Debra Satz
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195311594
- eISBN:
- 9780199870714
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311594.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
The view of the market as a homogeneous mechanism operating across different types of exchanges is distinctly modern. The classical political economists. especially Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and ...
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The view of the market as a homogeneous mechanism operating across different types of exchanges is distinctly modern. The classical political economists. especially Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Karl Marx, held a very different view of markets and of their place within society. Our modern understanding of markets in terms of their formal properties and our ability to build tractable models far surpasses those of the classical political economists. This chapter focuses on these earlier thinkers’ larger overall vision and its contrast with that contemporary view. This alternative vision had far reaching implications for their views of the nature and limits of markets and the justice [or injustice] of many market transactionsLess
The view of the market as a homogeneous mechanism operating across different types of exchanges is distinctly modern. The classical political economists. especially Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Karl Marx, held a very different view of markets and of their place within society. Our modern understanding of markets in terms of their formal properties and our ability to build tractable models far surpasses those of the classical political economists. This chapter focuses on these earlier thinkers’ larger overall vision and its contrast with that contemporary view. This alternative vision had far reaching implications for their views of the nature and limits of markets and the justice [or injustice] of many market transactions
Albert E. Moyer
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520076891
- eISBN:
- 9780520912137
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520076891.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, American and Canadian Cultural Anthropology
Newcomb did more than merely extol the desirability of using scientific method to attack current political and economic problems. He himself had developed into a political economist of some repute, ...
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Newcomb did more than merely extol the desirability of using scientific method to attack current political and economic problems. He himself had developed into a political economist of some repute, publishing numerous technical and popular expositions on finance, trade, taxation, currency, and labor. Through a steady stream of books, articles, notes, reviews, and speeches, Newcomb sought to provide a dispassionate analysis of the political and economic issues of his day, thus demonstrating rather than merely describing the social utility of scientific method.Less
Newcomb did more than merely extol the desirability of using scientific method to attack current political and economic problems. He himself had developed into a political economist of some repute, publishing numerous technical and popular expositions on finance, trade, taxation, currency, and labor. Through a steady stream of books, articles, notes, reviews, and speeches, Newcomb sought to provide a dispassionate analysis of the political and economic issues of his day, thus demonstrating rather than merely describing the social utility of scientific method.
Jeffrey E. Hanes
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520228498
- eISBN:
- 9780520926837
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520228498.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
On New Year's Day 1900, Seki Hajime warned his countrymen to be prepared for the approaching dawn of the Pacific Age; his warning challenged the Meiji leaders to reassess the nation's developmental ...
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On New Year's Day 1900, Seki Hajime warned his countrymen to be prepared for the approaching dawn of the Pacific Age; his warning challenged the Meiji leaders to reassess the nation's developmental priorities. He called for a complete overhaul of the Japanese economy, and over the following decade, he committed himself to this grand objective. As a teacher, scholar, and government advisor, Seki endeavored to identify the most critical economic challenges facing Japan and re-conceptualized the Japanese economy as a people's national economy. To urge the Meiji leadership to shift the locus of national concern from polity to economy, he actively promoted the model of national economic policymaking invented by his mentors, the political economists of the German historical school.Less
On New Year's Day 1900, Seki Hajime warned his countrymen to be prepared for the approaching dawn of the Pacific Age; his warning challenged the Meiji leaders to reassess the nation's developmental priorities. He called for a complete overhaul of the Japanese economy, and over the following decade, he committed himself to this grand objective. As a teacher, scholar, and government advisor, Seki endeavored to identify the most critical economic challenges facing Japan and re-conceptualized the Japanese economy as a people's national economy. To urge the Meiji leadership to shift the locus of national concern from polity to economy, he actively promoted the model of national economic policymaking invented by his mentors, the political economists of the German historical school.
Craig Berry
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719084881
- eISBN:
- 9781781701850
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719084881.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
After a brief note on the wave thesis, this chapter considers the main articulations of globalisation as a material structural reality. It argues that neoclassical and Marxist political economics ...
