Dov-Ber Kerler
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198151661
- eISBN:
- 9780191672798
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198151661.003.0037
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This chapter introduces a periodization scheme, to establish a chronological analysis of the events that happened during the evolution of modern Yiddish literature. It consists of major histological ...
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This chapter introduces a periodization scheme, to establish a chronological analysis of the events that happened during the evolution of modern Yiddish literature. It consists of major histological landmarks coupled with the published works, in order to understand the culture and influences attached to the writings, likened to evidence of its time. Therefore a huge amount of data and writings were gathered, in order to find substantial links between gaps in time. The chapter enumerates the various publications that had significant influence in their respective eras. Fast forward to the nineteenth and early twentieth century, where the literature is as new and as polished as ever, ready to embrace new cultural and social structures it may encounter.Less
This chapter introduces a periodization scheme, to establish a chronological analysis of the events that happened during the evolution of modern Yiddish literature. It consists of major histological landmarks coupled with the published works, in order to understand the culture and influences attached to the writings, likened to evidence of its time. Therefore a huge amount of data and writings were gathered, in order to find substantial links between gaps in time. The chapter enumerates the various publications that had significant influence in their respective eras. Fast forward to the nineteenth and early twentieth century, where the literature is as new and as polished as ever, ready to embrace new cultural and social structures it may encounter.
John F. Wilson and Andrew Thomson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199261581
- eISBN:
- 9780191718588
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261581.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This introductory chapter lays out the book’s aims and examines the historical origins of management. It presents the three main ways in which the term management is commonly used: modern management ...
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This introductory chapter lays out the book’s aims and examines the historical origins of management. It presents the three main ways in which the term management is commonly used: modern management as an organizational process, activity or system; as an organizational structure of evolving complexity up to the ‘M-form’ associated with managerial capitalism; and as an occupational grouping or class of people carrying out managerial roles within the workforce. There are two other issues to consider: a developmental periodization of management in Britain that provides a chronological framework; and an international economic comparison from 1820 onwards against which our story can be told, since the underlying question of the book is essentially a comparative one to explain Britain’s relative performance.Less
This introductory chapter lays out the book’s aims and examines the historical origins of management. It presents the three main ways in which the term management is commonly used: modern management as an organizational process, activity or system; as an organizational structure of evolving complexity up to the ‘M-form’ associated with managerial capitalism; and as an occupational grouping or class of people carrying out managerial roles within the workforce. There are two other issues to consider: a developmental periodization of management in Britain that provides a chronological framework; and an international economic comparison from 1820 onwards against which our story can be told, since the underlying question of the book is essentially a comparative one to explain Britain’s relative performance.
K. Lawson Younger
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264010
- eISBN:
- 9780191734946
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264010.003.0013
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
In historical studies, one of the common models of periodization is the use of centuries. In the case of the history of Assyria, however, the ninth century does not accurately reflect periodization, ...
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In historical studies, one of the common models of periodization is the use of centuries. In the case of the history of Assyria, however, the ninth century does not accurately reflect periodization, even if long or short century designations are used. In the history of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, Shalmaneser III's reign serves as a bridge between two important periods, impacting the Omride and Jehuite periods through his 853 and 841 campaigns. The resistance offered by Ahab in conjunction with the western alliance that fought Shalmaneser at Qarqar in 853 gave way to the tribute gift of Jehu towards the conclusion of Shalmaneser's 841 campaign. While many years would pass before the Assyrians would accomplish the conquest of Israel, the initial contacts between Shalmaneser III and Ahab and Jehu demonstrate the two options that the Israelite kings would implement throughout the stormy relationship with the ‘Great King(s) of Assyria’ until the fall of Samaria and the land's incorporation into the Assyrian provincial system.Less
In historical studies, one of the common models of periodization is the use of centuries. In the case of the history of Assyria, however, the ninth century does not accurately reflect periodization, even if long or short century designations are used. In the history of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, Shalmaneser III's reign serves as a bridge between two important periods, impacting the Omride and Jehuite periods through his 853 and 841 campaigns. The resistance offered by Ahab in conjunction with the western alliance that fought Shalmaneser at Qarqar in 853 gave way to the tribute gift of Jehu towards the conclusion of Shalmaneser's 841 campaign. While many years would pass before the Assyrians would accomplish the conquest of Israel, the initial contacts between Shalmaneser III and Ahab and Jehu demonstrate the two options that the Israelite kings would implement throughout the stormy relationship with the ‘Great King(s) of Assyria’ until the fall of Samaria and the land's incorporation into the Assyrian provincial system.
