Ken Gregory
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262863
- eISBN:
- 9780191734076
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262863.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
The evolution of physical geography in Britain over the last 100 years cannot be divorced from developments elsewhere, and by the year 2000 it had become increasingly difficult to distinguish ...
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The evolution of physical geography in Britain over the last 100 years cannot be divorced from developments elsewhere, and by the year 2000 it had become increasingly difficult to distinguish physical geography from other disciplines. Some periods have shown a net gain, during which British physical geography assimilated and responded to trends developed elsewhere, whereas in others British trends provided a lead (especially reflecting the inspiration given by particular individuals) that has been perceived to be internationally influential. Whereas nineteenth-century geography was more holistic in character, it is ironic that for much of the twentieth century it became increasingly reductionist, with the development of many separate sub-fields succeeded by trends, very evident at the millennium, of a discipline seeking holism again — clearly linking with environmental science. The foundations of twentieth-century British physical geography included a major component derived from geology.Less
The evolution of physical geography in Britain over the last 100 years cannot be divorced from developments elsewhere, and by the year 2000 it had become increasingly difficult to distinguish physical geography from other disciplines. Some periods have shown a net gain, during which British physical geography assimilated and responded to trends developed elsewhere, whereas in others British trends provided a lead (especially reflecting the inspiration given by particular individuals) that has been perceived to be internationally influential. Whereas nineteenth-century geography was more holistic in character, it is ironic that for much of the twentieth century it became increasingly reductionist, with the development of many separate sub-fields succeeded by trends, very evident at the millennium, of a discipline seeking holism again — clearly linking with environmental science. The foundations of twentieth-century British physical geography included a major component derived from geology.
Robert J. Bennett and Alan G. Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262863
- eISBN:
- 9780191734076
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262863.003.0014
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
This chapter discusses the main trends and the most prominent focuses of research regarding geography as an applied discipline. It concentrates on the contributions of geographers in Britain and the ...
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This chapter discusses the main trends and the most prominent focuses of research regarding geography as an applied discipline. It concentrates on the contributions of geographers in Britain and the applied developments in human geography. The development of physical geography and earth sciences has been particularly influential on the development of applied geography at various stages. The chapter also examines regional planning and policy, town and country planning, land use planning and other specific fields.Less
This chapter discusses the main trends and the most prominent focuses of research regarding geography as an applied discipline. It concentrates on the contributions of geographers in Britain and the applied developments in human geography. The development of physical geography and earth sciences has been particularly influential on the development of applied geography at various stages. The chapter also examines regional planning and policy, town and country planning, land use planning and other specific fields.
Michael Williams and Ron Johnston
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262863
- eISBN:
- 9780191734076
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262863.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
Geography straddles the main divide within academic life, with the humanities and social sciences on the one side and the natural and life sciences on the other. The discipline's roots lie in both ...
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Geography straddles the main divide within academic life, with the humanities and social sciences on the one side and the natural and life sciences on the other. The discipline's roots lie in both traditions, but as it evolved into a fully-fledged research discipline in the second half of the twentieth century, so a split became increasingly apparent between physical geography and human geography. This book explores the history of British geography, focusing on the long period before its formal institution as an academic discipline within the country's universities as well as the process of institutionalisation. It discusses various themes, including the environment and place; space, maps and mapping; geography as ‘useful knowledge’; and physical geography.Less
Geography straddles the main divide within academic life, with the humanities and social sciences on the one side and the natural and life sciences on the other. The discipline's roots lie in both traditions, but as it evolved into a fully-fledged research discipline in the second half of the twentieth century, so a split became increasingly apparent between physical geography and human geography. This book explores the history of British geography, focusing on the long period before its formal institution as an academic discipline within the country's universities as well as the process of institutionalisation. It discusses various themes, including the environment and place; space, maps and mapping; geography as ‘useful knowledge’; and physical geography.
Martin Schöneld
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195132182
- eISBN:
- 9780199786336
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195132181.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter explores Kant’s second book, Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755). Section 1 describes the context of the book and Kant’s critique of static and anthropocentric ...
