Lawrence A. Palinkas and Haluk Soydan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This book is about conducting research on the process and outcomes of the translation and implementation of evidence-based practices in social work. Its aims are to outline a strategy for conducting ...
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This book is about conducting research on the process and outcomes of the translation and implementation of evidence-based practices in social work. Its aims are to outline a strategy for conducting such research and to identify the infrastructure and resources necessary to support such research within the field of social work. Using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap as a guide, the book describes the challenges of investigating the process and outcomes of efforts to translate and implement evidence-based social work practice. It begins with a general introduction to the topic of translation and implementation of evidence-based practice and its importance to the field of social work. It then moves to an examination of the methods for studying the effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based practices and the organizational context in which these activities occur in social work practice. It also describes the use of mixed-methods designs and community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods to address these challenges. It is unique in that it provides case studies of research on the translation and implementation in social work practice, identifies potential barriers to conducting such research, and offers recommendations and guidelines for addressing these barriers. The proposed strategy is founded on the principle and practice of cultural exchange between members of social worker–led interdisciplinary research teams and between researchers and practitioners. The outcome of such exchanges is the transformation of social work research and practice through the linkage between translational research and research translation.Less
This book is about conducting research on the process and outcomes of the translation and implementation of evidence-based practices in social work. Its aims are to outline a strategy for conducting such research and to identify the infrastructure and resources necessary to support such research within the field of social work. Using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap as a guide, the book describes the challenges of investigating the process and outcomes of efforts to translate and implement evidence-based social work practice. It begins with a general introduction to the topic of translation and implementation of evidence-based practice and its importance to the field of social work. It then moves to an examination of the methods for studying the effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based practices and the organizational context in which these activities occur in social work practice. It also describes the use of mixed-methods designs and community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods to address these challenges. It is unique in that it provides case studies of research on the translation and implementation in social work practice, identifies potential barriers to conducting such research, and offers recommendations and guidelines for addressing these barriers. The proposed strategy is founded on the principle and practice of cultural exchange between members of social worker–led interdisciplinary research teams and between researchers and practitioners. The outcome of such exchanges is the transformation of social work research and practice through the linkage between translational research and research translation.
Ruth G. McRoy, Jerry P. Flanzer, and Joan Levy Zlotnik
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195399646
- eISBN:
- 9780199932757
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195399646.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
McRoy, Flanzer and Zlotnik (and contributing author Lewis) in Building Research Culture and Infrastructure Tools for Social Workers provide information for social work schools and ...
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McRoy, Flanzer and Zlotnik (and contributing author Lewis) in Building Research Culture and Infrastructure Tools for Social Workers provide information for social work schools and departments at various levels of research capacity, to not only examine or re-examine their research climate and culture, but to also assess their readiness to further enhance their research environment. A summary of the historical background of the development of social work research in colleges and universities is provided as well as very specific resources and tips for enhancing involvement of BSW, MSW and PhD social work faculty in research. The authors report on the current climate and status of research infrastructures and enterprise in social work education programs, weaving in information provided by faculty, deans and research administrators, obtained through a questionnaire and interview process. Faculty scenarios illustrating barriers to achieving their research funding goals are addressed along with current examples of specific steps to address these barriers at selected universities. Clear differences between PhD and non-PhD granting institutions in the types of opportunities and strategies for engaging in research, and related issues of financing and administrative support are addressed. Practical tips for grant writing, and seeking federal, state and foundation support make this book not only a guide for building research infrastructure for faculty, deans and university administrators, but it is also a good “ how to” resource for seeking research support itself. Less
McRoy, Flanzer and Zlotnik (and contributing author Lewis) in Building Research Culture and Infrastructure Tools for Social Workers provide information for social work schools and departments at various levels of research capacity, to not only examine or re-examine their research climate and culture, but to also assess their readiness to further enhance their research environment. A summary of the historical background of the development of social work research in colleges and universities is provided as well as very specific resources and tips for enhancing involvement of BSW, MSW and PhD social work faculty in research. The authors report on the current climate and status of research infrastructures and enterprise in social work education programs, weaving in information provided by faculty, deans and research administrators, obtained through a questionnaire and interview process. Faculty scenarios illustrating barriers to achieving their research funding goals are addressed along with current examples of specific steps to address these barriers at selected universities. Clear differences between PhD and non-PhD granting institutions in the types of opportunities and strategies for engaging in research, and related issues of financing and administrative support are addressed. Practical tips for grant writing, and seeking federal, state and foundation support make this book not only a guide for building research infrastructure for faculty, deans and university administrators, but it is also a good “ how to” resource for seeking research support itself.
