Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to equip practitioners of broadly defined disciplines that affect health to understand how medical knowledge, ethics, and ...
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This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to equip practitioners of broadly defined disciplines that affect health to understand how medical knowledge, ethics, and law, including the part of law that encompasses human rights values, can interact with each other to improve reproductive and sexual health. The purpose is not so much to deepen understanding of origins and responses to reproductive and sexual ill-health, but rather to widen it. An overview of the subsequent chapters is then presented.Less
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to equip practitioners of broadly defined disciplines that affect health to understand how medical knowledge, ethics, and law, including the part of law that encompasses human rights values, can interact with each other to improve reproductive and sexual health. The purpose is not so much to deepen understanding of origins and responses to reproductive and sexual ill-health, but rather to widen it. An overview of the subsequent chapters is then presented.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter addresses human rights principles, identifying first the sources and nature of human rights, particularly those most relevant to reproductive and sexual health. Key human rights are then ...
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This chapter addresses human rights principles, identifying first the sources and nature of human rights, particularly those most relevant to reproductive and sexual health. Key human rights are then specified, and amplified on the basis of authoritative interpretations, including consideration of how they may be applicable to reproductive and sexual health.Less
This chapter addresses human rights principles, identifying first the sources and nature of human rights, particularly those most relevant to reproductive and sexual health. Key human rights are then specified, and amplified on the basis of authoritative interpretations, including consideration of how they may be applicable to reproductive and sexual health.
Cynthia R. Daniels
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195148411
- eISBN:
- 9780199850990
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195148411.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This book examines how ideals of masculinity have skewed the science of male reproductive health and our understanding of men's relationship to human reproduction. It looks at the conditions under ...
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This book examines how ideals of masculinity have skewed the science of male reproductive health and our understanding of men's relationship to human reproduction. It looks at the conditions under which male reproductive-health needs have emerged on the public scene at the turn of the century, the charged public responses to such exposure, and their implications on how we think about men's relationship to human reproduction and social relations between men and women.Less
This book examines how ideals of masculinity have skewed the science of male reproductive health and our understanding of men's relationship to human reproduction. It looks at the conditions under which male reproductive-health needs have emerged on the public scene at the turn of the century, the charged public responses to such exposure, and their implications on how we think about men's relationship to human reproduction and social relations between men and women.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter defines a health care system as the mechanism in any society that transforms or metabolizes inputs of knowledge, and human and financial resources into outputs of services relevant to ...
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This chapter defines a health care system as the mechanism in any society that transforms or metabolizes inputs of knowledge, and human and financial resources into outputs of services relevant to the health concerns in that society. It emphasizes that the promotion of health is not the domain of the health care system alone, since other social systems bear upon the effective, humane, and equitable operation of the health system in each society.Less
This chapter defines a health care system as the mechanism in any society that transforms or metabolizes inputs of knowledge, and human and financial resources into outputs of services relevant to the health concerns in that society. It emphasizes that the promotion of health is not the domain of the health care system alone, since other social systems bear upon the effective, humane, and equitable operation of the health system in each society.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter discusses how the concept of reproductive health has been fashioned in response to the fragmentation of existing services related to health in reproduction and the medical aspects of ...
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This chapter discusses how the concept of reproductive health has been fashioned in response to the fragmentation of existing services related to health in reproduction and the medical aspects of sexuality. Its focus is that reproductive health implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life, the capability to reproduce, and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so.Less
This chapter discusses how the concept of reproductive health has been fashioned in response to the fragmentation of existing services related to health in reproduction and the medical aspects of sexuality. Its focus is that reproductive health implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life, the capability to reproduce, and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The application of ethical assessment is related to applications of law and principles of human rights. This chapter provides a foundation for legal analysis and perception that can be applied to ...
