Charles Patrick Ewing
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195326130
- eISBN:
- 9780199893591
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195326130.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
The insanity defense is one of the oldest fixtures of the Anglo-American legal tradition. Though it is available to people charged with virtually any crime, and is often employed without controversy, ...
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The insanity defense is one of the oldest fixtures of the Anglo-American legal tradition. Though it is available to people charged with virtually any crime, and is often employed without controversy, homicide defendants who raise the insanity defense are often viewed by the public and even the legal system as trying to get away with murder. Often it seems that the legal result of an insanity defense is unpredictable, and is determined not by the defendant's mental state, but by their lawyers' and psychologists' influence. From the thousands of murder cases in which defendants have claimed insanity, Doctor Ewing has chosen ten of the most influential and widely varied. Some were successful in their insanity plea, while others were rejected. Some of the defendants remain household names years after the fact, like Jack Ruby, while others were never nationally publicized. Regardless of the circumstances, each case considered here was extremely controversial, hotly contested, and relied heavily on lengthy testimony by expert psychologists and psychiatrists. Several of them played a major role in shaping the criminal justice system as we know it today.Less
The insanity defense is one of the oldest fixtures of the Anglo-American legal tradition. Though it is available to people charged with virtually any crime, and is often employed without controversy, homicide defendants who raise the insanity defense are often viewed by the public and even the legal system as trying to get away with murder. Often it seems that the legal result of an insanity defense is unpredictable, and is determined not by the defendant's mental state, but by their lawyers' and psychologists' influence. From the thousands of murder cases in which defendants have claimed insanity, Doctor Ewing has chosen ten of the most influential and widely varied. Some were successful in their insanity plea, while others were rejected. Some of the defendants remain household names years after the fact, like Jack Ruby, while others were never nationally publicized. Regardless of the circumstances, each case considered here was extremely controversial, hotly contested, and relied heavily on lengthy testimony by expert psychologists and psychiatrists. Several of them played a major role in shaping the criminal justice system as we know it today.
Edward M. Hundert
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198248965
- eISBN:
- 9780191681165
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198248965.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This book proposes a unified view of the mind, which integrates the insights of philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists. Through a detailed discussion of major theories from all these, and ...
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This book proposes a unified view of the mind, which integrates the insights of philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists. Through a detailed discussion of major theories from all these, and related disciplines, the book reveals fundamental links between these previously unconnected approaches to human thought and experience. The book includes research from studying medicine, philosophy, mathematics, and history, and the authoor of this book is currently a practising psychiatrist and a teacher at the Harvard Medical School. The book discusses diverse fields of thought and the perspective given here should stimulate a re-evaluation of our traditional approaches to the mind.Less
This book proposes a unified view of the mind, which integrates the insights of philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists. Through a detailed discussion of major theories from all these, and related disciplines, the book reveals fundamental links between these previously unconnected approaches to human thought and experience. The book includes research from studying medicine, philosophy, mathematics, and history, and the authoor of this book is currently a practising psychiatrist and a teacher at the Harvard Medical School. The book discusses diverse fields of thought and the perspective given here should stimulate a re-evaluation of our traditional approaches to the mind.
Yucel Yanikdag
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780748665785
- eISBN:
- 9780748689262
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748665785.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This book investigates how Turkish nationalism was constructed by two closely related groups: Ottoman-Turkish prisoners of war in Russia and Egypt during the First World War, and Ottoman-Turkish ...
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This book investigates how Turkish nationalism was constructed by two closely related groups: Ottoman-Turkish prisoners of war in Russia and Egypt during the First World War, and Ottoman-Turkish psychiatrists who examined and diagnosed the prisoners following their post-war repatriation. The book first explores what the prisoners understood of nation, tradition, and Islam in the confines of prison camps as they attempted to identify the ills of their nation and empire. As the problems were identified and various solutions proposed, some of these views came to clash and sometimes converge. Second, turning to the doctors, it examines the role science played in the nation they wanted to build after the war. The prisoners’ and other soldiers’ shattered nerves became grounding points of profound social anxieties about the present and future of the Turkish nation. During the interwar years, when the military’s health was still taken to be a reflection of the nation’s health, the psychiatrists projected this worrisome picture, which they viewed as signs of national degeneration, onto the nation at large. Much like the officer prisoners in the camps discursively excluded the ignorant peasants from the nation, the psychiatrists wanted to reject those they deemed as a biological threat to the nation’s body. This book aims to broaden the discussion of nationalism to include both ideological and biological factors to consider how each influenced the other.Less
This book investigates how Turkish nationalism was constructed by two closely related groups: Ottoman-Turkish prisoners of war in Russia and Egypt during the First World War, and Ottoman-Turkish psychiatrists who examined and diagnosed the prisoners following their post-war repatriation. The book first explores what the prisoners understood of nation, tradition, and Islam in the confines of prison camps as they attempted to identify the ills of their nation and empire. As the problems were identified and various solutions proposed, some of these views came to clash and sometimes converge. Second, turning to the doctors, it examines the role science played in the nation they wanted to build after the war. The prisoners’ and other soldiers’ shattered nerves became grounding points of profound social anxieties about the present and future of the Turkish nation. During the interwar years, when the military’s health was still taken to be a reflection of the nation’s health, the psychiatrists projected this worrisome picture, which they viewed as signs of national degeneration, onto the nation at large. Much like the officer prisoners in the camps discursively excluded the ignorant peasants from the nation, the psychiatrists wanted to reject those they deemed as a biological threat to the nation’s body. This book aims to broaden the discussion of nationalism to include both ideological and biological factors to consider how each influenced the other.
