Helmuth Spieler
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198527848
- eISBN:
- 9780191713248
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198527848.003.0009
- Subject:
- Physics, Particle Physics / Astrophysics / Cosmology
This chapter discusses pitfalls encountered in bringing detector systems into operation. Common interference mechanisms — e.g., power supply noise, light leaks, RF pickup, and microphonics — are ...
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This chapter discusses pitfalls encountered in bringing detector systems into operation. Common interference mechanisms — e.g., power supply noise, light leaks, RF pickup, and microphonics — are described together with diagnostic and mitigation techniques. Conventional shielding and low-mass shielding techniques are presented, e.g., field line pinning and ‘self-shielding’ sensors and cables. A detailed discussion of shared current paths (‘ground loops’) illustrates that controlling current paths is much more important than ‘grounding’, which often introduces additional noise. Techniques to control current paths at the system level, in PC board layout, at the circuit level, and through connections to integrated circuits are described. Proper placement of bypass capacitors, series resonance effects, and the choice of appropriate capacitor types and ceramic dielectrics are discussed. External noise can also be suppressed by the choice of pulse shaper, e.g., to attenuate low-frequency interference. In closing, the importance of local referencing is illustrated.Less
This chapter discusses pitfalls encountered in bringing detector systems into operation. Common interference mechanisms — e.g., power supply noise, light leaks, RF pickup, and microphonics — are described together with diagnostic and mitigation techniques. Conventional shielding and low-mass shielding techniques are presented, e.g., field line pinning and ‘self-shielding’ sensors and cables. A detailed discussion of shared current paths (‘ground loops’) illustrates that controlling current paths is much more important than ‘grounding’, which often introduces additional noise. Techniques to control current paths at the system level, in PC board layout, at the circuit level, and through connections to integrated circuits are described. Proper placement of bypass capacitors, series resonance effects, and the choice of appropriate capacitor types and ceramic dielectrics are discussed. External noise can also be suppressed by the choice of pulse shaper, e.g., to attenuate low-frequency interference. In closing, the importance of local referencing is illustrated.
Rosara Joseph
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199664320
- eISBN:
- 9780191748493
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664320.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Legal History
This chapter examines the war prerogative in practice from 1620 - 2012. It focuses on how the House of Commons and the executive have interacted in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. ...
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This chapter examines the war prerogative in practice from 1620 - 2012. It focuses on how the House of Commons and the executive have interacted in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. It will show that the House of Commons has played an active and influential role in the exercise of the war prerogative, despite the common assumption of an exclusive executive power. Part II describes an extraordinary period in English constitutional history, during which the Commons assumed responsibility for the war and foreign policy powers and experimented with different constitutional arrangements for their exercise. Part III, the main focus of this chapter, identifies the ways that the Commons and the executive have interacted in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. Those interactions are grouped into five types: freedom of speech and debate; the power of supply; retrospective scrutiny; parliamentary consultation before going to war; legislation.Less
This chapter examines the war prerogative in practice from 1620 - 2012. It focuses on how the House of Commons and the executive have interacted in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. It will show that the House of Commons has played an active and influential role in the exercise of the war prerogative, despite the common assumption of an exclusive executive power. Part II describes an extraordinary period in English constitutional history, during which the Commons assumed responsibility for the war and foreign policy powers and experimented with different constitutional arrangements for their exercise. Part III, the main focus of this chapter, identifies the ways that the Commons and the executive have interacted in the exercise and scrutiny of the war prerogative. Those interactions are grouped into five types: freedom of speech and debate; the power of supply; retrospective scrutiny; parliamentary consultation before going to war; legislation.
Jean-Luc Nancy
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823263387
- eISBN:
- 9780823266333
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823263387.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This book examines the nature of catastrophes in the era of globalization and technology. Can a catastrophe be an isolated occurrence? Is there such a thing as a “natural” catastrophe when all of our ...
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This book examines the nature of catastrophes in the era of globalization and technology. Can a catastrophe be an isolated occurrence? Is there such a thing as a “natural” catastrophe when all of our technologies nuclear energy, power supply, water supply are necessarily implicated, drawing together the biological, social, economic, and political? The book examines these questions and more. Included in this edition are two interviews.Less
This book examines the nature of catastrophes in the era of globalization and technology. Can a catastrophe be an isolated occurrence? Is there such a thing as a “natural” catastrophe when all of our technologies nuclear energy, power supply, water supply are necessarily implicated, drawing together the biological, social, economic, and political? The book examines these questions and more. Included in this edition are two interviews.
Paul T. Callaghan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- December 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199556984
- eISBN:
- 9780191774928
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199556984.003.0012
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials, Nuclear and Plasma Physics
This chapter gives pointers to the experimentalist on how to avoid artifact in the practical implementation of Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo NMR, and explores the role of the instrumental diffusion ...
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This chapter gives pointers to the experimentalist on how to avoid artifact in the practical implementation of Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo NMR, and explores the role of the instrumental diffusion baseline. Topics covered include real-time diagnostics, sample vibration, convection, eddy currents, pulse mismatch, mains hum, power supply limitations, fringe field diffusometry, and pulse sequence compensation methods. The use of full q-space sampling is discussed. Finally, the need for operator vigilance is explained; the mere appearance of the echo signal as a Gaussian echo decay being no guarantee of a well-functioning diffusion experiment.Less
This chapter gives pointers to the experimentalist on how to avoid artifact in the practical implementation of Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo NMR, and explores the role of the instrumental diffusion baseline. Topics covered include real-time diagnostics, sample vibration, convection, eddy currents, pulse mismatch, mains hum, power supply limitations, fringe field diffusometry, and pulse sequence compensation methods. The use of full q-space sampling is discussed. Finally, the need for operator vigilance is explained; the mere appearance of the echo signal as a Gaussian echo decay being no guarantee of a well-functioning diffusion experiment.
