Michael M. Delmonte
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198521945
- eISBN:
- 9780191688478
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198521945.003.0007
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter reviews research which has examined personality changes associated with meditation practice. It presents a hierarchy of studies based on their methodological ...
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This chapter reviews research which has examined personality changes associated with meditation practice. It presents a hierarchy of studies based on their methodological sophistication and shows that most research interest has focused on the effects of meditation on anxiety. It reviews and presents conclusions about research examining the effects of meditation on anxiety, self-esteem, self-actualization, locus of control, introversion-extraversion, depression, and psychosomatic symptomatology. The chapter cautions that the causes of personality change associated with meditation practice cannot be attributed to meditation itself (as opposed to other non-specific factors) until more sophisticated research is conducted.Less
This chapter reviews research which has examined personality changes associated with meditation practice. It presents a hierarchy of studies based on their methodological sophistication and shows that most research interest has focused on the effects of meditation on anxiety. It reviews and presents conclusions about research examining the effects of meditation on anxiety, self-esteem, self-actualization, locus of control, introversion-extraversion, depression, and psychosomatic symptomatology. The chapter cautions that the causes of personality change associated with meditation practice cannot be attributed to meditation itself (as opposed to other non-specific factors) until more sophisticated research is conducted.
Patrick McNamara
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262016087
- eISBN:
- 9780262298360
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262016087.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) suffer most visibly with such motor deficits as tremor and rigidity and less obviously with a range of nonmotor symptoms, including autonomic dysfunction, mood ...
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Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) suffer most visibly with such motor deficits as tremor and rigidity and less obviously with a range of nonmotor symptoms, including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, and cognitive impairment. The neuropsychiatric disturbances of PD can be as disabling as its motor disorders, but they have only recently begun to be studied intensively by clinicians and scientists. This book examines the major neuropsychiatric syndromes of PD in detail and offers a cognitive theory that accounts for both their neurology and their phenomenology. It offers a review of knowledge of such neuropsychiatric manifestations of PD as cognitive deficits, personality changes, speech and language symptoms, sleep disorders, apathy, psychosis, and dementia. The author argues that the cognitive, mood, and personality symptoms of PD stem from the weakening or suppression of the agentic aspects of the self. The author’s study aims to arrive at a better understanding of the human mind and its breakdown patterns in patients with PD. The human mind-brain is an elaborate and complex structure patched together to produce what we call the self. When we observe the disruption of the self structure, which occurs with the various neuropsychiatric disorders associated with PD, the author argues, we get a glimpse into the inner workings of the most spectacular structure of the self: The agentic self, the self that acts.Less
Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) suffer most visibly with such motor deficits as tremor and rigidity and less obviously with a range of nonmotor symptoms, including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, and cognitive impairment. The neuropsychiatric disturbances of PD can be as disabling as its motor disorders, but they have only recently begun to be studied intensively by clinicians and scientists. This book examines the major neuropsychiatric syndromes of PD in detail and offers a cognitive theory that accounts for both their neurology and their phenomenology. It offers a review of knowledge of such neuropsychiatric manifestations of PD as cognitive deficits, personality changes, speech and language symptoms, sleep disorders, apathy, psychosis, and dementia. The author argues that the cognitive, mood, and personality symptoms of PD stem from the weakening or suppression of the agentic aspects of the self. The author’s study aims to arrive at a better understanding of the human mind and its breakdown patterns in patients with PD. The human mind-brain is an elaborate and complex structure patched together to produce what we call the self. When we observe the disruption of the self structure, which occurs with the various neuropsychiatric disorders associated with PD, the author argues, we get a glimpse into the inner workings of the most spectacular structure of the self: The agentic self, the self that acts.
Michael W. Pratt and M. Kyle Matsuba
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- June 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199934263
- eISBN:
- 9780190883126
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199934263.003.0011
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
Chapter 11 summarizes the reviews of evidence and research across the various life domains covered in the previous chapters. It covers all three levels of the McAdams and Pals model of personality, ...
