Naomi E. Chayen, John R. Helliwell, and Edward H. Snell
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199213252
- eISBN:
- 9780191707575
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213252.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Crystallography
Structural crystallography provides key information to understand the mechanism involved for biological processes. The technique requires high‐quality crystals. The book Macromolecular ...
More
Structural crystallography provides key information to understand the mechanism involved for biological processes. The technique requires high‐quality crystals. The book Macromolecular crystallization and crystal perfection covers the techniques to get these high quality crystals and then obtain the best structural data from them. We focus on two areas, the crystal and the diffraction experiment. We briefly address crystallization theory and then focus on practical crystallization strategies discussing screening and optimization. Where high quality crystals are not initially obtained, remediation strategies and alternative approaches are discussed. Diffraction is covered from both the X‐ray and neutron viewpoint. A physical analysis of long and short‐range order is used to explain features seen in the diffraction pattern and the causes of those features. Diffraction disorders are discussed. Factors that cause degradation to the diffraction and strategies to mitigate those factors are addressed. We then address beamline and detector optimization as a means to improve the data quality. Crystallization is still a largely empirical process and our final chapters focus on the use of powder methods, where crystals are small, complementary techniques where we have no crystals at all and what the future holds with the advent of fourth generation X‐ray sources. Overall the book is aimed at both more experienced researchers and graduate students. We aim for it to become a reference work for all researchers in these interdisciplinary subjects on these topics.Less
Structural crystallography provides key information to understand the mechanism involved for biological processes. The technique requires high‐quality crystals. The book Macromolecular crystallization and crystal perfection covers the techniques to get these high quality crystals and then obtain the best structural data from them. We focus on two areas, the crystal and the diffraction experiment. We briefly address crystallization theory and then focus on practical crystallization strategies discussing screening and optimization. Where high quality crystals are not initially obtained, remediation strategies and alternative approaches are discussed. Diffraction is covered from both the X‐ray and neutron viewpoint. A physical analysis of long and short‐range order is used to explain features seen in the diffraction pattern and the causes of those features. Diffraction disorders are discussed. Factors that cause degradation to the diffraction and strategies to mitigate those factors are addressed. We then address beamline and detector optimization as a means to improve the data quality. Crystallization is still a largely empirical process and our final chapters focus on the use of powder methods, where crystals are small, complementary techniques where we have no crystals at all and what the future holds with the advent of fourth generation X‐ray sources. Overall the book is aimed at both more experienced researchers and graduate students. We aim for it to become a reference work for all researchers in these interdisciplinary subjects on these topics.
Ann Rigney
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199644018
- eISBN:
- 9780191738784
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199644018.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
Using street-names referring to Waverley and Abbotsford as a starting point, this book explains how the work of Walter Scott (1771-1832) became an all-pervasive point of reference for cultural memory ...
More
Using street-names referring to Waverley and Abbotsford as a starting point, this book explains how the work of Walter Scott (1771-1832) became an all-pervasive point of reference for cultural memory and collective identity in the nineteenth century, and why he no longer has this role. It breaks new ground in memory studies and the study of literary reception by examining the dynamics of cultural memory and the ‘social life’ of literary texts across several generations and multiple media. Attention is paid to the remediation of the Waverley novels as they travelled into painting, the theatre, and material culture, as well as to the role of ‘Scott’ as a memory site in the public sphere for a century after his death. Using a wide range of examples and supported by many illustrations, this book demonstrates how remembering Scott’s work helped shape national and transnational identities up to World War I, and contributed to the emergence of the idea of an English-speaking world encompassing Scotland, the British Empire, and the United States. It shows how Scott’s work provided an imaginative resource for creating a collective relation to the past that was compatible with widespread mobility and social change; and that he thus forged a potent alliance between memory, literature, and identity that was eminently suited to modernizing. In the process he helped prepare his own obsolescence. But if Scott’s work is now largely forgotten, his legacy continues in the widespread belief that showcasing the past is a condition for transcending it.Less
Using street-names referring to Waverley and Abbotsford as a starting point, this book explains how the work of Walter Scott (1771-1832) became an all-pervasive point of reference for cultural memory and collective identity in the nineteenth century, and why he no longer has this role. It breaks new ground in memory studies and the study of literary reception by examining the dynamics of cultural memory and the ‘social life’ of literary texts across several generations and multiple media. Attention is paid to the remediation of the Waverley novels as they travelled into painting, the theatre, and material culture, as well as to the role of ‘Scott’ as a memory site in the public sphere for a century after his death. Using a wide range of examples and supported by many illustrations, this book demonstrates how remembering Scott’s work helped shape national and transnational identities up to World War I, and contributed to the emergence of the idea of an English-speaking world encompassing Scotland, the British Empire, and the United States. It shows how Scott’s work provided an imaginative resource for creating a collective relation to the past that was compatible with widespread mobility and social change; and that he thus forged a potent alliance between memory, literature, and identity that was eminently suited to modernizing. In the process he helped prepare his own obsolescence. But if Scott’s work is now largely forgotten, his legacy continues in the widespread belief that showcasing the past is a condition for transcending it.
