludes that there is a chasm between the dramatic claims often made for this treatment, and the small and inconsistent effects that have been demonstrated experimentally. Coloured filters have no proven efficacy beyond some probable placebo effect, and their use should not be recommended to private individuals, or supported by public bodies. Resources should instead be directed towards better-proven remedial interventions.
Michael A. Olivas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814762448
- eISBN:
- 9780814762455
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814762448.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This book examines the 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case of Plyler v. Doe. This decision resolved the issue of whether or not state laws could restrict the educational opportunities of immigrant ...
More
This book examines the 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case of Plyler v. Doe. This decision resolved the issue of whether or not state laws could restrict the educational opportunities of immigrant schoolchildren without legal status by denying them permission to enroll or requiring them to pay tuition. The Court determined that states and school districts could not do so without violating the doctrine of equal protection. This case has loomed larger in educational policy as the population of undocumented students has grown and as they graduate from secondary schools and attend colleges in increasing numbers.Less
This book examines the 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case of Plyler v. Doe. This decision resolved the issue of whether or not state laws could restrict the educational opportunities of immigrant schoolchildren without legal status by denying them permission to enroll or requiring them to pay tuition. The Court determined that states and school districts could not do so without violating the doctrine of equal protection. This case has loomed larger in educational policy as the population of undocumented students has grown and as they graduate from secondary schools and attend colleges in increasing numbers.
James C. Raines and Nic T. Dibble
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- March 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197506820
- eISBN:
- 9780197506851
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197506820.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
Ethical decision making in school mental health provides mental health professionals with a seven-step approach to managing ethical predicaments. It combines guidance from four major codes of ethics, ...
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Ethical decision making in school mental health provides mental health professionals with a seven-step approach to managing ethical predicaments. It combines guidance from four major codes of ethics, including the American School Counseling Association, National Association of School Nurses, National Association of School Psychologists, and National Association of Social Workers. Ethical issues are endemic for mental health professionals working with minors in a host setting like schools. New interventions, evolving technologies, and a patchwork of ethical and legal guidelines create a constant stream of new ethical dilemmas. Longstanding and complex questions rarely give way to quick and easy answers. The seven-step model presented here enables readers to apply a practical process that minimizes their liability and protects their students. Beginning with an introduction of the moral, legal, and clinical foundations that undergird ethical practice, the authors present an ethical decision-making model with seven steps: know yourself and your responsibilities, analyze the dilemma, seek consultation, identify courses of action, manage clinical concerns, enact the decision, and reflect on the process. The second edition includes meticulously updated chapters based on recent changes to all of the codes of ethics over the past 10 years. It also has a new chapter on the universal issue of ethical recordkeeping. This handy guide is written for multidisciplinary teams of mental health professionals, including school social workers, school psychologists, school nurses, and school counselors. It provides a trusty resource with the following elements: Clearly organized chapters that introduce a process approach to ethical decision-making; Interprofessional and collaborative approach to working with other stakeholders; Case examples and practice exercises illustrate real work application of ethical guidelines; and Glossary, web resources, and U.S. Supreme Court decisions on students’ civil rights.Less
Ethical decision making in school mental health provides mental health professionals with a seven-step approach to managing ethical predicaments. It combines guidance from four major codes of ethics, including the American School Counseling Association, National Association of School Nurses, National Association of School Psychologists, and National Association of Social Workers. Ethical issues are endemic for mental health professionals working with minors in a host setting like schools. New interventions, evolving technologies, and a patchwork of ethical and legal guidelines create a constant stream of new ethical dilemmas. Longstanding and complex questions rarely give way to quick and easy answers. The seven-step model presented here enables readers to apply a practical process that minimizes their liability and protects their students. Beginning with an introduction of the moral, legal, and clinical foundations that undergird ethical practice, the authors present an ethical decision-making model with seven steps: know yourself and your responsibilities, analyze the dilemma, seek consultation, identify courses of action, manage clinical concerns, enact the decision, and reflect on the process. The second edition includes meticulously updated chapters based on recent changes to all of the codes of ethics over the past 10 years. It also has a new chapter on the universal issue of ethical recordkeeping. This handy guide is written for multidisciplinary teams of mental health professionals, including school social workers, school psychologists, school nurses, and school counselors. It provides a trusty resource with the following elements: Clearly organized chapters that introduce a process approach to ethical decision-making; Interprofessional and collaborative approach to working with other stakeholders; Case examples and practice exercises illustrate real work application of ethical guidelines; and Glossary, web resources, and U.S. Supreme Court decisions on students’ civil rights.