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This chapter explores Kant’s second book, Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755). Section 1 describes the context of the book and Kant’s critique of static and anthropocentric conceptions of nature by the Pietists, Physico-Theologians, Newton, and Wolff. Section 2 describes the goal of Kant’s teleology, its naturalized thrust toward well-ordered complexity or “relative perfection.” Section 3 examines the means of Kant”s teleology, the dynamic interplay of attractive and repulsive forces. Section 4 analyzes the application of teleology to cosmic phenomena such as the solar system, Wright’s earlier stipulation, Laplace’s later conjecture, and the eventual confirmation of Kant’s nebular hypothesis. Section 5 explores Kant’s arguments for life, humanity, and reason as products of cosmic evolution. Section 6 discusses Kant’s “static law” — that the mean planetary density determines the biospherical potential of reason — and its incongruity with the racism in Physical Geography (1756-60) and Beautiful and Sublime (1764). Section 7 describes Kant’s dynamic cosmology, explicates his “phoenix”-symbol, and discusses his various scientific aperçus.Less
This chapter explores Kant’s second book, Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens (1755). Section 1 describes the context of the book and Kant’s critique of static and anthropocentric conceptions of nature by the Pietists, Physico-Theologians, Newton, and Wolff. Section 2 describes the goal of Kant’s teleology, its naturalized thrust toward well-ordered complexity or “relative perfection.” Section 3 examines the means of Kant”s teleology, the dynamic interplay of attractive and repulsive forces. Section 4 analyzes the application of teleology to cosmic phenomena such as the solar system, Wright’s earlier stipulation, Laplace’s later conjecture, and the eventual confirmation of Kant’s nebular hypothesis. Section 5 explores Kant’s arguments for life, humanity, and reason as products of cosmic evolution. Section 6 discusses Kant’s “static law” — that the mean planetary density determines the biospherical potential of reason — and its incongruity with the racism in Physical Geography (1756-60) and Beautiful and Sublime (1764). Section 7 describes Kant’s dynamic cosmology, explicates his “phoenix”-symbol, and discusses his various scientific aperçus.
John B. Thornes
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262863
- eISBN:
- 9780191734076
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262863.003.0015
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
Within geography, physical geography is concerned with the characteristics of the natural environment, the atmosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere; how they influence human activities and how ...
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Within geography, physical geography is concerned with the characteristics of the natural environment, the atmosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere; how they influence human activities and how they are affected by them across the face of the globe. It comprises geomorphology, climatology and biogeography, and proceeds by monitoring, modelling and managing environmental change. Geographical research at first concentrated on the direct impacts of glaciation on the geomorphology of Britain, such as the glacial erosion of northern Britain and its indirect impacts, especially the effects of changing sea levels. Physical geographers in the last 100 years have taken some comfort from the knowledge that their skills are applied in matters of public interest and importance. Now the pace of global environmental change is such that these skills will be essential in the next 100 years, in solving some of the great contemporary environmental problems such as global warming, the global disappearance of forests, desertification and water pollution.Less
Within geography, physical geography is concerned with the characteristics of the natural environment, the atmosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere; how they influence human activities and how they are affected by them across the face of the globe. It comprises geomorphology, climatology and biogeography, and proceeds by monitoring, modelling and managing environmental change. Geographical research at first concentrated on the direct impacts of glaciation on the geomorphology of Britain, such as the glacial erosion of northern Britain and its indirect impacts, especially the effects of changing sea levels. Physical geographers in the last 100 years have taken some comfort from the knowledge that their skills are applied in matters of public interest and importance. Now the pace of global environmental change is such that these skills will be essential in the next 100 years, in solving some of the great contemporary environmental problems such as global warming, the global disappearance of forests, desertification and water pollution.
Robert B. Louden
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199768714
- eISBN:
- 9780190267599
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199768714.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter discusses the aims behind Kant’s physical geography courses, which provide the groundwork for his later discourse on anthropology. Kant aims to make his courses entertaining and, above ...
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This chapter discusses the aims behind Kant’s physical geography courses, which provide the groundwork for his later discourse on anthropology. Kant aims to make his courses entertaining and, above all, practical. Indeed, pragmatism in general is a common strain among Kant’s works; in this case, this pragmatic approach sets expectations for his students when they eventually traverse to their “destiny”—the world at large. These lectures encourage a cosmopolitan view of a world thriving in natural diversity. However, Kant’s lectures had relied on racial stereotypes when presenting his students with a comprehensive view of the human species. Kant’s essays on anthropology and history are much more encouraging, however—in them are the seeds of a more cosmopolitically-oriented world—one that strives to unite the varied topography of the human species.Less
This chapter discusses the aims behind Kant’s physical geography courses, which provide the groundwork for his later discourse on anthropology. Kant aims to make his courses entertaining and, above all, practical. Indeed, pragmatism in general is a common strain among Kant’s works; in this case, this pragmatic approach sets expectations for his students when they eventually traverse to their “destiny”—the world at large. These lectures encourage a cosmopolitan view of a world thriving in natural diversity. However, Kant’s lectures had relied on racial stereotypes when presenting his students with a comprehensive view of the human species. Kant’s essays on anthropology and history are much more encouraging, however—in them are the seeds of a more cosmopolitically-oriented world—one that strives to unite the varied topography of the human species.
