Gavin Mooney
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199235971
- eISBN:
- 9780191717086
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235971.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare
This book mounts a critique of current health economics and provides a new way of looking at the economics of health and health care. It argues that health economics has been too dominated by the ...
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This book mounts a critique of current health economics and provides a new way of looking at the economics of health and health care. It argues that health economics has been too dominated by the economics of health care and has largely ignored the impact of poverty, inequality, poor housing, and lack of education on health. It is suggested that some of the structural issues of economies, particularly the individualism of neo liberalism which is becoming more and more pervasive across the globe, need to be addressed in health economics. The book instead proposes a form of collective decision making through communitarianism, placing value on participation in public life and on institutions, such as health care. It is envisaged this form of decision making can be used at the local, national, or global levels. For the last, this would mean a major revamp of global institutions like the World Bank and the IMF. Examples of the impact of the new paradigm on health policy in general but also more specifically on priority setting and equity are included.Less
This book mounts a critique of current health economics and provides a new way of looking at the economics of health and health care. It argues that health economics has been too dominated by the economics of health care and has largely ignored the impact of poverty, inequality, poor housing, and lack of education on health. It is suggested that some of the structural issues of economies, particularly the individualism of neo liberalism which is becoming more and more pervasive across the globe, need to be addressed in health economics. The book instead proposes a form of collective decision making through communitarianism, placing value on participation in public life and on institutions, such as health care. It is envisaged this form of decision making can be used at the local, national, or global levels. For the last, this would mean a major revamp of global institutions like the World Bank and the IMF. Examples of the impact of the new paradigm on health policy in general but also more specifically on priority setting and equity are included.
Tony Atkinson, Bea Cantillon, Eric Marlier, and Brian Nolan
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199253494
- eISBN:
- 9780191595882
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253498.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare
Social indicators are an important tool for evaluating a country's level of social development and for assessing the impact of policy. Such indicators are already in use in investigating poverty and ...
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Social indicators are an important tool for evaluating a country's level of social development and for assessing the impact of policy. Such indicators are already in use in investigating poverty and social exclusion in several European countries and have begun to play a significant role in advancing the social dimension of the EU as a whole. The purpose of this book is to make a scientific contribution to the development of social indicators for the purposes of European policy‐making. It considers the principles underlying the construction of policy‐relevant indicators, the definition of indicators, and the issues that arise in their implementation, including that of the statistical data required. It seeks to bring together theoretical and methodological methods in the measurement of poverty/social exclusion with the empirical practice of social policy. The experience of member states is reviewed, including an assessment of the National Action Plans on Social Inclusion submitted for the first time in June 2001 by the 15 EU governments. The key areas covered by the book are poverty, including its intensity and persistence, income inequality, non‐monetary deprivation, low educational attainment, unemployment, joblessness, poor health, poor housing and homelessness, functional illiteracy and innumeracy, and restricted social participation. In each case, the book assesses the strengths and weaknesses of different indicators relevant to social inclusion in the EU, and makes recommendations for the indicators to be employed. The book is based on a report prepared at the request of the Belgian government, as part of the Belgian presidency of the Council of the EU in the second half of 2001, and presented at a conference on ‘Indicators for Social Inclusion: Making Common EU Objectives Work’ held at Antwerp on 14–15 Sept 2001.Less
Social indicators are an important tool for evaluating a country's level of social development and for assessing the impact of policy. Such indicators are already in use in investigating poverty and social exclusion in several European countries and have begun to play a significant role in advancing the social dimension of the EU as a whole. The purpose of this book is to make a scientific contribution to the development of social indicators for the purposes of European policy‐making. It considers the principles underlying the construction of policy‐relevant indicators, the definition of indicators, and the issues that arise in their implementation, including that of the statistical data required. It seeks to bring together theoretical and methodological methods in the measurement of poverty/social exclusion with the empirical practice of social policy. The experience of member states is reviewed, including an assessment of the National Action Plans on Social Inclusion submitted for the first time in June 2001 by the 15 EU governments. The key areas covered by the book are poverty, including its intensity and persistence, income inequality, non‐monetary deprivation, low educational attainment, unemployment, joblessness, poor health, poor housing and homelessness, functional illiteracy and innumeracy, and restricted social participation. In each case, the book assesses the strengths and weaknesses of different indicators relevant to social inclusion in the EU, and makes recommendations for the indicators to be employed. The book is based on a report prepared at the request of the Belgian government, as part of the Belgian presidency of the Council of the EU in the second half of 2001, and presented at a conference on ‘Indicators for Social Inclusion: Making Common EU Objectives Work’ held at Antwerp on 14–15 Sept 2001.