Nicholas P. Money
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195172270
- eISBN:
- 9780199790258
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195172270.003.0006
- Subject:
- Biology, Microbiology
This chapter focuses on litigation related to instances of mold contamination. In 2001, a Texas jury awarded $32 million to homeowner Melinda Ballard in settlement of her suit against Farmers ...
More
This chapter focuses on litigation related to instances of mold contamination. In 2001, a Texas jury awarded $32 million to homeowner Melinda Ballard in settlement of her suit against Farmers Insurance Group. The jury held Farmers responsible for multiple failures in settling an insurance claim to rectify water damage that had led to mold proliferation. This case stimulated a great deal of media coverage of indoor molds and many high profile lawsuits followed. Subsequently, insurance policies were rewritten to exclude most mold claims, but a new industry of “mold identification and remediation” emerged to meet the demands of homeowners concerned about indoor molds. It is argued that until researchers reach a consensus upon the health impact of indoor molds, consumers should avoid exposure to high concentrations of spores in severely contaminated buildings, but remain skeptical about the risks posed by patches of mold growth that can be found in most homes.Less
This chapter focuses on litigation related to instances of mold contamination. In 2001, a Texas jury awarded $32 million to homeowner Melinda Ballard in settlement of her suit against Farmers Insurance Group. The jury held Farmers responsible for multiple failures in settling an insurance claim to rectify water damage that had led to mold proliferation. This case stimulated a great deal of media coverage of indoor molds and many high profile lawsuits followed. Subsequently, insurance policies were rewritten to exclude most mold claims, but a new industry of “mold identification and remediation” emerged to meet the demands of homeowners concerned about indoor molds. It is argued that until researchers reach a consensus upon the health impact of indoor molds, consumers should avoid exposure to high concentrations of spores in severely contaminated buildings, but remain skeptical about the risks posed by patches of mold growth that can be found in most homes.
Harvey Molotch
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691163581
- eISBN:
- 9781400852338
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691163581.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
This chapter further draws out some larger lessons. In anticipating danger, we learn that people rely on prior understandings and capacities. Extant goals and routines go at the danger, like ...
More
This chapter further draws out some larger lessons. In anticipating danger, we learn that people rely on prior understandings and capacities. Extant goals and routines go at the danger, like chemicals on the surface of an oil slick. This includes forces of authority, more or less on standby, that come to bear. They do their thing. So do individuals struggling to stay on their feet and get families and communities back on course—in a word, to regain prior levels of security. It can be that remediation creates more trouble than it solves—sometimes tragically. It is not always easy to know the difference, to be able to do something without making things worse. The chapter argues that there are principles to follow, as local and national imperatives, for dealing with impending threat. The key is to exercise massive bias toward making life better all along the way.Less
This chapter further draws out some larger lessons. In anticipating danger, we learn that people rely on prior understandings and capacities. Extant goals and routines go at the danger, like chemicals on the surface of an oil slick. This includes forces of authority, more or less on standby, that come to bear. They do their thing. So do individuals struggling to stay on their feet and get families and communities back on course—in a word, to regain prior levels of security. It can be that remediation creates more trouble than it solves—sometimes tragically. It is not always easy to know the difference, to be able to do something without making things worse. The chapter argues that there are principles to follow, as local and national imperatives, for dealing with impending threat. The key is to exercise massive bias toward making life better all along the way.
Naomi E. Chayen, John R. Helliwell, and Edward H. Snell
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199213252
- eISBN:
- 9780191707575
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213252.003.0012
- Subject:
- Physics, Crystallography
Macromolecular crystal structure analyses can be severely hampered by cases of twinning or of multiple crystals. However, increasingly, twinning can readily be recognized, notably when the X‐ray ...