Elizabeth A. Kirk and Alison D. Reeves
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199260744
- eISBN:
- 9780191698675
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199260744.003.0026
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
Through examining how environmental standards for controlling the spread of pollution have increasingly developed, this chapter looks into how law and physical geography are connected, particularly ...
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Through examining how environmental standards for controlling the spread of pollution have increasingly developed, this chapter looks into how law and physical geography are connected, particularly in the context of how environmental regulation has developed. As disciplines, law and physical geography influence how these said regulations take shape. Because of such and certain standards, however, the need to explore how policy-makers may miss out on some options and instead resort to more ‘manageable’ options arises. As it is important to first be familiar with the nature of the problem that is to be subjected to regulation, this chapter also investigates on the extent to which such restrictions may be brought about by path dependency through the existence of various disciplinary and ontological commitments.Less
Through examining how environmental standards for controlling the spread of pollution have increasingly developed, this chapter looks into how law and physical geography are connected, particularly in the context of how environmental regulation has developed. As disciplines, law and physical geography influence how these said regulations take shape. Because of such and certain standards, however, the need to explore how policy-makers may miss out on some options and instead resort to more ‘manageable’ options arises. As it is important to first be familiar with the nature of the problem that is to be subjected to regulation, this chapter also investigates on the extent to which such restrictions may be brought about by path dependency through the existence of various disciplinary and ontological commitments.
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226904054
- eISBN:
- 9780226904078
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226904078.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter examines what George Vancouver succinctly termed the “ardour of the present age, to discover and delineate the true geography of the earth.” In the undertaking of this “true geography,” ...
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This chapter examines what George Vancouver succinctly termed the “ardour of the present age, to discover and delineate the true geography of the earth.” In the undertaking of this “true geography,” the encounter with the physical globe took the form of primary survey, that is, it involved the “in-the-field” enumeration of natural knowledge, its classification, and the role of system. To those undertaking in various ways what contemporaries understood as physical geography, the task was huge, the object seemingly without order. In his Histoire naturelle, Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de Buffon, captures here two things about natural philosophy and Enlightenment study of the terraqueous globe: the sheer scale of what there was to know, and the role of systematizing what was known and how it was known.Less
This chapter examines what George Vancouver succinctly termed the “ardour of the present age, to discover and delineate the true geography of the earth.” In the undertaking of this “true geography,” the encounter with the physical globe took the form of primary survey, that is, it involved the “in-the-field” enumeration of natural knowledge, its classification, and the role of system. To those undertaking in various ways what contemporaries understood as physical geography, the task was huge, the object seemingly without order. In his Histoire naturelle, Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de Buffon, captures here two things about natural philosophy and Enlightenment study of the terraqueous globe: the sheer scale of what there was to know, and the role of systematizing what was known and how it was known.
Jann Pasler
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520257405
- eISBN:
- 9780520943872
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520257405.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Theory, Analysis, Composition
This chapter introduces the city of Paris. It shows that one can easily find the distinction of French faith or French culture in the use of the arts (such as music) within the physical geography of ...
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This chapter introduces the city of Paris. It shows that one can easily find the distinction of French faith or French culture in the use of the arts (such as music) within the physical geography of the city. It describes the structure of Paris as a possible model for thinking about the structure of the musical world. It then studies the Parisian landscape and topography, as well as the apparent web of symbolic relationships that are present. Next it views the city as a context for everyday life, thus turning the various monuments, structures, and urban occurrences into frameworks for what Michel de Certeau calls the “regimes of domination and control.” It also shows how the official structures in Paris orient and elevate certain perspectives. The final part of the chapter explains the main purpose of the book and discusses the legacy of the Third Republic.Less
This chapter introduces the city of Paris. It shows that one can easily find the distinction of French faith or French culture in the use of the arts (such as music) within the physical geography of the city. It describes the structure of Paris as a possible model for thinking about the structure of the musical world. It then studies the Parisian landscape and topography, as well as the apparent web of symbolic relationships that are present. Next it views the city as a context for everyday life, thus turning the various monuments, structures, and urban occurrences into frameworks for what Michel de Certeau calls the “regimes of domination and control.” It also shows how the official structures in Paris orient and elevate certain perspectives. The final part of the chapter explains the main purpose of the book and discusses the legacy of the Third Republic.
