John Coolahan
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198217527
- eISBN:
- 9780191678240
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198217527.003.0025
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
In Ireland, the history of higher education in the twentieth century falls into a number of distinct periods. The first period corresponds to the years following the passing of the Irish Universities ...
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In Ireland, the history of higher education in the twentieth century falls into a number of distinct periods. The first period corresponds to the years following the passing of the Irish Universities Act of 1908 down to the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921. A second period dates from the treaty to the end of the Second World War in 1945. The postwar years to 1959 mark another era. A fourth period, from about 1960 to the early 1980s, was a time of great expansion and development. During the first three periods, the fortunes of the individual universities are followed within the general political and economic context. During the final era, higher education became much more diversified, greater public attention was focused on the issues, and the developments are best dealt with in a general, trans-institutional way.Less
In Ireland, the history of higher education in the twentieth century falls into a number of distinct periods. The first period corresponds to the years following the passing of the Irish Universities Act of 1908 down to the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921. A second period dates from the treaty to the end of the Second World War in 1945. The postwar years to 1959 mark another era. A fourth period, from about 1960 to the early 1980s, was a time of great expansion and development. During the first three periods, the fortunes of the individual universities are followed within the general political and economic context. During the final era, higher education became much more diversified, greater public attention was focused on the issues, and the developments are best dealt with in a general, trans-institutional way.
Norman Birnbaum
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195158595
- eISBN:
- 9780199849352
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195158595.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Eric Hobsbawm has characterized the postwar years of economic growth, the consolidation of democracy in Western Europe (and its extension to southern Europe), and the institutionalization of the ...
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Eric Hobsbawm has characterized the postwar years of economic growth, the consolidation of democracy in Western Europe (and its extension to southern Europe), and the institutionalization of the welfare state as the Golden Age. The difficulty with this characterization is that ages always appear more golden when they recede. The economic sources of the end of the Golden Age were several. One was that the enormous needs of the Western societies for social infrastructure, industrial investment, and consumer goods were so satisfied in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, that, by the 1970s, replacement alone would not do. New wants could not be generated in the public fast enough to stimulate new growth, no matter what the advertising industry did or said.Less
Eric Hobsbawm has characterized the postwar years of economic growth, the consolidation of democracy in Western Europe (and its extension to southern Europe), and the institutionalization of the welfare state as the Golden Age. The difficulty with this characterization is that ages always appear more golden when they recede. The economic sources of the end of the Golden Age were several. One was that the enormous needs of the Western societies for social infrastructure, industrial investment, and consumer goods were so satisfied in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, that, by the 1970s, replacement alone would not do. New wants could not be generated in the public fast enough to stimulate new growth, no matter what the advertising industry did or said.
Simon Partner
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520217928
- eISBN:
- 9780520923171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520217928.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It ...
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This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It explores the visions that established business leaders, bureaucrats, and entrepreneurs, as well as ordinary Japanese people, developed during the formative years of the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945–1952). The chapter explains that during these early postwar years, Japanese businessmen and others began quite consciously to search for the keys to the immense prosperity of the United States—a prosperity which was all the more tantalizing given its contrast with life in a Japan prostrate from defeat. It notes that although these visions were diverse and often contested, key protagonists in this story focused on a few common themes which were to unlock, for them, the gates to prosperity.Less
This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It explores the visions that established business leaders, bureaucrats, and entrepreneurs, as well as ordinary Japanese people, developed during the formative years of the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945–1952). The chapter explains that during these early postwar years, Japanese businessmen and others began quite consciously to search for the keys to the immense prosperity of the United States—a prosperity which was all the more tantalizing given its contrast with life in a Japan prostrate from defeat. It notes that although these visions were diverse and often contested, key protagonists in this story focused on a few common themes which were to unlock, for them, the gates to prosperity.
Simon Partner
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520217928
- eISBN:
- 9780520923171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520217928.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter argues that despite the gloomy economic conditions of the early postwar years, some entrepreneurs found immense business opportunities in the emerging new technologies of mass ...
