Janne E. Gaub and Marthinus C. Koen
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781529205251
- eISBN:
- 9781529205299
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529205251.003.0010
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Police use of surveillance—and dataveillance—is not new. However, the increased reliance on video technology in particular has brought us into a new era of policing. Using Kelling and Moore’s (1988) ...
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Police use of surveillance—and dataveillance—is not new. However, the increased reliance on video technology in particular has brought us into a new era of policing. Using Kelling and Moore’s (1988) framework of policing history, we argue that video surveillance (CCTV, license plate readers, in-vehicle cameras, and now body-worn cameras) combined with the redirected focus from the war on terrorism has created a dataveillance era of policing.Less
Police use of surveillance—and dataveillance—is not new. However, the increased reliance on video technology in particular has brought us into a new era of policing. Using Kelling and Moore’s (1988) framework of policing history, we argue that video surveillance (CCTV, license plate readers, in-vehicle cameras, and now body-worn cameras) combined with the redirected focus from the war on terrorism has created a dataveillance era of policing.
Peter K. Manning
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226503516
- eISBN:
- 9780226503523
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226503523.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
The nature of police information, gathered in a context, means that innovations in technology do not have results consistent with an engineering-based information-driven conception of the impact of ...
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The nature of police information, gathered in a context, means that innovations in technology do not have results consistent with an engineering-based information-driven conception of the impact of information systems on organizational efficacy. The primary contingency of policing, the focus and theme of modern policing, patterns the work. A review of the types of technology that have been attractive to police suggests that mobility and weaponry still are considered the fundamentals and that training is least innovative. The transformative devices and new analytic devices have promise. A history of IT shows that a great critical mass of data or facts and some information are being gathered with no purpose, aim, or consequence. The core of policing, the patrol function, sets and determines how, why, and where what information is obtained, how it is processed, and what is and can be done with it. The introduction of new and more refined information systems is inconsistent with present practice. Future shifts toward prevention and software, mechanics, or equipment alone will not accomplish problem solving.Less
The nature of police information, gathered in a context, means that innovations in technology do not have results consistent with an engineering-based information-driven conception of the impact of information systems on organizational efficacy. The primary contingency of policing, the focus and theme of modern policing, patterns the work. A review of the types of technology that have been attractive to police suggests that mobility and weaponry still are considered the fundamentals and that training is least innovative. The transformative devices and new analytic devices have promise. A history of IT shows that a great critical mass of data or facts and some information are being gathered with no purpose, aim, or consequence. The core of policing, the patrol function, sets and determines how, why, and where what information is obtained, how it is processed, and what is and can be done with it. The introduction of new and more refined information systems is inconsistent with present practice. Future shifts toward prevention and software, mechanics, or equipment alone will not accomplish problem solving.
Michael D. White and Aili Malm
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479820177
- eISBN:
- 9781479865864
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479820177.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This book serves as the go-to resource for those who are interested in police body-worn cameras. The first part of the book (chapters 2 and 3) delves deeply into the claims made about BWCs by both ...
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This book serves as the go-to resource for those who are interested in police body-worn cameras. The first part of the book (chapters 2 and 3) delves deeply into the claims made about BWCs by both advocates and critics, coupled with an exhaustive examination of the research base on each of those claims. Moreover, throughout the book, there are quotes and vignettes from experts in the field who have hands-on experience with police BWCs to illustrate important points. The authors also offer insights on the potential reasons for variation in research findings. In chapter 4, they examine the past, present, and future of police BWCs through two different, complementary lenses. The first is the diffusion of innovations framework. The second lens is the evidence-based policing framework. Both the diffusion of innovation and evidence-based policing frameworks provide insights on the “how and why” questions regarding current rates of BWC adoption, and just as important, they provide an informed position to consider the prospects for BWCs in the future. There are two objectives in chapter 5. The first is a forward-looking review of the next set of challenges for BWC adopters. These challenge center on both human and technological elements of a BWC program. The second objective centers on the importance of planning and implementation. The book ends with a few important takeaway messages on the role of BWCs in policing and how the technology can help police to achieve their core mission.Less
This book serves as the go-to resource for those who are interested in police body-worn cameras. The first part of the book (chapters 2 and 3) delves deeply into the claims made about BWCs by both advocates and critics, coupled with an exhaustive examination of the research base on each of those claims. Moreover, throughout the book, there are quotes and vignettes from experts in the field who have hands-on experience with police BWCs to illustrate important points. The authors also offer insights on the potential reasons for variation in research findings. In chapter 4, they examine the past, present, and future of police BWCs through two different, complementary lenses. The first is the diffusion of innovations framework. The second lens is the evidence-based policing framework. Both the diffusion of innovation and evidence-based policing frameworks provide insights on the “how and why” questions regarding current rates of BWC adoption, and just as important, they provide an informed position to consider the prospects for BWCs in the future. There are two objectives in chapter 5. The first is a forward-looking review of the next set of challenges for BWC adopters. These challenge center on both human and technological elements of a BWC program. The second objective centers on the importance of planning and implementation. The book ends with a few important takeaway messages on the role of BWCs in policing and how the technology can help police to achieve their core mission.