Lorraine E. Maxwell
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0002
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses two separate but related aspects of the school environment: population, in relation to both class size and the size of the school, and crowding. Overcrowding affects the ...
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This chapter discusses two separate but related aspects of the school environment: population, in relation to both class size and the size of the school, and crowding. Overcrowding affects the performance and well-being of both students and teachers. Regardless of school size, overcrowding is a concern if the school is beyond its intended capacity. Population issues relate to both class size and the size of the school. Crowding is both a subjective experience and a measurable condition. Crowded conditions can be alleviated by modifying school size, class size, and furniture arrangements.Less
This chapter discusses two separate but related aspects of the school environment: population, in relation to both class size and the size of the school, and crowding. Overcrowding affects the performance and well-being of both students and teachers. Regardless of school size, overcrowding is a concern if the school is beyond its intended capacity. Population issues relate to both class size and the size of the school. Crowding is both a subjective experience and a measurable condition. Crowded conditions can be alleviated by modifying school size, class size, and furniture arrangements.
Barbara Erwine
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0003
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter describes the breadth of the impact that lighting has on the health, well-being, and performance of schoolchildren and staff. Good lighting design can improve health and learning as well ...
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This chapter describes the breadth of the impact that lighting has on the health, well-being, and performance of schoolchildren and staff. Good lighting design can improve health and learning as well as increase safety, reduce vandalism, lower energy use, and help students maintain visual connections with the environment. In contrast, bad lighting design contributes negatively to these issues. A holistic approach to optimal lighting includes provision of daylight and views in all classrooms and work areas, integration of daylight and electric lighting, and the addition of flexible lighting controls. Causes of lighting problems include insufficient or unbalanced light, glare, unnatural lamp characteristics, and annoying side effects. Careful planning early in the building design results in a healthy lighting system while frequent system assessment ensures consistent performance.Less
This chapter describes the breadth of the impact that lighting has on the health, well-being, and performance of schoolchildren and staff. Good lighting design can improve health and learning as well as increase safety, reduce vandalism, lower energy use, and help students maintain visual connections with the environment. In contrast, bad lighting design contributes negatively to these issues. A holistic approach to optimal lighting includes provision of daylight and views in all classrooms and work areas, integration of daylight and electric lighting, and the addition of flexible lighting controls. Causes of lighting problems include insufficient or unbalanced light, glare, unnatural lamp characteristics, and annoying side effects. Careful planning early in the building design results in a healthy lighting system while frequent system assessment ensures consistent performance.
Lorraine E. Maxwell
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0004
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter examines the nonauditory effect of noise on children, that is, the effect of noise apart from hearing loss. Noise sources can be external (e.g., roads, trains, aircraft) or internal ...
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This chapter examines the nonauditory effect of noise on children, that is, the effect of noise apart from hearing loss. Noise sources can be external (e.g., roads, trains, aircraft) or internal (e.g., resulting from poor acoustic designs for classrooms, normal classroom activities, and ambient sources such as HVAC systems). Both acute and chronic noisy conditions influence learning. Noise affects communication between teachers and students, motivation, attention, memory, and thus academic achievement. A noisy school environment can be a source of stress for both children and teachers. Most efforts to reduce noise are directed at the classroom. Careful school design and modification can alleviate noisy conditions in and around the building.Less
This chapter examines the nonauditory effect of noise on children, that is, the effect of noise apart from hearing loss. Noise sources can be external (e.g., roads, trains, aircraft) or internal (e.g., resulting from poor acoustic designs for classrooms, normal classroom activities, and ambient sources such as HVAC systems). Both acute and chronic noisy conditions influence learning. Noise affects communication between teachers and students, motivation, attention, memory, and thus academic achievement. A noisy school environment can be a source of stress for both children and teachers. Most efforts to reduce noise are directed at the classroom. Careful school design and modification can alleviate noisy conditions in and around the building.