Lawrence A. Palinkas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.003.0008
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This final chapter summarizes the main themes of the book and discusses how these themes are linked together to articulate a strategy for conducting translational research. Four themes are ...
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This final chapter summarizes the main themes of the book and discusses how these themes are linked together to articulate a strategy for conducting translational research. Four themes are summarized: the relationship between translational research and research translation; the interrelationships among process, outcomes, and context of research translation; the agency or organization as the locus of research; and the use of mixed-methods designs and community-based participatory research methods in conducting translational research. Cultural exchange is presented as a strategy for engaging in translational research. Whether it is an exchange between researchers representing different academic disciplines or methodological approaches, or an exchange between researchers and practitioners, cultural exchange is as fundamental to research translation as it is to translational research. Cultural exchange is also the mechanism by which translational research becomes transformative. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations for developing the research infrastructure and advancing the field.Less
This final chapter summarizes the main themes of the book and discusses how these themes are linked together to articulate a strategy for conducting translational research. Four themes are summarized: the relationship between translational research and research translation; the interrelationships among process, outcomes, and context of research translation; the agency or organization as the locus of research; and the use of mixed-methods designs and community-based participatory research methods in conducting translational research. Cultural exchange is presented as a strategy for engaging in translational research. Whether it is an exchange between researchers representing different academic disciplines or methodological approaches, or an exchange between researchers and practitioners, cultural exchange is as fundamental to research translation as it is to translational research. Cultural exchange is also the mechanism by which translational research becomes transformative. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations for developing the research infrastructure and advancing the field.
Lawrence A. Palinkas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter discusses the use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods in conducting research on the effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based practices. It ...
More
This chapter discusses the use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods in conducting research on the effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based practices. It begins with a presentation of the principles and practice of CBPR in public health and social work. The use of qualitative and mixed methods in such projects is then profiled, along with a case study of an intervention strategy designed to prevent substance abuse and delinquent behavior in children and adolescents. We then turn to an examination of the challenges involved in using a CBPR approach, including the tensions between academic and community-based partners, differences in organizational cultures, and concerns about the scientific rigor of CBPR methods. We offer solutions to this challenge in the form of a paradigm that promotes cultural exchange among translational research stakeholders. We conclude with a presentation of the infrastructure requirements for using this methodological approach.Less
This chapter discusses the use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods in conducting research on the effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based practices. It begins with a presentation of the principles and practice of CBPR in public health and social work. The use of qualitative and mixed methods in such projects is then profiled, along with a case study of an intervention strategy designed to prevent substance abuse and delinquent behavior in children and adolescents. We then turn to an examination of the challenges involved in using a CBPR approach, including the tensions between academic and community-based partners, differences in organizational cultures, and concerns about the scientific rigor of CBPR methods. We offer solutions to this challenge in the form of a paradigm that promotes cultural exchange among translational research stakeholders. We conclude with a presentation of the infrastructure requirements for using this methodological approach.
Lawrence A. Palinkas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter reviews the latest methods in research on the process and outcomes of research translation in social work practice. First, we examine some of the principles and practices of ...
