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Celebrating … Empowerment Projects!

Nina Eliasoph

in Making Volunteers: Civic Life after Welfare's End

This chapter describes the bewildering, over-stimulating form of empowerment projects' public events. In roughly similar words, all flyers for these events invite people to “celebrate our diverse, ... More

This chapter describes the bewildering, over-stimulating form of empowerment projects' public events. In roughly similar words, all flyers for these events invite people to “celebrate our diverse, multicultural community.” Organizers would not specify what the celebrations were about, intentionally leaving it “open and undefined.” Nonetheless, anyone who attends a few of these events will know exactly what to expect: a jumble of nonprofit, activist, and government programs, making the celebration of “our multicultural community” seem like a public service announcement offering instruction in how to avoid the heartbreaks that disproportionately touch the poor and the ill. “Our diverse, multicultural community” thus becomes, in everyday usage, a way of avoiding a conversation about poverty, and simultaneously, of celebrating empowerment projects.Less

Nature of Public Events

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This chapter examines the nature of public events. Understanding the characteristics of public events is of foremost importance for the analyses of event response dynamics. The nature of public ... More

This chapter examines the nature of public events. Understanding the characteristics of public events is of foremost importance for the analyses of event response dynamics. The nature of public events varies spatially and temporally. However, it can be expected that there are similarities in nature of events in the same location across a period of time. Similarly, congruence in nature of public events can be expected in cities and towns in geographical proximity with each other due to similarities in demographic, cultural, economic, and political factors. On the basis of an overview of events in the city the broad contours and characteristics of events are delineated.Less

Police Response to Public Events

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This chapter examines the police response with a view to elucidating the relationship between public events and police response. Policing systems differ across urban and rural settings due to ... More

This chapter examines the police response with a view to elucidating the relationship between public events and police response. Policing systems differ across urban and rural settings due to differences in environmental and organizational factors and this variation in styles has its impact on public order policing. This chapter also looks at an empirical assessment of field level response, before moving to an in-depth discussion on the impact of the nature of an event on police intervention and on the use of force by the police. This forms the basis for a preliminary assessment of the impact of the nature of public event on police response, and for developing of statistical model for explaining the event response dynamics.Less

Statistical Model of Relationship between Public Event and Police Response

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

The response of police to public events is both systems based and designed to meet the demands of individual events. At the organizational level the response is through the macro organizational ... More

The response of police to public events is both systems based and designed to meet the demands of individual events. At the organizational level the response is through the macro organizational structure and through variation in deployment of personnel on a day to day basis. At the individual event level, the response varies in degrees of intervention by police, levels of force used, and the manner of mobilization of the law. This chapter studies the characteristics of public events and looks at different models whereby the relationships between the variables reflecting the characteristics of the event and the dependent variables of police response of decision of intervention, use of force, registration of crime case, and arrest of persons involved are examined. Using multivariate analyses, it attempts at developing a statistical model of relationship between public events and police response.Less

Public Events, Police Response, and Democratic Discourse

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This chapter sums up the conclusions drawn from the qualitative and quantitative analyses undertaken in the earlier chapters in the book and places them in the context of democracy in India. Public ... More

This chapter sums up the conclusions drawn from the qualitative and quantitative analyses undertaken in the earlier chapters in the book and places them in the context of democracy in India. Public discourse in democratic societies is marked by the tension between the rights of individuals to form associations and express themselves, and the need for public order. This chapter underlines the maladies in the events occurring in the public space in India, and its impact on the social and political discourse in modern India.Less

Introduction

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This introductory chapter provides the reader with an overview of public events that could range from religious gatherings to political rallies to civil protests. Defining such events as indicators ... More

This introductory chapter provides the reader with an overview of public events that could range from religious gatherings to political rallies to civil protests. Defining such events as indicators of the character of society and polity, the chapter briefly discusses the police response to such events. It explains how the police response to a public event may vary depending on the nature of the public event and that such a response involves various stages of decision-making. From introducing the reader to the main theme of the book, this chapter moves on to provide a synopsis of the aspects covered by each chapter.Less

Theories on Public Events

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This chapter addresses various aspects of public events, disorder, and police response. It discusses in detail the characteristics of public events before moving on to focus on public events in the ... More

This chapter addresses various aspects of public events, disorder, and police response. It discusses in detail the characteristics of public events before moving on to focus on public events in the Indian context. Examining public disorder events ranging from simple individual level acts such as drunken disorderly conduct to group level disorders such as public protest marches and rallies, student unrest, political conflicts, mass public disorder, strikes, and communal disorder, it analyses the police function of order maintenance. This chapter also examines the extant literature on ethnic or communal conflict in India, and forms the basis for analysis of communal violence in the city.Less

A Holistic Model of Event Characteristics and Police Response

T.K. Vinod Kumar

in Public Events and Police Response: Understanding Public Order Policing in Democratic India

This chapter clearly underlines the strong relationship between the characteristics of the event and police response. Characteristics of the event such as type, structure, severity of violence, prior ... More

