Alexandra Barahona de Brito
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280385
- eISBN:
- 9780191598852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280386.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
In this second chapter of Part III of the book (Truth and Justice under Successor Democratic Regimes), an examination is made of how the issues of truth and justice were dealt with under democratic ...
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In this second chapter of Part III of the book (Truth and Justice under Successor Democratic Regimes), an examination is made of how the issues of truth and justice were dealt with under democratic rule from 1990 to 1996 in Chile (the governments of Aylwin 1990–93 and of Frei 1993–96). The different sections of the chapter are: Introduction; Truth Telling in Chile: The Jewel in the Concertaciin’s Human Rights Crown; Releasing the Political Prisoners: Hostages to the Conflict over Justice; Reparations and Symbolic Justice by Individual Prosecution; The Frei Administration and the Continuing Struggle for Justice, 1993–96; and Conclusion.Less
In this second chapter of Part III of the book (Truth and Justice under Successor Democratic Regimes), an examination is made of how the issues of truth and justice were dealt with under democratic rule from 1990 to 1996 in Chile (the governments of Aylwin 1990–93 and of Frei 1993–96). The different sections of the chapter are: Introduction; Truth Telling in Chile: The Jewel in the Concertaciin’s Human Rights Crown; Releasing the Political Prisoners: Hostages to the Conflict over Justice; Reparations and Symbolic Justice by Individual Prosecution; The Frei Administration and the Continuing Struggle for Justice, 1993–96; and Conclusion.
Steven A. Barnes
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691151120
- eISBN:
- 9781400838615
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691151120.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Russian and Former Soviet Union History
This chapter takes the Gulag into the postwar era when authorities used the institution in an attempt to reassert social control. At the same time, arrivals from the newly annexed western territories ...
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This chapter takes the Gulag into the postwar era when authorities used the institution in an attempt to reassert social control. At the same time, arrivals from the newly annexed western territories and former Red Army soldiers dramatically altered the social world of the Gulag prisoner. New prisoner populations of war veterans, nationalist guerrillas, and peoples with significant life experience outside the Soviet Union provided a potentially combustible mix. The isolation and concentration of many of these prisoners in a small number of special camps raised even further the potential explosiveness of the population. The Gulag was a political institution, though, and it was only the death of the system's founder that would set off the explosions.Less
This chapter takes the Gulag into the postwar era when authorities used the institution in an attempt to reassert social control. At the same time, arrivals from the newly annexed western territories and former Red Army soldiers dramatically altered the social world of the Gulag prisoner. New prisoner populations of war veterans, nationalist guerrillas, and peoples with significant life experience outside the Soviet Union provided a potentially combustible mix. The isolation and concentration of many of these prisoners in a small number of special camps raised even further the potential explosiveness of the population. The Gulag was a political institution, though, and it was only the death of the system's founder that would set off the explosions.
Rivkah Zim
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161808
- eISBN:
- 9781400852093
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161808.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter explores the personal and the political tactics of two remarkable, yet little-known, twentieth-century poets—Joean Cassou and Irina Ratushinskaya—who survived their imprisonments in ...
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This chapter explores the personal and the political tactics of two remarkable, yet little-known, twentieth-century poets—Joean Cassou and Irina Ratushinskaya—who survived their imprisonments in life-threatening conditions and emerged from confinement to find that their prison poetry had been published and circulated widely, carrying political messages that went beyond their authors' initial situations and declared purposes of resistance and self-preservation. Cassou's thirty-three sonnets are signs of a private inner world that enabled him to resist the psychological pressures of his imprisonment during the winter of 1941–42. By contrast, Ratushinskaya set out to speak for a group of women political prisoners in the last years of the Soviet Union. She used her poetry to sustain the group's morale and willpower to resist the lies and cruelty of their oppressors who controlled the prison camp in which they were interned for various kinds of political dissent.Less
This chapter explores the personal and the political tactics of two remarkable, yet little-known, twentieth-century poets—Joean Cassou and Irina Ratushinskaya—who survived their imprisonments in life-threatening conditions and emerged from confinement to find that their prison poetry had been published and circulated widely, carrying political messages that went beyond their authors' initial situations and declared purposes of resistance and self-preservation. Cassou's thirty-three sonnets are signs of a private inner world that enabled him to resist the psychological pressures of his imprisonment during the winter of 1941–42. By contrast, Ratushinskaya set out to speak for a group of women political prisoners in the last years of the Soviet Union. She used her poetry to sustain the group's morale and willpower to resist the lies and cruelty of their oppressors who controlled the prison camp in which they were interned for various kinds of political dissent.
