Josh Whitford
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199286010
- eISBN:
- 9780191713903
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199286010.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy
American manufacturing is in crisis: the sector lost three million jobs between 2000 and 2003 as the American trade deficit shot to record highs. Manufacturers have increasingly decentralized ...
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American manufacturing is in crisis: the sector lost three million jobs between 2000 and 2003 as the American trade deficit shot to record highs. Manufacturers have increasingly decentralized productive responsibilities to armies of supplier firms, both domestically and abroad. Many have speculated as to whether or not manufacturing is even feasible in the United States, given the difficulties. This book examines the issues behind this crisis, looking at the emergence of a ‘new old economy’, in which relationships between firms have become much more important. It shows that discussion of this shift, in the media and in the academic literature, hits on the right issues — globalization, de-industrialization, and the outsourcing of production in marketized and in network relationships — but in an overly polarized way that obscures as much as it enlightens. Drawing on the results of interviews conducted with manufacturers in the American Upper Midwest, the book shows that the range of possibilities is more complex and contingent than is usually recognised. Highlighting heretofore unexamined elements of constraint, contradiction, and innovation that characterize contemporary network production models, the book shakes received understandings in economic and organizational sociology, comparative political economy, and economic geography to reveal ways in which the American economic development apparatus can be adjusted to better meet the challenges of a highly decentralized production regime.Less
American manufacturing is in crisis: the sector lost three million jobs between 2000 and 2003 as the American trade deficit shot to record highs. Manufacturers have increasingly decentralized productive responsibilities to armies of supplier firms, both domestically and abroad. Many have speculated as to whether or not manufacturing is even feasible in the United States, given the difficulties. This book examines the issues behind this crisis, looking at the emergence of a ‘new old economy’, in which relationships between firms have become much more important. It shows that discussion of this shift, in the media and in the academic literature, hits on the right issues — globalization, de-industrialization, and the outsourcing of production in marketized and in network relationships — but in an overly polarized way that obscures as much as it enlightens. Drawing on the results of interviews conducted with manufacturers in the American Upper Midwest, the book shows that the range of possibilities is more complex and contingent than is usually recognised. Highlighting heretofore unexamined elements of constraint, contradiction, and innovation that characterize contemporary network production models, the book shakes received understandings in economic and organizational sociology, comparative political economy, and economic geography to reveal ways in which the American economic development apparatus can be adjusted to better meet the challenges of a highly decentralized production regime.
Christel Lane and Jocelyn Probert
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199214815
- eISBN:
- 9780191721779
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199214815.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This book studies the way that British, American, and German firms in the clothing industry (manufacturing and retail) co-ordinate and govern their global production networks/value chains. It offers ...
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This book studies the way that British, American, and German firms in the clothing industry (manufacturing and retail) co-ordinate and govern their global production networks/value chains. It offers a multi-level analysis, concerned with processes of economic interaction between international, regional, and national economic institutions and actors. This combines an analysis of international/regional regulatory systems, global markets, and conditions in the developing countries where suppliers are found with a focus on the recent development of the clothing industry in three western countries. The book's study of firms' global networks focuses on the power relationships between western producers and retailers on the one hand and between buyer firms in developed and supplier firms in developing countries on the other. The book additionally investigates their impact on labour. Utilizing over a hundred interviews in six countries on three continents, it follows the value chain from developed to developing countries and studies the many issues which confront students of globalization at the current time. The book combines theoretical perspectives from economic sociology, political economy, and management and seeks to utilise the complementary strengths of the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) approach and that of Global Production Networks/Value Chains.Less
This book studies the way that British, American, and German firms in the clothing industry (manufacturing and retail) co-ordinate and govern their global production networks/value chains. It offers a multi-level analysis, concerned with processes of economic interaction between international, regional, and national economic institutions and actors. This combines an analysis of international/regional regulatory systems, global markets, and conditions in the developing countries where suppliers are found with a focus on the recent development of the clothing industry in three western countries. The book's study of firms' global networks focuses on the power relationships between western producers and retailers on the one hand and between buyer firms in developed and supplier firms in developing countries on the other. The book additionally investigates their impact on labour. Utilizing over a hundred interviews in six countries on three continents, it follows the value chain from developed to developing countries and studies the many issues which confront students of globalization at the current time. The book combines theoretical perspectives from economic sociology, political economy, and management and seeks to utilise the complementary strengths of the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) approach and that of Global Production Networks/Value Chains.
