Norma Van Surdam Graham
- Published in print:
- 1989
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195051544
- eISBN:
- 9780199872183
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195051544.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
From the light that falls on the retina, the visual system must extract meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage in this process, it analyzes the incoming ...
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From the light that falls on the retina, the visual system must extract meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage in this process, it analyzes the incoming sensory data along many dimensions of pattern vision. This book describes the current knowledge about this stage of visual processing, focusing both on psychophysical experiments measuring the detection and identification of near-threshold patterns and on the mathematical models used to draw inferences from such experimental results. Neurophysiological evidence is presented and compared critically to the psychophysical evidence. Orientation, spatial frequency, direction of motion, and eye of origin are among the many dimensions of spatiotemporal pattern vision for which experimental results and mathematical models are reviewed. Introductory material on psychophysical methods, signal detection theory, and the mathematics of Fourier analysis is also given. The preface gives a guide to the organization of the book and to what parts of the book can be read independently of one another. The last two chapters contain lists of references organized by dimensions of pattern vision. An appendix at the end of the book lists the assumptions used in the models both in order of appearance and in groups according to function.Less
From the light that falls on the retina, the visual system must extract meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage in this process, it analyzes the incoming sensory data along many dimensions of pattern vision. This book describes the current knowledge about this stage of visual processing, focusing both on psychophysical experiments measuring the detection and identification of near-threshold patterns and on the mathematical models used to draw inferences from such experimental results. Neurophysiological evidence is presented and compared critically to the psychophysical evidence. Orientation, spatial frequency, direction of motion, and eye of origin are among the many dimensions of spatiotemporal pattern vision for which experimental results and mathematical models are reviewed. Introductory material on psychophysical methods, signal detection theory, and the mathematics of Fourier analysis is also given. The preface gives a guide to the organization of the book and to what parts of the book can be read independently of one another. The last two chapters contain lists of references organized by dimensions of pattern vision. An appendix at the end of the book lists the assumptions used in the models both in order of appearance and in groups according to function.
Otto-Joachim Grüsser, Wolfgang Guldin, Lawrence Harris, Johann-Christoph Lefèbre, and Max Pause
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195068207
- eISBN:
- 9780199847198
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195068207.003.0079
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Sensory and Motor Systems
The contribution of multimodal signals to the perception of head movements is discussed in this chapter. The experimental methods and the anatomic connections of the parieto-insular vestibular cortex ...
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The contribution of multimodal signals to the perception of head movements is discussed in this chapter. The experimental methods and the anatomic connections of the parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PVIC) in primates are presented here, as well as the description of the responses of single nerve cells in the PIVC to visual, vestibular, and somatosensory stimulation. The second part of this chapter contains a discussion of the latest psychophysical experiments performed in the laboratory with results that indicate the functional involvement of the PVIC beyond vection by optokinetic stimulation. It is concluded that the neurophysiological experiments performed provided strong evidence for the existence of a complex cortical neuronal network in the primate monitoring of the rotary movements of the head in space.Less
The contribution of multimodal signals to the perception of head movements is discussed in this chapter. The experimental methods and the anatomic connections of the parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PVIC) in primates are presented here, as well as the description of the responses of single nerve cells in the PIVC to visual, vestibular, and somatosensory stimulation. The second part of this chapter contains a discussion of the latest psychophysical experiments performed in the laboratory with results that indicate the functional involvement of the PVIC beyond vection by optokinetic stimulation. It is concluded that the neurophysiological experiments performed provided strong evidence for the existence of a complex cortical neuronal network in the primate monitoring of the rotary movements of the head in space.
Boynton Robert M.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262518420
- eISBN:
- 9780262314213
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262518420.003.0037
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Research and Theory
This chapter presents three psychophysical experiments involving temporal relations in vision. The first shows that, even with improved experimental technique, high-intensity short flashes can indeed ...
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This chapter presents three psychophysical experiments involving temporal relations in vision. The first shows that, even with improved experimental technique, high-intensity short flashes can indeed look brighter than longer flashes of the same intensity, thus indicating that the classical Broca-Sulzer effect is not an artifact. The second experiment was a study of the transitional fraction of a second between dark adaptation and the beginning of light adaptation, using the conditioning-stimulus-test-flash technique. The third experiment concerns the successful measurement of test-flash thresholds in the presence of a 30-cps flickering stimulus. Each of these experiments raises a number of questions regarding the neurophysiological organization, function, and interactions of the visual systems serving the two eyes. A common unifying principle is the idea of temporal quantization of the visual input by the higher visual nervous system.Less
This chapter presents three psychophysical experiments involving temporal relations in vision. The first shows that, even with improved experimental technique, high-intensity short flashes can indeed look brighter than longer flashes of the same intensity, thus indicating that the classical Broca-Sulzer effect is not an artifact. The second experiment was a study of the transitional fraction of a second between dark adaptation and the beginning of light adaptation, using the conditioning-stimulus-test-flash technique. The third experiment concerns the successful measurement of test-flash thresholds in the presence of a 30-cps flickering stimulus. Each of these experiments raises a number of questions regarding the neurophysiological organization, function, and interactions of the visual systems serving the two eyes. A common unifying principle is the idea of temporal quantization of the visual input by the higher visual nervous system.
Cristóbal Curio, Martin A. Giese, Martin Breidt, Mario Kleiner, and Heinrich H. Bülthoff
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262014533
- eISBN:
- 9780262289313
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262014533.003.0005
- Subject:
- Psychology, Vision
This chapter presents a psychophysical experiment in which 3D computer graphic methods were used to generate close-to-reality facial expressions to examine aspects of recognizing dynamic facial ...
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This chapter presents a psychophysical experiment in which 3D computer graphic methods were used to generate close-to-reality facial expressions to examine aspects of recognizing dynamic facial expressions in humans. The study shows that high-level aftereffects similar to those shown earlier for static faces are produced by dynamic faces. The findings indicate that the aftereffects, which are consistent for adaptation with dynamic anti-expressions, are highly expression-specific. The chapter also highlights how computer graphics-generated expressions can be used in order to rule out low-level motion aftereffects. Dynamic face stimuli were created by using a three-dimensional face model that is based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS).Less
This chapter presents a psychophysical experiment in which 3D computer graphic methods were used to generate close-to-reality facial expressions to examine aspects of recognizing dynamic facial expressions in humans. The study shows that high-level aftereffects similar to those shown earlier for static faces are produced by dynamic faces. The findings indicate that the aftereffects, which are consistent for adaptation with dynamic anti-expressions, are highly expression-specific. The chapter also highlights how computer graphics-generated expressions can be used in order to rule out low-level motion aftereffects. Dynamic face stimuli were created by using a three-dimensional face model that is based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS).