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This chapter argues that despite the gloomy economic conditions of the early postwar years, some entrepreneurs found immense business opportunities in the emerging new technologies of mass communication. One man in particular—Shōriki Matsutarō, a newspaper magnate who well understood the power and profitability of the media—forged alliances with politicians, bureaucrats, and investors to bring television to Japan much sooner than conventional economic logic would have suggested. In doing so, he both formed a new industry and contributed to the transformation of Japanese society.Less
This chapter argues that despite the gloomy economic conditions of the early postwar years, some entrepreneurs found immense business opportunities in the emerging new technologies of mass communication. One man in particular—Shōriki Matsutarō, a newspaper magnate who well understood the power and profitability of the media—forged alliances with politicians, bureaucrats, and investors to bring television to Japan much sooner than conventional economic logic would have suggested. In doing so, he both formed a new industry and contributed to the transformation of Japanese society.
Rebecca Onion
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469629476
- eISBN:
- 9781469629490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469629476.003.0004
- Subject:
- Education, History of Education
The Science Talent Search, started by the Westinghouse Corporation in 1942, aimed to identify and support the most scientifically talented young people in their senior classes. This chapter uses the ...
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The Science Talent Search, started by the Westinghouse Corporation in 1942, aimed to identify and support the most scientifically talented young people in their senior classes. This chapter uses the archive of the Science Talent Search to argue that in the postwar years, the adults who ran the contest were invested in depicting scientifically interested young people as both “normal” and exceptional.Less
The Science Talent Search, started by the Westinghouse Corporation in 1942, aimed to identify and support the most scientifically talented young people in their senior classes. This chapter uses the archive of the Science Talent Search to argue that in the postwar years, the adults who ran the contest were invested in depicting scientifically interested young people as both “normal” and exceptional.
Patryk Babiracki
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469620893
- eISBN:
- 9781469623085
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469620893.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines the Soviet-Polish negotiations over the terms of cultural initiatives in the immediate postwar years. In their approach to Polish culture, the Soviets displayed a mélange of ...
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This chapter examines the Soviet-Polish negotiations over the terms of cultural initiatives in the immediate postwar years. In their approach to Polish culture, the Soviets displayed a mélange of aggressive overtures, tactful involvement, and plain inaction. On the whole, the mid-level Soviet officials and cultural figures often mixed the desire to intervene with the prudent impulse to disengage. Thus, the Soviets' approach frequently contributed to the confusion about the future of Soviet-Polish cultural relations. But the Poles' resulting disorientation mixed with a potent postwar optimism. Their perceived sense of open ground easily fostered hopes that a Soviet-Polish modus vivendi in the cultural sphere could be sustained. In this way, cultural cooperation had a hopeful start in Poland after the war.Less
This chapter examines the Soviet-Polish negotiations over the terms of cultural initiatives in the immediate postwar years. In their approach to Polish culture, the Soviets displayed a mélange of aggressive overtures, tactful involvement, and plain inaction. On the whole, the mid-level Soviet officials and cultural figures often mixed the desire to intervene with the prudent impulse to disengage. Thus, the Soviets' approach frequently contributed to the confusion about the future of Soviet-Polish cultural relations. But the Poles' resulting disorientation mixed with a potent postwar optimism. Their perceived sense of open ground easily fostered hopes that a Soviet-Polish modus vivendi in the cultural sphere could be sustained. In this way, cultural cooperation had a hopeful start in Poland after the war.
Jerry Zolten
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195152722
- eISBN:
- 9780199849536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195152722.003.0005
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
The years after World War II were glory days for African American gospel as inventive performers started seriously to build on tradition. An overall healthy economy spawned thriving record and radio ...