Christel Lane and Jocelyn Probert
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199214815
- eISBN:
- 9780191721779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199214815.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter analyses the way national capitalisms interact with Global Value Chains (GVCs) / Global Production Networks (GPNs). It surveys the literature in each area and identifies both the ...
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This chapter analyses the way national capitalisms interact with Global Value Chains (GVCs) / Global Production Networks (GPNs). It surveys the literature in each area and identifies both the weaknesses of each approach and their complementary strengths. The national institutional frameworks which shape the activities of UK, US, and German clothing firms are outlined. The chapter additionally undertakes an analysis of the state as an actor in both the national and international arena, focusing on the concept of ‘competition state’. It concludes with a section which links the discussion of firm capabilities and strategy to the process of value chain fragmentation, as well as outlining a typology of firms in this industry.Less
This chapter analyses the way national capitalisms interact with Global Value Chains (GVCs) / Global Production Networks (GPNs). It surveys the literature in each area and identifies both the weaknesses of each approach and their complementary strengths. The national institutional frameworks which shape the activities of UK, US, and German clothing firms are outlined. The chapter additionally undertakes an analysis of the state as an actor in both the national and international arena, focusing on the concept of ‘competition state’. It concludes with a section which links the discussion of firm capabilities and strategy to the process of value chain fragmentation, as well as outlining a typology of firms in this industry.
Christel Lane and Jocelyn Probert
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199214815
- eISBN:
- 9780191721779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199214815.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter surveys the factors that have given rise to foreign sourcing and analyses the divergent manner in which national institutional environments, as well as international regulatory bodies, ...
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This chapter surveys the factors that have given rise to foreign sourcing and analyses the divergent manner in which national institutional environments, as well as international regulatory bodies, have shaped the coordination and governance of global production networks (GPNs). It shows how, in building GPNs, firms' various strategic concerns, particularly cost reduction, flexibility (in terms of capacity variation), and management of the extremely volatile competitive environment, have interacted with both domestic and global institutional opportunities and constraints to result in a complex web of influences. Additionally, the nationally diverse capabilities, resources and strategies of retail customers are shown to exert a strong influence on power relations in the GPN. In outlining different national sourcing strategies, the chapter explores both the mode of sourcing and the locational choices of firms. Finally, it analyses the nature of relationships in the network between western buyer firms and their contractors in low-wage countries.Less
This chapter surveys the factors that have given rise to foreign sourcing and analyses the divergent manner in which national institutional environments, as well as international regulatory bodies, have shaped the coordination and governance of global production networks (GPNs). It shows how, in building GPNs, firms' various strategic concerns, particularly cost reduction, flexibility (in terms of capacity variation), and management of the extremely volatile competitive environment, have interacted with both domestic and global institutional opportunities and constraints to result in a complex web of influences. Additionally, the nationally diverse capabilities, resources and strategies of retail customers are shown to exert a strong influence on power relations in the GPN. In outlining different national sourcing strategies, the chapter explores both the mode of sourcing and the locational choices of firms. Finally, it analyses the nature of relationships in the network between western buyer firms and their contractors in low-wage countries.
Christel Lane and Jocelyn Probert
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199214815
- eISBN:
- 9780191721779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199214815.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter outlines the central themes of the book and provides brief definitions of key terms. It briefly indicates the theoretical approach adopted, as well as the data we utilise. It makes clear ...
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This chapter outlines the central themes of the book and provides brief definitions of key terms. It briefly indicates the theoretical approach adopted, as well as the data we utilise. It makes clear how the book goes beyond a mere industry study and contributes to a better understanding of processes of global economic integration. Finally, it provides an outline of the contents of the book.Less
This chapter outlines the central themes of the book and provides brief definitions of key terms. It briefly indicates the theoretical approach adopted, as well as the data we utilise. It makes clear how the book goes beyond a mere industry study and contributes to a better understanding of processes of global economic integration. Finally, it provides an outline of the contents of the book.