Deborah Quilgars
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847428370
- eISBN:
- 9781447304005
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847428370.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter reviews the nature of poor housing and the type of housing that children, and particularly poor children, currently live in, and the potential impacts of poor housing on the lives of ...
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This chapter reviews the nature of poor housing and the type of housing that children, and particularly poor children, currently live in, and the potential impacts of poor housing on the lives of children. The scale of homelessness affecting families and young people, and its impact on their lives are addressed. It also explores the evidence on poor neighbourhoods and children. Housing conditions have significantly enhanced over time and households with children per se do not tend to live in poorer housing than others. Data on homelessness in the UK shows some reductions in recorded homelessness in recent years in England and Wales, although not in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The available evidence suggests that the effects of poor housing and homelessness on children may be considerable, although new evidence indicates that the circumstances leading up to homelessness may have a greater impact on children than living in temporary accommodation.Less
This chapter reviews the nature of poor housing and the type of housing that children, and particularly poor children, currently live in, and the potential impacts of poor housing on the lives of children. The scale of homelessness affecting families and young people, and its impact on their lives are addressed. It also explores the evidence on poor neighbourhoods and children. Housing conditions have significantly enhanced over time and households with children per se do not tend to live in poorer housing than others. Data on homelessness in the UK shows some reductions in recorded homelessness in recent years in England and Wales, although not in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The available evidence suggests that the effects of poor housing and homelessness on children may be considerable, although new evidence indicates that the circumstances leading up to homelessness may have a greater impact on children than living in temporary accommodation.
R. P. STEPHEN DAVIS, PATRICIA M. SAMFORD, and ELIZABETH A. JONES
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034225
- eISBN:
- 9780813039602
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034225.003.0008
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
The University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill is the oldest public-supported institution of higher learning in the United States. Since 1991, archaeologists at the Research Laboratories of ...
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The University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill is the oldest public-supported institution of higher learning in the United States. Since 1991, archaeologists at the Research Laboratories of Archaeology have conducted numerous archaeological investigations on its campus. These investigations have included archaeological surveys, site testing, monitoring of ongoing construction projects, and full-scale excavations. This chapter describes the results of excavations undertaken during the 1990s at two archaeological sites on the UNC campus. The Graham Memorial site, where a tavern and hotel stood from the mid-1790s until 1921, offers a perspective on one of Chapel Hill's first businesses that catered to university visitors and also provided room and board for students. The nearby Pettigrew site was the location of two successive buildings that also served student housing needs: the Poor House and later the Phi Delta Theta fraternity house.Less
The University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill is the oldest public-supported institution of higher learning in the United States. Since 1991, archaeologists at the Research Laboratories of Archaeology have conducted numerous archaeological investigations on its campus. These investigations have included archaeological surveys, site testing, monitoring of ongoing construction projects, and full-scale excavations. This chapter describes the results of excavations undertaken during the 1990s at two archaeological sites on the UNC campus. The Graham Memorial site, where a tavern and hotel stood from the mid-1790s until 1921, offers a perspective on one of Chapel Hill's first businesses that catered to university visitors and also provided room and board for students. The nearby Pettigrew site was the location of two successive buildings that also served student housing needs: the Poor House and later the Phi Delta Theta fraternity house.
Peter Robson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748640195
- eISBN:
- 9780748651498
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748640195.003.0024
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter assesses what the Scottish Parliament has achieved in the area of housing. Legislation in relation to housing has been a major part of the work of the Holyrood legislature. There have ...