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Chapter 11 summarizes the reviews of evidence and research across the various life domains covered in the previous chapters. It covers all three levels of the McAdams and Pals model of personality, but focuses most intensively on the life story. The authors discuss their preliminary longitudinal work from the Canadian Futures Study sample around a series of issues that have been of interest to the field of personality development, such as the “social investment” model of Roberts and colleagues regarding the impact on personality of the transition into adulthood roles, the relations between earlier family life and the developing adult life story, and the integration of the life story into the broader personality as depicted in the McAdams and Pals model. Finally, the chapter ends with some reflections on directions for future research and theory on personality development in emerging adulthood and beyond.Less
Chapter 11 summarizes the reviews of evidence and research across the various life domains covered in the previous chapters. It covers all three levels of the McAdams and Pals model of personality, but focuses most intensively on the life story. The authors discuss their preliminary longitudinal work from the Canadian Futures Study sample around a series of issues that have been of interest to the field of personality development, such as the “social investment” model of Roberts and colleagues regarding the impact on personality of the transition into adulthood roles, the relations between earlier family life and the developing adult life story, and the integration of the life story into the broader personality as depicted in the McAdams and Pals model. Finally, the chapter ends with some reflections on directions for future research and theory on personality development in emerging adulthood and beyond.
Mark Attiah
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198727392
- eISBN:
- 9780191835230
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198727392.003.0009
- Subject:
- Psychology, Psychopharmacology, Cognitive Neuroscience
The phrase “brain stimulation” conjures a vast range of emotions from different segments of society, with fear or apprehension being a common and understandable reaction. The brain reigns as the ...
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The phrase “brain stimulation” conjures a vast range of emotions from different segments of society, with fear or apprehension being a common and understandable reaction. The brain reigns as the control center for breathing, eating, and moving, to relating, feeling, and understanding. Changing these functions with electricity or magnetism can fundamentally change how we interact with our environment and one another. Even if this change is beneficial, there can still be a cause for concern. Brain stimulation technologies are currently used for several therapeutic purposes, but they also have the potential for enhancing those without an illness. Enjoying the advantages that enhancement might bring could be intoxicating, as can be the case with having great wealth, prestige, beauty, or athletic ability. This chapter explores the implications of such possible enhancement uses, as well as the notion that it could create a dependence on the stimulation akin to an addiction.Less
The phrase “brain stimulation” conjures a vast range of emotions from different segments of society, with fear or apprehension being a common and understandable reaction. The brain reigns as the control center for breathing, eating, and moving, to relating, feeling, and understanding. Changing these functions with electricity or magnetism can fundamentally change how we interact with our environment and one another. Even if this change is beneficial, there can still be a cause for concern. Brain stimulation technologies are currently used for several therapeutic purposes, but they also have the potential for enhancing those without an illness. Enjoying the advantages that enhancement might bring could be intoxicating, as can be the case with having great wealth, prestige, beauty, or athletic ability. This chapter explores the implications of such possible enhancement uses, as well as the notion that it could create a dependence on the stimulation akin to an addiction.
Troy Rondinone
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037375
- eISBN:
- 9780252094668
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037375.003.0015
- Subject:
- Sociology, Sport and Leisure
This chapter first describes the physical toll boxing took on boxers such as Gaspar Ortega and Emile Griffith. Research shows that boxers suffer disproportionally from neurological damage. The ...
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This chapter first describes the physical toll boxing took on boxers such as Gaspar Ortega and Emile Griffith. Research shows that boxers suffer disproportionally from neurological damage. The scientific term for it is chronic traumatic brain injury. The results are permanent and progressive. Symptoms include Parkinsonism, dementia, personality changes, and cerebellum dysfunction. Gaspar began suffering from nightmares. Griffith exhibited brain damage while Don Jordan lost his mind as well. The remainder of the chapter details Gaspar's life and activities after retiring from boxing. The brain damage that wiped the joy out of the golden years of so many of this boxing cohort did not strike Gaspar. He attributes this to his defensive, slippery style. Though he is occasionally off balance when he walks, that is minor compared to the devastation that brought such misery to so many other retired fighters.Less
This chapter first describes the physical toll boxing took on boxers such as Gaspar Ortega and Emile Griffith. Research shows that boxers suffer disproportionally from neurological damage. The scientific term for it is chronic traumatic brain injury. The results are permanent and progressive. Symptoms include Parkinsonism, dementia, personality changes, and cerebellum dysfunction. Gaspar began suffering from nightmares. Griffith exhibited brain damage while Don Jordan lost his mind as well. The remainder of the chapter details Gaspar's life and activities after retiring from boxing. The brain damage that wiped the joy out of the golden years of so many of this boxing cohort did not strike Gaspar. He attributes this to his defensive, slippery style. Though he is occasionally off balance when he walks, that is minor compared to the devastation that brought such misery to so many other retired fighters.