Christel Lane and Jocelyn Probert
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199214815
- eISBN:
- 9780191721779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199214815.003.0011
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter provides a theoretical conclusion by answering some questions posed throughout the book: To what extent and how are GPNs shaped by national capitalisms and to what degree are they ...
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This chapter provides a theoretical conclusion by answering some questions posed throughout the book: To what extent and how are GPNs shaped by national capitalisms and to what degree are they influenced by global markets and by international/global organizations? How do GPNs in the clothing industry impact on national capitalisms? Do they further strengthen a given economy's competitive advantage in a particular industry niche, or do they also undermine economic structures and disorganize or disrupt institutional arrangements? How does a dual theoretical focus on the comparative capitalism approach and the theory of global value chains/production networks improve our understanding of what drives network actors and the interrelationships within networks? The chapter points out how the answers go beyond the work of both Gereffi (various dates) and Dicken et al (2001), as well as ‘comparative capitalisms’ theory. Another section summarizes the findings on the supplier countries studied, showing both the nature of their comparative advantage and the limits thereto. The chapter concludes by pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of the VoC framework for the study of this global industry.Less
This chapter provides a theoretical conclusion by answering some questions posed throughout the book: To what extent and how are GPNs shaped by national capitalisms and to what degree are they influenced by global markets and by international/global organizations? How do GPNs in the clothing industry impact on national capitalisms? Do they further strengthen a given economy's competitive advantage in a particular industry niche, or do they also undermine economic structures and disorganize or disrupt institutional arrangements? How does a dual theoretical focus on the comparative capitalism approach and the theory of global value chains/production networks improve our understanding of what drives network actors and the interrelationships within networks? The chapter points out how the answers go beyond the work of both Gereffi (various dates) and Dicken et al (2001), as well as ‘comparative capitalisms’ theory. Another section summarizes the findings on the supplier countries studied, showing both the nature of their comparative advantage and the limits thereto. The chapter concludes by pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of the VoC framework for the study of this global industry.
Gernot Grabher and David Stark
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198290209
- eISBN:
- 9780191684791
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198290209.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Political Economy
This chapter examines the motives of Western corporations investing in eastern Germany. It illustrates how the initial expectations for economic development in eastern Germany and in Eastern Europe ...
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This chapter examines the motives of Western corporations investing in eastern Germany. It illustrates how the initial expectations for economic development in eastern Germany and in Eastern Europe have been disappointed: this is due to the rising labour costs as the anticipation of growing markets faded. Secondly, it reconstructs the strategies adopted by Western corporations to cope with these unforeseen challenges of their investment in eastern Germany. Finally, the chapter evaluates the impacts that these strategies have had on regional development in eastern Germany.Less
This chapter examines the motives of Western corporations investing in eastern Germany. It illustrates how the initial expectations for economic development in eastern Germany and in Eastern Europe have been disappointed: this is due to the rising labour costs as the anticipation of growing markets faded. Secondly, it reconstructs the strategies adopted by Western corporations to cope with these unforeseen challenges of their investment in eastern Germany. Finally, the chapter evaluates the impacts that these strategies have had on regional development in eastern Germany.
Michael H. Best
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297451
- eISBN:
- 9780191595967
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297459.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic Systems
The capabilities and innovation perspective is not limited to explaining growth processes in technologically advanced regions. Here the perspective is applied within the context of developing an ...
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The capabilities and innovation perspective is not limited to explaining growth processes in technologically advanced regions. Here the perspective is applied within the context of developing an industrial strategy for Northern Ireland. While Northern Ireland has not enjoyed the benefits of regional growth dynamics driven by entrepreneurial firms, the fault is not lack of industrial policy initiatives. Nevertheless, productivity levels are stubbornly low and both innovation and growth have been disappointing. A major lesson of Northern Ireland is the critical role of government policy in aligning the three domains of the Productivity Triad: industrial policy initiatives that fail to take account of the interactive dimensions of business organization, production capabilities, and skill formation will likely fail to impact on regional growth. The alignment theme is illustrated with policy proposals on local capability development and global production networks, industry and university partnering, and work organization and business strategies.Less
The capabilities and innovation perspective is not limited to explaining growth processes in technologically advanced regions. Here the perspective is applied within the context of developing an industrial strategy for Northern Ireland. While Northern Ireland has not enjoyed the benefits of regional growth dynamics driven by entrepreneurial firms, the fault is not lack of industrial policy initiatives. Nevertheless, productivity levels are stubbornly low and both innovation and growth have been disappointing. A major lesson of Northern Ireland is the critical role of government policy in aligning the three domains of the Productivity Triad: industrial policy initiatives that fail to take account of the interactive dimensions of business organization, production capabilities, and skill formation will likely fail to impact on regional growth. The alignment theme is illustrated with policy proposals on local capability development and global production networks, industry and university partnering, and work organization and business strategies.