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This chapter assesses what the Scottish Parliament has achieved in the area of housing. Legislation in relation to housing has been a major part of the work of the Holyrood legislature. There have been no fewer than three major pieces of legislation focusing solely on housing, as well as housing featuring significantly in three other Acts. Indeed, one of the first pieces of legislation to reach the statute books from the new Scottish Parliament was the Housing (Scotland) Act 2001 and, at the time of writing, a Housing (Scotland) Act is likely to be passed in 2010. Looking, then, at the overall picture of the law, policy and economics of housing in this era, it is possible to make some kind of initial judgment on the first decade of housing under devolution. In crude terms, the lot of those in Scotland who are homeless, in poor-quality housing or suffering from absentee landlords is probably better than their equivalents in England and Wales over the first decade of the twenty-first century. However, the effectiveness of the changes continues to lie in the level of resources devoted to them and, what happens on the ground in the lives of badly housed or homeless citizens depends not on what powers are enshrined in statute but on whether financial resources make these provisions meaningful.Less
This chapter assesses what the Scottish Parliament has achieved in the area of housing. Legislation in relation to housing has been a major part of the work of the Holyrood legislature. There have been no fewer than three major pieces of legislation focusing solely on housing, as well as housing featuring significantly in three other Acts. Indeed, one of the first pieces of legislation to reach the statute books from the new Scottish Parliament was the Housing (Scotland) Act 2001 and, at the time of writing, a Housing (Scotland) Act is likely to be passed in 2010. Looking, then, at the overall picture of the law, policy and economics of housing in this era, it is possible to make some kind of initial judgment on the first decade of housing under devolution. In crude terms, the lot of those in Scotland who are homeless, in poor-quality housing or suffering from absentee landlords is probably better than their equivalents in England and Wales over the first decade of the twenty-first century. However, the effectiveness of the changes continues to lie in the level of resources devoted to them and, what happens on the ground in the lives of badly housed or homeless citizens depends not on what powers are enshrined in statute but on whether financial resources make these provisions meaningful.
John E. Murray
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226924090
- eISBN:
- 9780226924106
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226924106.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Social History
One of the problems faced by the Charleston Orphan House and its residents was health. Situated on the northern edge of a city characterized by unhealthful conditions, the orphanage witnessed the ...
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One of the problems faced by the Charleston Orphan House and its residents was health. Situated on the northern edge of a city characterized by unhealthful conditions, the orphanage witnessed the children suffer diseases such as cholera and whooping cough. These were the same diseases that plagued the other children in Charleston regardless of color or ethnicity. Stricken children received medical care derived from contemporary ideas on etiology and therapeutics, including vaccination against smallpox. This chapter focuses on the history of health and medicine in the Charleston Orphan House and how it reflects and illuminates the state of both in the country in general and the city in particular. It also examines the conflict between the Orphan House and the Poor House in connection with the health of entering children.Less
One of the problems faced by the Charleston Orphan House and its residents was health. Situated on the northern edge of a city characterized by unhealthful conditions, the orphanage witnessed the children suffer diseases such as cholera and whooping cough. These were the same diseases that plagued the other children in Charleston regardless of color or ethnicity. Stricken children received medical care derived from contemporary ideas on etiology and therapeutics, including vaccination against smallpox. This chapter focuses on the history of health and medicine in the Charleston Orphan House and how it reflects and illuminates the state of both in the country in general and the city in particular. It also examines the conflict between the Orphan House and the Poor House in connection with the health of entering children.
Deborah Quilgars
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447325628
- eISBN:
- 9781447325659
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447325628.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter examines the extent to which children live in poor housing and environments, including experiencing homelessness, in the UK. We do not need research to know that children cannot flourish ...