More
Macromolecular crystal structure analyses can be severely hampered by cases of twinning or of multiple crystals. However, increasingly, twinning can readily be recognized, notably when the X‐ray diffraction data are analyzed using intensity statistics. Remediation of such cases is possible via alteration of crystal‐growth conditions including use, mainly, of chemical additives. The case of multiple crystal growths likewise can hamper crystal‐structure analysis and although not necessarily associated with twinning is a crystal‐growth situation where similar remediation methods can be adopted, or portions of crystals ‘cut out’ or selected through use of X‐ray ‘microbeams’. There is also a nice body of case studies now in the crystallographic literature and several of these are highlighted in this chapter. Practical details of use of MAD, SAD or molecular replacement with different degrees of crystal twinning, as well as software to diagnose such cases, are described.Less
Macromolecular crystal structure analyses can be severely hampered by cases of twinning or of multiple crystals. However, increasingly, twinning can readily be recognized, notably when the X‐ray diffraction data are analyzed using intensity statistics. Remediation of such cases is possible via alteration of crystal‐growth conditions including use, mainly, of chemical additives. The case of multiple crystal growths likewise can hamper crystal‐structure analysis and although not necessarily associated with twinning is a crystal‐growth situation where similar remediation methods can be adopted, or portions of crystals ‘cut out’ or selected through use of X‐ray ‘microbeams’. There is also a nice body of case studies now in the crystallographic literature and several of these are highlighted in this chapter. Practical details of use of MAD, SAD or molecular replacement with different degrees of crystal twinning, as well as software to diagnose such cases, are described.
Ann Rigney
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199644018
- eISBN:
- 9780191738784
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199644018.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
Scott’s work was not only immensely popular but also extremely procreative: that is, it generated many new versions of itself in both print and other media. Using the concept of remediation, Chapter ...
More
Scott’s work was not only immensely popular but also extremely procreative: that is, it generated many new versions of itself in both print and other media. Using the concept of remediation, Chapter 2 focuses on Scott’s procreativity in other media, especially the theatre, in order to explain the apparent paradox that novelistic adaptation was linked both to the desire for new forms of immediacy and to the pleasure of reiteration. After a brief survey of the adaptations of his work to the visual arts and material culture, the chapter turns to dramatizations of the Waverley novels, focusing in particular on the repeated productions of Rob Roy (1817) whose popularity on stage is explained as a way of performing Scottishness ‘live’. The later adaptations of the novel to the screen show how Scott’s novel helped relay popular culture into the twentieth century.Less
Scott’s work was not only immensely popular but also extremely procreative: that is, it generated many new versions of itself in both print and other media. Using the concept of remediation, Chapter 2 focuses on Scott’s procreativity in other media, especially the theatre, in order to explain the apparent paradox that novelistic adaptation was linked both to the desire for new forms of immediacy and to the pleasure of reiteration. After a brief survey of the adaptations of his work to the visual arts and material culture, the chapter turns to dramatizations of the Waverley novels, focusing in particular on the repeated productions of Rob Roy (1817) whose popularity on stage is explained as a way of performing Scottishness ‘live’. The later adaptations of the novel to the screen show how Scott’s novel helped relay popular culture into the twentieth century.
Eleonora Sasso
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474407168
- eISBN:
- 9781474449670
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407168.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and ...
More
The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.Less
The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines spatiotemporal remediation in 300 (2006) and Watchmen (2009) and textual remediation in American Splendor (2003). More specifically, it explores the comic book panel and the ...
More
This chapter examines spatiotemporal remediation in 300 (2006) and Watchmen (2009) and textual remediation in American Splendor (2003). More specifically, it explores the comic book panel and the film frame in terms of spatiotemporal construction and representation as well as the relationship between image and text in the comic. The chapter first provides an overview of the taxonomy of stylistic remediation before discussing how space and time are remediated in 300 and Watchmen. It then analyzes textual remediation in Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini's American Splendor, based on Harvey Pekar's comics (1976–2008). It also reconsiders the role of horizontal integration and conglomeration in the process of stylistic remediation, suggesting that media conglomerates can capitalize upon the added visibility and cultural capital of comic books and their adaptations both directly and indirectly (through licensing rights).Less
This chapter examines spatiotemporal remediation in 300 (2006) and Watchmen (2009) and textual remediation in American Splendor (2003). More specifically, it explores the comic book panel and the film frame in terms of spatiotemporal construction and representation as well as the relationship between image and text in the comic. The chapter first provides an overview of the taxonomy of stylistic remediation before discussing how space and time are remediated in 300 and Watchmen. It then analyzes textual remediation in Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini's American Splendor, based on Harvey Pekar's comics (1976–2008). It also reconsiders the role of horizontal integration and conglomeration in the process of stylistic remediation, suggesting that media conglomerates can capitalize upon the added visibility and cultural capital of comic books and their adaptations both directly and indirectly (through licensing rights).