Ellen Wiles
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231173285
- eISBN:
- 9780231539296
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231173285.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter explores the lives and literary work of the older generation of contemporary writers in Myanmar through three writers: U Win Tin, journalist, politician, co-founder of the NLD with Aung ...
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This chapter explores the lives and literary work of the older generation of contemporary writers in Myanmar through three writers: U Win Tin, journalist, politician, co-founder of the NLD with Aung San Suu Kyi, former political prisoner, and poet; Shwegu May Hnin, broadcaster, essayist, novelist, former political prisoner, agony aunt; and Pe Myint, short story writer, medic, journalist, news journal editor, and press council member.Less
This chapter explores the lives and literary work of the older generation of contemporary writers in Myanmar through three writers: U Win Tin, journalist, politician, co-founder of the NLD with Aung San Suu Kyi, former political prisoner, and poet; Shwegu May Hnin, broadcaster, essayist, novelist, former political prisoner, agony aunt; and Pe Myint, short story writer, medic, journalist, news journal editor, and press council member.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The introduction to this book explains the historical and political context in which the productions of ancient drama originated on the prison islands of the Greek Civil War in the late 1940s and ...
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The introduction to this book explains the historical and political context in which the productions of ancient drama originated on the prison islands of the Greek Civil War in the late 1940s and through the 1950s (and thus against the backdrop of the international Cold War). It discusses the unusual cultural phenomenon of theater on these prison islands, introduces the various source materials and methodological issues (including the problem of the scarcity of source materials and the questions posed by oral testimonies), and provides a preview of the subsequent chapters.Less
The introduction to this book explains the historical and political context in which the productions of ancient drama originated on the prison islands of the Greek Civil War in the late 1940s and through the 1950s (and thus against the backdrop of the international Cold War). It discusses the unusual cultural phenomenon of theater on these prison islands, introduces the various source materials and methodological issues (including the problem of the scarcity of source materials and the questions posed by oral testimonies), and provides a preview of the subsequent chapters.
Peter Zinoman
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520224124
- eISBN:
- 9780520925175
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520224124.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter examines why so many of the released political prisoners in French Indochina returned to the anticolonial struggle. It suggests that former prisoners' experience of communal ...
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This chapter examines why so many of the released political prisoners in French Indochina returned to the anticolonial struggle. It suggests that former prisoners' experience of communal incarceration, coupled with the efficacy of revolutionary training behind bars, served to deepen the political commitments of many jailed activists. It also discusses the colonial state's mechanism of control that discouraged the reintegration of ex-prisoners into the wider community by undermining their financial prospects and leaving them open to harassment by local officials.Less
This chapter examines why so many of the released political prisoners in French Indochina returned to the anticolonial struggle. It suggests that former prisoners' experience of communal incarceration, coupled with the efficacy of revolutionary training behind bars, served to deepen the political commitments of many jailed activists. It also discusses the colonial state's mechanism of control that discouraged the reintegration of ex-prisoners into the wider community by undermining their financial prospects and leaving them open to harassment by local officials.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Chapter 2 discusses the productions of ancient drama that were staged on Makronisos: it presents a diptych of two productions that reveal different levels of involvement on the part of actors, ...
