Donald Maurice
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195156904
- eISBN:
- 9780199868339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156904.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the ...
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This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.Less
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.
Matthew S. Seligmann
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199574032
- eISBN:
- 9780191741432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574032.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Military History
This final chapter considers the place of this book and its research finding in the current historiography of the Anglo-German naval race. It concludes, contrary to current revisionist ...
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This final chapter considers the place of this book and its research finding in the current historiography of the Anglo-German naval race. It concludes, contrary to current revisionist interpretations, that Germany emerged as a major factor in British naval planning after 1901. However, this was not, as orthodox historians would maintain, because of the growth of the German battle fleet, but because of fears that parts of the German merchant navy would be used in wartime to attack British trade. It ends by considering why this has not been understood before. In this context it puts forward the suggestion of Admiral Slade that people have been hypnotized by the big ship question, thereby ignoring the less glamorous question of trade defence.Less
This final chapter considers the place of this book and its research finding in the current historiography of the Anglo-German naval race. It concludes, contrary to current revisionist interpretations, that Germany emerged as a major factor in British naval planning after 1901. However, this was not, as orthodox historians would maintain, because of the growth of the German battle fleet, but because of fears that parts of the German merchant navy would be used in wartime to attack British trade. It ends by considering why this has not been understood before. In this context it puts forward the suggestion of Admiral Slade that people have been hypnotized by the big ship question, thereby ignoring the less glamorous question of trade defence.
Matthew S. Seligmann
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199261505
- eISBN:
- 9780191718618
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261505.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The book ends by summarizing the case made. It concludes that service attachés were a vital source of military and naval information for the British government, that they predicted developments ...
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The book ends by summarizing the case made. It concludes that service attachés were a vital source of military and naval information for the British government, that they predicted developments ranging from the impact of Fokker aircraft through to the probability of Germany starting a major war between 1913 and 1915, and that their views influenced those in charge of British policy. This conclusion challenges the arguments of those revisionist historians who contend that Germany posed no threat to the existing European order and that the British Government had no reason to suppose that Germany had aggressive intentions. On the contrary, courtesy of the reports of the military and naval attachés, the Admiralty, War Office and Foreign Office and, through them, the rest of the Government had extensive grounds for worrying about Germany's aggressive intent. That they shaped their policy accordingly was, therefore, not irrational, as some historians suggest, but the logical response to the information available to them, as was Britain's entry into the First World War.Less
The book ends by summarizing the case made. It concludes that service attachés were a vital source of military and naval information for the British government, that they predicted developments ranging from the impact of Fokker aircraft through to the probability of Germany starting a major war between 1913 and 1915, and that their views influenced those in charge of British policy. This conclusion challenges the arguments of those revisionist historians who contend that Germany posed no threat to the existing European order and that the British Government had no reason to suppose that Germany had aggressive intentions. On the contrary, courtesy of the reports of the military and naval attachés, the Admiralty, War Office and Foreign Office and, through them, the rest of the Government had extensive grounds for worrying about Germany's aggressive intent. That they shaped their policy accordingly was, therefore, not irrational, as some historians suggest, but the logical response to the information available to them, as was Britain's entry into the First World War.
Chris Bramall
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199275939
- eISBN:
- 9780191706073
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199275939.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
The constellation of post-1978 economic policy changes could, in principle, explain the accelerating pace of rural industrial growth, and this explanation features prominently in literature. The ...
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The constellation of post-1978 economic policy changes could, in principle, explain the accelerating pace of rural industrial growth, and this explanation features prominently in literature. The explanation offered by the orthodoxy is that private enterprise, both domestic and foreign, was crucial. In contrast, revisionist scholars emphasize the role played by fiscal decentralization. Neither explanation is compelling; the orthodoxy exaggerates the contribution of the private sector, whereas the revisionist approach understates the extensive decentralization of the Chinese fiscal system, which had already occurred before 1978. Both approaches err in neglecting the contribution made by the development of skills during the Maoist era to subsequent rural industrialization.Less
The constellation of post-1978 economic policy changes could, in principle, explain the accelerating pace of rural industrial growth, and this explanation features prominently in literature. The explanation offered by the orthodoxy is that private enterprise, both domestic and foreign, was crucial. In contrast, revisionist scholars emphasize the role played by fiscal decentralization. Neither explanation is compelling; the orthodoxy exaggerates the contribution of the private sector, whereas the revisionist approach understates the extensive decentralization of the Chinese fiscal system, which had already occurred before 1978. Both approaches err in neglecting the contribution made by the development of skills during the Maoist era to subsequent rural industrialization.