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After a brief note on the wave thesis, this chapter considers the main articulations of globalisation as a material structural reality. It argues that neoclassical and Marxist political economics cover this orientation, but so too do a range of ostensibly more nuanced ‘spatial’ approaches to globalisation. It then assesses a range of political economy approaches to globalisation that seek to uphold structure/agency synthesis by ‘reclaiming the state’ analytically, arguing that, unless materialism is also eschewed, agency remains beneath structure in the analytical hierarchy. The chapter also turns attention to the ‘third wave’ of globalisation theory, that is, analysis of globalisation as a discursive phenomenon conducted or inspired by Colin Hay.Less
After a brief note on the wave thesis, this chapter considers the main articulations of globalisation as a material structural reality. It argues that neoclassical and Marxist political economics cover this orientation, but so too do a range of ostensibly more nuanced ‘spatial’ approaches to globalisation. It then assesses a range of political economy approaches to globalisation that seek to uphold structure/agency synthesis by ‘reclaiming the state’ analytically, arguing that, unless materialism is also eschewed, agency remains beneath structure in the analytical hierarchy. The chapter also turns attention to the ‘third wave’ of globalisation theory, that is, analysis of globalisation as a discursive phenomenon conducted or inspired by Colin Hay.
Peter Kivy
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300087581
- eISBN:
- 9780300135114
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300087581.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Psychology of Music
The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the ...
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The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the broader literary tradition in which he worked. The book places Milton's work—as well as the writings of contemporary reformers like the Levellers, poets like John Dryden, and political economists like Sir William Petty—within the framework of England's economic history between 1601 and 1724. It demonstrates how literary history swerved in this period, as a burgeoning economic discourse pressed authors to reimagine ideas about self, community, and empire. It shows that, contrary to commonly held views, Milton was a sophisticated economic thinker. Close readings of Milton's prose and verse reveal the importance of economic ideas in a wide range of his most famous writings, from Areopagitica to Samson Agonistes to Paradise Lost.Less
The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the broader literary tradition in which he worked. The book places Milton's work—as well as the writings of contemporary reformers like the Levellers, poets like John Dryden, and political economists like Sir William Petty—within the framework of England's economic history between 1601 and 1724. It demonstrates how literary history swerved in this period, as a burgeoning economic discourse pressed authors to reimagine ideas about self, community, and empire. It shows that, contrary to commonly held views, Milton was a sophisticated economic thinker. Close readings of Milton's prose and verse reveal the importance of economic ideas in a wide range of his most famous writings, from Areopagitica to Samson Agonistes to Paradise Lost.
Fredrik Albritton Jonsson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300162547
- eISBN:
- 9780300163742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300162547.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, Environmental History
The conclusion states how the ghosts of the Enlightenment still return to haunt society despite the fact that societies have come a long way from the New World of John Walker and the stationary ...
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The conclusion states how the ghosts of the Enlightenment still return to haunt society despite the fact that societies have come a long way from the New World of John Walker and the stationary Highlands of T. R. Malthus. In the Highlands, hopes for a New World were dampened by failure both to alleviate issues with the Highland climate and to build towns and villages. Already in the closing decades of the eighteenth century, naturalists and political economists had begun to unmake the New World of the north. By running the engine of natural history in reverse, their inventories now revealed physical limits rather than hidden abundance. Emigration seemed to offer the only relief for a country so deficient in natural advantages.Less
The conclusion states how the ghosts of the Enlightenment still return to haunt society despite the fact that societies have come a long way from the New World of John Walker and the stationary Highlands of T. R. Malthus. In the Highlands, hopes for a New World were dampened by failure both to alleviate issues with the Highland climate and to build towns and villages. Already in the closing decades of the eighteenth century, naturalists and political economists had begun to unmake the New World of the north. By running the engine of natural history in reverse, their inventories now revealed physical limits rather than hidden abundance. Emigration seemed to offer the only relief for a country so deficient in natural advantages.
Blair Hoxby
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300093780
- eISBN:
- 9780300129632
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300093780.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Milton Studies
The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the ...