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Chapter 2 discusses the productions of ancient drama that were staged on Makronisos: it presents a diptych of two productions that reveal different levels of involvement on the part of actors, artists, inmate observers—and the camp keepers. Our analysis of the Antigone production that the authorities both encouraged and advertised is followed by a discussion of a more “genuine” Philoctetes (both staged in 1948). The chapter also concentrates on the regime's attempted monopoly on language and culture and on its fascist‐style use of the classics for propaganda purposes. The chapter unmasks the dynamics with which the Right manipulated the terms of political and moral “salvation” and religious and civic restoration. Theater became another means to the prison administration's end of “forging” a public consensus about the “rehabilitation” work that it was directing on Makronisos.Less
Chapter 2 discusses the productions of ancient drama that were staged on Makronisos: it presents a diptych of two productions that reveal different levels of involvement on the part of actors, artists, inmate observers—and the camp keepers. Our analysis of the Antigone production that the authorities both encouraged and advertised is followed by a discussion of a more “genuine” Philoctetes (both staged in 1948). The chapter also concentrates on the regime's attempted monopoly on language and culture and on its fascist‐style use of the classics for propaganda purposes. The chapter unmasks the dynamics with which the Right manipulated the terms of political and moral “salvation” and religious and civic restoration. Theater became another means to the prison administration's end of “forging” a public consensus about the “rehabilitation” work that it was directing on Makronisos.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0004
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Chapter 3 features what is clearly a more national but also an increasingly international dialogue and exchange of ideas on tragic heroes like Prometheus, despite the remoteness of the prison ...
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Chapter 3 features what is clearly a more national but also an increasingly international dialogue and exchange of ideas on tragic heroes like Prometheus, despite the remoteness of the prison islands. Chapter 3 focuses on the productions—or attempts at productions—of the female exiles of Trikeri and also on their alternative educational and cultural expressions, which tended to bring gender into the equation. The women's theater on Trikeri contained both licensed and illicit stage activity. It presents an Antigone that was distinctly different from the one staged—and privileged—on Makronisos: it traced liberal and democratic ideals back to antiquity. This chapter also makes tangible, through the Prometheus myth and play, how the Right handled the tool of the notorious “declaration of repentance,” which it tried to wrest from the Left.Less
Chapter 3 features what is clearly a more national but also an increasingly international dialogue and exchange of ideas on tragic heroes like Prometheus, despite the remoteness of the prison islands. Chapter 3 focuses on the productions—or attempts at productions—of the female exiles of Trikeri and also on their alternative educational and cultural expressions, which tended to bring gender into the equation. The women's theater on Trikeri contained both licensed and illicit stage activity. It presents an Antigone that was distinctly different from the one staged—and privileged—on Makronisos: it traced liberal and democratic ideals back to antiquity. This chapter also makes tangible, through the Prometheus myth and play, how the Right handled the tool of the notorious “declaration of repentance,” which it tried to wrest from the Left.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Many studies have been written on the Greek Civil War's political causes, characteristics, and repercussions, but Greece's theater history of those years seems to have been largely forgotten. This is ...
