Albert O. Hirschman
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159904
- eISBN:
- 9781400848409
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159904.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as ...
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This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as social scientists and policy makers should not confuse circumstantial setbacks with failure in development, rising intolerance for inequality need not be seen as a sign of a crisis of capitalism, or of having to choose between growth or equality. Psychological effects, like the “tunnel effect,” are highly contingent, and one has to understand them carefully before jumping to big conclusions. After all, a strong tunnel effect, by making social injustice more visible, can have positive repercussions.Less
This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as social scientists and policy makers should not confuse circumstantial setbacks with failure in development, rising intolerance for inequality need not be seen as a sign of a crisis of capitalism, or of having to choose between growth or equality. Psychological effects, like the “tunnel effect,” are highly contingent, and one has to understand them carefully before jumping to big conclusions. After all, a strong tunnel effect, by making social injustice more visible, can have positive repercussions.
Daniel Bar-Tal and Izhak Schnell (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199862184
- eISBN:
- 9780199979950
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199862184.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
The present book engages with the phenomenon of protracted occupation, which it perceives as both attention-grabbing and puzzling in the 21st century, an era in which it has become an exceptional and ...
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The present book engages with the phenomenon of protracted occupation, which it perceives as both attention-grabbing and puzzling in the 21st century, an era in which it has become an exceptional and very rare phenomenon. The analysis begins with a view which suggests that occupation, by its very nature, has in most cases acquired a negative connotation because in the great majority of cases it is carried out coercively, against the will of the occupied population. In the discourse on this phenomenon, therefore, the focus of the interest is frequently on the occupied society, became it bears the very heavy tangible and intangible burdens of the occupation. Indeed there is growing literature on this issue. It is consequently requisite upon us also to analyze the relatively neglected effects of the occupation on the occupying society, effects that are not always explicit and easily observed. The present book focuses on a particular case of prolonged occupation – that of the West Bank and Gaza Strip by Israel following the Six Day War in 1967. Of importance for us is the fact that since 1967 Israel has been occupying Palestinian territories and the Palestinian population has been living for over four decades under this occupation. We focus on the relative gap in the interactive analysis in the context of occupation – the effects of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip and of the Palestinian people, on the State of Israel and its society. The consequences of the occupation are felt in wide range of aspects of life from political, societal, legal and economic to cultural and psychological.Less
The present book engages with the phenomenon of protracted occupation, which it perceives as both attention-grabbing and puzzling in the 21st century, an era in which it has become an exceptional and very rare phenomenon. The analysis begins with a view which suggests that occupation, by its very nature, has in most cases acquired a negative connotation because in the great majority of cases it is carried out coercively, against the will of the occupied population. In the discourse on this phenomenon, therefore, the focus of the interest is frequently on the occupied society, became it bears the very heavy tangible and intangible burdens of the occupation. Indeed there is growing literature on this issue. It is consequently requisite upon us also to analyze the relatively neglected effects of the occupation on the occupying society, effects that are not always explicit and easily observed. The present book focuses on a particular case of prolonged occupation – that of the West Bank and Gaza Strip by Israel following the Six Day War in 1967. Of importance for us is the fact that since 1967 Israel has been occupying Palestinian territories and the Palestinian population has been living for over four decades under this occupation. We focus on the relative gap in the interactive analysis in the context of occupation – the effects of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip and of the Palestinian people, on the State of Israel and its society. The consequences of the occupation are felt in wide range of aspects of life from political, societal, legal and economic to cultural and psychological.
Phillip S. Meilinger
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780813178899
- eISBN:
- 9780813178905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813178899.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The use of time, or timing, in war has always been of crucial importance—great commanders have understood the critical nature of time on the battlefield. It fits here by reflecting a major factor in ...
