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George Taylor and the War Labor Board, 1942–45

Ronald W. Schatz

in The Labor Board Crew: Remaking Worker-Employer Relations from Pearl Harbor to the Reagan Era

During World War II, the National War Labor Board served as the industrial equivalent of the U.S. Supreme Court, issuing edicts of highly contentious labor-management disputes, and the Regional War ... More

During World War II, the National War Labor Board served as the industrial equivalent of the U.S. Supreme Court, issuing edicts of highly contentious labor-management disputes, and the Regional War Labor Boards and the board’s national staff resolved thousands of disputes at the local level and in specific industries. This chapter explains how the national and regional boards succeeded. It focuses on George W. Taylor, the NWLB’s vice chairman and mentor of the Labor Board staff, and Regional War Labor Board III headquartered in Philadelphia and chaired by Sylvester Garrett. It challenges earlier interpretations by Lichtenstein, Stone, Lynd, and others that the NWLB undermined unions and hurt workers. The opposite is more accurate. The board prevented Congress from passing draconian anti-union legislation, protected unions, helped the unions acquire many more members, and helped the United States produce the arms and other materiel needed to defeat the Axis powers.Less

The Transpacific Cold War

Heonik Kwon

in Transpacific Studies: Framing an Emerging Field

Heonik Kwon (Anthropology, London School of Economics), in “The Transpacific Cold War,” argues for placing the global Cold War at the center of any consideration of the Transpacific. He examines the ... More

Heonik Kwon (Anthropology, London School of Economics), in “The Transpacific Cold War,” argues for placing the global Cold War at the center of any consideration of the Transpacific. He examines the conjuncture between colonial and Cold War political formations as necessary for understanding the historicity of the Asia-Pacific region and for grasping its future horizon.Less

A League of Their Own

in Between States: The Transylvanian Question and the European Idea during World War II

This chapter shows how Hungarian and Romanian statesmen clung to minority rights rhetoric through the darkest days of the war, forcing Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy to play the role of minority ... More

This chapter shows how Hungarian and Romanian statesmen clung to minority rights rhetoric through the darkest days of the war, forcing Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy to play the role of minority rights watchdog for both states, in a sense picking up where the League of Nations had left off. Their mediation efforts implicitly confirmed the claim that formed the basis for the League system, namely, that minorities constituted “obligations of international concern”.Less