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The application of ethical assessment is related to applications of law and principles of human rights. This chapter provides a foundation for legal analysis and perception that can be applied to legal systems to establish comparisons and contrasts. Topics discussed include the role of law and lawyers, legal reform for reproductive health, the evolution of reproductive health law, legal principles governing reproductive health care, the regulation of information, competent delivery of services and the law of negligence, conscientious objection, the safety and efficacy of products, and criminal law.Less
The application of ethical assessment is related to applications of law and principles of human rights. This chapter provides a foundation for legal analysis and perception that can be applied to legal systems to establish comparisons and contrasts. Topics discussed include the role of law and lawyers, legal reform for reproductive health, the evolution of reproductive health law, legal principles governing reproductive health care, the regulation of information, competent delivery of services and the law of negligence, conscientious objection, the safety and efficacy of products, and criminal law.
Jørn Olsen and Ellen Aagaard Nøhr
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199239481
- eISBN:
- 9780191716973
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239481.003.020
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Reproductive health covers a broad category of health and disease conditions, according to the Cairo Statement. This chapter focuses on subfecundity fertility, fetal death, malformations, pregnancy ...
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Reproductive health covers a broad category of health and disease conditions, according to the Cairo Statement. This chapter focuses on subfecundity fertility, fetal death, malformations, pregnancy complications, sexual health, and diseases that may have their origin in fetal life, but which will not surface to clinical detection before decades of birth.Less
Reproductive health covers a broad category of health and disease conditions, according to the Cairo Statement. This chapter focuses on subfecundity fertility, fetal death, malformations, pregnancy complications, sexual health, and diseases that may have their origin in fetal life, but which will not surface to clinical detection before decades of birth.
Martha H. Verbrugge
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195168792
- eISBN:
- 9780199949649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195168792.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century, American History: 19th Century
Chapter 9 (the counterpart to Chapter 3) examines major shifts in the debate over female exercise and reproductive health during the second half of the twentieth century. Following a period of ...
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Chapter 9 (the counterpart to Chapter 3) examines major shifts in the debate over female exercise and reproductive health during the second half of the twentieth century. Following a period of relative calm, biomedical experts became alarmed in the 1970s and 1980s about various clinical and asymptomatic reproductive disorders and other problems among active girls and women. During the 1990s and early 2000s, this concern coalesced around the newly-named “Female Athlete Triad”—a “collective syndrome” of amenorrhea, disordered eating, and premature osteroporosis. Chapter 9 summarizes key changes in the science of exercise and reproductive health as well as the efforts of diverse professions to control if, when, how much, and in what way girls and women would exercise. Biomedical researchers and specialists gradually dominated the interpretation, diagnosis, and treatment of female reproductive “dysfunction.” As the clinic and laboratory gained authority over active female bodies, physical educators and coaches had to redefine their roles.Less
Chapter 9 (the counterpart to Chapter 3) examines major shifts in the debate over female exercise and reproductive health during the second half of the twentieth century. Following a period of relative calm, biomedical experts became alarmed in the 1970s and 1980s about various clinical and asymptomatic reproductive disorders and other problems among active girls and women. During the 1990s and early 2000s, this concern coalesced around the newly-named “Female Athlete Triad”—a “collective syndrome” of amenorrhea, disordered eating, and premature osteroporosis. Chapter 9 summarizes key changes in the science of exercise and reproductive health as well as the efforts of diverse professions to control if, when, how much, and in what way girls and women would exercise. Biomedical researchers and specialists gradually dominated the interpretation, diagnosis, and treatment of female reproductive “dysfunction.” As the clinic and laboratory gained authority over active female bodies, physical educators and coaches had to redefine their roles.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter addresses how legal and human rights principles may be applied, particularly at national but also at international levels. The focus is not simply on the development of legal claims to ...
