Jane I. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195307313
- eISBN:
- 9780199867875
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307313.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. ...
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This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. Starting with a brief history of Christian-Muslim relations, the text deals with Islam in America, models of dialogue, problems that can occur in interfaith engagement, pluralism as it is understood by Christians and Muslims, and new avenues for dialogue. The specific examples cited suggest to the reader some of the kinds of cooperative events that are taking place, as well as the variety of thinking on the part of both Christians and Muslims as to what it means to be in dialogue and to take seriously the elements of faith held by the other.Less
This book provides an overview and analysis of the recent history of Christian-Muslim dialogue in the United States, and the ways in which it has been furthered and enriched since September 11, 2001. Starting with a brief history of Christian-Muslim relations, the text deals with Islam in America, models of dialogue, problems that can occur in interfaith engagement, pluralism as it is understood by Christians and Muslims, and new avenues for dialogue. The specific examples cited suggest to the reader some of the kinds of cooperative events that are taking place, as well as the variety of thinking on the part of both Christians and Muslims as to what it means to be in dialogue and to take seriously the elements of faith held by the other.
Christopher J. Colvin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199291922
- eISBN:
- 9780191603716
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199291926.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This paper explores the reparations debate in post-apartheid South Africa and outlines the recommendations for reparations made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Although reparations ...
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This paper explores the reparations debate in post-apartheid South Africa and outlines the recommendations for reparations made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Although reparations were discussed at the multi-party negotiations at the end of apartheid, the new democratic constitution that came out of those negotiations did not provide for reparations. The legislation that created the TRC, however, established a special committee (the Committee on Reparations and Rehabilitation or CRR) to formally examine the reparations issue and make policy recommendations to the President. The CRR made its recommendations — widely considered to be one of the world’s most ambitious and comprehensive reparations policies — in the TRC’s 1998 Report. However, the South African government did not respond to these recommendations, arguing that since the work of other committees within the TRC was not yet finished, it could not consider the CRR’s proposed policy. Victim groups and civil society disagreed, and an acrimonious conflict ensued over the perceived slow pace of government action on reparations. Victims also pursued lawsuits for reparations against multinational corporations that conducted business with the apartheid government. In 2003, the government finally enacted a reduced version of the CRR’s original reparations policy.Less
This paper explores the reparations debate in post-apartheid South Africa and outlines the recommendations for reparations made by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Although reparations were discussed at the multi-party negotiations at the end of apartheid, the new democratic constitution that came out of those negotiations did not provide for reparations. The legislation that created the TRC, however, established a special committee (the Committee on Reparations and Rehabilitation or CRR) to formally examine the reparations issue and make policy recommendations to the President. The CRR made its recommendations — widely considered to be one of the world’s most ambitious and comprehensive reparations policies — in the TRC’s 1998 Report. However, the South African government did not respond to these recommendations, arguing that since the work of other committees within the TRC was not yet finished, it could not consider the CRR’s proposed policy. Victim groups and civil society disagreed, and an acrimonious conflict ensued over the perceived slow pace of government action on reparations. Victims also pursued lawsuits for reparations against multinational corporations that conducted business with the apartheid government. In 2003, the government finally enacted a reduced version of the CRR’s original reparations policy.
Linda Radzik
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195373660
- eISBN:
- 9780199871971
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195373660.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Can wrongs be righted? Can we make up for our misdeeds, or does the impossibility of changing the past mean that we remain permanently guilty? While atonement is traditionally considered a ...