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Many studies have been written on the Greek Civil War's political causes, characteristics, and repercussions, but Greece's theater history of those years seems to have been largely forgotten. This is unfortunate because the events of those decades have shaped the native Greek stage as well as the revival stage ever since. The theatrical debate then mirrored the contemporary turmoil and brought forth new readings of the ancient plays. This book introduces the classical performances that were staged by the political prisoners on the prison islands of the Greek Civil War (late 1940s through 1950s) and that became part of the important battle waged between the Greek Left and the Right for the stakes of the sociopolitical order. These performances open an alternative, culturally‐oriented perspective on the internecine military and political struggle at the onset of the Cold War. The book first explains the historical and political context in which the productions of ancient drama originated, the selections made by the prisoners, and the practical conditions under which the performances were mounted. It devotes ample attention, too, to acts of censorship exacted by the prison authorities. The book's main focus, however, is on the interpretation that the political detainees gave to their productions and to the rationale behind specific readings. Lastly, the book features an Antigone adaptation in the original Greek and in English translation that was written by Aris Alexandrou, one of the prisoners, and that extends the political and ideological spectrum of the classicizing productions.Less
Many studies have been written on the Greek Civil War's political causes, characteristics, and repercussions, but Greece's theater history of those years seems to have been largely forgotten. This is unfortunate because the events of those decades have shaped the native Greek stage as well as the revival stage ever since. The theatrical debate then mirrored the contemporary turmoil and brought forth new readings of the ancient plays. This book introduces the classical performances that were staged by the political prisoners on the prison islands of the Greek Civil War (late 1940s through 1950s) and that became part of the important battle waged between the Greek Left and the Right for the stakes of the sociopolitical order. These performances open an alternative, culturally‐oriented perspective on the internecine military and political struggle at the onset of the Cold War. The book first explains the historical and political context in which the productions of ancient drama originated, the selections made by the prisoners, and the practical conditions under which the performances were mounted. It devotes ample attention, too, to acts of censorship exacted by the prison authorities. The book's main focus, however, is on the interpretation that the political detainees gave to their productions and to the rationale behind specific readings. Lastly, the book features an Antigone adaptation in the original Greek and in English translation that was written by Aris Alexandrou, one of the prisoners, and that extends the political and ideological spectrum of the classicizing productions.
Geoffrey B. Robinson
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196497
- eISBN:
- 9781400888863
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196497.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter argues that the decision to release most political detainees was the result of a major international campaign undertaken by human rights organizations in the mid-1970s. That campaign ...
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This chapter argues that the decision to release most political detainees was the result of a major international campaign undertaken by human rights organizations in the mid-1970s. That campaign succeeded in large part because it coincided with significant changes in global norms and attitudes pertaining to human rights as well as the position of the U.S. government, and came at a time when Indonesia was vulnerable to outside economic pressures. The chapter makes clear, however, that there was powerful resistance to the idea of releasing these prisoners—and an insistence on the continued need to protect the body politic from the “latent danger of Communism”—particularly on the part of the army leadership. As a consequence, even after prisoners were released, they and their families continued to suffer egregious restrictions, formal and informal, on every aspect of their lives. The formal restrictions continued until the end of the New Order in 1998, but the deep social and psychological legacies have lasted much longer. Finally, the chapter makes the case that the onerous restrictions on released prisoners were part of a more general obsession on the part of the New Order regime with creating and maintaining order, discipline, and stability.Less
This chapter argues that the decision to release most political detainees was the result of a major international campaign undertaken by human rights organizations in the mid-1970s. That campaign succeeded in large part because it coincided with significant changes in global norms and attitudes pertaining to human rights as well as the position of the U.S. government, and came at a time when Indonesia was vulnerable to outside economic pressures. The chapter makes clear, however, that there was powerful resistance to the idea of releasing these prisoners—and an insistence on the continued need to protect the body politic from the “latent danger of Communism”—particularly on the part of the army leadership. As a consequence, even after prisoners were released, they and their families continued to suffer egregious restrictions, formal and informal, on every aspect of their lives. The formal restrictions continued until the end of the New Order in 1998, but the deep social and psychological legacies have lasted much longer. Finally, the chapter makes the case that the onerous restrictions on released prisoners were part of a more general obsession on the part of the New Order regime with creating and maintaining order, discipline, and stability.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The first chapter of this book introduces the practical or organizational framework of classical tragedy staged on the prison islands of the Civil War (Makronisos, Trikeri, Aï Stratis). It also ...
More
The first chapter of this book introduces the practical or organizational framework of classical tragedy staged on the prison islands of the Civil War (Makronisos, Trikeri, Aï Stratis). It also points to changes in the conditions of imprisonment in the various locales and over time and to differences in the treatment of men and women. This chapter also builds links forward and backward in time, which is essential for many reasons: the internees' classicizing performances of Sophocles' Antigone and Philoctetes and of Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound and Persians complemented other choices of works, such as the patriotic Greek martyr‐dramas, well‐regarded foreign classics, and many native plays, comedies, and skits.Less
The first chapter of this book introduces the practical or organizational framework of classical tragedy staged on the prison islands of the Civil War (Makronisos, Trikeri, Aï Stratis). It also points to changes in the conditions of imprisonment in the various locales and over time and to differences in the treatment of men and women. This chapter also builds links forward and backward in time, which is essential for many reasons: the internees' classicizing performances of Sophocles' Antigone and Philoctetes and of Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound and Persians complemented other choices of works, such as the patriotic Greek martyr‐dramas, well‐regarded foreign classics, and many native plays, comedies, and skits.