Steven K. Green
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195399677
- eISBN:
- 9780199777150
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195399677.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity, Religion and Society
This chapter discusses the reactions among conservative clergy to disestablishment that were generated by the French Revolution and Jefferson’s election as president in 1800. It examines the impact ...
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This chapter discusses the reactions among conservative clergy to disestablishment that were generated by the French Revolution and Jefferson’s election as president in 1800. It examines the impact of the rise of evangelicalism through the Second Great Awakening, the subsequent creation of moral reform societies, and the leadership of Lyman Beecher. It documents the rise of evangelical revisionist histories which sought to establish the religious nature of the founding period by creating a myth about America’s Christian nationhood. Finally, it discusses ongoing resistance among Jeffersonians, including the controversy over Sunday mail delivery in the late 1820s.Less
This chapter discusses the reactions among conservative clergy to disestablishment that were generated by the French Revolution and Jefferson’s election as president in 1800. It examines the impact of the rise of evangelicalism through the Second Great Awakening, the subsequent creation of moral reform societies, and the leadership of Lyman Beecher. It documents the rise of evangelical revisionist histories which sought to establish the religious nature of the founding period by creating a myth about America’s Christian nationhood. Finally, it discusses ongoing resistance among Jeffersonians, including the controversy over Sunday mail delivery in the late 1820s.
PETER MARSHALL
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198207733
- eISBN:
- 9780191716812
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207733.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This introductory chapter surveys the recent scholarship in the social history of death, drawing attention to a relative neglect of studies on attitudes towards the dead. It discusses the benefits ...
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This introductory chapter surveys the recent scholarship in the social history of death, drawing attention to a relative neglect of studies on attitudes towards the dead. It discusses the benefits and limitations of social anthropology for the study of this theme, and places the book's argument in the context of the current historiography of the English Reformation, and of revisionist and post-revisionist approaches to the assessment of religious change in Tudor and early Stuart England.Less
This introductory chapter surveys the recent scholarship in the social history of death, drawing attention to a relative neglect of studies on attitudes towards the dead. It discusses the benefits and limitations of social anthropology for the study of this theme, and places the book's argument in the context of the current historiography of the English Reformation, and of revisionist and post-revisionist approaches to the assessment of religious change in Tudor and early Stuart England.
Michael B. Boston
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034737
- eISBN:
- 9780813038193
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034737.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book offers a radical departure from other interpretations of Booker T. Washington by focusing on his business ideas and practices. More specifically, the book examines Washington as an ...
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This book offers a radical departure from other interpretations of Booker T. Washington by focusing on his business ideas and practices. More specifically, the book examines Washington as an entrepreneur, spelling out his business philosophy at great length and discussing the influence it had on black America. It analyzes the national and regional economies in which Washington worked and focuses on his advocacy of black business development as the key to economic uplift for African Americans. The result is a revisionist book that responds to the skewed literature on Washington, even as it offers a new framework for understanding him. Based upon a deep reading of the Tuskegee archives, the book acknowledges Washington not only as a champion of black business development but one who conceived and implemented successful strategies to promote it as well.Less
This book offers a radical departure from other interpretations of Booker T. Washington by focusing on his business ideas and practices. More specifically, the book examines Washington as an entrepreneur, spelling out his business philosophy at great length and discussing the influence it had on black America. It analyzes the national and regional economies in which Washington worked and focuses on his advocacy of black business development as the key to economic uplift for African Americans. The result is a revisionist book that responds to the skewed literature on Washington, even as it offers a new framework for understanding him. Based upon a deep reading of the Tuskegee archives, the book acknowledges Washington not only as a champion of black business development but one who conceived and implemented successful strategies to promote it as well.
Peter J. Thuesen
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195174274
- eISBN:
- 9780199872138
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195174274.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Church History
This chapter focuses on two Anglo Protestant groups with genetic links to Puritanism: Presbyterians and Baptists. Both are well known in American history for the splits they suffered over revivalism, ...