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This chapter reviews the latest methods in research on the process and outcomes of research translation in social work practice. First, we examine some of the principles and practices of translational research. A case study of an ongoing randomized controlled trial of an EBP implementation strategy in child welfare offers an illustration of how to conduct research on process and outcomes. We then examine some of the challenges involved in conducting translational research, including the identification of specific concepts and measurement procedures for each form of translation, consideration of the dynamic nature of the EBP/translation process, constraints imposed on sample size by the organizational context of translation, engagement of all relevant stakeholders in the conduct of research, and the limitations inherent in randomized controlled trial designs. We conclude with a discussion of infrastructure requirements for conducting translational research, with particular attention to staffing, research–community partnerships, and participant compensation.Less
This chapter reviews the latest methods in research on the process and outcomes of research translation in social work practice. First, we examine some of the principles and practices of translational research. A case study of an ongoing randomized controlled trial of an EBP implementation strategy in child welfare offers an illustration of how to conduct research on process and outcomes. We then examine some of the challenges involved in conducting translational research, including the identification of specific concepts and measurement procedures for each form of translation, consideration of the dynamic nature of the EBP/translation process, constraints imposed on sample size by the organizational context of translation, engagement of all relevant stakeholders in the conduct of research, and the limitations inherent in randomized controlled trial designs. We conclude with a discussion of infrastructure requirements for conducting translational research, with particular attention to staffing, research–community partnerships, and participant compensation.
Lawrence A. Palinkas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.003.0005
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter considers the methodological challenges and strategies at the organizational level of the translation process. Organizational factors include organizational structure, culture and ...
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This chapter considers the methodological challenges and strategies at the organizational level of the translation process. Organizational factors include organizational structure, culture and climate, work attitudes, leadership, social influences, and readiness or support for innovation. We review the quantitative and qualitative methods used to examine these associations and to influence the process of translating research into practice. The challenges to conducting translational research resulting from these associations are examined, along with a case study of a statewide randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of an evidence-based practice designed to reduce child neglect and out-of-home placements by child welfare agencies. A mixed-methods study conducted in parallel with the effectiveness trial highlights the effects of the participating agencies on EBP implementation and the reciprocal effects of EBP implementation on the culture and climate of the agencies. Finally, suggestions for developing the infrastructure for conducting such research are offered.Less
This chapter considers the methodological challenges and strategies at the organizational level of the translation process. Organizational factors include organizational structure, culture and climate, work attitudes, leadership, social influences, and readiness or support for innovation. We review the quantitative and qualitative methods used to examine these associations and to influence the process of translating research into practice. The challenges to conducting translational research resulting from these associations are examined, along with a case study of a statewide randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of an evidence-based practice designed to reduce child neglect and out-of-home placements by child welfare agencies. A mixed-methods study conducted in parallel with the effectiveness trial highlights the effects of the participating agencies on EBP implementation and the reciprocal effects of EBP implementation on the culture and climate of the agencies. Finally, suggestions for developing the infrastructure for conducting such research are offered.
Lawrence A. Palinkas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398489
- eISBN:
- 9780199928583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398489.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
Mixed-methods research refers to the integrated use of quantitative and qualitative methods in the same study or project. Mixed-methods designs are considered to be particularly appropriate for ...
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Mixed-methods research refers to the integrated use of quantitative and qualitative methods in the same study or project. Mixed-methods designs are considered to be particularly appropriate for conducting translational and implementation research for reasons that are presented in this chapter. We begin with a definition of mixed methods and explain that studies that use quantitative and qualitative methods independently do not necessarily qualify as mixed-methods designs. We also discuss the reasons why mixed methods are especially useful in translational and implementation research. We then introduce a taxonomy of the structure, function, and process for using mixed methods and present a case study to illustrate the various ways in which quantitative and qualitative methods may be combined and the reasons for combining them. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges in using mixed methods and the infrastructure necessary to support their use.Less
Mixed-methods research refers to the integrated use of quantitative and qualitative methods in the same study or project. Mixed-methods designs are considered to be particularly appropriate for conducting translational and implementation research for reasons that are presented in this chapter. We begin with a definition of mixed methods and explain that studies that use quantitative and qualitative methods independently do not necessarily qualify as mixed-methods designs. We also discuss the reasons why mixed methods are especially useful in translational and implementation research. We then introduce a taxonomy of the structure, function, and process for using mixed methods and present a case study to illustrate the various ways in which quantitative and qualitative methods may be combined and the reasons for combining them. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges in using mixed methods and the infrastructure necessary to support their use.
Sukhadeo Thorat and Samar Verma (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199474417
- eISBN:
- 9780199089062
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199474417.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Research and Statistics
Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and ...