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This chapter examines the extent to which children live in poor housing and environments, including experiencing homelessness, in the UK. We do not need research to know that children cannot flourish to their full potential if they live in insecure, cramped, damp or dangerous housing or live in environments characterised by noise, crime and pollution. While robust studies are few, reviews conclude that the cumulative evidence of many, often smaller, studies demonstrates a link between poor housing and poorer children’s well-being, particularly in terms of impacts on health (Shaw, 2004; Quilgars, 2011; Barnes et al, 2013), as well as longer-term poorer outcomes into adulthood (Marsh et al, 1999). There is also evidence that housing circumstances (such as cost, condition and location) can mitigate the effects of poverty (Tunstall et al, 2013). This chapter begins by reviewing the nature of poor housing in the UK before examining the scale of homelessness affecting families and young people. A third section examines the evidence on poor neighbourhoods and children.Less
This chapter examines the extent to which children live in poor housing and environments, including experiencing homelessness, in the UK. We do not need research to know that children cannot flourish to their full potential if they live in insecure, cramped, damp or dangerous housing or live in environments characterised by noise, crime and pollution. While robust studies are few, reviews conclude that the cumulative evidence of many, often smaller, studies demonstrates a link between poor housing and poorer children’s well-being, particularly in terms of impacts on health (Shaw, 2004; Quilgars, 2011; Barnes et al, 2013), as well as longer-term poorer outcomes into adulthood (Marsh et al, 1999). There is also evidence that housing circumstances (such as cost, condition and location) can mitigate the effects of poverty (Tunstall et al, 2013). This chapter begins by reviewing the nature of poor housing in the UK before examining the scale of homelessness affecting families and young people. A third section examines the evidence on poor neighbourhoods and children.
Michael D. Stein and Sandro Galea
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- April 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780197510384
- eISBN:
- 9780197510414
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197510384.003.0043
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter explores the importance of housing for public health. There are ample data linking poor housing conditions to a broad range of infectious diseases, chronic diseases, injuries, childhood ...
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This chapter explores the importance of housing for public health. There are ample data linking poor housing conditions to a broad range of infectious diseases, chronic diseases, injuries, childhood development and nutrition issues, and mental health concerns. In addition, the burden of poor housing is not distributed evenly across populations. Families with fewer resources are likelier to live in unhealthy homes, and they are less likely to be able to improve the condition of their living situations. Moreover, high housing costs often put families and individuals in the position of having to trade between healthy housing and other basic necessities, such as food or medication. Structural forces perpetuate housing inequities. Landlords and real estate agents have contributed to racial/ethnic segregation by blocking minorities from moving to predominately white neighborhoods, which often leads to the exclusion of minorities from high-quality housing, schools, and other public services. Further, predominantly minority communities receive less investment from lenders to improve housing quality and neighborhood environments. Thus, improving housing must mean improving housing equity, so that all can access the benefits of having a safe, healthy place to live.Less
This chapter explores the importance of housing for public health. There are ample data linking poor housing conditions to a broad range of infectious diseases, chronic diseases, injuries, childhood development and nutrition issues, and mental health concerns. In addition, the burden of poor housing is not distributed evenly across populations. Families with fewer resources are likelier to live in unhealthy homes, and they are less likely to be able to improve the condition of their living situations. Moreover, high housing costs often put families and individuals in the position of having to trade between healthy housing and other basic necessities, such as food or medication. Structural forces perpetuate housing inequities. Landlords and real estate agents have contributed to racial/ethnic segregation by blocking minorities from moving to predominately white neighborhoods, which often leads to the exclusion of minorities from high-quality housing, schools, and other public services. Further, predominantly minority communities receive less investment from lenders to improve housing quality and neighborhood environments. Thus, improving housing must mean improving housing equity, so that all can access the benefits of having a safe, healthy place to live.
Shaun Spiers
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447339991
- eISBN:
- 9781447346661
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447339991.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This chapter examines the scale of the housing crisis: too few homes; too many living in intolerable housing conditions; and growing and ultimately unsustainable inequality between those who own ...