Tapio Luoma
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151893
- eISBN:
- 9780199834419
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151895.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
Torrance's theological basis lies deep in the Reformed tradition, in the thinking of both Jean Calvin and Karl Barth. Partly because of his extensive ecumenical activity, Torrance has made important ...
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Torrance's theological basis lies deep in the Reformed tradition, in the thinking of both Jean Calvin and Karl Barth. Partly because of his extensive ecumenical activity, Torrance has made important contributions in patristics and especially in the Trinitarian theology. Torrance's view on the relationship between theology and the natural sciences is characterized by his periodization in which the history of Western thinking is divided into three phases, those of the Ptolemaic, Newtonian, and Einsteinian cosmology. His efforts to give a personal and markedly Christian face to the philosophical, neutral concept of God can be regarded as an answer to the problem of ”the God of the gaps.”Less
Torrance's theological basis lies deep in the Reformed tradition, in the thinking of both Jean Calvin and Karl Barth. Partly because of his extensive ecumenical activity, Torrance has made important contributions in patristics and especially in the Trinitarian theology. Torrance's view on the relationship between theology and the natural sciences is characterized by his periodization in which the history of Western thinking is divided into three phases, those of the Ptolemaic, Newtonian, and Einsteinian cosmology. His efforts to give a personal and markedly Christian face to the philosophical, neutral concept of God can be regarded as an answer to the problem of ”the God of the gaps.”
Theodore Martin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231181921
- eISBN:
- 9780231543897
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231181921.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
What does it mean to call something “contemporary”? More than simply denoting what’s new, it speaks to how we come to know the present we’re living in and how we develop a shared story about it. The ...
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What does it mean to call something “contemporary”? More than simply denoting what’s new, it speaks to how we come to know the present we’re living in and how we develop a shared story about it. The story of trying to understand the present is an integral, yet often unnoticed, part of the literature and film of our moment. In Contemporary Drift, Theodore Martin argues that the contemporary is not just a historical period but also a conceptual problem, and he claims that contemporary genre fiction offers a much-needed resource for resolving that problem.
Contemporary Drift combines a theoretical focus on the challenge of conceptualizing the present with a historical account of contemporary literature and film. Emphasizing both the difficulty and the necessity of historicizing the contemporary, the book explores how recent works of fiction depict life in an age of global capitalism, postindustrialism, and climate change. Through new histories of the novel of manners, film noir, the Western, detective fiction, and the postapocalyptic novel, Martin shows how the problem of the contemporary preoccupies a wide range of novelists and filmmakers, including Zadie Smith, Colson Whitehead, Vikram Chandra, China Miéville, Kelly Reichardt, and the Coen brothers. Martin argues that genre provides these artists with a formal strategy for understanding both the content and the concept of the contemporary. Genre writing, with its mix of old and new, brings to light the complicated process by which we make sense of our present and determine what belongs to our time.Less
What does it mean to call something “contemporary”? More than simply denoting what’s new, it speaks to how we come to know the present we’re living in and how we develop a shared story about it. The story of trying to understand the present is an integral, yet often unnoticed, part of the literature and film of our moment. In Contemporary Drift, Theodore Martin argues that the contemporary is not just a historical period but also a conceptual problem, and he claims that contemporary genre fiction offers a much-needed resource for resolving that problem.
Contemporary Drift combines a theoretical focus on the challenge of conceptualizing the present with a historical account of contemporary literature and film. Emphasizing both the difficulty and the necessity of historicizing the contemporary, the book explores how recent works of fiction depict life in an age of global capitalism, postindustrialism, and climate change. Through new histories of the novel of manners, film noir, the Western, detective fiction, and the postapocalyptic novel, Martin shows how the problem of the contemporary preoccupies a wide range of novelists and filmmakers, including Zadie Smith, Colson Whitehead, Vikram Chandra, China Miéville, Kelly Reichardt, and the Coen brothers. Martin argues that genre provides these artists with a formal strategy for understanding both the content and the concept of the contemporary. Genre writing, with its mix of old and new, brings to light the complicated process by which we make sense of our present and determine what belongs to our time.
