Rivkah Zim
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161808
- eISBN:
- 9781400852093
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161808.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Boethius wrote Of the Consolation of Philosophy as a prisoner condemned to death for treason, circumstances that are reflected in the themes and concerns of its evocative poetry and dialogue between ...
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Boethius wrote Of the Consolation of Philosophy as a prisoner condemned to death for treason, circumstances that are reflected in the themes and concerns of its evocative poetry and dialogue between the prisoner and his mentor, Lady Philosophy. This classic philosophical statement of late antiquity has had an enduring influence on Western thought. It is also the earliest example of what this book identifies as a distinctive and vitally important medium of literary resistance: writing in captivity by prisoners of conscience and persecuted minorities. This book reveals why the great contributors to this tradition of prison writing are among the most crucial figures in Western literature. The book pairs writers from different periods and cultural settings, carefully examining the rhetorical strategies they used in captivity, often under the threat of death. It looks at Boethius and Dietrich Bonhoeffer as philosophers and theologians writing in defense of their ideas, and Thomas More and Antonio Gramsci as politicians in dialogue with established concepts of church and state. Different ideas of grace and disgrace occupied John Bunyan and Oscar Wilde in prison; Madame Roland and Anne Frank wrote themselves into history in various forms of memoir; and Jean Cassou and Irina Ratushinskaya voiced their resistance to totalitarianism through lyric poetry that saved their lives and inspired others. Finally, Primo Levi's writing after his release from Auschwitz recalls and decodes the obscenity of systematic genocide and its aftermath. This book speaks to some of the most profound questions about life, enriching our understanding of what it is to be human.Less
Boethius wrote Of the Consolation of Philosophy as a prisoner condemned to death for treason, circumstances that are reflected in the themes and concerns of its evocative poetry and dialogue between the prisoner and his mentor, Lady Philosophy. This classic philosophical statement of late antiquity has had an enduring influence on Western thought. It is also the earliest example of what this book identifies as a distinctive and vitally important medium of literary resistance: writing in captivity by prisoners of conscience and persecuted minorities. This book reveals why the great contributors to this tradition of prison writing are among the most crucial figures in Western literature. The book pairs writers from different periods and cultural settings, carefully examining the rhetorical strategies they used in captivity, often under the threat of death. It looks at Boethius and Dietrich Bonhoeffer as philosophers and theologians writing in defense of their ideas, and Thomas More and Antonio Gramsci as politicians in dialogue with established concepts of church and state. Different ideas of grace and disgrace occupied John Bunyan and Oscar Wilde in prison; Madame Roland and Anne Frank wrote themselves into history in various forms of memoir; and Jean Cassou and Irina Ratushinskaya voiced their resistance to totalitarianism through lyric poetry that saved their lives and inspired others. Finally, Primo Levi's writing after his release from Auschwitz recalls and decodes the obscenity of systematic genocide and its aftermath. This book speaks to some of the most profound questions about life, enriching our understanding of what it is to be human.
JOHN J. RICHETTI
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198112631
- eISBN:
- 9780191670824
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198112631.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male ...
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This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male corruption. It is shown that the persecuted maiden becomes even more spiritualized as a figure and the values that she embodies become more overtly religious.Less
This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male corruption. It is shown that the persecuted maiden becomes even more spiritualized as a figure and the values that she embodies become more overtly religious.
Melani Mcalister
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691153599
- eISBN:
- 9781400845248
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691153599.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This chapter examines the politics of fear underlying the antipersecution discourse that revolved around evangelical Christians at the turn of the twenty-first century. A video made by the U.S.-based ...
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This chapter examines the politics of fear underlying the antipersecution discourse that revolved around evangelical Christians at the turn of the twenty-first century. A video made by the U.S.-based Christian evangelical group Voice of the Martyrs showed that Christians are being persecuted all around the world. By the turn of the twenty-first century, a passionate concern with the persecution of Christians united conservatives as well as liberal and moderate evangelicals. The chapter shows how antipersecution discourse resulted in the passage of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. It also considers the significance of spectacles of the violated body to the discourse of persecution and how intense attention to Christian persecution created a tension for evangelicals between the universalizing language of human rights and a specific commitment to the “persecuted body” of Christ. Finally, it explores how evangelicals' attention to Christian persecution intersects with Islamic concerns.Less
This chapter examines the politics of fear underlying the antipersecution discourse that revolved around evangelical Christians at the turn of the twenty-first century. A video made by the U.S.-based Christian evangelical group Voice of the Martyrs showed that Christians are being persecuted all around the world. By the turn of the twenty-first century, a passionate concern with the persecution of Christians united conservatives as well as liberal and moderate evangelicals. The chapter shows how antipersecution discourse resulted in the passage of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. It also considers the significance of spectacles of the violated body to the discourse of persecution and how intense attention to Christian persecution created a tension for evangelicals between the universalizing language of human rights and a specific commitment to the “persecuted body” of Christ. Finally, it explores how evangelicals' attention to Christian persecution intersects with Islamic concerns.