Robin Moore
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0008
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter begins by tracing the history of playgrounds and exploring the philosophies behind the changes. Two major themes emerge. First, playgrounds should be places where children can play ...
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This chapter begins by tracing the history of playgrounds and exploring the philosophies behind the changes. Two major themes emerge. First, playgrounds should be places where children can play without incurring serious injury. Second, playgrounds should be spaces that support healthy child development through the process of active play, learning, and exploration. With regard to playground safety, the chapter reviews trends in injuries and fatalities and presents prevention strategies. Finally, case studies of community-based efforts to create playgrounds and school parks that meet both sets of goals are discussed. Focusing on elementary schools serving children four-twelve years of age (prekindergarten to sixth grade), the chapter offers suggestions on how to optimize playgrounds as educational and developmental settings that are safe for all children.Less
This chapter begins by tracing the history of playgrounds and exploring the philosophies behind the changes. Two major themes emerge. First, playgrounds should be places where children can play without incurring serious injury. Second, playgrounds should be spaces that support healthy child development through the process of active play, learning, and exploration. With regard to playground safety, the chapter reviews trends in injuries and fatalities and presents prevention strategies. Finally, case studies of community-based efforts to create playgrounds and school parks that meet both sets of goals are discussed. Focusing on elementary schools serving children four-twelve years of age (prekindergarten to sixth grade), the chapter offers suggestions on how to optimize playgrounds as educational and developmental settings that are safe for all children.
Andrea Hricko
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0012
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses outdoor air pollution in school environments. Outdoor (ambient) air pollution presents a number of issues in the school environment, including exposure of children to diesel ...
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This chapter discusses outdoor air pollution in school environments. Outdoor (ambient) air pollution presents a number of issues in the school environment, including exposure of children to diesel exhaust from older buses, potential risks for students who play or exercise outdoors on smoggy days, and exposure to emissions from nearby traffic and industrial facilities. There are steps that school administrators can take to protect children and address pollution. These include limiting outdoor activities on high ozone days, keeping students indoors for recess and practices, and contacting the air pollution control authority with any concerns about sources of pollution very close to the school, and discuss the record of the polluting facility.Less
This chapter discusses outdoor air pollution in school environments. Outdoor (ambient) air pollution presents a number of issues in the school environment, including exposure of children to diesel exhaust from older buses, potential risks for students who play or exercise outdoors on smoggy days, and exposure to emissions from nearby traffic and industrial facilities. There are steps that school administrators can take to protect children and address pollution. These include limiting outdoor activities on high ozone days, keeping students indoors for recess and practices, and contacting the air pollution control authority with any concerns about sources of pollution very close to the school, and discuss the record of the polluting facility.
Jennifer Audi and Robert J. Geller
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0015
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter reviews some of the toxic hazards that children might encounter in and around their schools. It discusses the ways in which a child might be exposed, as well as the possible effects of ...
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This chapter reviews some of the toxic hazards that children might encounter in and around their schools. It discusses the ways in which a child might be exposed, as well as the possible effects of the exposures, and reviews strategies to reduce risks and manage the exposures if they do occur.Less
This chapter reviews some of the toxic hazards that children might encounter in and around their schools. It discusses the ways in which a child might be exposed, as well as the possible effects of the exposures, and reviews strategies to reduce risks and manage the exposures if they do occur.
H. Douglas Robertson and Jeffrey C. Tsai
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0021
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The trip to school is very much a part of the school environment. Two aspects of this trip bear directly on children's health and safety: the risk of injuries during the journey and the opportunity ...