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The years after World War II were glory days for African American gospel as inventive performers started seriously to build on tradition. An overall healthy economy spawned thriving record and radio industries as more slots on the radio dial were allotted to the entire spectrum of black music from jazz to blues to gospel. By the late 1940s, urban radio stations were beginning to introduce programs hosted by and directed to African Americans—although anyone could and did tune in. The Dixie Hummingbirds adapted to new postwar tastes and styles through personnel changes and the maturation of Ira Tucker as a lead singer, songwriter, and arranger.Less
The years after World War II were glory days for African American gospel as inventive performers started seriously to build on tradition. An overall healthy economy spawned thriving record and radio industries as more slots on the radio dial were allotted to the entire spectrum of black music from jazz to blues to gospel. By the late 1940s, urban radio stations were beginning to introduce programs hosted by and directed to African Americans—although anyone could and did tune in. The Dixie Hummingbirds adapted to new postwar tastes and styles through personnel changes and the maturation of Ira Tucker as a lead singer, songwriter, and arranger.
Patricia Lim
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099906
- eISBN:
- 9789882207714
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099906.003.0029
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter illustrates stories of the Second World War that are important to the history of the Hong Kong Cemetery. It discusses other events that happened during the postwar years, such as the ...
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This chapter illustrates stories of the Second World War that are important to the history of the Hong Kong Cemetery. It discusses other events that happened during the postwar years, such as the discovery of unknown male bodies and the story of Cyril Wild, who had detailed knowledge of Japanese behavior towards the prisoners-of-war. It also looks at the Pearl River Incident and the final rearrangements made in the Hong Kong Cemetery in 1976.Less
This chapter illustrates stories of the Second World War that are important to the history of the Hong Kong Cemetery. It discusses other events that happened during the postwar years, such as the discovery of unknown male bodies and the story of Cyril Wild, who had detailed knowledge of Japanese behavior towards the prisoners-of-war. It also looks at the Pearl River Incident and the final rearrangements made in the Hong Kong Cemetery in 1976.
Laurence Senelick and Sergei Ostrovsky
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780300194760
- eISBN:
- 9780300211351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300194760.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter describes events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1946 to 1953. In the postwar period, authors and theaters were called on to represent in their plays and their shows the ...
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This chapter describes events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1946 to 1953. In the postwar period, authors and theaters were called on to represent in their plays and their shows the life of Soviet society in its “uninterrupted movement forward”, to contribute in every way to the ulterior evolution of the best features in the character of the Soviet man, those features which appeared with particular strength during the “Great Patriotic War.” This involved the vilification of all things bourgeois and the glorification of all things Soviet, particularly Stalin. The Ministry of Culture also took control of theaters in the country. The functions of the artistic director came to an end in 1949, being replaced by the chief producer, usually a political boss with little or no knowledge of the theater.Less
This chapter describes events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1946 to 1953. In the postwar period, authors and theaters were called on to represent in their plays and their shows the life of Soviet society in its “uninterrupted movement forward”, to contribute in every way to the ulterior evolution of the best features in the character of the Soviet man, those features which appeared with particular strength during the “Great Patriotic War.” This involved the vilification of all things bourgeois and the glorification of all things Soviet, particularly Stalin. The Ministry of Culture also took control of theaters in the country. The functions of the artistic director came to an end in 1949, being replaced by the chief producer, usually a political boss with little or no knowledge of the theater.
James Wierzbicki
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040078
- eISBN:
- 9780252098277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040078.003.0010
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
This chapter focuses on the concept of “maverick,” a term as American as the Stars and Stripes that the notion of the “maverick composer” is likewise unique to the United States. An important handful ...