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This chapter addresses how legal and human rights principles may be applied, particularly at national but also at international levels. The focus is not simply on the development of legal claims to overcome adversaries through conflict, but to achieve success through encouragement and facilitation of compliance with human rights values and collaboration with governmental and other agencies in commitment of their resources to the equitable advancement of reproductive and sexual health.Less
This chapter addresses how legal and human rights principles may be applied, particularly at national but also at international levels. The focus is not simply on the development of legal claims to overcome adversaries through conflict, but to achieve success through encouragement and facilitation of compliance with human rights values and collaboration with governmental and other agencies in commitment of their resources to the equitable advancement of reproductive and sexual health.
David E. Guinn (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195178739
- eISBN:
- 9780199784943
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195178734.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This book discusses the role of religion in a religiously pluralistic liberal society, namely the United States. Nowhere else in the public realm do the fundamental religious questions about the ...
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This book discusses the role of religion in a religiously pluralistic liberal society, namely the United States. Nowhere else in the public realm do the fundamental religious questions about the meaning and nature of life arise in a context where resort to a political answer is the norm. Many people continue to insist that the US Constitution precludes religious participation in the political process, while others insist that by denying a role to religion we fundamentally discriminate against people of faith. As the chapters in this book demonstrate, the issues are complex and multifaceted. The book address such specific and highly contested issues as assisted suicide, stem cell research, cloning, reproductive health, and alternative medicine as well as general questions concerning as who legitimately speaks for religion in public bioethics, what religion can add to our understanding of justice, and the value of faith-based contributions to healthcare. The book begins with overview chapters about the role of religion in bioethics since the inception of the field. It then explores that role in the formation of public policy in terms of sociology, critical studies, philosophy, and religious studies. The book questions the distinction between public policy bioethics and clinical care, recognizing the close interconnection between the two. It offers insight on how religion shapes questions of justice in patient care and the ethical tools provided by Islam, Buddhism, and Evangelical Christianity that can be used both in advocating for public policy and in making individual care decisions. Over the last five to ten years, researchers have begun to explore the efficacy of religion as a mode of treatment.Less
This book discusses the role of religion in a religiously pluralistic liberal society, namely the United States. Nowhere else in the public realm do the fundamental religious questions about the meaning and nature of life arise in a context where resort to a political answer is the norm. Many people continue to insist that the US Constitution precludes religious participation in the political process, while others insist that by denying a role to religion we fundamentally discriminate against people of faith. As the chapters in this book demonstrate, the issues are complex and multifaceted. The book address such specific and highly contested issues as assisted suicide, stem cell research, cloning, reproductive health, and alternative medicine as well as general questions concerning as who legitimately speaks for religion in public bioethics, what religion can add to our understanding of justice, and the value of faith-based contributions to healthcare. The book begins with overview chapters about the role of religion in bioethics since the inception of the field. It then explores that role in the formation of public policy in terms of sociology, critical studies, philosophy, and religious studies. The book questions the distinction between public policy bioethics and clinical care, recognizing the close interconnection between the two. It offers insight on how religion shapes questions of justice in patient care and the ethical tools provided by Islam, Buddhism, and Evangelical Christianity that can be used both in advocating for public policy and in making individual care decisions. Over the last five to ten years, researchers have begun to explore the efficacy of religion as a mode of treatment.
Cynthia R. Daniels
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195148411
- eISBN:
- 9780199850990
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195148411.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter examines the fourth element of reproductive masculinity: the presumption that men are more distant from the children they father. Historically, research into the field of paternal fetal ...