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The trip to school is very much a part of the school environment. Two aspects of this trip bear directly on children's health and safety: the risk of injuries during the journey and the opportunity for health promotion through physically active travel such as walking and bicycling. This chapter addresses the first set of concerns. It briefly describes the risks of school travel and offers suggestions for reducing or minimizing them. The emphasis is on “getting it right” by those who are involved. Several checklists are offered for consideration of the types of actions that might reduce the risks associated with the most common means of school travel. Much of the information in the chapter is drawn from a report published by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Research Council, titled The Relative Risks of School Travel: A National Perspective and Guidance for Local Community Risk Assessment.Less
The trip to school is very much a part of the school environment. Two aspects of this trip bear directly on children's health and safety: the risk of injuries during the journey and the opportunity for health promotion through physically active travel such as walking and bicycling. This chapter addresses the first set of concerns. It briefly describes the risks of school travel and offers suggestions for reducing or minimizing them. The emphasis is on “getting it right” by those who are involved. Several checklists are offered for consideration of the types of actions that might reduce the risks associated with the most common means of school travel. Much of the information in the chapter is drawn from a report published by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Research Council, titled The Relative Risks of School Travel: A National Perspective and Guidance for Local Community Risk Assessment.
W. Gerald Teague
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0028
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses issues associated with the care of children with asthma by school personnel. A close partnership built on open communication and preparedness is necessary among school ...
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This chapter discusses issues associated with the care of children with asthma by school personnel. A close partnership built on open communication and preparedness is necessary among school personnel, parents, and health professionals in order to optimize outcomes for children with asthma in the school environment. School personnel should be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack, assess its severity, and initiate treatment. Children with asthma must have ready access to a reliever (rescue) medication that is inhaled to relieve symptoms. School professionals also have a role in prevention.Less
This chapter discusses issues associated with the care of children with asthma by school personnel. A close partnership built on open communication and preparedness is necessary among school personnel, parents, and health professionals in order to optimize outcomes for children with asthma in the school environment. School personnel should be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack, assess its severity, and initiate treatment. Children with asthma must have ready access to a reliever (rescue) medication that is inhaled to relieve symptoms. School professionals also have a role in prevention.
Harry Keyserling
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195179477
- eISBN:
- 9780199864638
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179477.003.0029
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
School environments provide ideal conditions for transmission of infectious diseases. This chapter discusses the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Because infectious diseases ...
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School environments provide ideal conditions for transmission of infectious diseases. This chapter discusses the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Because infectious diseases are transmitted primarily by direct contact with hands, a stringent hand-washing program can be effective in reducing transmission. The most effective prevention strategies must also encompass regular environmental cleaning, comprehensive animal policies, immunizations, isolation of infected people, and mass prophylaxis in some cases.Less
School environments provide ideal conditions for transmission of infectious diseases. This chapter discusses the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Because infectious diseases are transmitted primarily by direct contact with hands, a stringent hand-washing program can be effective in reducing transmission. The most effective prevention strategies must also encompass regular environmental cleaning, comprehensive animal policies, immunizations, isolation of infected people, and mass prophylaxis in some cases.
Felicity Savage King and Ann Burgess
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192622334
- eISBN:
- 9780191723643
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192622334.003.0030
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses the importance of nutrition work in schools. Topics covered include nutrition activities in schools, school health programmes, and school food production.
This chapter discusses the importance of nutrition work in schools. Topics covered include nutrition activities in schools, school health programmes, and school food production.
Lesley Sharp
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229501
- eISBN:
- 9780520935884
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229501.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
Youth and identity politics figure prominently in this study of personal and collective memory in Madagascar. A deeply nuanced ethnography of historical consciousness, it challenges many ...