THOMAS P. POWER
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203162
- eISBN:
- 9780191675768
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203162.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to profile of the experience of one crucial Irish county — Tipperary — in a critical and formative period of the 18th ...
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This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to profile of the experience of one crucial Irish county — Tipperary — in a critical and formative period of the 18th century. This regional dimension serves to indicate that select areas of the country in this period were not uniformly backward, subservient politically, or narrowly localized and uninfluential in their preoccupations as might initially be assumed. The chapter then presents an overview of the county’s physical geography, climate, history, courts, and land owners.Less
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to profile of the experience of one crucial Irish county — Tipperary — in a critical and formative period of the 18th century. This regional dimension serves to indicate that select areas of the country in this period were not uniformly backward, subservient politically, or narrowly localized and uninfluential in their preoccupations as might initially be assumed. The chapter then presents an overview of the county’s physical geography, climate, history, courts, and land owners.
Deborah R. Coen
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226398822
- eISBN:
- 9780226555027
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226555027.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This is the first of four chapters that focus on the problems of scale facing the scientific servants of the Habsburg Monarchy and the representational techniques they developed in response. Chapter ...
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This is the first of four chapters that focus on the problems of scale facing the scientific servants of the Habsburg Monarchy and the representational techniques they developed in response. Chapter Five traces the rise of cartographic and painterly efforts to achieve a synthetic overview of the Monarchy. It begins by exploring the vision of Friedrich Simony, the geologist, landscape painter, and founder of the academic discipline of physical geography. It then turns to the technical challenges of visualizing “unity in diversity” as they played out particularly in the construction of geological and climatological maps. In climatology, this challenge generated statistical and cartographic methods that made it possible to visualize locally confined, short-lived phenomena within an image of the climatic conditions of the Monarchy as a whole. By following these innovations, Chapter Five shows how the eighteenth century’s static, regional image of climate began to give way to a dynamic and multi-scalar view.Less
This is the first of four chapters that focus on the problems of scale facing the scientific servants of the Habsburg Monarchy and the representational techniques they developed in response. Chapter Five traces the rise of cartographic and painterly efforts to achieve a synthetic overview of the Monarchy. It begins by exploring the vision of Friedrich Simony, the geologist, landscape painter, and founder of the academic discipline of physical geography. It then turns to the technical challenges of visualizing “unity in diversity” as they played out particularly in the construction of geological and climatological maps. In climatology, this challenge generated statistical and cartographic methods that made it possible to visualize locally confined, short-lived phenomena within an image of the climatic conditions of the Monarchy as a whole. By following these innovations, Chapter Five shows how the eighteenth century’s static, regional image of climate began to give way to a dynamic and multi-scalar view.
Robert M. Townsend
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199533237
- eISBN:
- 9780191594892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199533237.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter spatially disaggregates the national economy into provinces, counties (amphoes), villages, households, and individuals. Provincial product displays great differences from high to low, in ...
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This chapter spatially disaggregates the national economy into provinces, counties (amphoes), villages, households, and individuals. Provincial product displays great differences from high to low, in poverty and in the fractions attributed to manufacturing and agriculture. Inequality in provincial income from manufacturing is much greater than inequality in non-farm income in household surveys. A simple model can explain much of the apparent difference. Projections establish the spatiotemporal patterns of income growth with initial concentration, then relatively dramatic convergence. Across-village inequality is high when the level of income is low within provinces. Household income change is hard to predict from macro/temporal shocks alone. Occupation, geography, and ground cover matter. More generally, households experience a variety of idiosyncratic and regional shocks. Households vary in diversification strategies, such as migration. Northeast Thailand, for example, differs dramatically after decades of growth from its Mekong basin counterparts in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.Less
This chapter spatially disaggregates the national economy into provinces, counties (amphoes), villages, households, and individuals. Provincial product displays great differences from high to low, in poverty and in the fractions attributed to manufacturing and agriculture. Inequality in provincial income from manufacturing is much greater than inequality in non-farm income in household surveys. A simple model can explain much of the apparent difference. Projections establish the spatiotemporal patterns of income growth with initial concentration, then relatively dramatic convergence. Across-village inequality is high when the level of income is low within provinces. Household income change is hard to predict from macro/temporal shocks alone. Occupation, geography, and ground cover matter. More generally, households experience a variety of idiosyncratic and regional shocks. Households vary in diversification strategies, such as migration. Northeast Thailand, for example, differs dramatically after decades of growth from its Mekong basin counterparts in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
Stephen Gaukroger
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198757634
- eISBN:
- 9780191817366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198757634.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
The natural history of man comprises comparative anatomy; what in the eighteenth century was termed ‘physical geography’ (in more modern terms a mix of human geography and physical geography), which ...