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Can wrongs be righted? Can we make up for our misdeeds, or does the impossibility of changing the past mean that we remain permanently guilty? While atonement is traditionally considered a theological topic, this book uses the resources of secular moral philosophy to explore the possibility of correcting the wrongs we do to one another. Philosophers generally approach the problem of past wrongdoing from the point of view of either a judge or a victim. They assume that wrongdoing can be resolved only through punishment or forgiveness. But this book explores the responses that wrongdoers can and should make to their own misdeeds — responses such as apology, repentance, reparations, and self-punishment. This book examines the possibility of atonement in a broad spectrum of contexts — from cases of relatively minor wrongs in personal relationships, to crimes, to the historical injustices of our political and religious communities. It argues that wrongdoers often have the ability to earn redemption within the moral community. This book defends a theory of atonement that emphasizes the rebuilding of respect and trust among victims, communities, and wrongdoers. The ideal of reconciliation enables us to explain the value of repentance without restricting our interest to the wrongdoer's character, to account for the power of reparations without placing a dollar value on dignity, to justify the suffering of guilt without falling into a simplistic endorsement of retribution, and to insist on the moral responsibility of wrongdoing groups without treating their members unfairly.Less
Can wrongs be righted? Can we make up for our misdeeds, or does the impossibility of changing the past mean that we remain permanently guilty? While atonement is traditionally considered a theological topic, this book uses the resources of secular moral philosophy to explore the possibility of correcting the wrongs we do to one another. Philosophers generally approach the problem of past wrongdoing from the point of view of either a judge or a victim. They assume that wrongdoing can be resolved only through punishment or forgiveness. But this book explores the responses that wrongdoers can and should make to their own misdeeds — responses such as apology, repentance, reparations, and self-punishment. This book examines the possibility of atonement in a broad spectrum of contexts — from cases of relatively minor wrongs in personal relationships, to crimes, to the historical injustices of our political and religious communities. It argues that wrongdoers often have the ability to earn redemption within the moral community. This book defends a theory of atonement that emphasizes the rebuilding of respect and trust among victims, communities, and wrongdoers. The ideal of reconciliation enables us to explain the value of repentance without restricting our interest to the wrongdoer's character, to account for the power of reparations without placing a dollar value on dignity, to justify the suffering of guilt without falling into a simplistic endorsement of retribution, and to insist on the moral responsibility of wrongdoing groups without treating their members unfairly.
Julia von Dannenberg
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199228195
- eISBN:
- 9780191711367
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228195.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Based on recently released archival sources, this book analyses the German-Soviet negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 1970. This treaty was the linchpin of the ‘New ...
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Based on recently released archival sources, this book analyses the German-Soviet negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 1970. This treaty was the linchpin of the ‘New Ostpolitik’ launched by Chancellor Willy Brandt's government as a policy of reconciliation and an attempt to normalize relations with the countries of the Eastern bloc. Focusing on the decision-making processes, both within the German domestic political system as well as within the international context, this book offers a new interpretation of the shift from confrontational to détente politics at this time, arguing that the Moscow Treaty was the product of various interrelated domestic and external factors. As the book shows, the change of government to a Social-Liberal coalition was the first important precondition for Ostpolitik, while the speedy conclusion of the Moscow Treaty owed much to the high degree of secrecy and centralization that characterized Brandt's policy-making and that of his small coterie of advisors. However, Brandt's predominance in the decision-making process does not mean that he alone determined the direction of policy. His room for manoeuvre was, amongst other things, constrained by his coalition's narrow parliamentary majority as well as the Western Allies'special rights. On the other hand, German-Soviet trade expansion, public opinion, and the emerging international interest in détente in the mid-1960s were crucial factors favouring Ostpolitik. It was in this configuration of circumstances that Brandt placed himself at the forefront of the movement towards détente between East and West by introducing his bold diplomatic design — one that had the reunification of Germany as its ultimate goal.Less
Based on recently released archival sources, this book analyses the German-Soviet negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 1970. This treaty was the linchpin of the ‘New Ostpolitik’ launched by Chancellor Willy Brandt's government as a policy of reconciliation and an attempt to normalize relations with the countries of the Eastern bloc. Focusing on the decision-making processes, both within the German domestic political system as well as within the international context, this book offers a new interpretation of the shift from confrontational to détente politics at this time, arguing that the Moscow Treaty was the product of various interrelated domestic and external factors. As the book shows, the change of government to a Social-Liberal coalition was the first important precondition for Ostpolitik, while the speedy conclusion of the Moscow Treaty owed much to the high degree of secrecy and centralization that characterized Brandt's policy-making and that of his small coterie of advisors. However, Brandt's predominance in the decision-making process does not mean that he alone determined the direction of policy. His room for manoeuvre was, amongst other things, constrained by his coalition's narrow parliamentary majority as well as the Western Allies'special rights. On the other hand, German-Soviet trade expansion, public opinion, and the emerging international interest in détente in the mid-1960s were crucial factors favouring Ostpolitik. It was in this configuration of circumstances that Brandt placed himself at the forefront of the movement towards détente between East and West by introducing his bold diplomatic design — one that had the reunification of Germany as its ultimate goal.