This chapter clearly underlines the strong relationship between the characteristics of the event and police response. Characteristics of the event such as type, structure, severity of violence, prior awareness of the event, and injury to police personnel have an impact on the nature of response of the police. As the relationship between the characteristics of the event and police response is in itself a dynamic process, limited in time and space, there is a need to estimate multiple and interrelated dependence relationship between the variables simultaneously. This is done through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), a method that takes into account simultaneous multiple relationships.Less

Women in Ministry

Larry A. Witham

in Who Shall Lead Them?: The Future of Ministry in America

This chapter examines the entry of women into the clergy in the United States. The first ordination of women to the priesthood was conducted by three rebel Episcopal bishops at the Church of the ... More

This chapter examines the entry of women into the clergy in the United States. The first ordination of women to the priesthood was conducted by three rebel Episcopal bishops at the Church of the Advocate in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in July 1974. During the following three decades female ordinations dramatically increased, some of these were highly public events and others were small and quiet, creating an overall sensation of a gradual change. Though there were episodes that stole the headlines, the more gradual and more conventional process of expanding the female ministerial ranks has been the rule.Less

Transits of Venus: Ceremonies and Ontested Public Space

in Coyote Nation: Sexuality, Race, and Conquest in Modernizing New Mexico, 1880-1920

This chapter examines the bodily comportment in ceremonies and public events in New Mexico. It explained how Anglo newspapers simultaneously racialized the bodily comportment of Indians and ... More

This chapter examines the bodily comportment in ceremonies and public events in New Mexico. It explained how Anglo newspapers simultaneously racialized the bodily comportment of Indians and Penitentes while at the same time announcing with considerable respect the ceremonies of elite Hispanos. But newspaper coverage of public ceremonies and festivals were not the only spaces where elite Hispanos exerted great power and influence in New Mexico. The chapter demonstrates the way in which racialization efforts in the newspapers of New Mexico depicted Indians, some Hispanos like Penitentes, and African Americans as corporeally disordered and unfit for citizenship, while both celebrating Anglo ceremonies such as Memorial Day parades and treating the public events involving Hispano elites with respect and even admiration.Less

The 1969 Convention

Marina Sharpe

in The Regional Law of Refugee Protection in Africa

Chapter 3 first addresses the regional refugee definition according to the 1969 Convention , beginning with a description of article I(2)’s international influence and an interpretation of the ... More

Chapter 3 first addresses the regional refugee definition according to the 1969 Convention , beginning with a description of article I(2)’s international influence and an interpretation of the definition using orthodox methods. The context and object and purpose of the 1969 Convention are discussed, followed by analysis of the ‘every person’ term and each of the 1969 Events and the test for refugee status under article I(2), including a discussion of internal flight alternative, ongoing risk, and sur place claims. Section B then addresses how article I(2) has been invoked in practice. Section B also addresses prima facie refugee status determination. Section C covers further key features of the 1969 Convention: whether it advances an individual right to asylum; non-refoulement; the formalization of responsibility sharing, temporary protection, and voluntary repatriation; and the Convention’s prohibition of subversive activities. Section D concludes.Less

Peace and Conflict Resolution Organisations: Catalysts for Peace?

İ. Aytaç Kadıoğlu

in Peace Processes in Northern Ireland and Turkey: Rethinking Conflict Resolution

This chapter investigates unofficial peace initiatives that were undertaken from the early stages of both conflicts by peace and conflict resolution organisations. The existing literature has long ... More

This chapter investigates unofficial peace initiatives that were undertaken from the early stages of both conflicts by peace and conflict resolution organisations. The existing literature has long recognised the influence of these groups at the community level, especially in the area of reconciliation. However, the impact of these track-two initiatives on the elite level of conflict resolution has been neglected particularly in situations where they may push political elites towards political reforms and a non-violent resolution, as well as forwarding the demands of conflicting communities to decision makers. This chapter intends to reveal the P/CROs’ contribution to peace processes in this broader sense by comparing the relevant groups in Northern Ireland and Turkey. Regarding middle-range efforts, P/CROs aim to close the gap between the elite and grassroots levels through public events, conferences and marches, which helps to include a war-affected society’s demand for political decisions and the promotion of political resolution attempts. Regarding elite-level efforts, they play a role in political decisions thanks to their personal contacts with political elites. It assesses whether these groups have reduced the tension in the society and have encouraged political efforts in Northern Ireland and Turkey.Less

Editing the Nation: How Radio Engineers Encode Israeli National Imaginaries

Danny Kaplan

in Radio Fields: Anthropology and Wireless Sound in the 21st Century

This chapter explores music-editing practices in Israeli radio, with particular emphasis on how radio engineers encode national imaginaries. Drawing on an ethnographic study of Israeli public and ... More