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This chapter examines the scale of the housing crisis: too few homes; too many living in intolerable housing conditions; and growing and ultimately unsustainable inequality between those who own property and those who do not. Poor housing harms lives. The high cost of home ownership means that the sort of people who would have been buying their first home a generation ago are now stuck in insecure, rented accommodation. They may have good income, but they lack wealth. Addressing these problems requires targeted public investment and stronger regulation. To suggest that all that is needed is more house building is to miss the point. However, part of the solution must be to address the chronic undersupply of new homes. This is a moral imperative, for conservationists as much as for anyone else.Less
This chapter examines the scale of the housing crisis: too few homes; too many living in intolerable housing conditions; and growing and ultimately unsustainable inequality between those who own property and those who do not. Poor housing harms lives. The high cost of home ownership means that the sort of people who would have been buying their first home a generation ago are now stuck in insecure, rented accommodation. They may have good income, but they lack wealth. Addressing these problems requires targeted public investment and stronger regulation. To suggest that all that is needed is more house building is to miss the point. However, part of the solution must be to address the chronic undersupply of new homes. This is a moral imperative, for conservationists as much as for anyone else.
Abidin Kusno
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824837457
- eISBN:
- 9780824871017
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824837457.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This book explores the formation of populist urban programs in post-Suharto Jakarta and the cultural and political contradictions that have arisen as a result of the continuing influence of the ...
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This book explores the formation of populist urban programs in post-Suharto Jakarta and the cultural and political contradictions that have arisen as a result of the continuing influence of the Suharto-era's neoliberal ideology of development. Analyzing a spectrum of urban agendas from waterfront city to green environment and housing for the poor, the book deepens our understanding of the spatial mediation of power, the interaction between elite and populist urban imaginings, and how past ideologies are integral to the present even as they are newly reconfigured. The book examines the anxiety over the destiny of Jakarta in its efforts to resolve the crisis of the city. The first group of chapters consider the fate and fortune of two building types, namely the city hall and the shop house, over a longue duree as a metonymy for the culture, politics, and society of the city and the nation. Other chapters focus on the intellectual legacies of the Sukarno and Suharto eras and the influence of their spatial paradigms. The final three chapters look at social and ecological consciousness in the post-Suharto era.Less
This book explores the formation of populist urban programs in post-Suharto Jakarta and the cultural and political contradictions that have arisen as a result of the continuing influence of the Suharto-era's neoliberal ideology of development. Analyzing a spectrum of urban agendas from waterfront city to green environment and housing for the poor, the book deepens our understanding of the spatial mediation of power, the interaction between elite and populist urban imaginings, and how past ideologies are integral to the present even as they are newly reconfigured. The book examines the anxiety over the destiny of Jakarta in its efforts to resolve the crisis of the city. The first group of chapters consider the fate and fortune of two building types, namely the city hall and the shop house, over a longue duree as a metonymy for the culture, politics, and society of the city and the nation. Other chapters focus on the intellectual legacies of the Sukarno and Suharto eras and the influence of their spatial paradigms. The final three chapters look at social and ecological consciousness in the post-Suharto era.
Mark Glancy
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190053130
- eISBN:
- 9780190053161
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190053130.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
Chapter 1 covers the years 1904 to 1915, from Archie Leach’s birth through his childhood to age 11. It offers information on the city of his birth, Bristol, and it considers his extended family’s ...
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Chapter 1 covers the years 1904 to 1915, from Archie Leach’s birth through his childhood to age 11. It offers information on the city of his birth, Bristol, and it considers his extended family’s background. It is revealed that his mother’s side of the family, the Kingdons, were particularly troubled and impoverished: his maternal grandfather died in the workhouse, his aunt was committed to a workhouse and subsequently the Bristol Lunatic Asylum, and one of his uncles spent his adolescence in a borstal-like facility. It also considers his mother’s aspirational nature and his parents’ unhappy marriage, which culminated in his mother’s disappearance just after his 11th birthday.Less
Chapter 1 covers the years 1904 to 1915, from Archie Leach’s birth through his childhood to age 11. It offers information on the city of his birth, Bristol, and it considers his extended family’s background. It is revealed that his mother’s side of the family, the Kingdons, were particularly troubled and impoverished: his maternal grandfather died in the workhouse, his aunt was committed to a workhouse and subsequently the Bristol Lunatic Asylum, and one of his uncles spent his adolescence in a borstal-like facility. It also considers his mother’s aspirational nature and his parents’ unhappy marriage, which culminated in his mother’s disappearance just after his 11th birthday.