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The use of time, or timing, in war has always been of crucial importance—great commanders have understood the critical nature of time on the battlefield. It fits here by reflecting a major factor in war that has long been recognized but seldom achieved. The notion of how to telescope time was a quest for greater speed and of achieving physical and psychological surprise and shock. In modern terms, these were force multipliers. It also appears that conquering time is best suited to the rapidity, flexibility, and omniscience of air and space power, and therefore leads to the future of war. Given are several battles throughout history, both on land and in the air, that illustrate the critical nature of time.Less
The use of time, or timing, in war has always been of crucial importance—great commanders have understood the critical nature of time on the battlefield. It fits here by reflecting a major factor in war that has long been recognized but seldom achieved. The notion of how to telescope time was a quest for greater speed and of achieving physical and psychological surprise and shock. In modern terms, these were force multipliers. It also appears that conquering time is best suited to the rapidity, flexibility, and omniscience of air and space power, and therefore leads to the future of war. Given are several battles throughout history, both on land and in the air, that illustrate the critical nature of time.
Sowande' M. Mustakeem
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040559
- eISBN:
- 9780252098994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040559.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter examines suicide as a way for female and male slaves to direct their personal struggles with alienation and mistreatment toward their own bodies. It looks at three critical factors—the ...
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This chapter examines suicide as a way for female and male slaves to direct their personal struggles with alienation and mistreatment toward their own bodies. It looks at three critical factors—the psyche, the body, and space—to argue that central to understanding enslaved suicide are the spatial arenas through which bondpeople asserted power amid attempts to escape slavery. It also widens the conversation of humans and the sea by introducing slave ship runaways and reveals how self-sabotage operated in the social spaces of ships and the sea. By focusing on how bondpeople coped with the shock of enslavement as agonizing personal choices were made on life or death, this chapter reinforces the view of the unbearable psychological effects of slavery at sea.Less
This chapter examines suicide as a way for female and male slaves to direct their personal struggles with alienation and mistreatment toward their own bodies. It looks at three critical factors—the psyche, the body, and space—to argue that central to understanding enslaved suicide are the spatial arenas through which bondpeople asserted power amid attempts to escape slavery. It also widens the conversation of humans and the sea by introducing slave ship runaways and reveals how self-sabotage operated in the social spaces of ships and the sea. By focusing on how bondpeople coped with the shock of enslavement as agonizing personal choices were made on life or death, this chapter reinforces the view of the unbearable psychological effects of slavery at sea.
Melissa S. Dale
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9789888455751
- eISBN:
- 9789888455607
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888455751.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter examines how emasculation affected eunuchs both physically and psychologically. As will be seen, despite common knowledge regarding what made one a eunuch, very little appears in the ...
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This chapter examines how emasculation affected eunuchs both physically and psychologically. As will be seen, despite common knowledge regarding what made one a eunuch, very little appears in the historical record about what this looked like. Emasculation physically marked the eunuch body and caused society to read it as different. How the body was read, though, depended upon who was reading it (Han Chinese, the Manchu imperial court, Westerners, or eunuchs themselves). While genital mutilation was intended to subjugate and neuter Chinese men, in reality emasculation rendered eunuchs “sexually and politically charged.” Representing a nexus of gender and political power, eunuchs provide unique insight into late imperial views towards masculinity and political power during the Qing.Less
This chapter examines how emasculation affected eunuchs both physically and psychologically. As will be seen, despite common knowledge regarding what made one a eunuch, very little appears in the historical record about what this looked like. Emasculation physically marked the eunuch body and caused society to read it as different. How the body was read, though, depended upon who was reading it (Han Chinese, the Manchu imperial court, Westerners, or eunuchs themselves). While genital mutilation was intended to subjugate and neuter Chinese men, in reality emasculation rendered eunuchs “sexually and politically charged.” Representing a nexus of gender and political power, eunuchs provide unique insight into late imperial views towards masculinity and political power during the Qing.