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The natural history of man comprises comparative anatomy; what in the eighteenth century was termed ‘physical geography’ (in more modern terms a mix of human geography and physical geography), which attempts to identify the environmental factors that shape human behaviour; human variation, such as racial variation, and its significance; and the external marks of character, notably physiognomy, craniology, and phrenology. Crucial to this comparative exercise are the questions of whether there is any continuity between apes and humans, what the standing of seemingly half animal/half human feral children is, whether there is a continuity between human races or whether they have separate origins, whether physical differences between men and women extend beyond their reproductive organs, and more generally whether significant differences are due to environmental or intrinsic factors.Less
The natural history of man comprises comparative anatomy; what in the eighteenth century was termed ‘physical geography’ (in more modern terms a mix of human geography and physical geography), which attempts to identify the environmental factors that shape human behaviour; human variation, such as racial variation, and its significance; and the external marks of character, notably physiognomy, craniology, and phrenology. Crucial to this comparative exercise are the questions of whether there is any continuity between apes and humans, what the standing of seemingly half animal/half human feral children is, whether there is a continuity between human races or whether they have separate origins, whether physical differences between men and women extend beyond their reproductive organs, and more generally whether significant differences are due to environmental or intrinsic factors.
Richard T. Corlett
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- August 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198817017
- eISBN:
- 9780191858703
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198817017.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
Tropical East Asia is home to over 1 billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of its forest cover and ...
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Tropical East Asia is home to over 1 billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of its forest cover and has the highest rates of deforestation and logging in the tropics. Hunting and the trade in wildlife products threaten all its large and many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, the region still supports an estimated 15–25 per cent of global terrestrial biodiversity and is thus a key focus for global conservation. This book therefore deals with plants, animals, and the ecosystems they inhabit, as well as the diverse threats to their survival and the options for their conservation. It provides the background knowledge of the region’s ecology needed by both specialists and non-specialists to put their own work into a broader context. The first edition was the first book to describe the terrestrial ecology of the entire East Asian tropics and subtropics, from southern China to western Indonesia, and the second edition extended the coverage to include the very similar ecosystems of Northeast India, Bangladesh, and Bhutan. The third edition updates the contents and gives more prominence to Anthropocene impacts and possible conservation responses. The accessible style, comprehensive coverage, and engaging illustrations make this advanced textbook an essential read for senior undergraduate and graduate-level students studying the terrestrial ecology of the East Asian tropics, as well as an authoritative reference for professional ecologists, conservationists, and interested amateurs worldwide.Less
Tropical East Asia is home to over 1 billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of its forest cover and has the highest rates of deforestation and logging in the tropics. Hunting and the trade in wildlife products threaten all its large and many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, the region still supports an estimated 15–25 per cent of global terrestrial biodiversity and is thus a key focus for global conservation. This book therefore deals with plants, animals, and the ecosystems they inhabit, as well as the diverse threats to their survival and the options for their conservation. It provides the background knowledge of the region’s ecology needed by both specialists and non-specialists to put their own work into a broader context. The first edition was the first book to describe the terrestrial ecology of the entire East Asian tropics and subtropics, from southern China to western Indonesia, and the second edition extended the coverage to include the very similar ecosystems of Northeast India, Bangladesh, and Bhutan. The third edition updates the contents and gives more prominence to Anthropocene impacts and possible conservation responses. The accessible style, comprehensive coverage, and engaging illustrations make this advanced textbook an essential read for senior undergraduate and graduate-level students studying the terrestrial ecology of the East Asian tropics, as well as an authoritative reference for professional ecologists, conservationists, and interested amateurs worldwide.
Evgeny Finkel
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691172576
- eISBN:
- 9781400884926
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691172576.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines evasion—an attempt to escape persecution by hiding, emigrating, or assuming a false identity—as a Jewish survival strategy during the Holocaust. It compares evasion patterns in ...