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This chapter focuses on the concept of “maverick,” a term as American as the Stars and Stripes that the notion of the “maverick composer” is likewise unique to the United States. An important handful of American composers in the postwar years demonstrated a comparable lack of interest not in music but in the traditional business of music-making. As much as they could, they avoided the universities that supported so many of the modernists. They avoided, too, the opera companies and symphony orchestras that through commissions and performances supported so many of the mainstreamers. Occasionally, they banded together in collectives whose members pursued similar goals and thus were mutually influential. However, most of the time, the maverick composers of the Fifties marched to the beats of very different drummers.Less
This chapter focuses on the concept of “maverick,” a term as American as the Stars and Stripes that the notion of the “maverick composer” is likewise unique to the United States. An important handful of American composers in the postwar years demonstrated a comparable lack of interest not in music but in the traditional business of music-making. As much as they could, they avoided the universities that supported so many of the modernists. They avoided, too, the opera companies and symphony orchestras that through commissions and performances supported so many of the mainstreamers. Occasionally, they banded together in collectives whose members pursued similar goals and thus were mutually influential. However, most of the time, the maverick composers of the Fifties marched to the beats of very different drummers.
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804756662
- eISBN:
- 9780804770965
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804756662.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter discusses the emergence of the new enemy in the early postwar years. In the fall of 1945 the hopes of United States civilians and military leaders for a continuing period of peace were ...
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This chapter discusses the emergence of the new enemy in the early postwar years. In the fall of 1945 the hopes of United States civilians and military leaders for a continuing period of peace were dashed by events in Europe and Asia. As the Soviet Union moved ever farther away from its wartime partnership with its Western Allies and began staking out its national interests more boldly in areas beyond its immediate military sway, the American interpretation of Soviet actions began changing from a neutral stance to a highly negative one. The Joint Chiefs of Staff started viewing the Soviet Union as a potential enemy and took actions accordingly. American war planning in the early postwar years was halting and somewhat disparate, as military staff officers tried to adjust their wartime concepts to the changing international situation and the likely effects of new weapon technologies such as the atomic bomb. Nonetheless, this planning increased in sophistication during the latter part of 1947, even though its focus shifted increasingly toward an overwhelming reliance on the employment of atomic weapons.Less
This chapter discusses the emergence of the new enemy in the early postwar years. In the fall of 1945 the hopes of United States civilians and military leaders for a continuing period of peace were dashed by events in Europe and Asia. As the Soviet Union moved ever farther away from its wartime partnership with its Western Allies and began staking out its national interests more boldly in areas beyond its immediate military sway, the American interpretation of Soviet actions began changing from a neutral stance to a highly negative one. The Joint Chiefs of Staff started viewing the Soviet Union as a potential enemy and took actions accordingly. American war planning in the early postwar years was halting and somewhat disparate, as military staff officers tried to adjust their wartime concepts to the changing international situation and the likely effects of new weapon technologies such as the atomic bomb. Nonetheless, this planning increased in sophistication during the latter part of 1947, even though its focus shifted increasingly toward an overwhelming reliance on the employment of atomic weapons.
Peter Mandler
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300187854
- eISBN:
- 9780300189704
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300187854.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter discusses how there is a certain amount of difficulty in examining the Russians' national character during the postwar years. Margaret Mead knew of this, just as much as she tried to ...
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This chapter discusses how there is a certain amount of difficulty in examining the Russians' national character during the postwar years. Margaret Mead knew of this, just as much as she tried to avoid the analysis of both German and Japanese cultures. During the postwar years, the Russians were the foreign culture that the Americans most needed and want to know. If anthropology were to show its usefulness to international relations, it must then show something cultural about the Russians that other analyses could not possibly offer. Such analyses for the Russian culture would prove to be dangerous, as they could be used to provoke hostile responses from both the military and the government.Less
This chapter discusses how there is a certain amount of difficulty in examining the Russians' national character during the postwar years. Margaret Mead knew of this, just as much as she tried to avoid the analysis of both German and Japanese cultures. During the postwar years, the Russians were the foreign culture that the Americans most needed and want to know. If anthropology were to show its usefulness to international relations, it must then show something cultural about the Russians that other analyses could not possibly offer. Such analyses for the Russian culture would prove to be dangerous, as they could be used to provoke hostile responses from both the military and the government.