Pol Antràs
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691168272
- eISBN:
- 9781400873746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691168272.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Macro- and Monetary Economics
This chapter gives an overview of the state of global production networks in the present age, particularly in the “slicing of the value chain” phenomenon, which refers to the gradual disintegration ...
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This chapter gives an overview of the state of global production networks in the present age, particularly in the “slicing of the value chain” phenomenon, which refers to the gradual disintegration of production processes across borders. Another important characteristic of global production networks is that they necessarily entail intensive contracting between parties located in different countries and thus subject to distinct legal systems. In a world with perfect (or complete) contracting across borders, this of course would be of little relevance. Unfortunately, this is not the case at present, and from here the chapter examines the issues surrounding the use of contracts in international trade.Less
This chapter gives an overview of the state of global production networks in the present age, particularly in the “slicing of the value chain” phenomenon, which refers to the gradual disintegration of production processes across borders. Another important characteristic of global production networks is that they necessarily entail intensive contracting between parties located in different countries and thus subject to distinct legal systems. In a world with perfect (or complete) contracting across borders, this of course would be of little relevance. Unfortunately, this is not the case at present, and from here the chapter examines the issues surrounding the use of contracts in international trade.
Neil M. Coe and Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198703907
- eISBN:
- 9780191773099
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198703907.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Knowledge Management
In starting the account, this introductory chapter has three objectives. First, it establishes the key structural forces behind the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as an organizational ...
More
In starting the account, this introductory chapter has three objectives. First, it establishes the key structural forces behind the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as an organizational phenomenon within the global economy over the past two decades or so. It then introduces the intellectual context in which the GPN framework first appeared in the early 2000s and distils its basic attributes in relation to cognate approaches such as global commodity chains and global value chains. The final section maps out the structure and arguments of the book, detailing how it seeks to develop an enhanced GPN theory—for which it uses ‘GPN 2.0’ as convenient shorthand—that builds upon, and significantly extends, existing work under this banner.Less
In starting the account, this introductory chapter has three objectives. First, it establishes the key structural forces behind the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as an organizational phenomenon within the global economy over the past two decades or so. It then introduces the intellectual context in which the GPN framework first appeared in the early 2000s and distils its basic attributes in relation to cognate approaches such as global commodity chains and global value chains. The final section maps out the structure and arguments of the book, detailing how it seeks to develop an enhanced GPN theory—for which it uses ‘GPN 2.0’ as convenient shorthand—that builds upon, and significantly extends, existing work under this banner.
Ho-fung Hung
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231164184
- eISBN:
- 9780231540223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164184.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
Chapter 3 exposits how the legacies of East Asian capitalism and those of Mao's socialism combine to fuel the China boom. The chapter also discusses how the China boom derives most of its energy from ...
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Chapter 3 exposits how the legacies of East Asian capitalism and those of Mao's socialism combine to fuel the China boom. The chapter also discusses how the China boom derives most of its energy from the private and export-oriented sector that has been the foundation of foreign exchange reserve growth and expansion of debt-financed infrastructure investment.Less
Chapter 3 exposits how the legacies of East Asian capitalism and those of Mao's socialism combine to fuel the China boom. The chapter also discusses how the China boom derives most of its energy from the private and export-oriented sector that has been the foundation of foreign exchange reserve growth and expansion of debt-financed infrastructure investment.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter discusses how the strategic coupling of East Asian firms requires favorable structural conditions, of which renewed state efforts in the form of supportive policy initiatives are vital. ...