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Youth and identity politics figure prominently in this study of personal and collective memory in Madagascar. A deeply nuanced ethnography of historical consciousness, it challenges many cross-cultural investigations of youth, for its key actors are not adults but schoolchildren. This book refutes dominant assumptions that African children are the helpless victims of postcolonial crises, incapable of organized, sustained collective thought or action. It insists instead on the political agency of Malagasy youth who, as they decipher their current predicament, offer potent, historicized critiques of colonial violence, nationalist resistance, foreign mass media, and schoolyard survival. The book asserts that autobiography and national history are inextricably linked and therefore must be read in tandem, a process that exposes how political consciousness is forged in the classroom, within the home, and on the street in Madagascar.Less
Youth and identity politics figure prominently in this study of personal and collective memory in Madagascar. A deeply nuanced ethnography of historical consciousness, it challenges many cross-cultural investigations of youth, for its key actors are not adults but schoolchildren. This book refutes dominant assumptions that African children are the helpless victims of postcolonial crises, incapable of organized, sustained collective thought or action. It insists instead on the political agency of Malagasy youth who, as they decipher their current predicament, offer potent, historicized critiques of colonial violence, nationalist resistance, foreign mass media, and schoolyard survival. The book asserts that autobiography and national history are inextricably linked and therefore must be read in tandem, a process that exposes how political consciousness is forged in the classroom, within the home, and on the street in Madagascar.
Ellen Ross
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520249059
- eISBN:
- 9780520940055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520249059.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter focuses on the accounts of Annie (Wood) Besant. Annie Wood came from a comfortably well-to-do family. She was intelligent and well-educated. At the age of nineteen, she married Rev. ...
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This chapter focuses on the accounts of Annie (Wood) Besant. Annie Wood came from a comfortably well-to-do family. She was intelligent and well-educated. At the age of nineteen, she married Rev. Frank Besant. Her marriage to him led to Annie's awakening to the legal and social disabilities of women. She eventually separated from her husband, who won the custody of their two children. Robbed of her own children, Annie started to search for a way to help others. She became a national public speaker and advocated for better working conditions and practices in the labor industry, birth control, the abolishment of school fees, and more meals for schoolchildren. After being active for fifteen years in different branches of British radicalism, Annie converted to Theosophy. She became a leader of the Theosophy movement and became a dominant figure in Indian nationalism during the First World War. In this chapter, the focus is on Annie's account of money, prices, wages, and rent.Less
This chapter focuses on the accounts of Annie (Wood) Besant. Annie Wood came from a comfortably well-to-do family. She was intelligent and well-educated. At the age of nineteen, she married Rev. Frank Besant. Her marriage to him led to Annie's awakening to the legal and social disabilities of women. She eventually separated from her husband, who won the custody of their two children. Robbed of her own children, Annie started to search for a way to help others. She became a national public speaker and advocated for better working conditions and practices in the labor industry, birth control, the abolishment of school fees, and more meals for schoolchildren. After being active for fifteen years in different branches of British radicalism, Annie converted to Theosophy. She became a leader of the Theosophy movement and became a dominant figure in Indian nationalism during the First World War. In this chapter, the focus is on Annie's account of money, prices, wages, and rent.
Lisa Pollard
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520240223
- eISBN:
- 9780520937536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520240223.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
British administrators and Egyptian nationalists subjected elite Egyptian schoolchildren to a reform of their personal behavior that was designed to fit the needs of the Egyptian state—both as it ...
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British administrators and Egyptian nationalists subjected elite Egyptian schoolchildren to a reform of their personal behavior that was designed to fit the needs of the Egyptian state—both as it transformed itself and as it struggled to liberate itself from the British. British government officials called for the creation of more productive, more modern Egyptians to serve the state. The classroom became the laboratory in which Egyptian youth learned and practiced new habits, behaviors, and relationships. The most basic lesson which turn-of-the-century Egyptian children learned was that their cultural traditions were responsible for Egypt's backwardness and its subsequent occupation. Teachers of all subjects taught Egyptian children that only when they learned and practiced a new set of traditions in their private and public lives would they be capable of accompanying Egypt into a modern and independent age.Less
British administrators and Egyptian nationalists subjected elite Egyptian schoolchildren to a reform of their personal behavior that was designed to fit the needs of the Egyptian state—both as it transformed itself and as it struggled to liberate itself from the British. British government officials called for the creation of more productive, more modern Egyptians to serve the state. The classroom became the laboratory in which Egyptian youth learned and practiced new habits, behaviors, and relationships. The most basic lesson which turn-of-the-century Egyptian children learned was that their cultural traditions were responsible for Egypt's backwardness and its subsequent occupation. Teachers of all subjects taught Egyptian children that only when they learned and practiced a new set of traditions in their private and public lives would they be capable of accompanying Egypt into a modern and independent age.