Arie Nadler, Thomas Malloy, and Jeffrey D. Fisher (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195300314
- eISBN:
- 9780199868698
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195300314.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
The book begins with an overview by Herbert Kelman, discussing reconciliation as distinct from related processes of conflict settlement and conflict resolution. Following that, the first section of ...
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The book begins with an overview by Herbert Kelman, discussing reconciliation as distinct from related processes of conflict settlement and conflict resolution. Following that, the first section of the book focuses on intergroup reconciliation as consisting of moving beyond feelings of guilt and victimization (i.e., socio-emotional reconciliation). These processes include acceptance of responsibility for past wrongdoings and being forgiven in return. Such processes must occur on the background of restoring and maintaining feelings of esteem and respect for each of the parties. The chapters in the second section focus on processes through which parties learn to co-exist in a conflict free environment and trust each other (i.e., instrumental reconciliation). Such learning results from prolonged contact between adversarial groups under optimal conditions. Chapters in this section highlight the critical role of identity related processes (e.g., common identity) and power equality in this context. The contributions in the third part apply the social-psychological insights discussed previously to an analysis of real world programs to bring reconciliation (e.g., Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda, Israelis and Palestinians, and African societies plagued by the HIV epidemic and the Western aid donors). In a concluding chapter Morton Deutsch shares his insights on intergroup reconciliation that have accumulated in close to six decades of work on conflict and its resolution.Less
The book begins with an overview by Herbert Kelman, discussing reconciliation as distinct from related processes of conflict settlement and conflict resolution. Following that, the first section of the book focuses on intergroup reconciliation as consisting of moving beyond feelings of guilt and victimization (i.e., socio-emotional reconciliation). These processes include acceptance of responsibility for past wrongdoings and being forgiven in return. Such processes must occur on the background of restoring and maintaining feelings of esteem and respect for each of the parties. The chapters in the second section focus on processes through which parties learn to co-exist in a conflict free environment and trust each other (i.e., instrumental reconciliation). Such learning results from prolonged contact between adversarial groups under optimal conditions. Chapters in this section highlight the critical role of identity related processes (e.g., common identity) and power equality in this context. The contributions in the third part apply the social-psychological insights discussed previously to an analysis of real world programs to bring reconciliation (e.g., Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda, Israelis and Palestinians, and African societies plagued by the HIV epidemic and the Western aid donors). In a concluding chapter Morton Deutsch shares his insights on intergroup reconciliation that have accumulated in close to six decades of work on conflict and its resolution.
Martin Ceadel
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241170
- eISBN:
- 9780191696893
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241170.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Britain's semi-detached geographical position has helped to give it the world's strongest peace movement. Secure enough from invasions to be influenced by an idealistic approach to international ...