Kieran McEvoy
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198299073
- eISBN:
- 9780191685590
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299073.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter begins with an overview of the sociological and psychological literature on coping with imprisonment. It explores a number of elements in that literature which are of relevance in the ...
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This chapter begins with an overview of the sociological and psychological literature on coping with imprisonment. It explores a number of elements in that literature which are of relevance in the context of paramilitary prisoners in Northern Ireland. After examining that literature, it goes on to locate the analysis that follows within a resistance framework. It is argued that such a framework is more suited to understanding the collective resistance of paramilitary prisoners to criminalisation. Resistance had a number of key features which included resistance as political struggle, as a challenge to the power relations within the prisons, as a collective enterprise, and as a struggle to control space within the prisons.Less
This chapter begins with an overview of the sociological and psychological literature on coping with imprisonment. It explores a number of elements in that literature which are of relevance in the context of paramilitary prisoners in Northern Ireland. After examining that literature, it goes on to locate the analysis that follows within a resistance framework. It is argued that such a framework is more suited to understanding the collective resistance of paramilitary prisoners to criminalisation. Resistance had a number of key features which included resistance as political struggle, as a challenge to the power relations within the prisons, as a collective enterprise, and as a struggle to control space within the prisons.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0009
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The exile stage confronted actors, artists, and audiences with the modernist challenge to rethink the very means and methods of drama. The theater of the prison islands was intensely political for ...
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The exile stage confronted actors, artists, and audiences with the modernist challenge to rethink the very means and methods of drama. The theater of the prison islands was intensely political for reasons of the real‐life ideological perspectives of its practitioners. Performance as a platform for political involvement reached its apogee for becoming performance of and for political beings again. Emphasizing political and material result more than performance style was a way for the inmate cast to present itself as a disciplined group that was still engaged in dissidence. The performers' choices, styles, and techniques helped them to maintain a sense of cultural belonging, professionalism, and integrity. Alexandrou's play delivers the darker side of the radical resistance that inspired most of the cultural activities described in the preceding chapters. This darker side is, however, a necessary complement to Chapters 1‐4 of this book, and it helps this study to strike a more objective balance.Less
The exile stage confronted actors, artists, and audiences with the modernist challenge to rethink the very means and methods of drama. The theater of the prison islands was intensely political for reasons of the real‐life ideological perspectives of its practitioners. Performance as a platform for political involvement reached its apogee for becoming performance of and for political beings again. Emphasizing political and material result more than performance style was a way for the inmate cast to present itself as a disciplined group that was still engaged in dissidence. The performers' choices, styles, and techniques helped them to maintain a sense of cultural belonging, professionalism, and integrity. Alexandrou's play delivers the darker side of the radical resistance that inspired most of the cultural activities described in the preceding chapters. This darker side is, however, a necessary complement to Chapters 1‐4 of this book, and it helps this study to strike a more objective balance.
William Murphy
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199569076
- eISBN:
- 9780191747373
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199569076.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Political History
This book analyses the role of political imprisonment during a period in Irish history when prisons were at the heart of a series of contests, including the violent campaign for Irish independence. ...