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines the basic taxonomy of stylistic remediation and the various evolving contexts grounding it within film adaptations of comic book properties. More specifically, it considers how ...
More
This chapter examines the basic taxonomy of stylistic remediation and the various evolving contexts grounding it within film adaptations of comic book properties. More specifically, it considers how two unique aspects of form comics—graphical representation and the multiframe—were remediated by Warren Beatty's Dick Tracy (1990) and Ang Lee's Hulk (2003). It also explores how a filmmaker can attempt to find a cinematic equivalent for the varied modes of graphical representation practiced by a cartoonist. The chapter first provides an overview of graphical remediation in Dick Tracy before discussing the remediation of the multiframe in Hulk. It shows that the remediations exemplifed by both films illustrate the disjunction between the formal vocabularies of the film and the comic. It concludes with an analysis of the economic and formal compromises of stylistic remediation.Less
This chapter examines the basic taxonomy of stylistic remediation and the various evolving contexts grounding it within film adaptations of comic book properties. More specifically, it considers how two unique aspects of form comics—graphical representation and the multiframe—were remediated by Warren Beatty's Dick Tracy (1990) and Ang Lee's Hulk (2003). It also explores how a filmmaker can attempt to find a cinematic equivalent for the varied modes of graphical representation practiced by a cartoonist. The chapter first provides an overview of graphical remediation in Dick Tracy before discussing the remediation of the multiframe in Hulk. It shows that the remediations exemplifed by both films illustrate the disjunction between the formal vocabularies of the film and the comic. It concludes with an analysis of the economic and formal compromises of stylistic remediation.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0007
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines the dialogical aspects of stylistic remediation by focusing on Batman's arch-nemesis the Joker and Frank Miller's Sin City, and The Spirit. It first considers how the graphical ...
More
This chapter examines the dialogical aspects of stylistic remediation by focusing on Batman's arch-nemesis the Joker and Frank Miller's Sin City, and The Spirit. It first considers how the graphical remediation of the Joker character have been altered in response to the success of other titles in the franchise before describing the career trajectory of Miller from Sin City to The Spirit. In particular, it explores how Sin City and The Spirit remediated the stylistic devices of film noir. It shows that Joker's cinematic representation was informed by the comics, which in turn influenced an animated series, which existed in dialogue with a comic book. On the other hand, Sin City and The Spirit illustrate the limits of stylistic remediation.Less
This chapter examines the dialogical aspects of stylistic remediation by focusing on Batman's arch-nemesis the Joker and Frank Miller's Sin City, and The Spirit. It first considers how the graphical remediation of the Joker character have been altered in response to the success of other titles in the franchise before describing the career trajectory of Miller from Sin City to The Spirit. In particular, it explores how Sin City and The Spirit remediated the stylistic devices of film noir. It shows that Joker's cinematic representation was informed by the comics, which in turn influenced an animated series, which existed in dialogue with a comic book. On the other hand, Sin City and The Spirit illustrate the limits of stylistic remediation.
Sarah Winter
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823233526
- eISBN:
- 9780823241132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823233526.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
The Introduction reviews the critical controversies after Dickens's death about his representative Englishness and influence on readers. It defines the book's focus on theories of serial memory in ...
More
The Introduction reviews the critical controversies after Dickens's death about his representative Englishness and influence on readers. It defines the book's focus on theories of serial memory in Enlightenment psychology, nineteenth-century pedagogy, and accounts by Victorian literary critics about the effects of reading serial fiction. The book argues that Dickens's serial novels taught shared reading practices based in associationist theories of memory that transformed Dickens's popularity into an inclusive and participatory cultural politics and ultimately a mission for literature within democratic education. The “pleasures of memory” involve the common experience of memory's coherence through novel reading and the shared reception of popular serial genres.Less
The Introduction reviews the critical controversies after Dickens's death about his representative Englishness and influence on readers. It defines the book's focus on theories of serial memory in Enlightenment psychology, nineteenth-century pedagogy, and accounts by Victorian literary critics about the effects of reading serial fiction. The book argues that Dickens's serial novels taught shared reading practices based in associationist theories of memory that transformed Dickens's popularity into an inclusive and participatory cultural politics and ultimately a mission for literature within democratic education. The “pleasures of memory” involve the common experience of memory's coherence through novel reading and the shared reception of popular serial genres.