Arnold Goldberg Goldberg
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226301204
- eISBN:
- 9780226301365
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226301365.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Ethical Issues and Debates
A psychiatrist writes a letter to a journal explaining his decision to marry a former patient. Another psychiatrist confides that most of his friends are ex-patients. Both practitioners felt they had ...
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A psychiatrist writes a letter to a journal explaining his decision to marry a former patient. Another psychiatrist confides that most of his friends are ex-patients. Both practitioners felt they had to defend their behavior, but the author of this book, a psychoanalyst, could not pinpoint the reason why. What was wrong about the analysts' actions? The author explores and explains that problem of “correct behavior.” He demonstrates that the inflated and official expectations that are part of an analyst's training—that therapists be universally curious, hopeful, kind, and purposeful, for example—are often of less help than simple empathy amid the ambiguous morality of actual patient interactions. Being a good therapist and being a good person, he argues, are not necessarily the same. Drawing on case studies from his own practice and from the experiences of others, as well as on philosophers such as John Dewey, the author breaks new ground and leads the way for therapists to understand the relationship between private morality and clinical practice.Less
A psychiatrist writes a letter to a journal explaining his decision to marry a former patient. Another psychiatrist confides that most of his friends are ex-patients. Both practitioners felt they had to defend their behavior, but the author of this book, a psychoanalyst, could not pinpoint the reason why. What was wrong about the analysts' actions? The author explores and explains that problem of “correct behavior.” He demonstrates that the inflated and official expectations that are part of an analyst's training—that therapists be universally curious, hopeful, kind, and purposeful, for example—are often of less help than simple empathy amid the ambiguous morality of actual patient interactions. Being a good therapist and being a good person, he argues, are not necessarily the same. Drawing on case studies from his own practice and from the experiences of others, as well as on philosophers such as John Dewey, the author breaks new ground and leads the way for therapists to understand the relationship between private morality and clinical practice.
Jennifer Radden
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195151657
- eISBN:
- 9780199849253
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195151657.003.0025
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter presents Emil Kraepelin's discussion of melancholy. Kraepelin is widely acknowledged to be the most influential psychiatrist of his time, his lasting legacy being his system of ...
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This chapter presents Emil Kraepelin's discussion of melancholy. Kraepelin is widely acknowledged to be the most influential psychiatrist of his time, his lasting legacy being his system of classifying mental diseases. Kraepelin's clinical descriptions and classification of mental diseases were published first in a Compendium (1883) and later in a Short Textbook; 1893 saw the fourth edition, 1896 the fifth, and 1899 the sixth, now in two volumes. The seventh edition came out in 1903–4, and by the eighth edition (1909–15) and the posthumous ninth edition published in 1927, the work was printed as four separate volumes. The passages from the eighth edition of the textbook (1909–15), included here, reflect part of Kraepelin's unique contribution to psychiatric classification: the broad division between dementia praecox or what we would today call schizophrenia, on the one hand, and manic-depressive insanity, or what today would usually be called mood or affective disorder, on the other.Less
This chapter presents Emil Kraepelin's discussion of melancholy. Kraepelin is widely acknowledged to be the most influential psychiatrist of his time, his lasting legacy being his system of classifying mental diseases. Kraepelin's clinical descriptions and classification of mental diseases were published first in a Compendium (1883) and later in a Short Textbook; 1893 saw the fourth edition, 1896 the fifth, and 1899 the sixth, now in two volumes. The seventh edition came out in 1903–4, and by the eighth edition (1909–15) and the posthumous ninth edition published in 1927, the work was printed as four separate volumes. The passages from the eighth edition of the textbook (1909–15), included here, reflect part of Kraepelin's unique contribution to psychiatric classification: the broad division between dementia praecox or what we would today call schizophrenia, on the one hand, and manic-depressive insanity, or what today would usually be called mood or affective disorder, on the other.