Rajiv Shah and Brendan Mcquade
Larry Bennett, Roberta Garner, and Euan Hague (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040597
- eISBN:
- 9780252099038
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040597.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter summarizes the Chicago Police Department’s adoption of Intelligence-Led Policing (ILP) since the early-2000s as a crime prevention and deterrence strategy. It reviews the use of ...
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This chapter summarizes the Chicago Police Department’s adoption of Intelligence-Led Policing (ILP) since the early-2000s as a crime prevention and deterrence strategy. It reviews the use of technology such as police observation devices (cameras), the centralization of the Police Department’s data operations at the Crime Prevention and Information Center, a sophisticated data analytics “fusion center,” and examines changing technologies of surveillance used by the police. The authors discuss the integration of police surveillance with privately-owned and operated camera systems, and explore how systems like facial and license plate recognition software and gunshot prediction technologies are reshaping security and policing in Chicago. The chapter also assesses concerns about privacy and eroded civil rights provoked by the expanding use of ILP techniques and data.Less
This chapter summarizes the Chicago Police Department’s adoption of Intelligence-Led Policing (ILP) since the early-2000s as a crime prevention and deterrence strategy. It reviews the use of technology such as police observation devices (cameras), the centralization of the Police Department’s data operations at the Crime Prevention and Information Center, a sophisticated data analytics “fusion center,” and examines changing technologies of surveillance used by the police. The authors discuss the integration of police surveillance with privately-owned and operated camera systems, and explore how systems like facial and license plate recognition software and gunshot prediction technologies are reshaping security and policing in Chicago. The chapter also assesses concerns about privacy and eroded civil rights provoked by the expanding use of ILP techniques and data.
Sam Mitrani
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038068
- eISBN:
- 9780252095337
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038068.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines Chicago Mayor Carter Harrison's reorganization of the Chicago Police Department to increase its legitimacy and usefulness during the first half of the 1880s. The events of the ...
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This chapter examines Chicago Mayor Carter Harrison's reorganization of the Chicago Police Department to increase its legitimacy and usefulness during the first half of the 1880s. The events of the 1870s set the stage for an unprecedented strengthening of the police department in the first half of the 1880s. At the beginning of the decade, the police force was undermanned and lacked legitimacy among the majority of Chicago's population. The police were chastised by elite observers for corruption and inefficiency and viewed by the working class as little more than servants of the rich. This chapter discusses the measures adopted by Harrison to rehabilitate the police department's image, such as improving police technology; maintaining police neutrality in strikes; initiating civil service reform; giving the department a new set of social-service responsibilities; giving the police new incentives; and hiring a more ethnically representative group of police officers.Less
This chapter examines Chicago Mayor Carter Harrison's reorganization of the Chicago Police Department to increase its legitimacy and usefulness during the first half of the 1880s. The events of the 1870s set the stage for an unprecedented strengthening of the police department in the first half of the 1880s. At the beginning of the decade, the police force was undermanned and lacked legitimacy among the majority of Chicago's population. The police were chastised by elite observers for corruption and inefficiency and viewed by the working class as little more than servants of the rich. This chapter discusses the measures adopted by Harrison to rehabilitate the police department's image, such as improving police technology; maintaining police neutrality in strikes; initiating civil service reform; giving the department a new set of social-service responsibilities; giving the police new incentives; and hiring a more ethnically representative group of police officers.
Nigel G. Fielding
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- October 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198817475
- eISBN:
- 9780191859434
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198817475.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
Chapter 3 discusses the implications of managerialism and organizational structure for police professionalism, with a substantial discussion of the role of Police and Crime Commissioners. It looks at ...
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Chapter 3 discusses the implications of managerialism and organizational structure for police professionalism, with a substantial discussion of the role of Police and Crime Commissioners. It looks at two principal aspects of the contemporary managerial agenda—the use of targets and Key Performance Indicators, and the drive for force amalgamations and mergers. It sets this agenda in the context of the individual officer’s accommodation to the police organization. Technology is a mark of the twenty-first century and the chapter considers both conventional ‘blunderbuss’ technologies and the rising importance of social media, forensic use of DNA, and techniques for combatting cybercrime. It highlights three distinctive challenges of contemporary times: domestic abuse, mental health, and organized/gang crime. It closes by considering the importance of community policing to the public, its effectiveness, and the challenge it poses to training.Less
Chapter 3 discusses the implications of managerialism and organizational structure for police professionalism, with a substantial discussion of the role of Police and Crime Commissioners. It looks at two principal aspects of the contemporary managerial agenda—the use of targets and Key Performance Indicators, and the drive for force amalgamations and mergers. It sets this agenda in the context of the individual officer’s accommodation to the police organization. Technology is a mark of the twenty-first century and the chapter considers both conventional ‘blunderbuss’ technologies and the rising importance of social media, forensic use of DNA, and techniques for combatting cybercrime. It highlights three distinctive challenges of contemporary times: domestic abuse, mental health, and organized/gang crime. It closes by considering the importance of community policing to the public, its effectiveness, and the challenge it poses to training.