Benjamin Hale
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035668
- eISBN:
- 9780262337991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035668.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
Ben Hale distinguishes among several kinds of remediation (carbon sequestration, ocean fertilization, pollution clean up, and atmospheric scrubbing) in order to distinguish the question of whether ...
More
Ben Hale distinguishes among several kinds of remediation (carbon sequestration, ocean fertilization, pollution clean up, and atmospheric scrubbing) in order to distinguish the question of whether remediation is permissible from the question of which remediations are permissible. First, he constructs a scenario involving a town with three companies and their emissions in order to challenge the intuition about what the wrong of pollution consists in. Second, he argues that any proposed remediation should be evaluated not only in terms of its consequences but also by the motives and antecedent conditions that make a remediation an option in the first place. Third, he constructs scenarios to argue that we are obligated to act only over areas for which we are reasonably responsible. Finally, he argues that a permissible remediation may only use technologies that return the world to how it was before and not to a new state of affairs. The key moral consideration of a remediation is whether it respects the experiences, interests, and ends of others. We should only remove pollutants that we ourselves have directly contributed to but we should not remediate pollutants with technologies that add something new to the environment.Less
Ben Hale distinguishes among several kinds of remediation (carbon sequestration, ocean fertilization, pollution clean up, and atmospheric scrubbing) in order to distinguish the question of whether remediation is permissible from the question of which remediations are permissible. First, he constructs a scenario involving a town with three companies and their emissions in order to challenge the intuition about what the wrong of pollution consists in. Second, he argues that any proposed remediation should be evaluated not only in terms of its consequences but also by the motives and antecedent conditions that make a remediation an option in the first place. Third, he constructs scenarios to argue that we are obligated to act only over areas for which we are reasonably responsible. Finally, he argues that a permissible remediation may only use technologies that return the world to how it was before and not to a new state of affairs. The key moral consideration of a remediation is whether it respects the experiences, interests, and ends of others. We should only remove pollutants that we ourselves have directly contributed to but we should not remediate pollutants with technologies that add something new to the environment.
Ian Christie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199797615
- eISBN:
- 9780199979738
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199797615.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, Western
This chapter explores film exhibition in the 1890s and 1900s in light of evidence for the musical accompaniment of forms of screen media produced in London from the seventeenth to the nineteenth ...
More
This chapter explores film exhibition in the 1890s and 1900s in light of evidence for the musical accompaniment of forms of screen media produced in London from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. Early films are also considered in terms of remediation, such as the emergence of films inspired by popular song titles at the turn of the century, and the fact that popular songs formed the principal content for the various synchronized sound systems developed in the 1900s. This chapter thus provides historical evidence that in London music would likely have been used to accompany early film exhibition from the inception of the medium.Less
This chapter explores film exhibition in the 1890s and 1900s in light of evidence for the musical accompaniment of forms of screen media produced in London from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. Early films are also considered in terms of remediation, such as the emergence of films inspired by popular song titles at the turn of the century, and the fact that popular songs formed the principal content for the various synchronized sound systems developed in the 1900s. This chapter thus provides historical evidence that in London music would likely have been used to accompany early film exhibition from the inception of the medium.
Jesse Matz
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231164061
- eISBN:
- 9780231543057
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164061.003.0007
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
How the impressionist optic persists apparently unchanged in the very different forms of contemporary painting by Peter Doig and Thomas Kinkade—one a cutting-edge post-conceptual artist, the other ...
More
How the impressionist optic persists apparently unchanged in the very different forms of contemporary painting by Peter Doig and Thomas Kinkade—one a cutting-edge post-conceptual artist, the other the “artist in the mall,” but both kitsch in ways that transform the meaning of that term.Less
How the impressionist optic persists apparently unchanged in the very different forms of contemporary painting by Peter Doig and Thomas Kinkade—one a cutting-edge post-conceptual artist, the other the “artist in the mall,” but both kitsch in ways that transform the meaning of that term.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book examines the intricacies of the American film's stylistic remediation of comics. Stylistic remediation refers to the stylistic practice by films (both adaptations of comics and original ...