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Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and development. For social sciences to realize their potential in shaping public policy, it is imperative that the research ecosystem is dynamic and vibrant; the institutions governing it are robust and effective; and those producing quality research are strong and well governed. This volume elaborates on various dimensions of SSR in India, presenting a strong case for designing a comprehensive national social science policy which can meaningfully strengthen and promote a research ecosystem for improved public policymaking in the country. Addressing issues like lack of funding, availability of data, infrastructure, and quality of research output, it will serve as a national benchmark and reference database for social sciences in India.Less
Social science research (SSR) has a vital role in enriching societies, by generating scientific knowledge that brings insights—even enlightenment—in understanding the dynamics of human behaviour and development. For social sciences to realize their potential in shaping public policy, it is imperative that the research ecosystem is dynamic and vibrant; the institutions governing it are robust and effective; and those producing quality research are strong and well governed. This volume elaborates on various dimensions of SSR in India, presenting a strong case for designing a comprehensive national social science policy which can meaningfully strengthen and promote a research ecosystem for improved public policymaking in the country. Addressing issues like lack of funding, availability of data, infrastructure, and quality of research output, it will serve as a national benchmark and reference database for social sciences in India.
Carol M. Ashton and Nelda P. Wray
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199968565
- eISBN:
- 9780199346080
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199968565.003.0012
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Linking practice with evidence through payment policy will increase the value we get for the dollars we expend on medical care. But vast uncertainties exist in medicine. How should we proceed when ...
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Linking practice with evidence through payment policy will increase the value we get for the dollars we expend on medical care. But vast uncertainties exist in medicine. How should we proceed when valid evidence about the benefits and harms of an intervention or course of action does not yet exist? Under conditions of uncertainty of the value of a health service, the best way to protect the interests of both payers as well as patients is to reduce the uncertainty. Payment models like Medicare’s coverage with evidence development incentivize the reduction of uncertainty in medicine through participation in research. These arrangements give the patient access to the item or service in return for contributing to an evidence base. Hearts, minds, and processes must be changed if we are to realize the vision of making evidence generation an inseparable part of the medical interactions that occur in routine clinical practice.Less
Linking practice with evidence through payment policy will increase the value we get for the dollars we expend on medical care. But vast uncertainties exist in medicine. How should we proceed when valid evidence about the benefits and harms of an intervention or course of action does not yet exist? Under conditions of uncertainty of the value of a health service, the best way to protect the interests of both payers as well as patients is to reduce the uncertainty. Payment models like Medicare’s coverage with evidence development incentivize the reduction of uncertainty in medicine through participation in research. These arrangements give the patient access to the item or service in return for contributing to an evidence base. Hearts, minds, and processes must be changed if we are to realize the vision of making evidence generation an inseparable part of the medical interactions that occur in routine clinical practice.
Olga Kuchinskaya
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027694
- eISBN:
- 9780262325417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027694.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
Chapter 6 describes the transformation of Belarusian post-Chernobyl research efforts, from the systematic development of radiological research infrastructures in the last years of the Soviet Union to ...
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Chapter 6 describes the transformation of Belarusian post-Chernobyl research efforts, from the systematic development of radiological research infrastructures in the last years of the Soviet Union to massive restructuring and reframing of Chernobyl-related research ten years later, as a result of changing political and economic interests of the Belarusian government. Infrastructural disruptions to data collection and analysis created the conditions for research relying on theoretically, rather than empirically, driven approaches, and this bias supports minimizing the scope of Chernobyl-related health effects. The chapter observes that restructuring and reframing of Chernobyl-related research led to the near disappearance of the radiation factor as an object of inquiry, and to the greater invisibility of local experts who would claim expertise in the health effects of radiation exposure due to the Chernobyl accident.Less
Chapter 6 describes the transformation of Belarusian post-Chernobyl research efforts, from the systematic development of radiological research infrastructures in the last years of the Soviet Union to massive restructuring and reframing of Chernobyl-related research ten years later, as a result of changing political and economic interests of the Belarusian government. Infrastructural disruptions to data collection and analysis created the conditions for research relying on theoretically, rather than empirically, driven approaches, and this bias supports minimizing the scope of Chernobyl-related health effects. The chapter observes that restructuring and reframing of Chernobyl-related research led to the near disappearance of the radiation factor as an object of inquiry, and to the greater invisibility of local experts who would claim expertise in the health effects of radiation exposure due to the Chernobyl accident.