Andrew deWaard and R. Colin Tait
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231165518
- eISBN:
- 9780231850391
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231165518.003.0006
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter explores issues of temporal, psychological, and societal traumas as they are rendered bare onscreen in Solaris (2002) and its ‘psychoanalytic detective’. Solaris conceptualises the ...
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This chapter explores issues of temporal, psychological, and societal traumas as they are rendered bare onscreen in Solaris (2002) and its ‘psychoanalytic detective’. Solaris conceptualises the process of memory details and negotiation of personal histories in not only immersing the spectator in the character's memories, but in allowing the characters to actually interact directly with these recollections, as a result of the planet Solaris' psychological effects on the inhabitants of the orbiting space station. In effect, both the protagonist and the viewer are required to return to the scene of the psychoanalytic crime. Solaris is one of the first Hollywood films to negotiate the larger trauma of 9/11 within a diffused cultural space. As a post-9/11 film, Solaris' story of an individual coming to terms with trauma provides an opening to view the larger issues of a society, particularly as it copes with the open wound of a traumatic event.Less
This chapter explores issues of temporal, psychological, and societal traumas as they are rendered bare onscreen in Solaris (2002) and its ‘psychoanalytic detective’. Solaris conceptualises the process of memory details and negotiation of personal histories in not only immersing the spectator in the character's memories, but in allowing the characters to actually interact directly with these recollections, as a result of the planet Solaris' psychological effects on the inhabitants of the orbiting space station. In effect, both the protagonist and the viewer are required to return to the scene of the psychoanalytic crime. Solaris is one of the first Hollywood films to negotiate the larger trauma of 9/11 within a diffused cultural space. As a post-9/11 film, Solaris' story of an individual coming to terms with trauma provides an opening to view the larger issues of a society, particularly as it copes with the open wound of a traumatic event.
Paul D. Escott
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813175355
- eISBN:
- 9780813175683
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813175355.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
This chapter deals with environmental approaches to studying the Civil War era. It discusses how the environment affected the war and how human beings and their warfare changed the land. Considering ...
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This chapter deals with environmental approaches to studying the Civil War era. It discusses how the environment affected the war and how human beings and their warfare changed the land. Considering the environment as a set of relationships between the physical world and many types of human activity broadens the focus to include economic, psychological, and gender-related results and interactions with the environment.Less
This chapter deals with environmental approaches to studying the Civil War era. It discusses how the environment affected the war and how human beings and their warfare changed the land. Considering the environment as a set of relationships between the physical world and many types of human activity broadens the focus to include economic, psychological, and gender-related results and interactions with the environment.
Roger H. Stuewer
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198827870
- eISBN:
- 9780191866586
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198827870.003.0004
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics, Nuclear and Plasma Physics
The intense Cambridge–Vienna controversy, which was carried out in the literature and in private correspondence, lasted six years. It was resolved in December 1928, when Chadwick visited Meyer’s ...
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The intense Cambridge–Vienna controversy, which was carried out in the literature and in private correspondence, lasted six years. It was resolved in December 1928, when Chadwick visited Meyer’s institute in Vienna and found that under Pettersson and Kirsch’s influence their women scintillation counters had fallen prey to a misleading psychological effect. That was never published in the literature, however, so outsiders could only sense that something had gone seriously wrong in Meyer’s institute, which greatly affected its scientific reputation. The major positive consequence of the controversy was that it encouraged the further development of electrical techniques for counting charged particles to replace human scintillation counters.Less
The intense Cambridge–Vienna controversy, which was carried out in the literature and in private correspondence, lasted six years. It was resolved in December 1928, when Chadwick visited Meyer’s institute in Vienna and found that under Pettersson and Kirsch’s influence their women scintillation counters had fallen prey to a misleading psychological effect. That was never published in the literature, however, so outsiders could only sense that something had gone seriously wrong in Meyer’s institute, which greatly affected its scientific reputation. The major positive consequence of the controversy was that it encouraged the further development of electrical techniques for counting charged particles to replace human scintillation counters.