Stephen Meyer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040054
- eISBN:
- 9780252098253
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040054.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This concluding chapter examines the changing work environments in the automotive industry after World War II, and traces the evolution of manhood in the postwar years. It argues that, despite ...
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This concluding chapter examines the changing work environments in the automotive industry after World War II, and traces the evolution of manhood in the postwar years. It argues that, despite incredible reshaping, the workplace problems of automobile workers after World War II remained much the same as existed at the time of the mass-production revolution. In the postwar years, the problems of technology, race, and gender persisted and in some instances even got much worse—postwar improvements in mechanization and automation meant that workers had to match the pace of more sophisticated technology. In addition, industrial unions brought the most dramatic changes in the relations between workers and managers.Less
This concluding chapter examines the changing work environments in the automotive industry after World War II, and traces the evolution of manhood in the postwar years. It argues that, despite incredible reshaping, the workplace problems of automobile workers after World War II remained much the same as existed at the time of the mass-production revolution. In the postwar years, the problems of technology, race, and gender persisted and in some instances even got much worse—postwar improvements in mechanization and automation meant that workers had to match the pace of more sophisticated technology. In addition, industrial unions brought the most dramatic changes in the relations between workers and managers.
James Wierzbicki
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040078
- eISBN:
- 9780252098277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040078.003.0011
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
This concluding chapter urges readers to reflect on how American music from the Fifties is received today. Historians have described America's postwar years in various monikers: the age of doubt, the ...
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This concluding chapter urges readers to reflect on how American music from the Fifties is received today. Historians have described America's postwar years in various monikers: the age of doubt, the age of abundance, the proud decade, and the decade of fear. According to a 1972 article in Newsweek magazine, they were “The Fabulous Fifties,” a simple decade when “hip was hep and good was boss.” In America, the long decade of the Fifties was all of that. Even as it transpired, astute observers of human behavior noted the period's seemingly opposite trends. It can be argued that it is precisely these paradoxes—the national pride in America's wartime triumph versus a collective doubt about the nation's future directions—that gives the Fifties its special frisson.Less
This concluding chapter urges readers to reflect on how American music from the Fifties is received today. Historians have described America's postwar years in various monikers: the age of doubt, the age of abundance, the proud decade, and the decade of fear. According to a 1972 article in Newsweek magazine, they were “The Fabulous Fifties,” a simple decade when “hip was hep and good was boss.” In America, the long decade of the Fifties was all of that. Even as it transpired, astute observers of human behavior noted the period's seemingly opposite trends. It can be argued that it is precisely these paradoxes—the national pride in America's wartime triumph versus a collective doubt about the nation's future directions—that gives the Fifties its special frisson.
Tula A. Connell
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039904
- eISBN:
- 9780252098062
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039904.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This chapter underlines the role of anti-unionism in challenges to the New Deal consensus, further highlighting the influence of economic conservatism in the immediate postwar years. New Deal-era ...
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This chapter underlines the role of anti-unionism in challenges to the New Deal consensus, further highlighting the influence of economic conservatism in the immediate postwar years. New Deal-era laws increased workers' ability to form unions and set a minimum wage for many workers, fueling an economic prosperity that by the 1950s had created the century's narrowest income gap between the wealthy and middle-income workers. Corporate and conservative interests had challenged these laws from the start, and many emerged from World War II motivated by a renewed determination to slow labor's growing momentum and return workplace economics to the private sector.Less
This chapter underlines the role of anti-unionism in challenges to the New Deal consensus, further highlighting the influence of economic conservatism in the immediate postwar years. New Deal-era laws increased workers' ability to form unions and set a minimum wage for many workers, fueling an economic prosperity that by the 1950s had created the century's narrowest income gap between the wealthy and middle-income workers. Corporate and conservative interests had challenged these laws from the start, and many emerged from World War II motivated by a renewed determination to slow labor's growing momentum and return workplace economics to the private sector.