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This chapter focuses on two Anglo Protestant groups with genetic links to Puritanism: Presbyterians and Baptists. Both are well known in American history for the splits they suffered over revivalism, biblical interpretation, and slavery. But predestination always lurked just below the surface, and controversy erupted every time some faction attempted to articulate the definitive Presbyterian or Baptist position. When a movement arose among Presbyterians in the late 19th century to soften the Westminster Confession's statement on God's eternal decree, traditionalists cried foul. The revisionists eventually won a partial victory, but not before igniting a denominational firestorm and exacerbating North‐South differences. Baptists, meanwhile, had disagreed over predestination since the seventeenth century. In the Southern Baptist Convention, these tensions simmered until the turn of the 21st century, when the conservatives who engineered a successful takeover of denominational institutions descended into a bitter family feud over the Calvinistic doctrine of election.Less
This chapter focuses on two Anglo Protestant groups with genetic links to Puritanism: Presbyterians and Baptists. Both are well known in American history for the splits they suffered over revivalism, biblical interpretation, and slavery. But predestination always lurked just below the surface, and controversy erupted every time some faction attempted to articulate the definitive Presbyterian or Baptist position. When a movement arose among Presbyterians in the late 19th century to soften the Westminster Confession's statement on God's eternal decree, traditionalists cried foul. The revisionists eventually won a partial victory, but not before igniting a denominational firestorm and exacerbating North‐South differences. Baptists, meanwhile, had disagreed over predestination since the seventeenth century. In the Southern Baptist Convention, these tensions simmered until the turn of the 21st century, when the conservatives who engineered a successful takeover of denominational institutions descended into a bitter family feud over the Calvinistic doctrine of election.
Thomas J. Christensen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691142609
- eISBN:
- 9781400838813
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691142609.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book examines the alliance dynamics of Cold War East Asia during the period 1949–1969, arguing that disunity, lack of coordination, and intra-alliance rivalry increased both the chance that ...
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This book examines the alliance dynamics of Cold War East Asia during the period 1949–1969, arguing that disunity, lack of coordination, and intra-alliance rivalry increased both the chance that regional conflicts would occur and the likelihood that existing conflicts would persist and escalate. It shows that, in their formative years, both the U.S.-led alliance system and the Asian communist alliance sent dangerously confusing signals regarding the cohesion, resolve, and intent of their respective blocs. These signals undercut coercive diplomacy in Asia and created conditions for both crisis and war. The book considers two forms of dangerous dynamics among enemy alliances: poor coordination and, in the case of revisionist alliances, the catalyzing effect of ideology and the pursuit of prestige on aggression toward enemies. It also explores the legacies of U.S. Cold War alliances for contemporary Sino-American relations and concludes with a chapter on post-Cold War East Asia.Less
This book examines the alliance dynamics of Cold War East Asia during the period 1949–1969, arguing that disunity, lack of coordination, and intra-alliance rivalry increased both the chance that regional conflicts would occur and the likelihood that existing conflicts would persist and escalate. It shows that, in their formative years, both the U.S.-led alliance system and the Asian communist alliance sent dangerously confusing signals regarding the cohesion, resolve, and intent of their respective blocs. These signals undercut coercive diplomacy in Asia and created conditions for both crisis and war. The book considers two forms of dangerous dynamics among enemy alliances: poor coordination and, in the case of revisionist alliances, the catalyzing effect of ideology and the pursuit of prestige on aggression toward enemies. It also explores the legacies of U.S. Cold War alliances for contemporary Sino-American relations and concludes with a chapter on post-Cold War East Asia.
Matthew S. Seligmann
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199574032
- eISBN:
- 9780191741432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574032.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Military History
This chapter first sets out the current lines of debate over British naval policy before the First World War. The traditional or orthodox school of thought, typified by the works of Arthur Marder, ...
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This chapter first sets out the current lines of debate over British naval policy before the First World War. The traditional or orthodox school of thought, typified by the works of Arthur Marder, argues that around 1902 the growing German navy replaced the navies of France and Russia to become the main threat to British maritime security in the eyes of the British Admiralty. A revisionist school argues that, because the German navy was composed of battleships and could not, therefore, target British trade, France and Russia remained the main opponents. This introduction contests both of these views. It proposes that Germany became a danger around 1902, not because of the growth of the German battle fleet but because Germany had a means of attacking British trade by arming its fleet of fast transatlantic liners. The Admiralty recognized this and devoted the next decade to developing countermeasures.Less
This chapter first sets out the current lines of debate over British naval policy before the First World War. The traditional or orthodox school of thought, typified by the works of Arthur Marder, argues that around 1902 the growing German navy replaced the navies of France and Russia to become the main threat to British maritime security in the eyes of the British Admiralty. A revisionist school argues that, because the German navy was composed of battleships and could not, therefore, target British trade, France and Russia remained the main opponents. This introduction contests both of these views. It proposes that Germany became a danger around 1902, not because of the growth of the German battle fleet but because Germany had a means of attacking British trade by arming its fleet of fast transatlantic liners. The Admiralty recognized this and devoted the next decade to developing countermeasures.