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This chapter discusses how the strategic coupling of East Asian firms requires favorable structural conditions, of which renewed state efforts in the form of supportive policy initiatives are vital. Taken together, this shift in state-firm-GPN relations from state-firm to interfirm dynamics in global production networks (GPN) has profound implications in the understanding of the present and future developmental trajectories of South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. The chapter argues that the successful articulation of domestic firms from these economies into GPNs is dependent on the necessary process of strategic coupling through which these latecomer firms' emergent capabilities and organizational choices must couple with the evolving strategies and intents of global lead firms in their coordination and orchestration of production networks across different territorial ensembles.Less
This chapter discusses how the strategic coupling of East Asian firms requires favorable structural conditions, of which renewed state efforts in the form of supportive policy initiatives are vital. Taken together, this shift in state-firm-GPN relations from state-firm to interfirm dynamics in global production networks (GPN) has profound implications in the understanding of the present and future developmental trajectories of South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. The chapter argues that the successful articulation of domestic firms from these economies into GPNs is dependent on the necessary process of strategic coupling through which these latecomer firms' emergent capabilities and organizational choices must couple with the evolving strategies and intents of global lead firms in their coordination and orchestration of production networks across different territorial ensembles.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter examines the strategic coupling of East Asian firms with the global production networks (GPN) of advanced industrialized economies through industrial market specialization. In both ...
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This chapter examines the strategic coupling of East Asian firms with the global production networks (GPN) of advanced industrialized economies through industrial market specialization. In both industries, the developmental state performed a classic role of the “big push” during the initial phase of their development in the 1970s and the 1980s. These initial public subsidies and state-directed investments could help domestic producers quickly upscale to low-cost leaders in the global market. Their eventual domination in both industries since the 2000s and beyond was no longer based simply on these scale economies, but rather on new advantages developed through firm-specific technological and organizational innovations. The chapter discusses how in this partnership, leading East Asian firms have acquired unique competitive advantages on the basis of new in-house process and product technologies in shipbuilding and semiconductor production.Less
This chapter examines the strategic coupling of East Asian firms with the global production networks (GPN) of advanced industrialized economies through industrial market specialization. In both industries, the developmental state performed a classic role of the “big push” during the initial phase of their development in the 1970s and the 1980s. These initial public subsidies and state-directed investments could help domestic producers quickly upscale to low-cost leaders in the global market. Their eventual domination in both industries since the 2000s and beyond was no longer based simply on these scale economies, but rather on new advantages developed through firm-specific technological and organizational innovations. The chapter discusses how in this partnership, leading East Asian firms have acquired unique competitive advantages on the basis of new in-house process and product technologies in shipbuilding and semiconductor production.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This introductory chapter uses strategic coupling as an argument for a recasting of the dominant state-centric view of industrial transformation in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. As a midrange ...
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This introductory chapter uses strategic coupling as an argument for a recasting of the dominant state-centric view of industrial transformation in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. As a midrange concept that connects opportunities in the global economy to development outcomes in national economies (e.g., the rise of domestic firms in different industries) through firm-specific initiatives, strategic coupling helps in understanding industrial transformation and, ultimately, national economic development in an increasingly integrated global economy. The chapter provides a brief reprise of the developmental state in the three East Asian economies. These measurements of industrial attainment typically mask the important role of such economic institutions as national firms. The reprise also sets the baseline for the book's contemporary analysis of the evolving-state-global production networks (GPN) assemblage.Less
This introductory chapter uses strategic coupling as an argument for a recasting of the dominant state-centric view of industrial transformation in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. As a midrange concept that connects opportunities in the global economy to development outcomes in national economies (e.g., the rise of domestic firms in different industries) through firm-specific initiatives, strategic coupling helps in understanding industrial transformation and, ultimately, national economic development in an increasingly integrated global economy. The chapter provides a brief reprise of the developmental state in the three East Asian economies. These measurements of industrial attainment typically mask the important role of such economic institutions as national firms. The reprise also sets the baseline for the book's contemporary analysis of the evolving-state-global production networks (GPN) assemblage.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in ...