More
The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the broader literary tradition in which he worked. The book places Milton's work—as well as the writings of contemporary reformers like the Levellers, poets like John Dryden, and political economists like Sir William Petty—within the framework of England's economic history between 1601 and 1724. It demonstrates how literary history swerved in this period, as a burgeoning economic discourse pressed authors to reimagine ideas about self, community, and empire. It shows that, contrary to commonly held views, Milton was a sophisticated economic thinker. Close readings of Milton's prose and verse reveal the importance of economic ideas in a wide range of his most famous writings, from Areopagitica to Samson Agonistes to Paradise Lost.Less
The commercial revolution of the seventeenth century deeply changed English culture. This book explores what that economic transformation meant to the century's greatest poet, John Milton, and to the broader literary tradition in which he worked. The book places Milton's work—as well as the writings of contemporary reformers like the Levellers, poets like John Dryden, and political economists like Sir William Petty—within the framework of England's economic history between 1601 and 1724. It demonstrates how literary history swerved in this period, as a burgeoning economic discourse pressed authors to reimagine ideas about self, community, and empire. It shows that, contrary to commonly held views, Milton was a sophisticated economic thinker. Close readings of Milton's prose and verse reveal the importance of economic ideas in a wide range of his most famous writings, from Areopagitica to Samson Agonistes to Paradise Lost.
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226904054
- eISBN:
- 9780226904078
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226904078.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter offers a series of questions and examines two further and related issues pertaining to the Enlightenment understood geographically. The first is to return to the theme of the ...
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This chapter offers a series of questions and examines two further and related issues pertaining to the Enlightenment understood geographically. The first is to return to the theme of the Enlightenment's “future geographies.” This is the view in the Enlightenment that progress meant betterment, that ideas of progress and reform were not just moral and intellectual issues but were materially “earthed” in the sense that political economists, philosophers, natural historians, and others could build a better physical environment by “seconding Nature” as Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de Buffon, had it, and by using the “Science of Man” and models of historical change to lay out new prospects. In short, the question asked is how did Enlightenment writers imagine the future geographically? The chapter considers modern moments and spaces of the Enlightenment's representation, its geographical “reenactment” even, in relation to the claims of those whose interests focus on the Enlightenment's continuing legacy.Less
This chapter offers a series of questions and examines two further and related issues pertaining to the Enlightenment understood geographically. The first is to return to the theme of the Enlightenment's “future geographies.” This is the view in the Enlightenment that progress meant betterment, that ideas of progress and reform were not just moral and intellectual issues but were materially “earthed” in the sense that political economists, philosophers, natural historians, and others could build a better physical environment by “seconding Nature” as Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de Buffon, had it, and by using the “Science of Man” and models of historical change to lay out new prospects. In short, the question asked is how did Enlightenment writers imagine the future geographically? The chapter considers modern moments and spaces of the Enlightenment's representation, its geographical “reenactment” even, in relation to the claims of those whose interests focus on the Enlightenment's continuing legacy.
Geir Lundestad
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- February 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199646104
- eISBN:
- 9780191803611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199646104.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Comparative Politics
This introductory chapter discusses how empires and Great Powers rise then inevitably fall, citing examples in history such as the Roman Empire, British Empire, and the Soviet Union. While America’s ...
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This introductory chapter discusses how empires and Great Powers rise then inevitably fall, citing examples in history such as the Roman Empire, British Empire, and the Soviet Union. While America’s fall has frequently been predicted, many Americans believe that the country’s predominance will last forever. Ronald Reagan proclaimed ‘morning in America’ and celebrated its uniqueness and exemption from the laws of history. However, many leading American political economists had been suggesting that, in various ways, the relative position of the United States was slipping. In contrast, a glorious future is predicted for China, with its booming economy and progress towards becoming the world’s leading power.Less
This introductory chapter discusses how empires and Great Powers rise then inevitably fall, citing examples in history such as the Roman Empire, British Empire, and the Soviet Union. While America’s fall has frequently been predicted, many Americans believe that the country’s predominance will last forever. Ronald Reagan proclaimed ‘morning in America’ and celebrated its uniqueness and exemption from the laws of history. However, many leading American political economists had been suggesting that, in various ways, the relative position of the United States was slipping. In contrast, a glorious future is predicted for China, with its booming economy and progress towards becoming the world’s leading power.