Adrian Chastain Weimer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199743117
- eISBN:
- 9780199918744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199743117.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Chapter 1 traces the paths through which martyrdom, apocalypticism, and holiness became intertwined from John Bale and John Foxe to Cotton Mather and the New England Primer. Biblical martyrs, early ...
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Chapter 1 traces the paths through which martyrdom, apocalypticism, and holiness became intertwined from John Bale and John Foxe to Cotton Mather and the New England Primer. Biblical martyrs, early church martyrs, and especially the Protestants martyred in the 1550s under the Catholic Queen Mary—the Marian martyrs —became part of a shared historical imagination of the true church as the persecuted church. This demonstration of the diffuse and powerful significance of the martyrs in English culture lays the groundwork for the subsequent analysis of the historical imagination of martyrdom as it was fashioned and re-fashioned in specific situations in early New England. Narratives of martyrs and persecutors are pervasive in early modern English writings, as various groups competed to lay claim to the lineage of the true persecuted church.Less
Chapter 1 traces the paths through which martyrdom, apocalypticism, and holiness became intertwined from John Bale and John Foxe to Cotton Mather and the New England Primer. Biblical martyrs, early church martyrs, and especially the Protestants martyred in the 1550s under the Catholic Queen Mary—the Marian martyrs —became part of a shared historical imagination of the true church as the persecuted church. This demonstration of the diffuse and powerful significance of the martyrs in English culture lays the groundwork for the subsequent analysis of the historical imagination of martyrdom as it was fashioned and re-fashioned in specific situations in early New England. Narratives of martyrs and persecutors are pervasive in early modern English writings, as various groups competed to lay claim to the lineage of the true persecuted church.
Adrian Chastain Weimer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199743117
- eISBN:
- 9780199918744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199743117.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Chapter 3 examines the rhetoric of emigration and the first major threat to Congregationalists’ identity as the true, persecuted church, the Antinomians. It asks how and why both sides of the ...
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Chapter 3 examines the rhetoric of emigration and the first major threat to Congregationalists’ identity as the true, persecuted church, the Antinomians. It asks how and why both sides of the controversy in Massachusetts drew on apocalyptic and martyrdom narratives to establish their positions. John Wheelright and Anne Hutchinson saw themselves within the lineage of the true persecuted church, and John Winthrop and others tried to invert their narrative by framing Antinomians as persecutors. Though Wheelright would later disavow intentions of violence, his apocalyptic language was deeply threatening to Congregationalist leaders, who disarmed his followers.Less
Chapter 3 examines the rhetoric of emigration and the first major threat to Congregationalists’ identity as the true, persecuted church, the Antinomians. It asks how and why both sides of the controversy in Massachusetts drew on apocalyptic and martyrdom narratives to establish their positions. John Wheelright and Anne Hutchinson saw themselves within the lineage of the true persecuted church, and John Winthrop and others tried to invert their narrative by framing Antinomians as persecutors. Though Wheelright would later disavow intentions of violence, his apocalyptic language was deeply threatening to Congregationalist leaders, who disarmed his followers.
Adrian Chastain Weimer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199743117
- eISBN:
- 9780199918744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199743117.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Chapter 5 analyzes the multi-layered polemics between Quakers and Congregationalists over suffering and political legitimacy. Believing that suffering was a crucial weapon in the apocalyptic Lamb's ...