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Britain's semi-detached geographical position has helped to give it the world's strongest peace movement. Secure enough from invasions to be influenced by an idealistic approach to international relations, yet too close to the Continent for isolationism to be an option, the country has provided favourable conditions for those aspiring not merely to prevent war but to abolish it. The period from the Crimean War to World War II marked the British peace movement's age of maturity. In 1854, it was obliged for the first time to contest a decision — and moreover a highly popular one — to enter war. It survived the resulting adversity, and gradually rebuilt its position as an accepted voice in public life, though by the end of the 19th century its leading associations such as the Peace Society were losing vitality as they gained respectability. Stimulated by the First World War into radicalizing and reconstructing itself through the formation of such associations as the Union of Democratic Control, the No-Conscription Fellowship, and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the movement endured another period of unpopularity before enjoying unprecedented influence during the inter-war years, the era of the League of Nations Union, the Oxford Union's ‘King and country’ debate, the Peace Ballot, and the Peace Pledge Union. Finally, however, Adolf Hitler discredited much of the agenda it had been promoting the previous century or more. This book covers all significant peace associations and campaigns.Less
Britain's semi-detached geographical position has helped to give it the world's strongest peace movement. Secure enough from invasions to be influenced by an idealistic approach to international relations, yet too close to the Continent for isolationism to be an option, the country has provided favourable conditions for those aspiring not merely to prevent war but to abolish it. The period from the Crimean War to World War II marked the British peace movement's age of maturity. In 1854, it was obliged for the first time to contest a decision — and moreover a highly popular one — to enter war. It survived the resulting adversity, and gradually rebuilt its position as an accepted voice in public life, though by the end of the 19th century its leading associations such as the Peace Society were losing vitality as they gained respectability. Stimulated by the First World War into radicalizing and reconstructing itself through the formation of such associations as the Union of Democratic Control, the No-Conscription Fellowship, and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the movement endured another period of unpopularity before enjoying unprecedented influence during the inter-war years, the era of the League of Nations Union, the Oxford Union's ‘King and country’ debate, the Peace Ballot, and the Peace Pledge Union. Finally, however, Adolf Hitler discredited much of the agenda it had been promoting the previous century or more. This book covers all significant peace associations and campaigns.
Arie Nadler and Nurit Shnabel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195300314
- eISBN:
- 9780199868698
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195300314.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter centers on processes of intergroup reconciliation and has three related goals. It begins with a definition of reconciliation, then considers the distinction between socioemotional and ...
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This chapter centers on processes of intergroup reconciliation and has three related goals. It begins with a definition of reconciliation, then considers the distinction between socioemotional and instrumental reconciliation. The Needs-Based Model of socioemotional reconciliation is presented. The chapter concludes by discussing the theoretical and applied implications of this model.Less
This chapter centers on processes of intergroup reconciliation and has three related goals. It begins with a definition of reconciliation, then considers the distinction between socioemotional and instrumental reconciliation. The Needs-Based Model of socioemotional reconciliation is presented. The chapter concludes by discussing the theoretical and applied implications of this model.
Simon Chesterman
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199263486
- eISBN:
- 9780191600999
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199263485.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
How can faith in local institutions — most importantly the rule of law — be supported? In many situations, the very laws to be enforced will themselves be controversial, as Serb laws were in ...
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How can faith in local institutions — most importantly the rule of law — be supported? In many situations, the very laws to be enforced will themselves be controversial, as Serb laws were in post‐conflict Kosovo. Similarly, appointment of judges gives rise to tensions between the need to involve local actors and the desire of international actors to maintain high standards of accountability (for the locals as well as themselves). These tensions may come to a head around the most political crimes, in turn raising the question of how to address a legacy of human rights abuse.Less
How can faith in local institutions — most importantly the rule of law — be supported? In many situations, the very laws to be enforced will themselves be controversial, as Serb laws were in post‐conflict Kosovo. Similarly, appointment of judges gives rise to tensions between the need to involve local actors and the desire of international actors to maintain high standards of accountability (for the locals as well as themselves). These tensions may come to a head around the most political crimes, in turn raising the question of how to address a legacy of human rights abuse.
Richard Caplan
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- July 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199263455
- eISBN:
- 9780191602726
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199263450.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Public order and internal security are the sine qua non of civil rule and, by extension, of the international administration of a territory. Examines international engagement in relation to the triad ...
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Public order and internal security are the sine qua non of civil rule and, by extension, of the international administration of a territory. Examines international engagement in relation to the triad of responsibilities—policing, the administration of justice, and the establishment of penal systems—that are most critical for the maintenance of law and order in a war-torn territory. Some of the issues addressed include supervisory versus executive policing, the role of military forces in policing, extra-judicial detention, war criminals, and reconciliation processes.Less
Public order and internal security are the sine qua non of civil rule and, by extension, of the international administration of a territory. Examines international engagement in relation to the triad of responsibilities—policing, the administration of justice, and the establishment of penal systems—that are most critical for the maintenance of law and order in a war-torn territory. Some of the issues addressed include supervisory versus executive policing, the role of military forces in policing, extra-judicial detention, war criminals, and reconciliation processes.