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This chapter examines the fourth element of reproductive masculinity: the presumption that men are more distant from the children they father. Historically, research into the field of paternal fetal harm has faced formidable barriers, with most finding the scientific evidence of male-mediated fetal harm simply unbelievable. The politics of fetal hazards continues to focus almost exclusively on damages to fetal health through the female body. Beginning in the late 1970s, a series of events pushed male reproductive health and male-mediated harm into the public spotlight. These events generated renewed research in three primary areas: men's exposures at work, men's exposures at war, and the effects of men's drinking, smoking, and drug use on fetal health.Less
This chapter examines the fourth element of reproductive masculinity: the presumption that men are more distant from the children they father. Historically, research into the field of paternal fetal harm has faced formidable barriers, with most finding the scientific evidence of male-mediated fetal harm simply unbelievable. The politics of fetal hazards continues to focus almost exclusively on damages to fetal health through the female body. Beginning in the late 1970s, a series of events pushed male reproductive health and male-mediated harm into the public spotlight. These events generated renewed research in three primary areas: men's exposures at work, men's exposures at war, and the effects of men's drinking, smoking, and drug use on fetal health.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0027
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter identifies rights that could be applied to advance reproductive and sexual health. The human rights are clustered under the following interests in reproductive and sexual health, which ...
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This chapter identifies rights that could be applied to advance reproductive and sexual health. The human rights are clustered under the following interests in reproductive and sexual health, which are shown in the horizontal subsections of the table: life, survival, security, and sexuality; reproductive self-determination, and free choice of maternity; health and the benefits of scientific progress; non-discrimination and due respect for difference; and information, education, and decision-making.Less
This chapter identifies rights that could be applied to advance reproductive and sexual health. The human rights are clustered under the following interests in reproductive and sexual health, which are shown in the horizontal subsections of the table: life, survival, security, and sexuality; reproductive self-determination, and free choice of maternity; health and the benefits of scientific progress; non-discrimination and due respect for difference; and information, education, and decision-making.
John Tobin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199603299
- eISBN:
- 9780191731662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199603299.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter focuses on the meaning and scope of the interest in which the right to health is grounded, namely ‘the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health’. This formulation does ...
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This chapter focuses on the meaning and scope of the interest in which the right to health is grounded, namely ‘the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health’. This formulation does not provide individuals with a guarantee of health, and the level of health enjoyed by an individual, whether physical or mental, will be dependent on factors peculiar to an individual and the resources available to a state. The term health itself is also examined and shown to extend to freedoms such as freedom to enjoy reproductive and sexual health and freedom from non-consensual medical treatment.Less
This chapter focuses on the meaning and scope of the interest in which the right to health is grounded, namely ‘the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health’. This formulation does not provide individuals with a guarantee of health, and the level of health enjoyed by an individual, whether physical or mental, will be dependent on factors peculiar to an individual and the resources available to a state. The term health itself is also examined and shown to extend to freedoms such as freedom to enjoy reproductive and sexual health and freedom from non-consensual medical treatment.
Paul Hunt and Gillian MacNaughton
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199217908
- eISBN:
- 9780191705380
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199217908.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
In 1993, the World Conference on Human Rights urged the examination of ‘a system of indicators to measure progress in the realization [of ESC rights]’ because the use of specific human rights ...
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In 1993, the World Conference on Human Rights urged the examination of ‘a system of indicators to measure progress in the realization [of ESC rights]’ because the use of specific human rights indicators gives clarity to the level of compliance by states and so could prevent ‘recalcitrant States’ using the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) obligation of progressive realization as an ‘escape hatch’. This chapter examines this important issue with reference to the right to health. It shows that indicators play an important role in measuring and monitoring the progressive realization of the right to health. The application of the human rights-based approach to health indicators to the Reproductive Health Strategy endorsed by the World Health Assembly in May 2004 is discussed.Less
In 1993, the World Conference on Human Rights urged the examination of ‘a system of indicators to measure progress in the realization [of ESC rights]’ because the use of specific human rights indicators gives clarity to the level of compliance by states and so could prevent ‘recalcitrant States’ using the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) obligation of progressive realization as an ‘escape hatch’. This chapter examines this important issue with reference to the right to health. It shows that indicators play an important role in measuring and monitoring the progressive realization of the right to health. The application of the human rights-based approach to health indicators to the Reproductive Health Strategy endorsed by the World Health Assembly in May 2004 is discussed.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The concept of reproductive health promises to play a crucial role in improving health care provision and legal protection for women around the world. This book is an authoritative and much-needed ...