Edward Zigler, Katherine Marsland, and Heather Lord
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300122336
- eISBN:
- 9780300156263
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300122336.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter examines how parents manage the gap between the end of the school day and the end of the typical workday; discusses the consequences of those child care choices for a child's health, ...
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This chapter examines how parents manage the gap between the end of the school day and the end of the typical workday; discusses the consequences of those child care choices for a child's health, safety, and development; and considers historical and recent efforts to address the child care needs of school-age children. It suggests that a solution to the problem of providing care for school-age children is attainable in the near future and may constitute a first step toward a universal system of care for children of all ages.Less
This chapter examines how parents manage the gap between the end of the school day and the end of the typical workday; discusses the consequences of those child care choices for a child's health, safety, and development; and considers historical and recent efforts to address the child care needs of school-age children. It suggests that a solution to the problem of providing care for school-age children is attainable in the near future and may constitute a first step toward a universal system of care for children of all ages.
Rachel Morello-Frosch, Manuel Pastor, and James Sadd
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520270206
- eISBN:
- 9780520950429
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520270206.003.0005
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter discusses a scientific analysis conducted by the Southern California Environmental Justice Collaborative. This community-based participatory research project, focusing on environmental ...
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This chapter discusses a scientific analysis conducted by the Southern California Environmental Justice Collaborative. This community-based participatory research project, focusing on environmental health in Los Angeles schools, used secondary data analysis to answer scientific questions that informed policy advocacy and the organizing strategies of community partners. The chapter also presents quantitative results from the analysis on environmental inequality in exposure to ambient-air toxics and associated health risks among schoolchildren. It examines the implications of this work for regional and state policy, and the possibility of better application of the precautionary principle to issues of environmental justice. Integrating environmental justice and the precautionary principle is essential to protect vulnerable populations and eliminate persistent racial and class-based disparities in environmental hazard exposures and health outcomes.Less
This chapter discusses a scientific analysis conducted by the Southern California Environmental Justice Collaborative. This community-based participatory research project, focusing on environmental health in Los Angeles schools, used secondary data analysis to answer scientific questions that informed policy advocacy and the organizing strategies of community partners. The chapter also presents quantitative results from the analysis on environmental inequality in exposure to ambient-air toxics and associated health risks among schoolchildren. It examines the implications of this work for regional and state policy, and the possibility of better application of the precautionary principle to issues of environmental justice. Integrating environmental justice and the precautionary principle is essential to protect vulnerable populations and eliminate persistent racial and class-based disparities in environmental hazard exposures and health outcomes.
Patti M. Valkenburg and Jessica Taylor Piotrowski
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300218879
- eISBN:
- 9780300228090
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300218879.003.0005
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter highlights how children 5–12 years of age perceive the world—connecting this development with their media preferences. Since five-year-olds and nine-year-olds look at the world very ...
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This chapter highlights how children 5–12 years of age perceive the world—connecting this development with their media preferences. Since five-year-olds and nine-year-olds look at the world very differently, this age period is divided into two groups: young elementary schoolchildren (5–7 years old) and preadolescents (8–12). For both groups, the chapter discusses the most significant developmental changes and connects these changes with media preferences. For example, what is the “spinach syndrome”? What sort of humor do children in both age groups prefer? Why do children recognize bad acting only at around eight years? Why does collecting become important to children in this period? And when and why does the peer group emerge as a key context?Less
This chapter highlights how children 5–12 years of age perceive the world—connecting this development with their media preferences. Since five-year-olds and nine-year-olds look at the world very differently, this age period is divided into two groups: young elementary schoolchildren (5–7 years old) and preadolescents (8–12). For both groups, the chapter discusses the most significant developmental changes and connects these changes with media preferences. For example, what is the “spinach syndrome”? What sort of humor do children in both age groups prefer? Why do children recognize bad acting only at around eight years? Why does collecting become important to children in this period? And when and why does the peer group emerge as a key context?