Peter Murray and Maria Feeney
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781526100788
- eISBN:
- 9781526120823
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526100788.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter broadens out the focus from Irish sociology to examine Irish scientific research. Its central theme is the way in which resources provided or jointly controlled by US actors underpinned ...
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This chapter broadens out the focus from Irish sociology to examine Irish scientific research. Its central theme is the way in which resources provided or jointly controlled by US actors underpinned the development of a modern scientific research infrastructure within the state in the period after the Second World War. The scientific fields principally affected by these financial injections were applied research related to agriculture, industry and economics. Money flowed into these fields from two major sources: the Grant Counterpart Fund, which was a legacy of Ireland’s participation in the Marshall Plan, and private US foundations. In other fields, such as management and `human sciences’, significant resource transfers took place in kind as much as in cash through productivity and technical assistance programmes. The infrastructure developments that clustered in the late 1950s and the early 1960s interacted with older scientific institutional configurations laid down under the Union with Britain and subjected to emaciating neglect after the advent of political independence.Less
This chapter broadens out the focus from Irish sociology to examine Irish scientific research. Its central theme is the way in which resources provided or jointly controlled by US actors underpinned the development of a modern scientific research infrastructure within the state in the period after the Second World War. The scientific fields principally affected by these financial injections were applied research related to agriculture, industry and economics. Money flowed into these fields from two major sources: the Grant Counterpart Fund, which was a legacy of Ireland’s participation in the Marshall Plan, and private US foundations. In other fields, such as management and `human sciences’, significant resource transfers took place in kind as much as in cash through productivity and technical assistance programmes. The infrastructure developments that clustered in the late 1950s and the early 1960s interacted with older scientific institutional configurations laid down under the Union with Britain and subjected to emaciating neglect after the advent of political independence.
Peter Murray and Maria Feeney
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781526100788
- eISBN:
- 9781526120823
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526100788.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Chapter 5 returns the focus to the social sciences. The injection of resources into Ireland’s scientific research infrastructure at the end of the 1950s created two new social science research ...
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Chapter 5 returns the focus to the social sciences. The injection of resources into Ireland’s scientific research infrastructure at the end of the 1950s created two new social science research producers – the Rural Economy Division of An Foras Taluntais and the Economic Research Institute. In the former rural sociology took a recognised place alongside a variety of other agriculture-relevant disciplines. In the latter the distinction between the economic and the social was a blurred and indistinct one. During the first half 1960s the unenclosed field of social research was to be the subject of a series of proposals from actors located within the Catholic social movement to a variety of government departments for the creation of research centres or institutes. This chapter details these proposals and the fate of consistent refusal with which they met. Empirical social research in Ireland was funded and organised in a manner that effectively excluded the participation of any Catholic social movement actor without a university base when the government approved the transformation of the Economic Research Institute into the Economic and Social Research Institute. This approval for a central social research organisation was crucially linked to the project of extending the scope of government programming to encompass social development as well as economic expansion.Less
Chapter 5 returns the focus to the social sciences. The injection of resources into Ireland’s scientific research infrastructure at the end of the 1950s created two new social science research producers – the Rural Economy Division of An Foras Taluntais and the Economic Research Institute. In the former rural sociology took a recognised place alongside a variety of other agriculture-relevant disciplines. In the latter the distinction between the economic and the social was a blurred and indistinct one. During the first half 1960s the unenclosed field of social research was to be the subject of a series of proposals from actors located within the Catholic social movement to a variety of government departments for the creation of research centres or institutes. This chapter details these proposals and the fate of consistent refusal with which they met. Empirical social research in Ireland was funded and organised in a manner that effectively excluded the participation of any Catholic social movement actor without a university base when the government approved the transformation of the Economic Research Institute into the Economic and Social Research Institute. This approval for a central social research organisation was crucially linked to the project of extending the scope of government programming to encompass social development as well as economic expansion.