John Paul Lederach and R. Scott Appleby
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195395914
- eISBN:
- 9780199776801
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395914.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter explores the applicability of a political ethic of reconciliation to cases of gross human rights violations and past political injustices, drawing on reconciliation’s central ...
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This chapter explores the applicability of a political ethic of reconciliation to cases of gross human rights violations and past political injustices, drawing on reconciliation’s central virtue—mercy—as found in various religious traditions, international human rights discourse, and the liberal tradition. The chapter brings to light not only a deeper meaning of the term reconciliation as a concept of justice, but also what political reconciliation translates to in practice for victims, perpetrators, and state institutions. Like peacebuilding, an ethic of reconciliation at the political and state level involves a multiplicity of practices that are often viewed as mutually exclusive. However, Philpott illustrates through engaging key critiques of reconciliation that when taken together these restorative practices constitute a unique and holistic ethic of reconciliation for political healing.Less
This chapter explores the applicability of a political ethic of reconciliation to cases of gross human rights violations and past political injustices, drawing on reconciliation’s central virtue—mercy—as found in various religious traditions, international human rights discourse, and the liberal tradition. The chapter brings to light not only a deeper meaning of the term reconciliation as a concept of justice, but also what political reconciliation translates to in practice for victims, perpetrators, and state institutions. Like peacebuilding, an ethic of reconciliation at the political and state level involves a multiplicity of practices that are often viewed as mutually exclusive. However, Philpott illustrates through engaging key critiques of reconciliation that when taken together these restorative practices constitute a unique and holistic ethic of reconciliation for political healing.
David Albert Jones
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199213009
- eISBN:
- 9780191707179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213009.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines the role of the clergy in pastoral care in their parishes. It considers the expectations of the Church's Canons and the bishops. It considers the evidence for parochial ...
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This chapter examines the role of the clergy in pastoral care in their parishes. It considers the expectations of the Church's Canons and the bishops. It considers the evidence for parochial visiting, care for the sick and the dying, including drawing up people's wills, and the administration of charity. It also explores their role as chair of the parish vestry, and in the administration and reform of the Poor Law. It investigates their role in the moral oversight of the residents of their parish; the part religious societies played in improving the spiritual and moral lives of parishioners, and their role as a reconciler in their parish; the significance of the appointment of many clergy as justices of the peace in the later 18th century; and the impact of this on their role.Less
This chapter examines the role of the clergy in pastoral care in their parishes. It considers the expectations of the Church's Canons and the bishops. It considers the evidence for parochial visiting, care for the sick and the dying, including drawing up people's wills, and the administration of charity. It also explores their role as chair of the parish vestry, and in the administration and reform of the Poor Law. It investigates their role in the moral oversight of the residents of their parish; the part religious societies played in improving the spiritual and moral lives of parishioners, and their role as a reconciler in their parish; the significance of the appointment of many clergy as justices of the peace in the later 18th century; and the impact of this on their role.
Gerald SJ O'Collins
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199203130
- eISBN:
- 9780191707742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199203130.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
The scriptures and the texts used for the public worship of Christians teem with salvific and redemptive terms and images. This chapter aims to clarify in a preliminary way some of the language used ...
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The scriptures and the texts used for the public worship of Christians teem with salvific and redemptive terms and images. This chapter aims to clarify in a preliminary way some of the language used for redemption—both as regards the process of being redeemed and the end‐result or state of being redeemed.Less
The scriptures and the texts used for the public worship of Christians teem with salvific and redemptive terms and images. This chapter aims to clarify in a preliminary way some of the language used for redemption—both as regards the process of being redeemed and the end‐result or state of being redeemed.
Donald W. Shriver, Jr.
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195151534
- eISBN:
- 9780199785056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151534.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
South Africa is credited with having achieved one of the great historical non-violent transitions from oppression to democracy. In the 10 years after 1994, its citizens and government have enacted ...