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This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in the global personal computers and consumer electronics industry. During the 1960s and the 1970s, this industry received significant attention in the developmental state's core program of export promotion. But its transformation from a subservient role of subcontracting to a more technologically capable role of providing original design and manufacturing services took place only in the 1990s and beyond, when these domestic firms became more articulated into diverse production networks coordinated by global lead firms. While this was facilitated by the state's new role in upgrading labor, technology, and infrastructure in the domestic economy, the chapter notes how this was also done through the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as a new organizational structure for global competition.Less
This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in the global personal computers and consumer electronics industry. During the 1960s and the 1970s, this industry received significant attention in the developmental state's core program of export promotion. But its transformation from a subservient role of subcontracting to a more technologically capable role of providing original design and manufacturing services took place only in the 1990s and beyond, when these domestic firms became more articulated into diverse production networks coordinated by global lead firms. While this was facilitated by the state's new role in upgrading labor, technology, and infrastructure in the domestic economy, the chapter notes how this was also done through the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as a new organizational structure for global competition.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national ...
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This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national champions as global leaders in their respective industries and the ultimate success of economic development. Through this distinct coupling process, top East Asian firms, such as Taiwan's Acer; South Korea's Samsung, LG, and Hyundai; and Singapore's Singapore Airlines no longer serve as partners or specialists in global production networks (GPN) controlled by other global lead firms. Instead, they have emerged as lead firms spearheading their own global production networks with not only strong technological and managerial competencies but also deep market knowledge and sustained investment.Less
This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national champions as global leaders in their respective industries and the ultimate success of economic development. Through this distinct coupling process, top East Asian firms, such as Taiwan's Acer; South Korea's Samsung, LG, and Hyundai; and Singapore's Singapore Airlines no longer serve as partners or specialists in global production networks (GPN) controlled by other global lead firms. Instead, they have emerged as lead firms spearheading their own global production networks with not only strong technological and managerial competencies but also deep market knowledge and sustained investment.
Mitsuyo Ando and Fukunari Kimura
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226378961
- eISBN:
- 9780226379005
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226379005.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
This chapter examines the importance of international production and distribution networks in East Asia. It describes the drastic changes in policy framework observed in the Southeast Asian countries ...
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This chapter examines the importance of international production and distribution networks in East Asia. It describes the drastic changes in policy framework observed in the Southeast Asian countries and China in the latter half of the 1980s and the early part of the 1990s and discusses the current status of theoretical thoughts explaining the mechanics of international production and distribution networks. This chapter explains the result of statistical analysis on the characteristics of the networks in East Asia and discusses the policy implication of these networks, particularly in the context of formulating free trade agreements.Less
This chapter examines the importance of international production and distribution networks in East Asia. It describes the drastic changes in policy framework observed in the Southeast Asian countries and China in the latter half of the 1980s and the early part of the 1990s and discusses the current status of theoretical thoughts explaining the mechanics of international production and distribution networks. This chapter explains the result of statistical analysis on the characteristics of the networks in East Asia and discusses the policy implication of these networks, particularly in the context of formulating free trade agreements.
John Child, David Faulkner, Stephen Tallman, and Linda Hsieh
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198814634
- eISBN:
- 9780191852374
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198814634.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Strategy
Chapter 7 addresses the use of cooperative strategies and organizations in the development of global value-adding chains and networks. These global networks comprise not only component manufacture, ...
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Chapter 7 addresses the use of cooperative strategies and organizations in the development of global value-adding chains and networks. These global networks comprise not only component manufacture, but also final assembly, marketing, distribution, and even knowledge-based activities such as research and development. These activities are located in many countries and regions, both industrialized and emerging. The chapter notes that transaction cost and resource-based theories and their derivative transaction value perspective offer theoretical support for why cooperative ventures are common in the “outsourcing” that is typical of global production networks. Network concepts help to explain the structuring of global production networks and of the individual transactions that comprise these networks. The chapter also discusses the work of Gereffi and others on global value chains which is particularly informative about cooperative governance types. Modular production models provide a mechanism to structure decentralized networks.Less
Chapter 7 addresses the use of cooperative strategies and organizations in the development of global value-adding chains and networks. These global networks comprise not only component manufacture, but also final assembly, marketing, distribution, and even knowledge-based activities such as research and development. These activities are located in many countries and regions, both industrialized and emerging. The chapter notes that transaction cost and resource-based theories and their derivative transaction value perspective offer theoretical support for why cooperative ventures are common in the “outsourcing” that is typical of global production networks. Network concepts help to explain the structuring of global production networks and of the individual transactions that comprise these networks. The chapter also discusses the work of Gereffi and others on global value chains which is particularly informative about cooperative governance types. Modular production models provide a mechanism to structure decentralized networks.