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The concept of reproductive health promises to play a crucial role in improving health care provision and legal protection for women around the world. This book is an authoritative and much-needed introduction to and defence of the concept of reproductive health, which though internationally endorsed, is still contested. Chapters integrate related disciplines to provide a comprehensive picture. They analyse fifteen cases from different countries and cultures, and explore options for resolution. The aim is to equip readers to fashion solutions in their own health care circumstances, compatibly with ethical, legal and human rights principles.Less
The concept of reproductive health promises to play a crucial role in improving health care provision and legal protection for women around the world. This book is an authoritative and much-needed introduction to and defence of the concept of reproductive health, which though internationally endorsed, is still contested. Chapters integrate related disciplines to provide a comprehensive picture. They analyse fifteen cases from different countries and cultures, and explore options for resolution. The aim is to equip readers to fashion solutions in their own health care circumstances, compatibly with ethical, legal and human rights principles.
Rebecca J. Cook, Bernard M. Dickens, and Mahmoud F. Fathalla
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241323
- eISBN:
- 9780191696909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter presents the basic materials of ethical analysis. Topics discussed include the origins and role of bioethics, principles of bioethics, levels of bioethical analysis, reproductive and ...
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This chapter presents the basic materials of ethical analysis. Topics discussed include the origins and role of bioethics, principles of bioethics, levels of bioethical analysis, reproductive and sexual health ethics, research ethics, ethics and the law, and ethics and human rights.Less
This chapter presents the basic materials of ethical analysis. Topics discussed include the origins and role of bioethics, principles of bioethics, levels of bioethical analysis, reproductive and sexual health ethics, research ethics, ethics and the law, and ethics and human rights.
Milton Kotelchuck
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195150698
- eISBN:
- 9780199865185
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195150698.003.06
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The decline of infant and maternal mortality represents one of the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century. From 1900 through 2000, infant mortality in the United States declined ...
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The decline of infant and maternal mortality represents one of the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century. From 1900 through 2000, infant mortality in the United States declined dramatically from estimated 10,000–15,000 deaths to 690 deaths per 100,000 births; similarly, maternal mortality declined from an estimated 600–900 deaths to under ten deaths per 100,000 births. Reductions in both morbidity and mortality have improved the lives of parents and children and have altered expectations for women. Public health actions to improve sanitation, maternal hygiene, nutrition, and prenatal care played a central role in the transformation of reproductive health in the 20th century. This chapter describes decade by decade the evolving concepts and debates about the causes of infant and maternal mortality, the initiatives to ameliorate them, the institutionalization of the major public health advances, and the resulting epidemiologic transformations in the United States.Less
The decline of infant and maternal mortality represents one of the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century. From 1900 through 2000, infant mortality in the United States declined dramatically from estimated 10,000–15,000 deaths to 690 deaths per 100,000 births; similarly, maternal mortality declined from an estimated 600–900 deaths to under ten deaths per 100,000 births. Reductions in both morbidity and mortality have improved the lives of parents and children and have altered expectations for women. Public health actions to improve sanitation, maternal hygiene, nutrition, and prenatal care played a central role in the transformation of reproductive health in the 20th century. This chapter describes decade by decade the evolving concepts and debates about the causes of infant and maternal mortality, the initiatives to ameliorate them, the institutionalization of the major public health advances, and the resulting epidemiologic transformations in the United States.
Louisiana Lush and Oona Campbell
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192631985
- eISBN:
- 9780191723582
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192631985.003.0010
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter addresses the process by which reproductive health came to prominence in the early 1990s, focusing on the international actors involved and the process of negotiation between them. It ...