More
This book examines the intricacies of the American film's stylistic remediation of comics. Stylistic remediation refers to the stylistic practice by films (both adaptations of comics and original properties), in which they have increasingly relied on the formal characteristics of comic books (such as panels, speed lines, the dissection of motion, flat compositions). For their part, comics have drawn upon formal devices derived from film (such as the film noir compositional technique of high-contrast lighting and Photoshop assisted motion blurring to produce a more cinematic look). The book explores how stylistic remediation complicates the idea of media specificity, the role of horizontal integration and conglomeration in the process of stylistic remediation, the industrial motivation behind remediation in films and comics, and whether the remediation of comic book stylistics into films is fundamentally a by-product of technologies and an indication of a larger ontological shift from cinema to digital cinema.Less
This book examines the intricacies of the American film's stylistic remediation of comics. Stylistic remediation refers to the stylistic practice by films (both adaptations of comics and original properties), in which they have increasingly relied on the formal characteristics of comic books (such as panels, speed lines, the dissection of motion, flat compositions). For their part, comics have drawn upon formal devices derived from film (such as the film noir compositional technique of high-contrast lighting and Photoshop assisted motion blurring to produce a more cinematic look). The book explores how stylistic remediation complicates the idea of media specificity, the role of horizontal integration and conglomeration in the process of stylistic remediation, the industrial motivation behind remediation in films and comics, and whether the remediation of comic book stylistics into films is fundamentally a by-product of technologies and an indication of a larger ontological shift from cinema to digital cinema.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines the process of stylistic remediation at work in the adaptation of a comic book to a film and how it is used by a media conglomerate as a means to unite its transmedia ...
More
This chapter examines the process of stylistic remediation at work in the adaptation of a comic book to a film and how it is used by a media conglomerate as a means to unite its transmedia properties. It uses Edgar Wright's adaptation of Bryan Lee O'Malley's comic series, Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, as a case study and shows how the comic book's stylistic remediation became a type of transmedia style. The chapter first explains what makes film and comic books distinct media forms by identifying their ontological differences before defining the formal properties that are being remediated in Scott Pilgrim. It then considers how stylistic remediation can become a form of transmedia style through O'Malley's work in the Scott Pilgrim series. Scott Pilgrim vs. the World (2010) did poorly in the box office, which the chapter argues diminished a rich trajectory of stylistic remediation in comic book adaptations.Less
This chapter examines the process of stylistic remediation at work in the adaptation of a comic book to a film and how it is used by a media conglomerate as a means to unite its transmedia properties. It uses Edgar Wright's adaptation of Bryan Lee O'Malley's comic series, Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, as a case study and shows how the comic book's stylistic remediation became a type of transmedia style. The chapter first explains what makes film and comic books distinct media forms by identifying their ontological differences before defining the formal properties that are being remediated in Scott Pilgrim. It then considers how stylistic remediation can become a form of transmedia style through O'Malley's work in the Scott Pilgrim series. Scott Pilgrim vs. the World (2010) did poorly in the box office, which the chapter argues diminished a rich trajectory of stylistic remediation in comic book adaptations.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines the historical, cultural, industrial, and technological contexts of stylistic remediation between comics and film. It traces the evolution of these various contexts in relation ...
More
This chapter examines the historical, cultural, industrial, and technological contexts of stylistic remediation between comics and film. It traces the evolution of these various contexts in relation to remediation of style by focusing on three film cycles that span from the blockbuster period that began with Jaws in 1975 to the contemporary period. These cycles are exemplified by the Superman films of the 1970s and 1980s, the Batman films of the 1980s and 1990s, and what Bob Rehak has defined as the high fidelity adaptations of the late 1990s and early 2000s. The chapter first provides a brief contextual history of comic books, film, and television before the blockbusters (1934–1968) before discussing the three cycles: Superman cycle (1978–1987), Batman cycle (1989–1997), and high-fidelity cycle (2000–2013). It shows that, during the Superman cycle, realism was essentially favored over the more formally flamboyant trajectory of stylistic remediation.Less
This chapter examines the historical, cultural, industrial, and technological contexts of stylistic remediation between comics and film. It traces the evolution of these various contexts in relation to remediation of style by focusing on three film cycles that span from the blockbuster period that began with Jaws in 1975 to the contemporary period. These cycles are exemplified by the Superman films of the 1970s and 1980s, the Batman films of the 1980s and 1990s, and what Bob Rehak has defined as the high fidelity adaptations of the late 1990s and early 2000s. The chapter first provides a brief contextual history of comic books, film, and television before the blockbusters (1934–1968) before discussing the three cycles: Superman cycle (1978–1987), Batman cycle (1989–1997), and high-fidelity cycle (2000–2013). It shows that, during the Superman cycle, realism was essentially favored over the more formally flamboyant trajectory of stylistic remediation.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines stylistic remediation beyond comic book films and the industrial practice beyond case studies in adaptation by focusing on three films: The Matrix (1999), The Good, the Bad, and ...