Anita Lightburn and Phebe Sessions (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195159226
- eISBN:
- 9780199893843
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159226.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health, Communities and Organizations
This volume builds the bridge between books on community practice and on clinical practice, including 33 chapters written by social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists, for clinicians making ...
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This volume builds the bridge between books on community practice and on clinical practice, including 33 chapters written by social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists, for clinicians making the transition to community-based work. This is the first handbook to address this gap and provide guidance for today's community practitioners. Its overarching goal is to support the ongoing development of community-based mental health care, drawing on practical examples. This collection outlines the history and philosophy of community practice, and also illustrates the state of the art, with examples from early intervention and development programs, school-based practice, and community mental health services for children, families, and adults.Less
This volume builds the bridge between books on community practice and on clinical practice, including 33 chapters written by social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists, for clinicians making the transition to community-based work. This is the first handbook to address this gap and provide guidance for today's community practitioners. Its overarching goal is to support the ongoing development of community-based mental health care, drawing on practical examples. This collection outlines the history and philosophy of community practice, and also illustrates the state of the art, with examples from early intervention and development programs, school-based practice, and community mental health services for children, families, and adults.
Ruth Harris
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202592
- eISBN:
- 9780191675430
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202592.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Further study of the documents of pre-trial investigation and courtroom reporting shows that the emergence of criminology was tied very much to the way in which professional men interpreted their ...
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Further study of the documents of pre-trial investigation and courtroom reporting shows that the emergence of criminology was tied very much to the way in which professional men interpreted their interaction with defendants. The defendant's manière de vivre, a technical term used in criminological discussion, was one which was readily accessible to lay observers in constructing a portrait of social dangerousness or, alternatively, confirming the absence of a ‘criminal personality’. French psychiatrists were obliged to present the intricacies of medical argument within a very specific judicial context which they frequently considered to be less than ideal. On the one hand, their aid was increasingly requested by legal personnel investigating criminal trials, particularly when capital crimes were involved. On the other, they remained mere adjuncts in a process governed by complex conventions of interrogation, investigation, and courtroom procedure over which they had little control.Less
Further study of the documents of pre-trial investigation and courtroom reporting shows that the emergence of criminology was tied very much to the way in which professional men interpreted their interaction with defendants. The defendant's manière de vivre, a technical term used in criminological discussion, was one which was readily accessible to lay observers in constructing a portrait of social dangerousness or, alternatively, confirming the absence of a ‘criminal personality’. French psychiatrists were obliged to present the intricacies of medical argument within a very specific judicial context which they frequently considered to be less than ideal. On the one hand, their aid was increasingly requested by legal personnel investigating criminal trials, particularly when capital crimes were involved. On the other, they remained mere adjuncts in a process governed by complex conventions of interrogation, investigation, and courtroom procedure over which they had little control.
David Greenberg and Eliezer Witztum
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300071917
- eISBN:
- 9780300131994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300071917.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter describes a hypothetical situation involving an Israeli psychiatrist and an ultra-orthodox Jewish man. When the psychiatrist asks the patient how he is, the patient gives responses which ...
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This chapter describes a hypothetical situation involving an Israeli psychiatrist and an ultra-orthodox Jewish man. When the psychiatrist asks the patient how he is, the patient gives responses which are seemingly evasive or unrelated to the question. The chapter explains how miscommunication can arise between the psychiatrist and the patient because of the ultra-orthodox Jewish man's religious beliefs.Less
This chapter describes a hypothetical situation involving an Israeli psychiatrist and an ultra-orthodox Jewish man. When the psychiatrist asks the patient how he is, the patient gives responses which are seemingly evasive or unrelated to the question. The chapter explains how miscommunication can arise between the psychiatrist and the patient because of the ultra-orthodox Jewish man's religious beliefs.
David Greenberg and Eliezer Witztum
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300071917
- eISBN:
- 9780300131994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300071917.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter explores the union of Western psychiatry and the ultra-orthodox community, based on the concept of shidduch, the arranged matrimonial match. The groom is a composite of two male Israeli ...