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South Africa is credited with having achieved one of the great historical non-violent transitions from oppression to democracy. In the 10 years after 1994, its citizens and government have enacted several measures for ensuring that future generations will neither forget the apartheid past nor ever repeat it: new laws, a new constitution, a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, museums, liberation anniversaries, and public memorials to human suffering in the past. This chapter pays special attention to the TRC of 1995-98 and lessons to be learned from its work by other countries.Less
South Africa is credited with having achieved one of the great historical non-violent transitions from oppression to democracy. In the 10 years after 1994, its citizens and government have enacted several measures for ensuring that future generations will neither forget the apartheid past nor ever repeat it: new laws, a new constitution, a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, museums, liberation anniversaries, and public memorials to human suffering in the past. This chapter pays special attention to the TRC of 1995-98 and lessons to be learned from its work by other countries.
Richard A. Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199240906
- eISBN:
- 9780191598869
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199240906.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
An examination is made of various aspects of justice and legitimacy in the transition from authoritarianism to democracy in South Africa. The major part of the chapter discusses the Truth and ...
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An examination is made of various aspects of justice and legitimacy in the transition from authoritarianism to democracy in South Africa. The major part of the chapter discusses the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The different sections of the chapter are: Introduction; Race, Nationalism, and Political Violence – a discussion of the causes of the massive levels of political violence in the recent history of South Africa; The Negotiations for a Transition; Negotiating an Amnesty; and the TRC as a Liminal Institution; and Concluding Remarks.Less
An examination is made of various aspects of justice and legitimacy in the transition from authoritarianism to democracy in South Africa. The major part of the chapter discusses the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The different sections of the chapter are: Introduction; Race, Nationalism, and Political Violence – a discussion of the causes of the massive levels of political violence in the recent history of South Africa; The Negotiations for a Transition; Negotiating an Amnesty; and the TRC as a Liminal Institution; and Concluding Remarks.
George P. Fletcher
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195156287
- eISBN:
- 9780199872169
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195156285.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter confronts the problem of conferring meaning on the violence of armed conflict – is it crime, or is it war? – and addresses the questions of treason and loyalty that arose during the ...
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This chapter confronts the problem of conferring meaning on the violence of armed conflict – is it crime, or is it war? – and addresses the questions of treason and loyalty that arose during the Reconstruction as the U.S. reached for reconciliation between North and South. These oppositions are illuminated in discussions of the treatment of John Brown following his raid on Harper's Ferry; the fate of Jefferson Davis; and the problem of the Prize Cases, in which the Supreme Court determined the legality of the Southern blockade.Less
This chapter confronts the problem of conferring meaning on the violence of armed conflict – is it crime, or is it war? – and addresses the questions of treason and loyalty that arose during the Reconstruction as the U.S. reached for reconciliation between North and South. These oppositions are illuminated in discussions of the treatment of John Brown following his raid on Harper's Ferry; the fate of Jefferson Davis; and the problem of the Prize Cases, in which the Supreme Court determined the legality of the Southern blockade.
Kathleen Garces-Foley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195311082
- eISBN:
- 9780199785322
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311082.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter examines the theological foundations of the racial reconciliation movement, which has played an important role in Evergreen's development. After discussing the biblical basis of racial ...
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This chapter examines the theological foundations of the racial reconciliation movement, which has played an important role in Evergreen's development. After discussing the biblical basis of racial reconciliation theology and its development into a larger movement within mainstream evangelicalism, Evergreen's unique approach to racial reconciliation is assessed, an approach that differs significantly from the color-blind model.Less
This chapter examines the theological foundations of the racial reconciliation movement, which has played an important role in Evergreen's development. After discussing the biblical basis of racial reconciliation theology and its development into a larger movement within mainstream evangelicalism, Evergreen's unique approach to racial reconciliation is assessed, an approach that differs significantly from the color-blind model.
Kathleen Garces-Foley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195311082
- eISBN:
- 9780199785322
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311082.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter explores the role young adults are playing in the push toward multiethnic churches and the converging factors — both secular and religious — that have contributed to their diversity. ...