Wing Chung Ng
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039119
- eISBN:
- 9780252097096
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039119.003.0010
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This concluding chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. This study constructed a three-part narrative to chronicle the rise of Cantonese opera. At the outset, much information ...
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This concluding chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. This study constructed a three-part narrative to chronicle the rise of Cantonese opera. At the outset, much information on the latter half of the nineteenth century is provided, and the imperial period also is covered as additional background, but the principal time frame is the early part of the twentieth century. A key finding of this study is the resilience of the opera community and how it managed to find ways to tap into the underlying appeal of a plebeian theater and to make difficult adjustments in logistics and other long-held conventions in order to stay afloat and rebound. The changes made during the 1920s and early 1930s continued a larger process of ongoing evolution and showcased the remarkable adaptive capacity of Cantonese opera. They also underscore the tremendous resilience of the opera community band its art in facing the severe disruptions and dislocation caused by the Sino- Japanese War and even greater uncertainties in the ensuing postwar years.Less
This concluding chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. This study constructed a three-part narrative to chronicle the rise of Cantonese opera. At the outset, much information on the latter half of the nineteenth century is provided, and the imperial period also is covered as additional background, but the principal time frame is the early part of the twentieth century. A key finding of this study is the resilience of the opera community and how it managed to find ways to tap into the underlying appeal of a plebeian theater and to make difficult adjustments in logistics and other long-held conventions in order to stay afloat and rebound. The changes made during the 1920s and early 1930s continued a larger process of ongoing evolution and showcased the remarkable adaptive capacity of Cantonese opera. They also underscore the tremendous resilience of the opera community band its art in facing the severe disruptions and dislocation caused by the Sino- Japanese War and even greater uncertainties in the ensuing postwar years.
Mark Wahlgren Summers
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781469617572
- eISBN:
- 9781469617596
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469617572.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
This chapter considers expansionism in the postwar years. The Civil War strengthened American power and demonstrated its potential for expansion. However, because of its costs and sacrifices, never ...
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This chapter considers expansionism in the postwar years. The Civil War strengthened American power and demonstrated its potential for expansion. However, because of its costs and sacrifices, never had the constraints against actually doing anything been so compelling: financial, military, and political. While race and Reconstruction played a large part in adding to the distaste Americans felt for new annexations, they were not the only force, nor indeed the most important.Less
This chapter considers expansionism in the postwar years. The Civil War strengthened American power and demonstrated its potential for expansion. However, because of its costs and sacrifices, never had the constraints against actually doing anything been so compelling: financial, military, and political. While race and Reconstruction played a large part in adding to the distaste Americans felt for new annexations, they were not the only force, nor indeed the most important.
David Damrosch
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780691134994
- eISBN:
- 9780691201283
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691134994.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter discusses the comparatists who reshaped the comparative literature in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s. It mentions Anna Balakian, who became a leading figure in both the ...
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This chapter discusses the comparatists who reshaped the comparative literature in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s. It mentions Anna Balakian, who became a leading figure in both the American and International Comparative Literature Associations. It also describes Anna and her family's emigration in 1921 from Turkey to western Europe and eventually to the United States. The chapter analyzes how comparatists sought to change the world in the postwar years, a time of rapid expansion in higher education and optimism about America's role in fostering international cooperation and understanding. It also focuses on the need of politics of comparative studies to have a dual focus on institutional politics, a wider political scene, and a postcolonial perspective.Less
This chapter discusses the comparatists who reshaped the comparative literature in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s. It mentions Anna Balakian, who became a leading figure in both the American and International Comparative Literature Associations. It also describes Anna and her family's emigration in 1921 from Turkey to western Europe and eventually to the United States. The chapter analyzes how comparatists sought to change the world in the postwar years, a time of rapid expansion in higher education and optimism about America's role in fostering international cooperation and understanding. It also focuses on the need of politics of comparative studies to have a dual focus on institutional politics, a wider political scene, and a postcolonial perspective.