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This chapter explores the union of Western psychiatry and the ultra-orthodox community, based on the concept of shidduch, the arranged matrimonial match. The groom is a composite of two male Israeli psychiatrists who work closely with the ultra-orthodox Jewish population. Both are part of a medical tradition which takes for granted that everything the therapist observes in or is told by patients can be subsumed within its omniscient structure. Yet it is shown that providing clinical care to the ultra-orthodox community—the bride—is a matter of considerable complexity.Less
This chapter explores the union of Western psychiatry and the ultra-orthodox community, based on the concept of shidduch, the arranged matrimonial match. The groom is a composite of two male Israeli psychiatrists who work closely with the ultra-orthodox Jewish population. Both are part of a medical tradition which takes for granted that everything the therapist observes in or is told by patients can be subsumed within its omniscient structure. Yet it is shown that providing clinical care to the ultra-orthodox community—the bride—is a matter of considerable complexity.
Benjamin Looker
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226073989
- eISBN:
- 9780226290454
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226290454.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
While social scientists and policy experts wrestled over the relationship between the “ghetto” and the “neighborhood,” a new cadre of cultural workers used representational formats to urge a ...
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While social scientists and policy experts wrestled over the relationship between the “ghetto” and the “neighborhood,” a new cadre of cultural workers used representational formats to urge a reassessment of the place-based loyalties of the inner cities. A question that consumed various 1960s cultural workers was how to represent areas of physical devastation and economic deprivation without dehumanizing their inhabitants or erasing their histories. Chapter 6 surveys three distinct answers, as established in the output of the photographer Bruce Davidson, the social psychiatrist Robert Coles, and the museum director John Kinard. By documenting neighborhood relationships in low-income city cores, each sought to displace liberal hand-wringing and conservative condemnation with more affirming portrayals of everyday local life. But while Davidson and Coles were outsiders looking in, seeking to discover evidence of neighborhoods and neighborliness, Kinard and his colleagues at Washington, D.C.'s Anacostia Neighborhood Museum instead framed African-American neighborhood histories as potent tools in contemporary civil-rights struggles.Less
While social scientists and policy experts wrestled over the relationship between the “ghetto” and the “neighborhood,” a new cadre of cultural workers used representational formats to urge a reassessment of the place-based loyalties of the inner cities. A question that consumed various 1960s cultural workers was how to represent areas of physical devastation and economic deprivation without dehumanizing their inhabitants or erasing their histories. Chapter 6 surveys three distinct answers, as established in the output of the photographer Bruce Davidson, the social psychiatrist Robert Coles, and the museum director John Kinard. By documenting neighborhood relationships in low-income city cores, each sought to displace liberal hand-wringing and conservative condemnation with more affirming portrayals of everyday local life. But while Davidson and Coles were outsiders looking in, seeking to discover evidence of neighborhoods and neighborliness, Kinard and his colleagues at Washington, D.C.'s Anacostia Neighborhood Museum instead framed African-American neighborhood histories as potent tools in contemporary civil-rights struggles.
Steven D. Passik, Kenneth L. Kirsh, and Mari Lloyd-Williams
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199216420
- eISBN:
- 9780191730306
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199216420.003.0007
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter examines issues concerning anxiety and adjustment disorders experienced by patients in palliative care. Several studies have found that patients with advanced cancer often have co-morbid ...
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This chapter examines issues concerning anxiety and adjustment disorders experienced by patients in palliative care. Several studies have found that patients with advanced cancer often have co-morbid psychiatric problems including a high frequency of adjustment disorders and anxiety. While the identification of these disorders can be done by oncology staff, it is advisable for palliative care practitioners to work with other professionals, such as psychiatrists and psychologists, to provide appropriate mental health care and enhance the quality of life of the patient and family.Less
This chapter examines issues concerning anxiety and adjustment disorders experienced by patients in palliative care. Several studies have found that patients with advanced cancer often have co-morbid psychiatric problems including a high frequency of adjustment disorders and anxiety. While the identification of these disorders can be done by oncology staff, it is advisable for palliative care practitioners to work with other professionals, such as psychiatrists and psychologists, to provide appropriate mental health care and enhance the quality of life of the patient and family.
Cynthia W Moore, Michele Pengelly, and Paula K Rauch
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199238361
- eISBN:
- 9780191730290
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199238361.003.0048
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
When a parent with dependent children is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness, it is common for a significant part of their distress to be associated with worries about their children. While ...
