Andrea Bianchi
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199844845
- eISBN:
- 9780199933501
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199844845.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
Around 1970, an uprising against Frege’s doctrines was initiated by “the quartet”: Keith Donnellan, Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam, and David Kaplan. Indeed “the quartet engendered a set of ideas...that ...
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Around 1970, an uprising against Frege’s doctrines was initiated by “the quartet”: Keith Donnellan, Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam, and David Kaplan. Indeed “the quartet engendered a set of ideas...that is often called ‘Millian’ or ‘direct reference’ semantics.” As a result, a new tradition in philosophy was established, called “American referential realism.” This chapter suggests that two different models of the functioning of natural language are at work within American referential realism: the psychological model of the functioning of language and the social model of the functioning of language. The chapter outlines some of the basic features of these models.Less
Around 1970, an uprising against Frege’s doctrines was initiated by “the quartet”: Keith Donnellan, Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam, and David Kaplan. Indeed “the quartet engendered a set of ideas...that is often called ‘Millian’ or ‘direct reference’ semantics.” As a result, a new tradition in philosophy was established, called “American referential realism.” This chapter suggests that two different models of the functioning of natural language are at work within American referential realism: the psychological model of the functioning of language and the social model of the functioning of language. The chapter outlines some of the basic features of these models.
Paul W. Glimcher
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199744251
- eISBN:
- 9780199863433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199744251.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Neuropsychology
This chapter develops the first of several linkages between economics, psychology, and neuroscience. First, it provides an overview of classical psychophysics. Second, it demonstrates that the ...
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This chapter develops the first of several linkages between economics, psychology, and neuroscience. First, it provides an overview of classical psychophysics. Second, it demonstrates that the mathematically described relationship between stimulus and percept can be mapped fairly directly to neurobiological models of sensory transduction. It provides examples of pre-existing conceptual reductions between psychology and neuroscience. Finally, it shows that one of these fully linked neurobiology-to-psychology concept groups can be relevant to economics. The chapter concludes by arguing that economic models of the random utility of directly consumable rewards are, in their present form, reducible to psychological models of percept and thence to neurobiological models of biochemical transduction.Less
This chapter develops the first of several linkages between economics, psychology, and neuroscience. First, it provides an overview of classical psychophysics. Second, it demonstrates that the mathematically described relationship between stimulus and percept can be mapped fairly directly to neurobiological models of sensory transduction. It provides examples of pre-existing conceptual reductions between psychology and neuroscience. Finally, it shows that one of these fully linked neurobiology-to-psychology concept groups can be relevant to economics. The chapter concludes by arguing that economic models of the random utility of directly consumable rewards are, in their present form, reducible to psychological models of percept and thence to neurobiological models of biochemical transduction.
Barry M. Wagner
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300112504
- eISBN:
- 9780300156362
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300112504.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter examines theoretical models of suicide and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. The models of suicidal behavior include sociological, psychological, biological, family, and biopsychosocial ...
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This chapter examines theoretical models of suicide and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. The models of suicidal behavior include sociological, psychological, biological, family, and biopsychosocial models. Sociological models are categorized into egoistic, altruistic, anomic, and fatalistic suicides. Psychological models include psychodynamic, cognitive, social learning, and psychological and interpersonal models. The chapter also discusses the developmental theories that are applicable for constructing models of suicidal processes.Less
This chapter examines theoretical models of suicide and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. The models of suicidal behavior include sociological, psychological, biological, family, and biopsychosocial models. Sociological models are categorized into egoistic, altruistic, anomic, and fatalistic suicides. Psychological models include psychodynamic, cognitive, social learning, and psychological and interpersonal models. The chapter also discusses the developmental theories that are applicable for constructing models of suicidal processes.
Jean-Francois Pradeau
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780859896535
- eISBN:
- 9781781380666
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780859896535.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This is a general introduction to Plato's political thought. It covers the main periods of Platonic thought, examining those dialogues that best show how Plato makes the city's unity the aim of ...