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Chapter 5 analyzes the multi-layered polemics between Quakers and Congregationalists over suffering and political legitimacy. Believing that suffering was a crucial weapon in the apocalyptic Lamb's War, Quakers expertly inverted corporal punishment into a platform for spiritual authority. Quickly publicizing their ordeals, they framed New Englanders as cruel persecutors and Quakers as innocent martyrs. Congregationalists in turn argued for their own status as the true persecuted church and Quakers as dangerous weapons of Antichrist, aimed at the heart of New England society. By the time Mary Dyer and three other Quaker missionaries were hanged, Congregationalists hearing Quaker claims to be the true persecuted church were deeply troubled that New England leaders were acting more like the Marian bishops than they liked to admit.Less
Chapter 5 analyzes the multi-layered polemics between Quakers and Congregationalists over suffering and political legitimacy. Believing that suffering was a crucial weapon in the apocalyptic Lamb's War, Quakers expertly inverted corporal punishment into a platform for spiritual authority. Quickly publicizing their ordeals, they framed New Englanders as cruel persecutors and Quakers as innocent martyrs. Congregationalists in turn argued for their own status as the true persecuted church and Quakers as dangerous weapons of Antichrist, aimed at the heart of New England society. By the time Mary Dyer and three other Quaker missionaries were hanged, Congregationalists hearing Quaker claims to be the true persecuted church were deeply troubled that New England leaders were acting more like the Marian bishops than they liked to admit.
Alejandro Nava
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780520293533
- eISBN:
- 9780520966758
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520293533.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This book explores the meaning of “soul” in sacred and profane incarnations, from its biblical origins to its central place in the rich traditions of black and Latin history. Surveying the work of ...
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This book explores the meaning of “soul” in sacred and profane incarnations, from its biblical origins to its central place in the rich traditions of black and Latin history. Surveying the work of writers, artists, poets, musicians, philosophers, and theologians, the book shows how their understandings of the “soul” revolve around narratives of justice, liberation, and spiritual redemption. The book contends that biblical traditions and hip-hop emerged out of experiences of dispossession and oppression. Whether born in the ghettos of America or of the Roman Empire, hip-hop and Christianity have endured by giving voice to the persecuted. This book offers a view of soul in living color, as a breathing, suffering, dreaming thing.Less
This book explores the meaning of “soul” in sacred and profane incarnations, from its biblical origins to its central place in the rich traditions of black and Latin history. Surveying the work of writers, artists, poets, musicians, philosophers, and theologians, the book shows how their understandings of the “soul” revolve around narratives of justice, liberation, and spiritual redemption. The book contends that biblical traditions and hip-hop emerged out of experiences of dispossession and oppression. Whether born in the ghettos of America or of the Roman Empire, hip-hop and Christianity have endured by giving voice to the persecuted. This book offers a view of soul in living color, as a breathing, suffering, dreaming thing.
Richard Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719062032
- eISBN:
- 9781781700150
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719062032.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
The fictionalising of the Lancashire witches had begun even before the trials. If the witches of 1612 were the first example in fact in England of an alleged devilish confederacy, the first example ...
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The fictionalising of the Lancashire witches had begun even before the trials. If the witches of 1612 were the first example in fact in England of an alleged devilish confederacy, the first example in fiction came six years earlier with the most famous witches of all: the ‘weird sisters’ in Shakespeare's 1606 play Macbeth. This chapter shows how far the connections extend, in both historical and literary references. The grisly contents of Macbeth's witches' cooking pot is detected, finding the macabre relics of English Catholic priests, martyred under Elizabeth I. Connections with the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 is established, to which, the activities of the Lancashire witches were compared by Thomas Potts, and whose conspiratorial connections reached into Lancashire. Finally, the manner in which Lancashire's gentry families were implicated in the underworld of persecuted Catholicism is shown, particularly through the mission of the martyred Edmund Campion, suggesting that their mostly Protestant Jacobean descendants sought to show their loyalty to the state by seeking out witches.Less
The fictionalising of the Lancashire witches had begun even before the trials. If the witches of 1612 were the first example in fact in England of an alleged devilish confederacy, the first example in fiction came six years earlier with the most famous witches of all: the ‘weird sisters’ in Shakespeare's 1606 play Macbeth. This chapter shows how far the connections extend, in both historical and literary references. The grisly contents of Macbeth's witches' cooking pot is detected, finding the macabre relics of English Catholic priests, martyred under Elizabeth I. Connections with the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 is established, to which, the activities of the Lancashire witches were compared by Thomas Potts, and whose conspiratorial connections reached into Lancashire. Finally, the manner in which Lancashire's gentry families were implicated in the underworld of persecuted Catholicism is shown, particularly through the mission of the martyred Edmund Campion, suggesting that their mostly Protestant Jacobean descendants sought to show their loyalty to the state by seeking out witches.
Marc Saperstein
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- February 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781906764494
- eISBN:
- 9781800341081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781906764494.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter reviews the rabbinic responsa regarding the Boycott of Ancona. It was written by Ottoman rabbis addressing dramatic issues of international significance that affected both the morale and ...