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This chapter explores the role young adults are playing in the push toward multiethnic churches and the converging factors — both secular and religious — that have contributed to their diversity. InterVarsity has played a key role in the lives of many young people at Evergreen. The ways in which InterVarsity in Los Angeles addresses diversity and racial reconciliation is examined. While many white evangelicals appeal to a color-blind, individual reconciliation approach to diversity, InterVarsity in Los Angeles has stressed ethnic diversity and, increasingly, social justice in its teaching on racial reconciliation.Less
This chapter explores the role young adults are playing in the push toward multiethnic churches and the converging factors — both secular and religious — that have contributed to their diversity. InterVarsity has played a key role in the lives of many young people at Evergreen. The ways in which InterVarsity in Los Angeles addresses diversity and racial reconciliation is examined. While many white evangelicals appeal to a color-blind, individual reconciliation approach to diversity, InterVarsity in Los Angeles has stressed ethnic diversity and, increasingly, social justice in its teaching on racial reconciliation.
Desmond King
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198296294
- eISBN:
- 9780191599668
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296290.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
King discusses the history and politics of workfare in the US, the practice of requiring work activity in exchange for welfare benefits. He analyses the late nineteenth‐century Poor Law deterrent ...
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King discusses the history and politics of workfare in the US, the practice of requiring work activity in exchange for welfare benefits. He analyses the late nineteenth‐century Poor Law deterrent traditions as well as the post‐1960s shifts to modern contractualist workfare, which culminated in the 1996 Personal Responsibility Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. Within this discussion, King examines the influence of an English institutional inheritance as well as American cultural attitudes towards welfare as expressed in public opinion surveys strongly marked by racial cleavages and perceptions of dependency. King argues that modern American workfare programmes are not driven solely by pragmatic needs or electoral pressures, but rather by moralistic concerns about failing to work along with the prevailing view that welfare harmfully fosters dependency amongst its recipients.Less
King discusses the history and politics of workfare in the US, the practice of requiring work activity in exchange for welfare benefits. He analyses the late nineteenth‐century Poor Law deterrent traditions as well as the post‐1960s shifts to modern contractualist workfare, which culminated in the 1996 Personal Responsibility Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. Within this discussion, King examines the influence of an English institutional inheritance as well as American cultural attitudes towards welfare as expressed in public opinion surveys strongly marked by racial cleavages and perceptions of dependency. King argues that modern American workfare programmes are not driven solely by pragmatic needs or electoral pressures, but rather by moralistic concerns about failing to work along with the prevailing view that welfare harmfully fosters dependency amongst its recipients.
Daniel Philpott
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199827565
- eISBN:
- 9780199949779
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199827565.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
In the wake of massive injustice, how can justice be achieved and peace restored? This book offers an innovative and hopeful response to these questions. It challenges the approach to peacebuilding ...