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This book analyses the role of political imprisonment during a period in Irish history when prisons were at the heart of a series of contests, including the violent campaign for Irish independence. It tells the story of suffragettes, trade unionists, and revolutionary nationalists who were sent to prisons and internment camps in Ireland and Britain for their causes, and examines the ways in which they then used those prisons and camps to promote their causes. The book explores the roles and identities claimed by the political prisoners. It analyses the strategies—including hunger strike—that they, and their supporters, developed as they sought to exploit their imprisonment by making the prisons sites of revolution. It assesses the ways in which the state (in particular the prison systems and the army) responded to this challenge and emphasizes the impact these contests had upon the ordinary servants of the state charged with managing the resultant crises. Through their campaigns the prisoners challenged the effectiveness of a crucial arm of state power in both Ireland and Britain—the prison systems—with intent and sophistication. The book argues that these prison campaigns had a significant influence on the politics of the revolutionary period and in doing so explores the fluctuating relationship between prison conflict and the wider revolution. Ultimately, the prison contests investigated here changed Ireland and changed political imprisonment.Less
This book analyses the role of political imprisonment during a period in Irish history when prisons were at the heart of a series of contests, including the violent campaign for Irish independence. It tells the story of suffragettes, trade unionists, and revolutionary nationalists who were sent to prisons and internment camps in Ireland and Britain for their causes, and examines the ways in which they then used those prisons and camps to promote their causes. The book explores the roles and identities claimed by the political prisoners. It analyses the strategies—including hunger strike—that they, and their supporters, developed as they sought to exploit their imprisonment by making the prisons sites of revolution. It assesses the ways in which the state (in particular the prison systems and the army) responded to this challenge and emphasizes the impact these contests had upon the ordinary servants of the state charged with managing the resultant crises. Through their campaigns the prisoners challenged the effectiveness of a crucial arm of state power in both Ireland and Britain—the prison systems—with intent and sophistication. The book argues that these prison campaigns had a significant influence on the politics of the revolutionary period and in doing so explores the fluctuating relationship between prison conflict and the wider revolution. Ultimately, the prison contests investigated here changed Ireland and changed political imprisonment.
Peter Zinoman
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520224124
- eISBN:
- 9780520925175
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520224124.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter focuses on the Thai Nguyen rebellion, the largest and most destructive anticolonial uprising in French Indochina. It describes how an eclectic band of political prisoners, common ...
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This chapter focuses on the Thai Nguyen rebellion, the largest and most destructive anticolonial uprising in French Indochina. It describes how an eclectic band of political prisoners, common criminals, and mutinous prison guards seized the Thai Nguyen Penitentiary in August 1917. Though the French forces were able to retake the penitentiary after five days of intense fighting, the mopping-up campaigns in the surrounding countryside stretched on for six months and led to hundreds of casualties on both sides. It suggests that the penitentiary provided a discrete site where traditional class and regional divisions might be overcome and new ideas of fraternity and community could develop, flourish, and serve as a powerful foundation for collective resistance to the colonial state.Less
This chapter focuses on the Thai Nguyen rebellion, the largest and most destructive anticolonial uprising in French Indochina. It describes how an eclectic band of political prisoners, common criminals, and mutinous prison guards seized the Thai Nguyen Penitentiary in August 1917. Though the French forces were able to retake the penitentiary after five days of intense fighting, the mopping-up campaigns in the surrounding countryside stretched on for six months and led to hundreds of casualties on both sides. It suggests that the penitentiary provided a discrete site where traditional class and regional divisions might be overcome and new ideas of fraternity and community could develop, flourish, and serve as a powerful foundation for collective resistance to the colonial state.
Kieran McEvoy
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198299073
- eISBN:
- 9780191685590
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299073.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter explores in some detail the role played by the planning and attempting of escapes as a strategy of resistance for politically motivated prisoners in Northern Ireland. It examines the ...
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This chapter explores in some detail the role played by the planning and attempting of escapes as a strategy of resistance for politically motivated prisoners in Northern Ireland. It examines the notion of escape as ideological conflict, the historical antecedents of escapes by Republicans and the different phases and types of escape during the current conflict, and finally the differences in attitudes to escape between Loyalists and Republicans.Less
This chapter explores in some detail the role played by the planning and attempting of escapes as a strategy of resistance for politically motivated prisoners in Northern Ireland. It examines the notion of escape as ideological conflict, the historical antecedents of escapes by Republicans and the different phases and types of escape during the current conflict, and finally the differences in attitudes to escape between Loyalists and Republicans.