This chapter explores music-editing practices in Israeli radio, with particular emphasis on how radio engineers encode national imaginaries. Drawing on an ethnographic study of Israeli public and commercial–regional radio during a decade of privatization reforms, it considers how radio sound is self-consciously “crossed” in editing practices with shared public events. Such crosses are used by radio stations across Israel within their broadcasts to intentionally shift “the national mood” by evoking well-rehearsed narratives of nation and self. By deciding not only which songs to play but also how to link them with concurrent public events, music editors transform into engineers of the collective mood. This chapter underscores the role of radio engineering as “a bottom-up practice of nation-making” in Israel.Less

Introduction

Afsar Mohammad

in The Festival of Pīrs: Popular Islam and Shared Devotion in South India

In this section, to explain these two processes two key terms are used—localized Islam and local Islam—the former as a relatively fixed structure that upholds the normative Islam and the latter as a ... More

In this section, to explain these two processes two key terms are used—localized Islam and local Islam—the former as a relatively fixed structure that upholds the normative Islam and the latter as a non-fixed pattern that privileges a variation of a local and living Islamic practice.Less

Irresolute Blackness: Struggles and Maneuvers over the Representation of Community

Isar P. Godreau

in Scripts of Blackness: Race, Cultural Nationalism, and U.S. Colonialism in Puerto Rico

This chapter examines how the showcasing of black folklore in San Antón requires work and ideological maneuvering. Dynamics of representation of “community” varied a great deal depending on whether ... More

This chapter examines how the showcasing of black folklore in San Antón requires work and ideological maneuvering. Dynamics of representation of “community” varied a great deal depending on whether such public events were organized for residents or for a broader national audience. Local events such as Christmas dinners, Mother's Day celebrations, and Father's Day celebrations were mostly organized around religious activities, family oriented or preestablished holidays. In contrast, public events targeted to an outside audience centered on Afro-Puerto Rican or Afro-Antillean music and predominantly bomba and plena. The chapter then illustrates that far from being “in the blood” or neutral and carefree or an externally motivated process, the marking and celebration of San Antón as place of black folklore is driven by the community itself in a way that requires a great deal of work and the assertive leadership of community members from within.Less

The Importance of Being English: English Ethnic Culture in Montreal, c.1800–1864

Gillian I. Leitch

in Locating the English Diaspora, 1500-2010

This chapter examines English ethnic culture in Montreal during the period from 1800 to 1864, focusing not only on commemorations and ethnic festivals but also on sporting activities that helped ... More

This chapter examines English ethnic culture in Montreal during the period from 1800 to 1864, focusing not only on commemorations and ethnic festivals but also on sporting activities that helped bring immigrants together. It describes how Montreal's English population utilised public events to display their Englishness for the purpose of expressing shared roots and suggests that Saint George's Day celebration a direct response to the ethnic composition of Montreal drawn upon by English migrants in the face of an increasingly vocal French population. This chapter also considers how the emerging expressions of Englishness served to cement community ties in a city with a large proportion of French–speaking Canadians.Less

Airing Dirty Laundry

in The Money Shot: Trash, Class, and the Making of TV Talk Shows

This book is an ethnographic account of experience “behind the scenes” at two nationally televised daytime talk shows produced in the United States. It is also an account of how daytime talk shows ... More

This book is an ethnographic account of experience “behind the scenes” at two nationally televised daytime talk shows produced in the United States. It is also an account of how daytime talk shows both challenge and reinscribe long-standing hierarchies between “high” and “low” culture, expert and ordinary knowledge, and the ways in which these hierarchies are related to social—especially class—inequality. A close cousin of “reality television,” daytime talk shows typically feature a host, a panel of “ordinary” guests, and a participatory studio audience. Traditionally geared toward women, talk shows cover a wide range of topics, from sexual abuse, weight loss, and interracial adoption to gay parenting, marital infidelity, and prostitution. They take the backstage of everyday life and put it up front, onstage, making public events of personal experience. And, despite the fact that talk shows routinely incorporate experts as well as the occasional celebrity guest, “ordinary people” are the real stars and experts of the show.Less

Introduction: Bndies on Borders

in Coyote Nation: Sexuality, Race, and Conquest in Modernizing New Mexico, 1880-1920

This book fleshes out various aspects of the imposition of an embodied social order in New Mexico. One of the most familiar images associated with New Mexico is the howling coyote. New Mexico has a ... More

This book fleshes out various aspects of the imposition of an embodied social order in New Mexico. One of the most familiar images associated with New Mexico is the howling coyote. New Mexico has a long history of coyotes who are far rangier and wilier than the reassuring tourist image would suggest. Currently, the term is used to describe the guides who—honorably or not—smuggle clients into the United States from Mexico. The book describes New Mexican Indian schools where Anglo educators sought to train students in the bodily requirements of citizenship and presents an examination of bodily comportment in ceremonies and public events in New Mexico. Thus, this survey of New Mexico offers readers a sense of the dreads and delights lurking in the wind, howling beneath the stars, and clouding the sunsets of the Land of Enchantment.Less