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In the wake of massive injustice, how can justice be achieved and peace restored? This book offers an innovative and hopeful response to these questions. It challenges the approach to peacebuilding that dominates the United Nations, Western governments, and the human rights community. While this book shares their commitments to human rights and democracy, it argues that these values alone cannot redress the wounds caused by war, genocide, and dictatorship. Both justice and the effective restoration of political order call for a more holistic, restorative approach. The book answers that call by proposing a form of political reconciliation that is deeply rooted in three religious traditions—Christianity, Islam, and Judaism—as well as the restorative justice movement. These traditions offer the fullest expressions of the core concepts of justice, mercy, and peace. By adapting these ancient concepts to modern constitutional democracy and international norms, the book crafts an ethic that has widespread appeal and offers real hope for the restoration of justice in fractured communities. From the roots of these traditions, the book develops six practices—building just institutions and relations between states, acknowledgment, reparations, restorative punishment, apology and, most important, forgiveness—which the book then applies to real cases, identifying how each practice redresses a unique set of wounds. Focusing on places as varied as Bosnia, Iraq, South Africa, Germany, Sierra Leone, Timor-Leste, Chile, and many others—and drawing on the actual experience of victims and perpetrators—this book offers a fresh approach to the age-old problem of restoring justice in the aftermath of widespread injustice.Less
In the wake of massive injustice, how can justice be achieved and peace restored? This book offers an innovative and hopeful response to these questions. It challenges the approach to peacebuilding that dominates the United Nations, Western governments, and the human rights community. While this book shares their commitments to human rights and democracy, it argues that these values alone cannot redress the wounds caused by war, genocide, and dictatorship. Both justice and the effective restoration of political order call for a more holistic, restorative approach. The book answers that call by proposing a form of political reconciliation that is deeply rooted in three religious traditions—Christianity, Islam, and Judaism—as well as the restorative justice movement. These traditions offer the fullest expressions of the core concepts of justice, mercy, and peace. By adapting these ancient concepts to modern constitutional democracy and international norms, the book crafts an ethic that has widespread appeal and offers real hope for the restoration of justice in fractured communities. From the roots of these traditions, the book develops six practices—building just institutions and relations between states, acknowledgment, reparations, restorative punishment, apology and, most important, forgiveness—which the book then applies to real cases, identifying how each practice redresses a unique set of wounds. Focusing on places as varied as Bosnia, Iraq, South Africa, Germany, Sierra Leone, Timor-Leste, Chile, and many others—and drawing on the actual experience of victims and perpetrators—this book offers a fresh approach to the age-old problem of restoring justice in the aftermath of widespread injustice.
Daniel Philpott and Gerard Powers
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195395914
- eISBN:
- 9780199776801
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395914.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This volume comprises a discussion among a wide range of expert scholars and practitioners on what defines and distinguishes the concept of strategic peacebuilding. The authors respond reflexively to ...
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This volume comprises a discussion among a wide range of expert scholars and practitioners on what defines and distinguishes the concept of strategic peacebuilding. The authors respond reflexively to the failures of peacebuilding and constructively press forward an emergent paradigm shift that questions the assumptions of a state-centric and liberal approach to peace. Strategic peacebuilding, they argue, is an intentional approach to the complexity of post-conflict environments that recognizes the interdependence of sectors, actors, and policies and develops strategies to maximize the impact of initiatives through strengthening these linkages. The volume first builds a theory of strategic peacebuilding, distinguishing it from past efforts and exploring the myriad ways strategic approaches can make peacebuilding more effective. It then explores the role of international institutions, particularly the International Criminal Court and United Nations, highlighting ways forward for building more sustainable and locally informed peace. Importantly, this volume reflects the multiplicity of actors and practices involved in strategic peacebuilding, focusing on the roles of civil society, educational institutions, and cultural and religious leaders in promoting justice and reconciliation. Employing a diverse array of methods, disciplines, and practices, the authors of this volume demonstrate that a strategic approach to peacebuilding is imperative for achieving an inclusive, locally informed and self-sustaining justpeace.Less
This volume comprises a discussion among a wide range of expert scholars and practitioners on what defines and distinguishes the concept of strategic peacebuilding. The authors respond reflexively to the failures of peacebuilding and constructively press forward an emergent paradigm shift that questions the assumptions of a state-centric and liberal approach to peace. Strategic peacebuilding, they argue, is an intentional approach to the complexity of post-conflict environments that recognizes the interdependence of sectors, actors, and policies and develops strategies to maximize the impact of initiatives through strengthening these linkages. The volume first builds a theory of strategic peacebuilding, distinguishing it from past efforts and exploring the myriad ways strategic approaches can make peacebuilding more effective. It then explores the role of international institutions, particularly the International Criminal Court and United Nations, highlighting ways forward for building more sustainable and locally informed peace. Importantly, this volume reflects the multiplicity of actors and practices involved in strategic peacebuilding, focusing on the roles of civil society, educational institutions, and cultural and religious leaders in promoting justice and reconciliation. Employing a diverse array of methods, disciplines, and practices, the authors of this volume demonstrate that a strategic approach to peacebuilding is imperative for achieving an inclusive, locally informed and self-sustaining justpeace.