CHRISTOPHER STORRS
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199246373
- eISBN:
- 9780191715242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199246373.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This introductory chapter critically examines the historiography of Spanish decline in the seventeenth century. It considers the survival of the monarchy in the reign of Carlos II, identifying an ...
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This introductory chapter critically examines the historiography of Spanish decline in the seventeenth century. It considers the survival of the monarchy in the reign of Carlos II, identifying an alternative explanation for the success: the resilience of the Spanish imperial structure in that era.Less
This introductory chapter critically examines the historiography of Spanish decline in the seventeenth century. It considers the survival of the monarchy in the reign of Carlos II, identifying an alternative explanation for the success: the resilience of the Spanish imperial structure in that era.
Simon J. Potter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199265121
- eISBN:
- 9780191718427
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199265121.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter aims to apply the revisionist approach to the study of the history of the press as an imperial institution. It examines how certain forces acted to undermine voluntary cooperation during ...
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This chapter aims to apply the revisionist approach to the study of the history of the press as an imperial institution. It examines how certain forces acted to undermine voluntary cooperation during the Second World War and the subsequent fragmentation of the British world. It adds that the examination of the imperial press system also fills the gap in the history of the British media. It shows that the relationship between commercial interest and identity was much more complex than has previously been acknowledged. It discusses that as with the press, the maintenance of the Anglo-Dominion relationship involved a process of bargaining and negotiation between various groups, offering possibilities for but also establishing the limits of closer imperial integration. It explains that an imperial perspective reveals a complexity that has previously been obscured by attempts to create disaggregated national narratives.Less
This chapter aims to apply the revisionist approach to the study of the history of the press as an imperial institution. It examines how certain forces acted to undermine voluntary cooperation during the Second World War and the subsequent fragmentation of the British world. It adds that the examination of the imperial press system also fills the gap in the history of the British media. It shows that the relationship between commercial interest and identity was much more complex than has previously been acknowledged. It discusses that as with the press, the maintenance of the Anglo-Dominion relationship involved a process of bargaining and negotiation between various groups, offering possibilities for but also establishing the limits of closer imperial integration. It explains that an imperial perspective reveals a complexity that has previously been obscured by attempts to create disaggregated national narratives.
PETER MARSHALL
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198207733
- eISBN:
- 9780191716812
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207733.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This concluding chapter emphasises how changing attitudes towards the dead represented a revolution of sensibilities, and led to the creation of new patterns of church life; new forms of public and ...
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This concluding chapter emphasises how changing attitudes towards the dead represented a revolution of sensibilities, and led to the creation of new patterns of church life; new forms of public and civic commemoration; new uses of ritual space; new possibilities for cultural expression. Against the suggestion of some literary critics and post-revisionist historians — that the space left by the demise of purgatory was readily filled with functional substitutes — it argues that purgatory's disappearance represented a cultural change of profound significance. Yet the Reformation did not lead to a compete ‘separation’ of the living and the dead, and substantial continuities remained. The book concludes with the paradoxical reflection that the religious and cultural problem represented by the dead could be both a force for radical change, and for cautious conservatism, and that the necessity of dealing with the dead was a profound influence on the complex character of the English Reformation as a whole.Less
This concluding chapter emphasises how changing attitudes towards the dead represented a revolution of sensibilities, and led to the creation of new patterns of church life; new forms of public and civic commemoration; new uses of ritual space; new possibilities for cultural expression. Against the suggestion of some literary critics and post-revisionist historians — that the space left by the demise of purgatory was readily filled with functional substitutes — it argues that purgatory's disappearance represented a cultural change of profound significance. Yet the Reformation did not lead to a compete ‘separation’ of the living and the dead, and substantial continuities remained. The book concludes with the paradoxical reflection that the religious and cultural problem represented by the dead could be both a force for radical change, and for cautious conservatism, and that the necessity of dealing with the dead was a profound influence on the complex character of the English Reformation as a whole.