Kieran McEvoy
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198299073
- eISBN:
- 9780191685590
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299073.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This book offers a unique analysis of paramilitary imprisonment in Northern Ireland. The central focus of the book is the struggle between inmates and the state concerning the prisoners' assertion of ...
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This book offers a unique analysis of paramilitary imprisonment in Northern Ireland. The central focus of the book is the struggle between inmates and the state concerning the prisoners' assertion of their status as political prisoners. Drawing upon interviews with former Republican and Loyalist prisoners as well as prison managers and staff, this book locates that experience within the broader theoretical literature on imprisonment. Four forms of prison resistance by which prisoners asserted their political status are examined. Dirty protest and hunger strike are characterised as resistance through self-sacrifice. Violence, destruction, and intimidation are examined as prison resistance becoming an extension of armed struggle. Escape is analysed as a form of resistance through ridicule. And finally law is considered as instrumental resistance and a dialogical process with a range of audiences. The book then considers a range of prison management adopted by the prison authorities. ‘Reactive Containment’ is described as a military-led model of management which incapacitated the terrorist ‘enemy’ but acknowledged the political character of the inmates. ‘Criminalisation’ is viewed as a strategy designed to deny any practical or symbolic acceptance of the political motivation of prisoners. ‘Managerialism’, it is argued, encompasses a series of scientific discourses to rationalise conflicting interactions with prisoners, from pragmatic accommodations to a dogged determination to prevent further recognition of de facto political status. The book concludes with an analysis of the early release of paramilitary prisoners and the conflict resolution process and some reflections on political prisons as spaces both during and after a political conflict.Less
This book offers a unique analysis of paramilitary imprisonment in Northern Ireland. The central focus of the book is the struggle between inmates and the state concerning the prisoners' assertion of their status as political prisoners. Drawing upon interviews with former Republican and Loyalist prisoners as well as prison managers and staff, this book locates that experience within the broader theoretical literature on imprisonment. Four forms of prison resistance by which prisoners asserted their political status are examined. Dirty protest and hunger strike are characterised as resistance through self-sacrifice. Violence, destruction, and intimidation are examined as prison resistance becoming an extension of armed struggle. Escape is analysed as a form of resistance through ridicule. And finally law is considered as instrumental resistance and a dialogical process with a range of audiences. The book then considers a range of prison management adopted by the prison authorities. ‘Reactive Containment’ is described as a military-led model of management which incapacitated the terrorist ‘enemy’ but acknowledged the political character of the inmates. ‘Criminalisation’ is viewed as a strategy designed to deny any practical or symbolic acceptance of the political motivation of prisoners. ‘Managerialism’, it is argued, encompasses a series of scientific discourses to rationalise conflicting interactions with prisoners, from pragmatic accommodations to a dogged determination to prevent further recognition of de facto political status. The book concludes with an analysis of the early release of paramilitary prisoners and the conflict resolution process and some reflections on political prisons as spaces both during and after a political conflict.
Padraic Kenney
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199375745
- eISBN:
- 9780190840075
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199375745.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, European Modern History
Though political prisoners are almost always incarcerated for national causes, they became the focus of international support in the twentieth century. The earliest attention was from diaspora ...
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Though political prisoners are almost always incarcerated for national causes, they became the focus of international support in the twentieth century. The earliest attention was from diaspora communities of supporters, for example, among the Irish or among socialists. The International Committee of the Red Cross began with a focus on prisoners of war, expanding to political prisoners after World War I. The New York–based International Committee for Political Prisoners pioneered a nonpartisan approach to political prisoners. Like Amnesty International forty years later, it was an advocate for those who did not engage in violence. New kinds of prisoner assistance in the late twentieth century proved to be building blocks of post-transition civil society.Less
Though political prisoners are almost always incarcerated for national causes, they became the focus of international support in the twentieth century. The earliest attention was from diaspora communities of supporters, for example, among the Irish or among socialists. The International Committee of the Red Cross began with a focus on prisoners of war, expanding to political prisoners after World War I. The New York–based International Committee for Political Prisoners pioneered a nonpartisan approach to political prisoners. Like Amnesty International forty years later, it was an advocate for those who did not engage in violence. New kinds of prisoner assistance in the late twentieth century proved to be building blocks of post-transition civil society.