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When a parent with dependent children is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness, it is common for a significant part of their distress to be associated with worries about their children. While there are not yet data to support a particular approach, it is important to highlight lessons learned from existing initiatives. This chapter draws on the clinical experience from two different programmes: one an innovative programme spearheaded by nurses at a regional oncology centre in South Wales, and the other a parent-guidance programme offered by child psychologists and child psychiatrists at a major academic cancer centre in Boston, Massachusetts. In the Welsh programme, parents have an opportunity to spend quality time with their children, while facilitating play as a means of helping children express anxieties. At the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center PACT (Parenting at a Challenging Time) programme, child psychiatrists and psychologists provide free guidance to parents with cancer about communication and children's coping.Less
When a parent with dependent children is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness, it is common for a significant part of their distress to be associated with worries about their children. While there are not yet data to support a particular approach, it is important to highlight lessons learned from existing initiatives. This chapter draws on the clinical experience from two different programmes: one an innovative programme spearheaded by nurses at a regional oncology centre in South Wales, and the other a parent-guidance programme offered by child psychologists and child psychiatrists at a major academic cancer centre in Boston, Massachusetts. In the Welsh programme, parents have an opportunity to spend quality time with their children, while facilitating play as a means of helping children express anxieties. At the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center PACT (Parenting at a Challenging Time) programme, child psychiatrists and psychologists provide free guidance to parents with cancer about communication and children's coping.
Mary Ann Cohen and Charles E. Schwartz
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199554133
- eISBN:
- 9780191730269
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199554133.003.0008
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Supportive care for persons with HIV-associated dementia (HAD) presents clinicians, caregivers, families, and loved ones with special biopsychosocial challenges posed by the infectious nature of HIV, ...
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Supportive care for persons with HIV-associated dementia (HAD) presents clinicians, caregivers, families, and loved ones with special biopsychosocial challenges posed by the infectious nature of HIV, the specific modes of HIV transmission, the particular way HIV affects the brain, the age of onset, and the complex stigma of HIV superimposed on the stigma associated with all dementias. These challenges differentiate HAD from dementia of other causes, have significant clinical and public health implications, and necessitate early recognition and treatment as well as early supportive care. AIDS psychiatrists, psychosomatic medicine psychiatrists, physicians — trained in both medicine and psychiatry — and other mental health clinicians can play a vital role in recognition and care of HAD; in the prevention of HIV transmission; and in training of other clinicians to alleviate distress, reduce ongoing high risk behaviour and non-adherence; provide support for patients and families, and improve quality of life. This chapter reviews the biopsychosocial aspects of HAD and suggests strategies to address the unique challenges of this devastating and complex illness.Less
Supportive care for persons with HIV-associated dementia (HAD) presents clinicians, caregivers, families, and loved ones with special biopsychosocial challenges posed by the infectious nature of HIV, the specific modes of HIV transmission, the particular way HIV affects the brain, the age of onset, and the complex stigma of HIV superimposed on the stigma associated with all dementias. These challenges differentiate HAD from dementia of other causes, have significant clinical and public health implications, and necessitate early recognition and treatment as well as early supportive care. AIDS psychiatrists, psychosomatic medicine psychiatrists, physicians — trained in both medicine and psychiatry — and other mental health clinicians can play a vital role in recognition and care of HAD; in the prevention of HIV transmission; and in training of other clinicians to alleviate distress, reduce ongoing high risk behaviour and non-adherence; provide support for patients and families, and improve quality of life. This chapter reviews the biopsychosocial aspects of HAD and suggests strategies to address the unique challenges of this devastating and complex illness.
Jonathan Y. Okamura
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780252042607
- eISBN:
- 9780252051449
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252042607.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter considers whether Fukunaga was legally sane or insane when he killed Gill Jamieson, a lingering issue because of the ninety-minute examination given him by the three psychiatrists who ...
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This chapter considers whether Fukunaga was legally sane or insane when he killed Gill Jamieson, a lingering issue because of the ninety-minute examination given him by the three psychiatrists who testified he was legally sane. The chapter reviews the study by University of Hawai‘i professor Lockwood Myrick Jr., who contended Fukunaga was legally insane because he was compelled by a force he could not withstand—his desire for revenge against the Hawaiian Trust Co. Besides the inability to differentiate between right and wrong, being unable to resist a compelling force was another criterion of legal insanity according to Hawai‘i law. The chapter argues that, based on his actions and statements, Fukunaga appeared to know the difference between right and wrong and that killing Gill was wrong.Less
This chapter considers whether Fukunaga was legally sane or insane when he killed Gill Jamieson, a lingering issue because of the ninety-minute examination given him by the three psychiatrists who testified he was legally sane. The chapter reviews the study by University of Hawai‘i professor Lockwood Myrick Jr., who contended Fukunaga was legally insane because he was compelled by a force he could not withstand—his desire for revenge against the Hawaiian Trust Co. Besides the inability to differentiate between right and wrong, being unable to resist a compelling force was another criterion of legal insanity according to Hawai‘i law. The chapter argues that, based on his actions and statements, Fukunaga appeared to know the difference between right and wrong and that killing Gill was wrong.
Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good, Sandra Teresa Hyde, and Sarah Pinto (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520252233
- eISBN:
- 9780520941021
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520252233.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This book reflects on the nature of subjectivity in the diverse places where anthropologists work at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Contributors explore everyday modes of social and ...
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This book reflects on the nature of subjectivity in the diverse places where anthropologists work at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Contributors explore everyday modes of social and psychological experience, the constitution of the subject, and forms of subjection that shape the lives of Basque youth, Indonesian artists, members of nongovernmental HIV/AIDS programs in China and the Republic of Congo, psychiatrists and the mentally ill in Morocco and Ireland, and persons who have suffered trauma or been displaced by violence in the Middle East and in South and Southeast Asia.Less
This book reflects on the nature of subjectivity in the diverse places where anthropologists work at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Contributors explore everyday modes of social and psychological experience, the constitution of the subject, and forms of subjection that shape the lives of Basque youth, Indonesian artists, members of nongovernmental HIV/AIDS programs in China and the Republic of Congo, psychiatrists and the mentally ill in Morocco and Ireland, and persons who have suffered trauma or been displaced by violence in the Middle East and in South and Southeast Asia.
Akihito Suzuki
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520245808
- eISBN:
- 9780520932210
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520245808.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter looks into the clinical aspects of the relationship between the doctor and the family, and establishes that doctors were intellectually dependent on the information provided by the ...
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This chapter looks into the clinical aspects of the relationship between the doctor and the family, and establishes that doctors were intellectually dependent on the information provided by the families despite the fervent aspiration to scientific autonomy expressed in the printed pages of medical treatises. George Man Burrows was one of the most successful psychiatric practitioners in London. The chapter first examines his theory and practice, focusing particularly on the contradiction between what Burrows preached and what he actually did—a contradiction which largely echoed that between medical science and medical practice. It then shows that the two cases of wrongful confinement in which Burrows was involved were outcomes of this contradiction. The chapter concludes by assessing some impacts the Burrows case had, suggesting that English alienists at this time became clearly aware of the indispensable but troublesome role of the family in their business.Less
This chapter looks into the clinical aspects of the relationship between the doctor and the family, and establishes that doctors were intellectually dependent on the information provided by the families despite the fervent aspiration to scientific autonomy expressed in the printed pages of medical treatises. George Man Burrows was one of the most successful psychiatric practitioners in London. The chapter first examines his theory and practice, focusing particularly on the contradiction between what Burrows preached and what he actually did—a contradiction which largely echoed that between medical science and medical practice. It then shows that the two cases of wrongful confinement in which Burrows was involved were outcomes of this contradiction. The chapter concludes by assessing some impacts the Burrows case had, suggesting that English alienists at this time became clearly aware of the indispensable but troublesome role of the family in their business.
Akihito Suzuki
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520245808
- eISBN:
- 9780520932210
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520245808.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter turns to the ideological aspects of psychiatric practice and investigates the patterns of psychiatrists' conceptualization of their role vis-à-vis families' concerns about the protection ...
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This chapter turns to the ideological aspects of psychiatric practice and investigates the patterns of psychiatrists' conceptualization of their role vis-à-vis families' concerns about the protection of their property. In the immediate aftermath of the Davies case, there were calls to rethink the psychiatrist's relationship with the patient and the family, especially in the context of commissions of lunacy. The chapter examines three forms of reaction, which were all responses to the crisis in psychiatry brought about by the fall of the most eminent practitioner in the field. They were: an unpublished paper read at the Royal College of Physicians in 1830–31, which reinforced the conservative and gentlemanly role of the guardian of family property; The Indications of Insanity (1830) by John Conolly, then a professor of medicine at University College London; and the writings of Charles Dunne, a radical entrepreneur and lecturer who had received a medical education in Paris. These reactions proposed different programs to recast psychiatric practice, inspired by different ideologies and concerns. The chapter also examines J. C. Prichard's concept of “moral insanity.” First formulated in a publication in 1833, Prichard's newly formulated diagnostic category provided an escape route from the catch-22 in which psychiatrists found themselves, by endorsing the old family-dependent diagnostic pattern and, at the same time, insisting that the diagnosis was a scientific one.Less
This chapter turns to the ideological aspects of psychiatric practice and investigates the patterns of psychiatrists' conceptualization of their role vis-à-vis families' concerns about the protection of their property. In the immediate aftermath of the Davies case, there were calls to rethink the psychiatrist's relationship with the patient and the family, especially in the context of commissions of lunacy. The chapter examines three forms of reaction, which were all responses to the crisis in psychiatry brought about by the fall of the most eminent practitioner in the field. They were: an unpublished paper read at the Royal College of Physicians in 1830–31, which reinforced the conservative and gentlemanly role of the guardian of family property; The Indications of Insanity (1830) by John Conolly, then a professor of medicine at University College London; and the writings of Charles Dunne, a radical entrepreneur and lecturer who had received a medical education in Paris. These reactions proposed different programs to recast psychiatric practice, inspired by different ideologies and concerns. The chapter also examines J. C. Prichard's concept of “moral insanity.” First formulated in a publication in 1833, Prichard's newly formulated diagnostic category provided an escape route from the catch-22 in which psychiatrists found themselves, by endorsing the old family-dependent diagnostic pattern and, at the same time, insisting that the diagnosis was a scientific one.