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This is a general introduction to Plato's political thought. It covers the main periods of Platonic thought, examining those dialogues that best show how Plato makes the city's unity the aim of politics and then makes the quest for that unity the aim of philosophy. From the psychological model (the city is like a great soul) to the physiological definition (the city is a living being), the reader can traverse the whole of Plato's oeuvre, and understand it as a political philosophy. The book is designed to be an undergraduate textbook but will also be of interest to scholars. It is an English translation of Platon et la cité, published in French by Presses Universitaires de France in 1997 as part of the series Philosophies, and offers English-speaking readers access to a more unifying continental European reading of Plato than is common in UK or North American scholarship.Less
This is a general introduction to Plato's political thought. It covers the main periods of Platonic thought, examining those dialogues that best show how Plato makes the city's unity the aim of politics and then makes the quest for that unity the aim of philosophy. From the psychological model (the city is like a great soul) to the physiological definition (the city is a living being), the reader can traverse the whole of Plato's oeuvre, and understand it as a political philosophy. The book is designed to be an undergraduate textbook but will also be of interest to scholars. It is an English translation of Platon et la cité, published in French by Presses Universitaires de France in 1997 as part of the series Philosophies, and offers English-speaking readers access to a more unifying continental European reading of Plato than is common in UK or North American scholarship.
Caroline L. Lassen-Greene, James C. Jackson, and Carla M. Sevin
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- November 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780190077013
- eISBN:
- 9780197604199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190077013.003.0013
- Subject:
- Psychology, Neuropsychology
There is consensus that being critically ill contributes to the development of both new and worsening cognitive and psychological difficulties that impact functioning across multiple domains, ...
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There is consensus that being critically ill contributes to the development of both new and worsening cognitive and psychological difficulties that impact functioning across multiple domains, including educational, social, and employment settings. Psychologists have become more aware of the scope and magnitude of these problems in recent years and are increasingly engaged in the provision of clinical services to this underserved medical cohort, both as individual providers and as key members of interdisciplinary teams. This chapter reviews key issues related to the needs of ICU survivors with postintensive care syndrome, discusses current outpatient treatment models, and offers a series of suggestions to help optimize the cognitive, mental, and functional health and quality of life of individuals after critical illness.Less
There is consensus that being critically ill contributes to the development of both new and worsening cognitive and psychological difficulties that impact functioning across multiple domains, including educational, social, and employment settings. Psychologists have become more aware of the scope and magnitude of these problems in recent years and are increasingly engaged in the provision of clinical services to this underserved medical cohort, both as individual providers and as key members of interdisciplinary teams. This chapter reviews key issues related to the needs of ICU survivors with postintensive care syndrome, discusses current outpatient treatment models, and offers a series of suggestions to help optimize the cognitive, mental, and functional health and quality of life of individuals after critical illness.
David V. Barrett
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199861514
- eISBN:
- 9780199979943
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199861514.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The first of the three theoretical chapters begins with an analysis based on Weber first of Armstrong’s authority as God’s Apostle for the End Times, then of how his successor Joseph Tkach used his ...
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The first of the three theoretical chapters begins with an analysis based on Weber first of Armstrong’s authority as God’s Apostle for the End Times, then of how his successor Joseph Tkach used his inherited authority to change Worldwide. It also examines the importance of governance in the Churches, how leaders of the offshoots variously legitimate their authority, and how members view the use and abuse of authority in both the historical Worldwide and the offshoot Churches. Finally it applies two very different psychological models of gurus to Herbert W. Armstrong.Less
The first of the three theoretical chapters begins with an analysis based on Weber first of Armstrong’s authority as God’s Apostle for the End Times, then of how his successor Joseph Tkach used his inherited authority to change Worldwide. It also examines the importance of governance in the Churches, how leaders of the offshoots variously legitimate their authority, and how members view the use and abuse of authority in both the historical Worldwide and the offshoot Churches. Finally it applies two very different psychological models of gurus to Herbert W. Armstrong.
