Jennifer Nedelsky
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195147964
- eISBN:
- 9780199918133
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195147964.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
Chapter 3 argues against the idea of independence as a core dimension of autonomy, and explains why a relational conception of autonomy is especially well suited to the problems of the modern welfare ...
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Chapter 3 argues against the idea of independence as a core dimension of autonomy, and explains why a relational conception of autonomy is especially well suited to the problems of the modern welfare and regulatory state. The modern state must be able to make dependence on state services and regulation consistent with autonomy. American administrative law (which mediates between administrative agencies, such as welfare bureaucracies, and those subject to their decisions) serves to show how fair procedure can provide insights into how to structure bureaucratic power so that it enhances rather than undermines the autonomy of those who interact with it. I then look at various limitations to these legal solutions and at some of the most promising developments in Canadian administrative law. The chapter also looks at the subjective dimensions of autonomy, highlighting the difficulties in effecting a transformation of a central cultural value. And it closes by addressing the factors that make it difficult to restructure dependency relations so that they foster autonomy: both power disparities and entrenched beliefs about subordinate status can pose serious obstacles. Nevertheless, the very inevitability of hierarchies of power makes it essential to structure power relations so that they can foster rather than undermine autonomy.Less
Chapter 3 argues against the idea of independence as a core dimension of autonomy, and explains why a relational conception of autonomy is especially well suited to the problems of the modern welfare and regulatory state. The modern state must be able to make dependence on state services and regulation consistent with autonomy. American administrative law (which mediates between administrative agencies, such as welfare bureaucracies, and those subject to their decisions) serves to show how fair procedure can provide insights into how to structure bureaucratic power so that it enhances rather than undermines the autonomy of those who interact with it. I then look at various limitations to these legal solutions and at some of the most promising developments in Canadian administrative law. The chapter also looks at the subjective dimensions of autonomy, highlighting the difficulties in effecting a transformation of a central cultural value. And it closes by addressing the factors that make it difficult to restructure dependency relations so that they foster autonomy: both power disparities and entrenched beliefs about subordinate status can pose serious obstacles. Nevertheless, the very inevitability of hierarchies of power makes it essential to structure power relations so that they can foster rather than undermine autonomy.
Geetha B. Nambissan and S. Srinivasa Rao
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198082866
- eISBN:
- 9780199082254
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198082866.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter examines Ayurveda education in India and the reproduction of indigenous knowledge in a pluralist culture. The story of indigenous knowledge systems such as Ayurveda, especially in the ...
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This chapter examines Ayurveda education in India and the reproduction of indigenous knowledge in a pluralist culture. The story of indigenous knowledge systems such as Ayurveda, especially in the last century, has been one of power struggles resisting the authority, prestige, and the hegemonic tendencies of biomedicine, while selectively co-opting the rival’s therapeutic knowledge and practices in order to be relevant and contemporaneous. Today, Ayurvedic education both contests and collaborates with biomedicine, providing an interesting instance of simultaneous reproduction of plural knowledge systems. Contemporary Ayurvedic education raises several questions pertinent to sociology of education (SoE) in India. Having schooled in the biomedical sciences, how do students make the necessary cognitive shift into the Ayurvedic body of knowledge and its conceptual categories? How do modern Ayurveda colleges organize and realize these conceptual shifts and cultural transitions? The author analyses the role of culture in medicine and in education, and describes the educational and cultural processes of knowledge reproduction in the modern institutions of traditional medicine. This chapter also discusses the curricular and extra-curricular strategies used by Ayurveda colleges to address the marginalization of Ayurveda and the dominance of biomedicine. It also considers how Ayurvedic education contests the binaries between two knowledge systems and attempts to counter the power hierarchies ensuing from them.Less
This chapter examines Ayurveda education in India and the reproduction of indigenous knowledge in a pluralist culture. The story of indigenous knowledge systems such as Ayurveda, especially in the last century, has been one of power struggles resisting the authority, prestige, and the hegemonic tendencies of biomedicine, while selectively co-opting the rival’s therapeutic knowledge and practices in order to be relevant and contemporaneous. Today, Ayurvedic education both contests and collaborates with biomedicine, providing an interesting instance of simultaneous reproduction of plural knowledge systems. Contemporary Ayurvedic education raises several questions pertinent to sociology of education (SoE) in India. Having schooled in the biomedical sciences, how do students make the necessary cognitive shift into the Ayurvedic body of knowledge and its conceptual categories? How do modern Ayurveda colleges organize and realize these conceptual shifts and cultural transitions? The author analyses the role of culture in medicine and in education, and describes the educational and cultural processes of knowledge reproduction in the modern institutions of traditional medicine. This chapter also discusses the curricular and extra-curricular strategies used by Ayurveda colleges to address the marginalization of Ayurveda and the dominance of biomedicine. It also considers how Ayurvedic education contests the binaries between two knowledge systems and attempts to counter the power hierarchies ensuing from them.
Lilly Irani
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780691175140
- eISBN:
- 9780691189444
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691175140.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? This book shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and ...