Neil M. Coe and Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198703907
- eISBN:
- 9780191773099
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198703907.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Knowledge Management
Accelerating processes of economic globalization have fundamentally reshaped the organization of the global economy towards much greater integration and functional interdependence through ...
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Accelerating processes of economic globalization have fundamentally reshaped the organization of the global economy towards much greater integration and functional interdependence through cross-border economic activity. In this interconnected world system, a new form of economic organization, termed global production networks (GPNs) in this book, has emerged that brings together a wide array of economic actors, most notably capitalist firms, state institutions, labour unions, consumers, and non-government organizations, in the transnational production of economic value. National and sub-national economic development in this highly interdependent global economy can no longer be conceived of, and understood within, the distinct territorial boundaries of individual countries and regions. Instead, global production networks are organizational platforms through which actors in these different national or regional economies compete and cooperate for a larger share of the creation, transformation, and capture of value through transnational economic activity. They are also vehicles for transferring the value captured between different places. This book ultimately aims to develop a theory of global production networks that explains economic development in the interconnected global economy. It provides robust answers to a fundamental question: how is development in different economies driven by their participation in value activities organized through global production networks? These answers can also offer new theoretical insights into why the organization and coordination of global production networks varies significantly between different industries, sectors, and economies, and why those variations matter for economic development.Less
Accelerating processes of economic globalization have fundamentally reshaped the organization of the global economy towards much greater integration and functional interdependence through cross-border economic activity. In this interconnected world system, a new form of economic organization, termed global production networks (GPNs) in this book, has emerged that brings together a wide array of economic actors, most notably capitalist firms, state institutions, labour unions, consumers, and non-government organizations, in the transnational production of economic value. National and sub-national economic development in this highly interdependent global economy can no longer be conceived of, and understood within, the distinct territorial boundaries of individual countries and regions. Instead, global production networks are organizational platforms through which actors in these different national or regional economies compete and cooperate for a larger share of the creation, transformation, and capture of value through transnational economic activity. They are also vehicles for transferring the value captured between different places. This book ultimately aims to develop a theory of global production networks that explains economic development in the interconnected global economy. It provides robust answers to a fundamental question: how is development in different economies driven by their participation in value activities organized through global production networks? These answers can also offer new theoretical insights into why the organization and coordination of global production networks varies significantly between different industries, sectors, and economies, and why those variations matter for economic development.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter analyzes the transformation of state-firm relations within South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the 1980s and 1990s as a result of rapid industrialization. It argues that the emergence ...
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This chapter analyzes the transformation of state-firm relations within South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the 1980s and 1990s as a result of rapid industrialization. It argues that the emergence of global production networks (GPN) since the late 1980s provided a critical structural condition for reshaping these state-firm relations in the three economies. Through their articulation into different GPNs, national firms have been increasingly able to disembed themselves from the instrumental imperatives of their domestic states and to reembed in dynamic interfirm networks that offer new sources of knowledge, power, and capabilities. The dynamic recombinant of both shifting state-firm relations and new GPNs is critical in the understanding of evolutionary change and adjustments in these three East Asian economies—a dynamic phenomenon encapsulated in the state-firm-GPN assemblage.Less
This chapter analyzes the transformation of state-firm relations within South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the 1980s and 1990s as a result of rapid industrialization. It argues that the emergence of global production networks (GPN) since the late 1980s provided a critical structural condition for reshaping these state-firm relations in the three economies. Through their articulation into different GPNs, national firms have been increasingly able to disembed themselves from the instrumental imperatives of their domestic states and to reembed in dynamic interfirm networks that offer new sources of knowledge, power, and capabilities. The dynamic recombinant of both shifting state-firm relations and new GPNs is critical in the understanding of evolutionary change and adjustments in these three East Asian economies—a dynamic phenomenon encapsulated in the state-firm-GPN assemblage.