Stephen J. Glatt, Stephen V. Faraone, and Ming T. Tsuang
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198813774
- eISBN:
- 9780191917233
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198813774.003.0017
- Subject:
- Clinical Medicine and Allied Health, Psychiatry
It can be overwhelming to deal with the schizophrenia, either personally or as someone who cares for or about an affected individual. One may also be overwhelmed by ...
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It can be overwhelming to deal with the schizophrenia, either personally or as someone who cares for or about an affected individual. One may also be overwhelmed by trying to digest all the facts that we have shared here about this highly complex disorder. As scientists, we too find it overwhelming to lament how much we still don’t know, and how to use what we do know to make real change for affected individuals. But having the facts at hand gives some sense of control. It is important, then, to clarify at this stage what affected individuals and their families can do to cope with the disorder, both day to day and in an emergency. Affected individuals learn to cope with schizophrenia symptoms by trial and error. When they have a worsening of symptoms, they may learn to seek hospital admission rather than resist it. Over time they learn that stopping or changing medication leads to a relapse of positive symptoms. They may be able to adjust the dose of drugs to avoid severe side effects, yet maintain a level that prevents symptom flare- ups. Clearly, not all individuals with schizophrenia can do this. Nearly half of individuals with schizophrenia who are treated on an outpatient basis fail to take their medication; the relapse rate is high among such patients. Patients should be under continuous supervision by their psychiatrist during drug therapy. Even if they discover how to adjust the drug dose, they should share and discuss these experiences with their psychiatrist and not attempt to make changes on their own. If the patient finds it difficult to remember to take tablets, long- acting injections of medication are available; one injection works for an average of 2– 4 weeks. Patients should faithfully follow their doctor’s prescription and receive the injection regularly; with time this can be adjusted as needed. The family has an important role to play in reminding patients to take medicine regularly or to visit the doctor for injections. This is particularly true if the individual becomes reluctant to follow doctor’s orders and relapse seems imminent.
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It can be overwhelming to deal with the schizophrenia, either personally or as someone who cares for or about an affected individual. One may also be overwhelmed by trying to digest all the facts that we have shared here about this highly complex disorder. As scientists, we too find it overwhelming to lament how much we still don’t know, and how to use what we do know to make real change for affected individuals. But having the facts at hand gives some sense of control. It is important, then, to clarify at this stage what affected individuals and their families can do to cope with the disorder, both day to day and in an emergency. Affected individuals learn to cope with schizophrenia symptoms by trial and error. When they have a worsening of symptoms, they may learn to seek hospital admission rather than resist it. Over time they learn that stopping or changing medication leads to a relapse of positive symptoms. They may be able to adjust the dose of drugs to avoid severe side effects, yet maintain a level that prevents symptom flare- ups. Clearly, not all individuals with schizophrenia can do this. Nearly half of individuals with schizophrenia who are treated on an outpatient basis fail to take their medication; the relapse rate is high among such patients. Patients should be under continuous supervision by their psychiatrist during drug therapy. Even if they discover how to adjust the drug dose, they should share and discuss these experiences with their psychiatrist and not attempt to make changes on their own. If the patient finds it difficult to remember to take tablets, long- acting injections of medication are available; one injection works for an average of 2– 4 weeks. Patients should faithfully follow their doctor’s prescription and receive the injection regularly; with time this can be adjusted as needed. The family has an important role to play in reminding patients to take medicine regularly or to visit the doctor for injections. This is particularly true if the individual becomes reluctant to follow doctor’s orders and relapse seems imminent.
Edward Shorter
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780199948086
- eISBN:
- 9780197563304
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199948086.003.0004
- Subject:
- Clinical Medicine and Allied Health, Psychiatry
For the past 40 years, the diagnosis of depression has been steadily increasing. The prevalence of serious depression in the middle third of the twentieth century was ...