Andrew J. Friedenthal
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496811325
- eISBN:
- 9781496811363
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496811325.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This book argues that the narrative/world-building technique known as retroactive continuity, often overlooked by literary scholars and media historians alike, has become a naturalized and ubiquitous ...
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This book argues that the narrative/world-building technique known as retroactive continuity, often overlooked by literary scholars and media historians alike, has become a naturalized and ubiquitous part of popular culture. A careful look at the history of retroactive continuity–or retconning– reveals how its growing acceptance as a part of popular narratives has led to a complex, complicated understanding of the ways in which history and story can interact, ultimately creating a cultural atmosphere that is increasingly accepting of revisionist historical narratives. This can be seen most potently in the way that the editable hyperlink, rather than the stable footnote, has become the de facto source of information in America today. The groundwork for this major cultural shift has been laid for decades via our modes of entertainment. To embrace the concept of retroactive continuity in fictional media means accepting that the past, itself, is not a stable element, but rather something that is constantly in contentious flux. Thus retconning, on the whole, has a positive impact on society, fostering a sense of history itself as a constructed narrative and engendering an acceptance of how historical narratives can and should be recast to allow for a broader field of stories to be told in the present.Less
This book argues that the narrative/world-building technique known as retroactive continuity, often overlooked by literary scholars and media historians alike, has become a naturalized and ubiquitous part of popular culture. A careful look at the history of retroactive continuity–or retconning– reveals how its growing acceptance as a part of popular narratives has led to a complex, complicated understanding of the ways in which history and story can interact, ultimately creating a cultural atmosphere that is increasingly accepting of revisionist historical narratives. This can be seen most potently in the way that the editable hyperlink, rather than the stable footnote, has become the de facto source of information in America today. The groundwork for this major cultural shift has been laid for decades via our modes of entertainment. To embrace the concept of retroactive continuity in fictional media means accepting that the past, itself, is not a stable element, but rather something that is constantly in contentious flux. Thus retconning, on the whole, has a positive impact on society, fostering a sense of history itself as a constructed narrative and engendering an acceptance of how historical narratives can and should be recast to allow for a broader field of stories to be told in the present.
Miles Hollingworth
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199861590
- eISBN:
- 9780199345441
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199861590.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
St. Augustine was undoubtedly one of the great thinkers of the early church. Yet it has long been assumed—and not without reason—that the main lines of his thought have been more or less fixed since ...
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St. Augustine was undoubtedly one of the great thinkers of the early church. Yet it has long been assumed—and not without reason—that the main lines of his thought have been more or less fixed since his death. That insofar as we should be aware of him in the twenty-first century, he is a figure described, if not circumscribed, by his times. A major revisionist treatment of Augustine’s life and thought, Saint Augustine of Hippo overturns this assumption. In a stimulating and provocative reinterpretation of Augustine’s ideas and their position in the Western intellectual tradition, Miles Hollingworth, though well versed in the latest scholarship, draws his inspiration largely from the actual narrative of Augustine’s life. By this means he reintroduces a cardinal but long-neglected fact to the center of Augustinian studies: that there is a direct line from Augustine’s own early experiences of life to his later commentaries on humanity. Augustine’s new Christianity did not—in blunt assaults of dogma and doctrine—obliterate what had gone before. Instead, it actually caught a subtle and reflective mind at the point when it was despairing of finding the truth. Christianity vindicated a disquiet that Augustine had been feeling all along: he felt that it alone had spoken to his serious rage about man, abandoned to the world and dislocated from all real understanding by haunting glimpses of the Divine.Less
St. Augustine was undoubtedly one of the great thinkers of the early church. Yet it has long been assumed—and not without reason—that the main lines of his thought have been more or less fixed since his death. That insofar as we should be aware of him in the twenty-first century, he is a figure described, if not circumscribed, by his times. A major revisionist treatment of Augustine’s life and thought, Saint Augustine of Hippo overturns this assumption. In a stimulating and provocative reinterpretation of Augustine’s ideas and their position in the Western intellectual tradition, Miles Hollingworth, though well versed in the latest scholarship, draws his inspiration largely from the actual narrative of Augustine’s life. By this means he reintroduces a cardinal but long-neglected fact to the center of Augustinian studies: that there is a direct line from Augustine’s own early experiences of life to his later commentaries on humanity. Augustine’s new Christianity did not—in blunt assaults of dogma and doctrine—obliterate what had gone before. Instead, it actually caught a subtle and reflective mind at the point when it was despairing of finding the truth. Christianity vindicated a disquiet that Augustine had been feeling all along: he felt that it alone had spoken to his serious rage about man, abandoned to the world and dislocated from all real understanding by haunting glimpses of the Divine.