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Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? This book shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and businesspeople frame development and governance as opportunities to innovate. The book documents the rise of “entrepreneurial citizenship” in India over the past seventy years, demonstrating how a global ethos of development through design has come to shape state policy, economic investment, and the middle class in one of the world's fastest-growing nations. The book chronicles the practices and mindsets that hold up professional design as the answer to the challenges of a country of more than one billion people, most of whom are poor. While discussions of entrepreneurial citizenship promise that Indian children can grow up to lead a nation aspiring to uplift the poor, in reality, social, economic, and political structures constrain whose enterprise, which hopes, and which needs can be seen as worthy of investment. In the process, the book warns, powerful investors, philanthropies, and companies exploit citizens' social relations, empathy, and political hope in the quest to generate economic value. The book argues that the move to recast social change as innovation, with innovators as heroes, frames others—craftspeople, workers, and activists—as of lower value, or even dangers to entrepreneurial forms of development. The book lays bare how long-standing power hierarchies such as class, caste, language, and colonialism continue to shape opportunity in a world where good ideas supposedly rule all.Less
Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? This book shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and businesspeople frame development and governance as opportunities to innovate. The book documents the rise of “entrepreneurial citizenship” in India over the past seventy years, demonstrating how a global ethos of development through design has come to shape state policy, economic investment, and the middle class in one of the world's fastest-growing nations. The book chronicles the practices and mindsets that hold up professional design as the answer to the challenges of a country of more than one billion people, most of whom are poor. While discussions of entrepreneurial citizenship promise that Indian children can grow up to lead a nation aspiring to uplift the poor, in reality, social, economic, and political structures constrain whose enterprise, which hopes, and which needs can be seen as worthy of investment. In the process, the book warns, powerful investors, philanthropies, and companies exploit citizens' social relations, empathy, and political hope in the quest to generate economic value. The book argues that the move to recast social change as innovation, with innovators as heroes, frames others—craftspeople, workers, and activists—as of lower value, or even dangers to entrepreneurial forms of development. The book lays bare how long-standing power hierarchies such as class, caste, language, and colonialism continue to shape opportunity in a world where good ideas supposedly rule all.
Subhadra Mitra Channa
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198079422
- eISBN:
- 9780199082261
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198079422.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This chapter discusses the various theoretical approaches to the concept of identity and makes clear what is meant by the ‘inner’ and ‘outer’ notions of self and how it is constructed in relation to ...
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This chapter discusses the various theoretical approaches to the concept of identity and makes clear what is meant by the ‘inner’ and ‘outer’ notions of self and how it is constructed in relation to ‘Others’, especially in the context of geo-political power hierarchies and spatial location. It shows how the notions of tribe and ethnic group have been understood in existing literature and how they need to be reconceptualized. There is a critique of the static and divisive definitions in favour of a more phenomenological, diffuse, and dynamic understanding of the social reality with specific reference to the particular community under study. It also compares the ethnography of similar communities studied on the Himalayan borders within the given discourse, thus strengthening the case for a flexible understanding of boundaries.Less
This chapter discusses the various theoretical approaches to the concept of identity and makes clear what is meant by the ‘inner’ and ‘outer’ notions of self and how it is constructed in relation to ‘Others’, especially in the context of geo-political power hierarchies and spatial location. It shows how the notions of tribe and ethnic group have been understood in existing literature and how they need to be reconceptualized. There is a critique of the static and divisive definitions in favour of a more phenomenological, diffuse, and dynamic understanding of the social reality with specific reference to the particular community under study. It also compares the ethnography of similar communities studied on the Himalayan borders within the given discourse, thus strengthening the case for a flexible understanding of boundaries.
Prathama Banerjee
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198082224
- eISBN:
- 9780199082452
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198082224.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter examines the works about the relevance of time and knowledge in Indian political thought by Indian academics. It analyses works that question the purity, priority, and universality of ...
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This chapter examines the works about the relevance of time and knowledge in Indian political thought by Indian academics. It analyses works that question the purity, priority, and universality of European modernity, and those that show the political entanglement of the discipline of history. It also evaluates research literature that investigates the idea of a singular world history governed by the logic of capitalism and those that sought to recover histories suppressed by the ‘nationalist temporal scheme’. This chapter also considers the distinctiveness of the experience of postcolonial societies and the entanglement of epistemologies and hierarchies of power.Less
This chapter examines the works about the relevance of time and knowledge in Indian political thought by Indian academics. It analyses works that question the purity, priority, and universality of European modernity, and those that show the political entanglement of the discipline of history. It also evaluates research literature that investigates the idea of a singular world history governed by the logic of capitalism and those that sought to recover histories suppressed by the ‘nationalist temporal scheme’. This chapter also considers the distinctiveness of the experience of postcolonial societies and the entanglement of epistemologies and hierarchies of power.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226675824
- eISBN:
- 9780226675855
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226675855.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter presents an excerpt of a personal account of the Haitian revolution during the year 1794. It describes how Jean Francois Papillon's black troops massacred the French whites in Fort ...
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This chapter presents an excerpt of a personal account of the Haitian revolution during the year 1794. It describes how Jean Francois Papillon's black troops massacred the French whites in Fort Dauphin in Cap Francais and the fate of the white Frenchwomen in the town that reflect the powerful white anxieties about this subject. This narrative also shows the inversion of racial power hierarchies during the revolution and the inability of white males to protect their own women while exploiting those of other races.Less
This chapter presents an excerpt of a personal account of the Haitian revolution during the year 1794. It describes how Jean Francois Papillon's black troops massacred the French whites in Fort Dauphin in Cap Francais and the fate of the white Frenchwomen in the town that reflect the powerful white anxieties about this subject. This narrative also shows the inversion of racial power hierarchies during the revolution and the inability of white males to protect their own women while exploiting those of other races.