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For the past 40 years, the diagnosis of depression has been steadily increasing. The prevalence of serious depression in the middle third of the twentieth century was less than one in a thousand; today, it is measured in the double digits per hundred. In an outpatient medical practice in New York, 18.9% of the patients had a diagnosis of major depression. On a lifetime basis, one American in five will receive a diagnosis of depression. This is a real puzzle. Given that these millions of patients with purported depression are not necessarily sad and have scads of other symptoms, it is not clear what the basis is for calling them depressed. Maybe they have some other diagnosis? The extreme form of being very ill was historically the nervous breakdown, involving melancholia, panic, overwhelming fatigue, and bodies that felt and moved like lead. Lesser forms of nervous illness were simply called “nerves.” Were these nervous patients simply depressed? Or is it we who are the nervous? This is a subject that we as a society have not lost interest in. “Government on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown” was a page one story on the cable channel MSNBC in 2011, as Congress teetered on the point of passing the controversial deficit reduction plan. So the nervous breakdown has not gone away after all! Just when psychiatry, with all its talk about depression, thought diseases of the nerves were dead, the concept turns out to be alive and well among the public. Take the HBO comedy-drama “Enlightened”: When Laura Dern, as troubled corporate executive Amy Jellicoe, has a nervous breakdown, every system of her body screams stop! This is way beyond depressed. Then when she returns from a New Age spiritual healing colony in Hawaii “after swimming with the turtles,” everything has been buffed. She’s a “new person.” People can relate to nerves as a disease of the entire body, whereas depression, in the sense of a sad mood, is a bit of a stretch. Many patients who are called depressed are not sad.
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For the past 40 years, the diagnosis of depression has been steadily increasing. The prevalence of serious depression in the middle third of the twentieth century was less than one in a thousand; today, it is measured in the double digits per hundred. In an outpatient medical practice in New York, 18.9% of the patients had a diagnosis of major depression. On a lifetime basis, one American in five will receive a diagnosis of depression. This is a real puzzle. Given that these millions of patients with purported depression are not necessarily sad and have scads of other symptoms, it is not clear what the basis is for calling them depressed. Maybe they have some other diagnosis? The extreme form of being very ill was historically the nervous breakdown, involving melancholia, panic, overwhelming fatigue, and bodies that felt and moved like lead. Lesser forms of nervous illness were simply called “nerves.” Were these nervous patients simply depressed? Or is it we who are the nervous? This is a subject that we as a society have not lost interest in. “Government on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown” was a page one story on the cable channel MSNBC in 2011, as Congress teetered on the point of passing the controversial deficit reduction plan. So the nervous breakdown has not gone away after all! Just when psychiatry, with all its talk about depression, thought diseases of the nerves were dead, the concept turns out to be alive and well among the public. Take the HBO comedy-drama “Enlightened”: When Laura Dern, as troubled corporate executive Amy Jellicoe, has a nervous breakdown, every system of her body screams stop! This is way beyond depressed. Then when she returns from a New Age spiritual healing colony in Hawaii “after swimming with the turtles,” everything has been buffed. She’s a “new person.” People can relate to nerves as a disease of the entire body, whereas depression, in the sense of a sad mood, is a bit of a stretch. Many patients who are called depressed are not sad.
Nicky Stanley, Bridget Penhale, Denise Riordan, Rosaline S. Barbour, and Sue Holden
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861344274
- eISBN:
- 9781447301707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861344274.003.0010
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter reports on practitioners' experiences of interprofessional communication and coordination and examines their views on which services were best equipped to take a lead in work with ...
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This chapter reports on practitioners' experiences of interprofessional communication and coordination and examines their views on which services were best equipped to take a lead in work with families where mental health needs and child care concerns coincided. The survey asked respondents to identify the frequency of difficulties in coordinating work on such cases with a wide range of professional groups. This chapter shows that 35% of practitioners reported always or frequently having problems in coordinating their work with GPs, while 27% reported the same frequency of problems with adult psychiatrists. These rates were substantially higher than the levels of difficulties identified for other professional groups.Less
This chapter reports on practitioners' experiences of interprofessional communication and coordination and examines their views on which services were best equipped to take a lead in work with families where mental health needs and child care concerns coincided. The survey asked respondents to identify the frequency of difficulties in coordinating work on such cases with a wide range of professional groups. This chapter shows that 35% of practitioners reported always or frequently having problems in coordinating their work with GPs, while 27% reported the same frequency of problems with adult psychiatrists. These rates were substantially higher than the levels of difficulties identified for other professional groups.