Ying Zhu
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099401
- eISBN:
- 9789882207646
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099401.003.0002
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Television
This chapter examines the ideological positioning of the revisionist Qing drama. Yongzheng Dynasty (Yongzheng wangchao, 1999), Kangxi Dynasty (Kangxi wangchao, 2001), and Qianlong Dynasty (Qianlong ...
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This chapter examines the ideological positioning of the revisionist Qing drama. Yongzheng Dynasty (Yongzheng wangchao, 1999), Kangxi Dynasty (Kangxi wangchao, 2001), and Qianlong Dynasty (Qianlong wangchao, 2003) are the best illustrations of the revisionist genre. They feature emperors and patriots who struggle against internal corruption and social injustice as well as external threats, depicting a fictional time of heroic figures and events. The chapter argues that the revisionist drama is informed by post-1989 Tiananmen Square intellectual debates concerning the current state and future direction of China's march toward modernization and the ramifications of this. Yongzheng Dynasty serves as a case in point to illustrate how dynasty dramas have responded to the political and cultural ethos of the time.Less
This chapter examines the ideological positioning of the revisionist Qing drama. Yongzheng Dynasty (Yongzheng wangchao, 1999), Kangxi Dynasty (Kangxi wangchao, 2001), and Qianlong Dynasty (Qianlong wangchao, 2003) are the best illustrations of the revisionist genre. They feature emperors and patriots who struggle against internal corruption and social injustice as well as external threats, depicting a fictional time of heroic figures and events. The chapter argues that the revisionist drama is informed by post-1989 Tiananmen Square intellectual debates concerning the current state and future direction of China's march toward modernization and the ramifications of this. Yongzheng Dynasty serves as a case in point to illustrate how dynasty dramas have responded to the political and cultural ethos of the time.
Ezra Mendelsohn
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195112030
- eISBN:
- 9780199854608
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195112030.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
This chapter focuses on the discussion of the role of political romanticism and national myths in Jabotinsky's youthful weltanschauung (before he became the leader of a political movement), and his ...
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This chapter focuses on the discussion of the role of political romanticism and national myths in Jabotinsky's youthful weltanschauung (before he became the leader of a political movement), and his use of these elements later on, when the Revisionist movement found itself divided as to how best to wage the struggle for national liberation. It also shows that a duality had long been evident in Jabotinsky's weltanschauung and operative ideology, and in terms of the latter, it was rationalism that tended to prevail.Less
This chapter focuses on the discussion of the role of political romanticism and national myths in Jabotinsky's youthful weltanschauung (before he became the leader of a political movement), and his use of these elements later on, when the Revisionist movement found itself divided as to how best to wage the struggle for national liberation. It also shows that a duality had long been evident in Jabotinsky's weltanschauung and operative ideology, and in terms of the latter, it was rationalism that tended to prevail.
Brenda E. Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195118032
- eISBN:
- 9780199853793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195118032.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This Introduction provides a brief background of the life, bonds, and challenges that faced the black slave community in Loudoun. Proponents of slavery claimed that conditions for the creation of a ...
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This Introduction provides a brief background of the life, bonds, and challenges that faced the black slave community in Loudoun. Proponents of slavery claimed that conditions for the creation of a stable, nuclear family for slaves was made possible by the institutions of Loudoun, and that support, in terms of living costs and moral training, was made available to these people by their owners' generosity. Revisionists have argued against this view, citing instances where even the size of the slaveholdings could not provide the stability necessary for the formation of traditional families. Instead, flexible extended slave families were formed to provide nurture, education, and socialization for its members, to cope with the ever-present threat of displacement by their owners. In the next section, the lives of emancipated black people in the community are discussed and contrasted with their slave kinsmen, along with the emergence of opposition to the proslavery ideology.Less
This Introduction provides a brief background of the life, bonds, and challenges that faced the black slave community in Loudoun. Proponents of slavery claimed that conditions for the creation of a stable, nuclear family for slaves was made possible by the institutions of Loudoun, and that support, in terms of living costs and moral training, was made available to these people by their owners' generosity. Revisionists have argued against this view, citing instances where even the size of the slaveholdings could not provide the stability necessary for the formation of traditional families. Instead, flexible extended slave families were formed to provide nurture, education, and socialization for its members, to cope with the ever-present threat of displacement by their owners. In the next section, the lives of emancipated black people in the community are discussed and contrasted with their slave kinsmen, along with the emergence of opposition to the proslavery ideology.