Morton Keller and Phyllis Keller
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780195144574
- eISBN:
- 9780197561829
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780195144574.003.0014
- Subject:
- Education, History of Education
on New Year’s Day 1953, James Bryant Conant made known his intention to resign, effective January 23—all of three weeks later. In June the Corporation ...
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on New Year’s Day 1953, James Bryant Conant made known his intention to resign, effective January 23—all of three weeks later. In June the Corporation announced his successor: forty-six-year-old Nathan Marsh Pusey, the president of Lawrence College in Appleton, Wisconsin. Why this wholly unexpected choice? Who was Pusey, and what did he offer Harvard? He came from an old New England family transplanted to Iowa, graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1928, earned a Harvard Ph.D. in Classics in 1935, went off to stints of college teaching at Lawrence, Scripps, and Wesleyan, and in 1944 returned to Lawrence to become its president. This was a small, highly regarded college in Wisconsin, founded in 1847, with strong New England roots. Pusey did well there, recruiting able faculty and taking a public stand against Appleton native Joseph McCarthy when that sinister figure began to hack his way through American politics. All respectable enough; and, it appears, sufficient to secure Pusey a place on the short list of candidates. But enough to make him Harvard’s twenty-fourth president? Lawrence board chairman William Buchanan reported that Pusey had done little fund-raising for the college, and noted his cool personality and lack of popularity with students despite his manifest skill as a teacher. Another member of the Lawrence board doubted that Pusey had the administrative ability required by the Harvard presidency: “He is stubborn and uncompromising.” More weighty was Carnegie Corporation vice president (and Harvard president wannabe) John Gardner’s “serious doubts that he would have the particular leathery quality required to take on the great administrative job which Harvard is.” But positive views substantially outweighed these reservations. An Episcopal church source reported: “Pusey is stubborn at times but it is always a stubbornness on matters of principle and not with respect to his biases.” Another who knew him well said: “He is all mind, character, and perception. He is no promoter. . . . He is as firm as iron. He always succeeds in getting what he wants done. . . . His religion is top flight 100 percent all wool and a yard wide Episcopalian.”
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on New Year’s Day 1953, James Bryant Conant made known his intention to resign, effective January 23—all of three weeks later. In June the Corporation announced his successor: forty-six-year-old Nathan Marsh Pusey, the president of Lawrence College in Appleton, Wisconsin. Why this wholly unexpected choice? Who was Pusey, and what did he offer Harvard? He came from an old New England family transplanted to Iowa, graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1928, earned a Harvard Ph.D. in Classics in 1935, went off to stints of college teaching at Lawrence, Scripps, and Wesleyan, and in 1944 returned to Lawrence to become its president. This was a small, highly regarded college in Wisconsin, founded in 1847, with strong New England roots. Pusey did well there, recruiting able faculty and taking a public stand against Appleton native Joseph McCarthy when that sinister figure began to hack his way through American politics. All respectable enough; and, it appears, sufficient to secure Pusey a place on the short list of candidates. But enough to make him Harvard’s twenty-fourth president? Lawrence board chairman William Buchanan reported that Pusey had done little fund-raising for the college, and noted his cool personality and lack of popularity with students despite his manifest skill as a teacher. Another member of the Lawrence board doubted that Pusey had the administrative ability required by the Harvard presidency: “He is stubborn and uncompromising.” More weighty was Carnegie Corporation vice president (and Harvard president wannabe) John Gardner’s “serious doubts that he would have the particular leathery quality required to take on the great administrative job which Harvard is.” But positive views substantially outweighed these reservations. An Episcopal church source reported: “Pusey is stubborn at times but it is always a stubbornness on matters of principle and not with respect to his biases.” Another who knew him well said: “He is all mind, character, and perception. He is no promoter. . . . He is as firm as iron. He always succeeds in getting what he wants done. . . . His religion is top flight 100 percent all wool and a yard wide Episcopalian.”