More
This chapter examines stylistic remediation beyond comic book films and the industrial practice beyond case studies in adaptation by focusing on three films: The Matrix (1999), The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966), and The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger Born (2007). It first considers “bullet time” in The Matrix, showing that its formal migration is an example of transmedia style: narratives delivered across multiple platforms that are united by stylistic remediation. It then compares comic book space and caricature in Sergio Leone's The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly and the Marvel Comics adaptation of Stephen King's The Dark Tower novels. It also explains how The Matrix stylistically remediates the motion lines of comics within its bullet time sequences while Leone's construction of space eschews the conventions of the continuity system in favor of the spatial discontinuity present across comic book panels.Less
This chapter examines stylistic remediation beyond comic book films and the industrial practice beyond case studies in adaptation by focusing on three films: The Matrix (1999), The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966), and The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger Born (2007). It first considers “bullet time” in The Matrix, showing that its formal migration is an example of transmedia style: narratives delivered across multiple platforms that are united by stylistic remediation. It then compares comic book space and caricature in Sergio Leone's The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly and the Marvel Comics adaptation of Stephen King's The Dark Tower novels. It also explains how The Matrix stylistically remediates the motion lines of comics within its bullet time sequences while Leone's construction of space eschews the conventions of the continuity system in favor of the spatial discontinuity present across comic book panels.
Drew Morton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496809780
- eISBN:
- 9781496809827
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496809780.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This conclusion reconsiders the role of horizontal integration and multimedia conglomerates in the process of stylistic remediation and the industrial motivation behind stylistic remediation, both in ...
More
This conclusion reconsiders the role of horizontal integration and multimedia conglomerates in the process of stylistic remediation and the industrial motivation behind stylistic remediation, both in films and comics. It shows that horizontal integration and conglomeration have become more influential over the past three decades, as seen in the case of Time Warner. It also discusses the ways in which stylistic remediation can serve as a research and development function by allowing multinational conglomerates to experiment with computer-generated imagery (CGI) and form that can be spread across multiple properties (like “bullet time” in The Matrix). Finally, it examines whether the remediation of comic book stylistics into films is fundamentally a by-product of technologies and an indication of a Manovichian shift from cinema to digital cinema.Less
This conclusion reconsiders the role of horizontal integration and multimedia conglomerates in the process of stylistic remediation and the industrial motivation behind stylistic remediation, both in films and comics. It shows that horizontal integration and conglomeration have become more influential over the past three decades, as seen in the case of Time Warner. It also discusses the ways in which stylistic remediation can serve as a research and development function by allowing multinational conglomerates to experiment with computer-generated imagery (CGI) and form that can be spread across multiple properties (like “bullet time” in The Matrix). Finally, it examines whether the remediation of comic book stylistics into films is fundamentally a by-product of technologies and an indication of a Manovichian shift from cinema to digital cinema.
William M. Alley and Rosemarie Alley
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300220384
- eISBN:
- 9780300227550
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300220384.003.0011
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Nature
Virtually all chemicals that humans use can find their way into groundwater. The cost of aquifer protection through proper handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals is miniscule compared to the ...
More
Virtually all chemicals that humans use can find their way into groundwater. The cost of aquifer protection through proper handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals is miniscule compared to the ongoing costs of trying to clean up a contaminated aquifer—if it’s even possible. This chapter provides historical background on major chemical pollutants and examines key difficulties surrounding chemical contamination and remediation of groundwater with examples from throughout North America.Less
Virtually all chemicals that humans use can find their way into groundwater. The cost of aquifer protection through proper handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals is miniscule compared to the ongoing costs of trying to clean up a contaminated aquifer—if it’s even possible. This chapter provides historical background on major chemical pollutants and examines key difficulties surrounding chemical contamination and remediation of groundwater with examples from throughout North America.