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This chapter addresses the process by which reproductive health came to prominence in the early 1990s, focusing on the international actors involved and the process of negotiation between them. It examines two high priority areas of reproductive health care in detail: efforts to reduce maternal mortality and efforts to integrate HIV/STI and family planning services. In so doing, the chapter aims to illustrate two features of international cooperation in health: first, how the process of global agenda-setting was driven by a small set of international actors with particular ideologies; and second, how, despite relatively simple and cheap technologies being available, this process of agenda setting limited the effectiveness with which appropriate interventions were implemented.Less
This chapter addresses the process by which reproductive health came to prominence in the early 1990s, focusing on the international actors involved and the process of negotiation between them. It examines two high priority areas of reproductive health care in detail: efforts to reduce maternal mortality and efforts to integrate HIV/STI and family planning services. In so doing, the chapter aims to illustrate two features of international cooperation in health: first, how the process of global agenda-setting was driven by a small set of international actors with particular ideologies; and second, how, despite relatively simple and cheap technologies being available, this process of agenda setting limited the effectiveness with which appropriate interventions were implemented.
Janet Rich-Edwards
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192632890
- eISBN:
- 9780191723629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632890.003.0002
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter explores the emerging evidence that adult reproductive function is shaped by intergenerational, in utero, and childhood factors, as well as adult environment. It opens with a discussion ...
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This chapter explores the emerging evidence that adult reproductive function is shaped by intergenerational, in utero, and childhood factors, as well as adult environment. It opens with a discussion of early life factors that shape women's reproductive health, with a focus on determinants of pregnancy outcome. It then presents evidence that the gynecological and obstetric health status of young women reveals latent chronic disease processes.Less
This chapter explores the emerging evidence that adult reproductive function is shaped by intergenerational, in utero, and childhood factors, as well as adult environment. It opens with a discussion of early life factors that shape women's reproductive health, with a focus on determinants of pregnancy outcome. It then presents evidence that the gynecological and obstetric health status of young women reveals latent chronic disease processes.
Cynthia R. Daniels
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195148411
- eISBN:
- 9780199850990
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195148411.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This book examines how ideals of masculinity have long skewed our societal—and scientific—understanding of one of the pillars of male identity: reproductive health. Only with the recent public ...
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This book examines how ideals of masculinity have long skewed our societal—and scientific—understanding of one of the pillars of male identity: reproductive health. Only with the recent public exposure of men's reproductive troubles has the health of the male body been thrown into question, and along with it, deeper masculine ideals. Whereas once, men's sexual and reproductive abilities were the most taboo of topics, today, erectile dysfunction is a multi-billion dollar business, and magazine articles trumpet male reproductive decline with headlines such as “You're Half the Man Your Father Was.” The author looks at our world of plummeting sperm counts, spiking reproductive cancers, sperm banks, and pharmacological cures for impotence, in order to assess the true state of male health. What she finds is male reproductive systems damaged by toxins and war, and proof piling up that through sperm, men pass on harm to the children they father. Yet, despite the evidence that men's health, as much as women's, significantly affects the vitality of their offspring, the author also sees a society holding on to outdated assumptions, one in which men ignore blatant health risks as they struggle to live up to antiquated ideas of manliness.Less
This book examines how ideals of masculinity have long skewed our societal—and scientific—understanding of one of the pillars of male identity: reproductive health. Only with the recent public exposure of men's reproductive troubles has the health of the male body been thrown into question, and along with it, deeper masculine ideals. Whereas once, men's sexual and reproductive abilities were the most taboo of topics, today, erectile dysfunction is a multi-billion dollar business, and magazine articles trumpet male reproductive decline with headlines such as “You're Half the Man Your Father Was.” The author looks at our world of plummeting sperm counts, spiking reproductive cancers, sperm banks, and pharmacological cures for impotence, in order to assess the true state of male health. What she finds is male reproductive systems damaged by toxins and war, and proof piling up that through sperm, men pass on harm to the children they father. Yet, despite the evidence that men's health, as much as women's, significantly affects the vitality of their offspring, the author also sees a society holding on to outdated assumptions, one in which men ignore blatant health risks as they struggle to live up to antiquated ideas of manliness.