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This chapter reviews the rabbinic responsa regarding the Boycott of Ancona. It was written by Ottoman rabbis addressing dramatic issues of international significance that affected both the morale and the economic well-being of many Jews. These texts, grappling with legal issues on the basis of conflicting narratives of what had happened, reveal that the boycott was far more complicated than it originally appears. The boycott of the port of Ancona in 1556 was an unparalleled event in early modern Jewish history, the only attempt before the twentieth century to organize Jewish economic pressure and to wield it in the arena of international affairs for the benefit of Jews persecuted in other lands. Powerful forces converged in this event.Less
This chapter reviews the rabbinic responsa regarding the Boycott of Ancona. It was written by Ottoman rabbis addressing dramatic issues of international significance that affected both the morale and the economic well-being of many Jews. These texts, grappling with legal issues on the basis of conflicting narratives of what had happened, reveal that the boycott was far more complicated than it originally appears. The boycott of the port of Ancona in 1556 was an unparalleled event in early modern Jewish history, the only attempt before the twentieth century to organize Jewish economic pressure and to wield it in the arena of international affairs for the benefit of Jews persecuted in other lands. Powerful forces converged in this event.
Ian Boxall
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199674206
- eISBN:
- 9780191752230
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674206.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, History of Christianity
This chapter examines the treatment of Patmos in the foundational early patristic period (2nd to 5th centuries). Given the paucity of Apocalypse commentaries in this period, most of the sources are ...
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This chapter examines the treatment of Patmos in the foundational early patristic period (2nd to 5th centuries). Given the paucity of Apocalypse commentaries in this period, most of the sources are biographical and hagiographical. Hence the dominant reading is literal, locating Patmos within the story of John, although often with more than mere historical interest, given the perceived parallels between John’s situation vis-à-vis a persecuting emperor and the situations of his early interpreters. Interpretations fall into two main groups: those which identify Patmos as place of exile (though with surprising diversity in details compared with the modern commentaries), and those which prioritize the role of the island as place of revelation, sowing seeds for the more creative aspects of medieval exegesis.Less
This chapter examines the treatment of Patmos in the foundational early patristic period (2nd to 5th centuries). Given the paucity of Apocalypse commentaries in this period, most of the sources are biographical and hagiographical. Hence the dominant reading is literal, locating Patmos within the story of John, although often with more than mere historical interest, given the perceived parallels between John’s situation vis-à-vis a persecuting emperor and the situations of his early interpreters. Interpretations fall into two main groups: those which identify Patmos as place of exile (though with surprising diversity in details compared with the modern commentaries), and those which prioritize the role of the island as place of revelation, sowing seeds for the more creative aspects of medieval exegesis.
Michelle Foster and Hélène Lambert
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198796015
- eISBN:
- 9780191837197
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198796015.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
Chapter 5 analyses the meaning of ‘being persecuted’ for a Convention reason as it applies to stateless persons, by examining its interpretation and application in the case law of the leading common ...
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Chapter 5 analyses the meaning of ‘being persecuted’ for a Convention reason as it applies to stateless persons, by examining its interpretation and application in the case law of the leading common law and civil law jurisdictions. It begins by addressing deprivation of nationality (namely, denial of nationality and active withdrawal of nationality), and denial of the right to enter one’s country. It then considers other forms of harm related to an absence of nationality such as the right to education, right to work, right to health, right to liberty, and right to family and private life. It concludes by examining instances where claims for refugee protection failed but complementary protection may nevertheless be relevant. This may be the case where, for instance, no nexus exists between persecution and the Convention reasons, where the level of harm was not sufficient to constitute persecution, or where Article 1F applied to exclude a stateless (refugee) person from protection.Less
Chapter 5 analyses the meaning of ‘being persecuted’ for a Convention reason as it applies to stateless persons, by examining its interpretation and application in the case law of the leading common law and civil law jurisdictions. It begins by addressing deprivation of nationality (namely, denial of nationality and active withdrawal of nationality), and denial of the right to enter one’s country. It then considers other forms of harm related to an absence of nationality such as the right to education, right to work, right to health, right to liberty, and right to family and private life. It concludes by examining instances where claims for refugee protection failed but complementary protection may nevertheless be relevant. This may be the case where, for instance, no nexus exists between persecution and the Convention reasons, where the level of harm was not sufficient to constitute persecution, or where Article 1F applied to exclude a stateless (refugee) person from protection.