Robert Tracy McKenzie
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195182941
- eISBN:
- 9780199788897
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182941.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter concentrates on the treatment of civilians in Knoxville during the period between Tennessee's secession in June 1861 and the banishment of William G. Brownlow from the Confederacy for ...
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This chapter concentrates on the treatment of civilians in Knoxville during the period between Tennessee's secession in June 1861 and the banishment of William G. Brownlow from the Confederacy for treason in March 1862. Brownlow and other Unionists remained outspoken in their opposition to secession long after Tennessee seceded, and although local Confederates lobbied for a crackdown on civil liberties, Confederate authorities at Nashville and Richmond tolerated local Unionists' dissent until a series of infamous bridge burnings in November 1861 convinced them that their leniency had been counterproductive. Knoxville became the scene of four executions, and hundreds of political prisoners from all across East Tennessee were incarcerated there throughout the winter. The most famous inmate was Brownlow himself, who after three months in jail was escorted across the lines to the Union.Less
This chapter concentrates on the treatment of civilians in Knoxville during the period between Tennessee's secession in June 1861 and the banishment of William G. Brownlow from the Confederacy for treason in March 1862. Brownlow and other Unionists remained outspoken in their opposition to secession long after Tennessee seceded, and although local Confederates lobbied for a crackdown on civil liberties, Confederate authorities at Nashville and Richmond tolerated local Unionists' dissent until a series of infamous bridge burnings in November 1861 convinced them that their leniency had been counterproductive. Knoxville became the scene of four executions, and hundreds of political prisoners from all across East Tennessee were incarcerated there throughout the winter. The most famous inmate was Brownlow himself, who after three months in jail was escorted across the lines to the Union.
Gonda Van Steen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572885
- eISBN:
- 9780191722905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572885.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Chapter 5 offers a close reading of the Antigone that Aris Alexandrou wrote while pushed into near‐solitary confinement on Aï Stratis in 1951. The playwright mentally resisted such isolation by ...
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Chapter 5 offers a close reading of the Antigone that Aris Alexandrou wrote while pushed into near‐solitary confinement on Aï Stratis in 1951. The playwright mentally resisted such isolation by adapting one of the most widely appreciated classics. Alexandrou's political views positioned him on the left of the Greek Left, which made him suffer exile within “internal exile.” This analysis of his work must bring the author's ideology to life. Also, his play has more than an academic or ideological relevance since it was staged as recently as 2003 by director Victor Arditti. While many of the inmate plays prove to be leftist appropriations of mainstream material from within the dominant cultural legacy, Alexandrou's Antigone is different and most interesting as a free adaptation of Sophocles' original tragedy, seasoned with elements of Anouilh's Antigone and Brechtian techniques of performance and demythologization.Less
Chapter 5 offers a close reading of the Antigone that Aris Alexandrou wrote while pushed into near‐solitary confinement on Aï Stratis in 1951. The playwright mentally resisted such isolation by adapting one of the most widely appreciated classics. Alexandrou's political views positioned him on the left of the Greek Left, which made him suffer exile within “internal exile.” This analysis of his work must bring the author's ideology to life. Also, his play has more than an academic or ideological relevance since it was staged as recently as 2003 by director Victor Arditti. While many of the inmate plays prove to be leftist appropriations of mainstream material from within the dominant cultural legacy, Alexandrou's Antigone is different and most interesting as a free adaptation of Sophocles' original tragedy, seasoned with elements of Anouilh's Antigone and Brechtian techniques of performance and demythologization.