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This chapter examines evasion—an attempt to escape persecution by hiding, emigrating, or assuming a false identity—as a Jewish survival strategy during the Holocaust. It compares evasion patterns in Minsk, Kraków, and Białystok and considers which factors were the most important in contributing to the Jews' decision to evade. There were people who helped the Jews in their quest for evasion. If Jews were helped because of the rescuers' personality traits, psychology, and humanistic worldviews, then there should not be any noticeable patterns in who exactly was rescued and sheltered. The chapter shows that the rescuers, even if guided by altruism, tended to help Jews they knew personally. The chapter also explores how human and physical geography influences the adoption (if not always the success) of the evasion strategy.Less
This chapter examines evasion—an attempt to escape persecution by hiding, emigrating, or assuming a false identity—as a Jewish survival strategy during the Holocaust. It compares evasion patterns in Minsk, Kraków, and Białystok and considers which factors were the most important in contributing to the Jews' decision to evade. There were people who helped the Jews in their quest for evasion. If Jews were helped because of the rescuers' personality traits, psychology, and humanistic worldviews, then there should not be any noticeable patterns in who exactly was rescued and sheltered. The chapter shows that the rescuers, even if guided by altruism, tended to help Jews they knew personally. The chapter also explores how human and physical geography influences the adoption (if not always the success) of the evasion strategy.
Roger Wagner and Andrew Briggs
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198747956
- eISBN:
- 9780191810909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198747956.003.0037
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This chapter focusses on the work and correspondence between Darwin and Herschel. It describes how Darwin asked his publishers to send Herschel a copy of On the Origin of Species following its ...
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This chapter focusses on the work and correspondence between Darwin and Herschel. It describes how Darwin asked his publishers to send Herschel a copy of On the Origin of Species following its publication; Herschel later sent Darwin a signed copy of the second edition of his own book, Physical Geography. It also discusses how their religious convictions moved in somewhat different directions over the course of their lives. As he grew older, and particularly after his marriage, Herschel’s religious feelings seemed to grow warmer and deeper. In contrast, Darwin, in the autobiography that he wrote for his family in 1876, described how in the years after returning from his travels he had gradually come ‘to disbelieve in Christianity as divine revelation’.Less
This chapter focusses on the work and correspondence between Darwin and Herschel. It describes how Darwin asked his publishers to send Herschel a copy of On the Origin of Species following its publication; Herschel later sent Darwin a signed copy of the second edition of his own book, Physical Geography. It also discusses how their religious convictions moved in somewhat different directions over the course of their lives. As he grew older, and particularly after his marriage, Herschel’s religious feelings seemed to grow warmer and deeper. In contrast, Darwin, in the autobiography that he wrote for his family in 1876, described how in the years after returning from his travels he had gradually come ‘to disbelieve in Christianity as divine revelation’.
Richard T. Corlett
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199681341
- eISBN:
- 9780191789175
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681341.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology
Tropical East Asia is home to over one billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than two-thirds of its forest ...
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Tropical East Asia is home to over one billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than two-thirds of its forest cover and has the highest rates of deforestation and logging in the tropics. Hunting and the relentless trade in wildlife products threatens all its large and many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, the region still supports an estimated 15–25% of global terrestrial biodiversity and is therefore a key area for conservation. Effective conservation action depends on understanding ecological patterns and processes in the region, but previously information was scattered among numerous publications in several different languages. This book describes the terrestrial ecology of the entire East Asian tropics and subtropics, from southern China to western Indonesia. This edition updates the contents and extends the coverage to include the similar ecosystems of northeast India. The book deals with plants, animals, and the ecosystems they inhabit, as well as the diverse threats to their survival and the options for conservation. It provides the background knowledge of the region’s ecology needed by both specialists and non-specialists to put their own work into a broader context.Less
Tropical East Asia is home to over one billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than two-thirds of its forest cover and has the highest rates of deforestation and logging in the tropics. Hunting and the relentless trade in wildlife products threatens all its large and many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, the region still supports an estimated 15–25% of global terrestrial biodiversity and is therefore a key area for conservation. Effective conservation action depends on understanding ecological patterns and processes in the region, but previously information was scattered among numerous publications in several different languages. This book describes the terrestrial ecology of the entire East Asian tropics and subtropics, from southern China to western Indonesia. This edition updates the contents and extends the coverage to include the similar ecosystems of northeast India. The book deals with plants, animals, and the ecosystems they inhabit, as well as the diverse threats to their survival and the options for conservation. It provides the background knowledge of the region’s ecology needed by both specialists and non-specialists to put their own work into a broader context.