Julian Davies
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203117
- eISBN:
- 9780191675720
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203117.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
This chapter discusses the presuppositions from which the revisionist historiography originated. It notes that a religious–political dichotomy cannot be equated with a spiritual–secular one. The ...
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This chapter discusses the presuppositions from which the revisionist historiography originated. It notes that a religious–political dichotomy cannot be equated with a spiritual–secular one. The chapter explains that within revisionist historiography, it is impossible to overestimate the significance of Arminianism, both as a cause of Charles I's troubles but also as the pivot upon which a not inconsiderable part of the revisionist case rests. It explains that Carolinism represented the policy of Charles I to realize his highly personal notion of sacramental kingship by exploring his prerogative as Supreme Governor of the Church. The chapter argues that if the Caroline Church left its mark, it was in the realm of political ideology and practice rather than spirituality – its legacy was to be seen in the survival of opposition to Anglican moderation manifested in several events.Less
This chapter discusses the presuppositions from which the revisionist historiography originated. It notes that a religious–political dichotomy cannot be equated with a spiritual–secular one. The chapter explains that within revisionist historiography, it is impossible to overestimate the significance of Arminianism, both as a cause of Charles I's troubles but also as the pivot upon which a not inconsiderable part of the revisionist case rests. It explains that Carolinism represented the policy of Charles I to realize his highly personal notion of sacramental kingship by exploring his prerogative as Supreme Governor of the Church. The chapter argues that if the Caroline Church left its mark, it was in the realm of political ideology and practice rather than spirituality – its legacy was to be seen in the survival of opposition to Anglican moderation manifested in several events.
F. M. Kamm
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195144024
- eISBN:
- 9780199870998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195144023.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Examines the question of whether it is morally permissible to treat people in ways ruled out by the Principle of Permissible Harm (PPH; this was introduced in Ch. 7 and provides an account of certain ...
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Examines the question of whether it is morally permissible to treat people in ways ruled out by the Principle of Permissible Harm (PPH; this was introduced in Ch. 7 and provides an account of certain restrictions/constraints on killing) only for the sake of minimizing violations of the PPH itself, or whether there is a constraint on doing this. Ch. 9 examines further one approach to the Selection Problem introduced in Ch. 8 that arises in justifying restrictions/constraints, namely, agent differentiation: the fact that something would be done by me rather than by someone else. Traditional victim‐focussed views (the victim's right or the inappropriateness of the relation in which he would stand to those for whom he would be sacrificed constrain and make it wrong for the agent to kill) are contrasted with four revisionist (agent‐relative and agent‐focussed) views on dealing with cases in which one person is killed in order to save others from being killed. Different notions of the self, act‐scenes, negative factors to be avoided, temporal dimensions, doomed victims, and degrees of self‐indulgence are examined in relation to the problem of justifying the constraint. One revisionist view is shown to bear a crucial similarity to the traditional view.Less
Examines the question of whether it is morally permissible to treat people in ways ruled out by the Principle of Permissible Harm (PPH; this was introduced in Ch. 7 and provides an account of certain restrictions/constraints on killing) only for the sake of minimizing violations of the PPH itself, or whether there is a constraint on doing this. Ch. 9 examines further one approach to the Selection Problem introduced in Ch. 8 that arises in justifying restrictions/constraints, namely, agent differentiation: the fact that something would be done by me rather than by someone else. Traditional victim‐focussed views (the victim's right or the inappropriateness of the relation in which he would stand to those for whom he would be sacrificed constrain and make it wrong for the agent to kill) are contrasted with four revisionist (agent‐relative and agent‐focussed) views on dealing with cases in which one person is killed in order to save others from being killed. Different notions of the self, act‐scenes, negative factors to be avoided, temporal dimensions, doomed victims, and degrees of self‐indulgence are examined in relation to the problem of justifying the constraint. One revisionist view is shown to bear a crucial similarity to the traditional view.