Daniel Wakelin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199215881
- eISBN:
- 9780191706899
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199215881.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
This chapter argues that humanism affected English literature long before 1500, and contrasts the common claims that it did not. It briefly considers various definitions of the word humanism and ...
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This chapter argues that humanism affected English literature long before 1500, and contrasts the common claims that it did not. It briefly considers various definitions of the word humanism and their connection with periodization, which it criticizes. It argues that we should consider humanism as a form of reading, which would allow us to keep in mind the unpredictability of the reading process and thus of humanism. For a case-study, the chapter considers, through marginalia and page-layout, the reading and reception of Boece by Geoffrey Chaucer and of the translation of Boethius and Vegetius by John Walton. This case-study reveals the variety of methods of vernacular humanist reading and the difference between humanist reading and earlier vernacular scholarship.Less
This chapter argues that humanism affected English literature long before 1500, and contrasts the common claims that it did not. It briefly considers various definitions of the word humanism and their connection with periodization, which it criticizes. It argues that we should consider humanism as a form of reading, which would allow us to keep in mind the unpredictability of the reading process and thus of humanism. For a case-study, the chapter considers, through marginalia and page-layout, the reading and reception of Boece by Geoffrey Chaucer and of the translation of Boethius and Vegetius by John Walton. This case-study reveals the variety of methods of vernacular humanist reading and the difference between humanist reading and earlier vernacular scholarship.
Martin Chase (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823257812
- eISBN:
- 9780823261598
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823257812.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry
This collection of essays on Old Norse-Icelandic poetry is concerned with the blurring of boundaries between genres and periods. Many of the texts and topics taken up have been difficult to ...
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This collection of essays on Old Norse-Icelandic poetry is concerned with the blurring of boundaries between genres and periods. Many of the texts and topics taken up have been difficult to categorize and have received less attention than they deserve. The boundaries between genres (skaldic and eddic), periods (Viking Age, medieval, early modern) or cultures (Icelandic, Scandinavian, English, Continental) may not have been as clear to medieval authors and audiences as they seem to modern scholars. When questions of classification are allowed to fall into the background, it becomes easier to appreciate the poetry on its own terms, rather than focus on its ability or failure to live up to anachronistic expectations. Some of the essays in this collection present new material for consideration, while others revisit assumptions about authors and texts and challenge or suggest revision of them. They reflect the idea that poetry with “medieval” characteristics continued to be produced in Iceland well beyond the fifteenth century, the traditional end of the medieval period of Scandinavian literature, and even beyond the Reformation in Iceland (1550). These studies point out the need for more work: research has focused on the “best” skaldic poetry (that which follows Snorri Sturluson’s definitions most closely) and the most purely Nordic and Germanic of the eddic poems, but poetry that slides across the boundaries of genre or periodization or cultural origin has been left by the wayside. These essays present new evidence, offer new interpretations, and hope to awaken new appreciation for undervalued poetry.Less
This collection of essays on Old Norse-Icelandic poetry is concerned with the blurring of boundaries between genres and periods. Many of the texts and topics taken up have been difficult to categorize and have received less attention than they deserve. The boundaries between genres (skaldic and eddic), periods (Viking Age, medieval, early modern) or cultures (Icelandic, Scandinavian, English, Continental) may not have been as clear to medieval authors and audiences as they seem to modern scholars. When questions of classification are allowed to fall into the background, it becomes easier to appreciate the poetry on its own terms, rather than focus on its ability or failure to live up to anachronistic expectations. Some of the essays in this collection present new material for consideration, while others revisit assumptions about authors and texts and challenge or suggest revision of them. They reflect the idea that poetry with “medieval” characteristics continued to be produced in Iceland well beyond the fifteenth century, the traditional end of the medieval period of Scandinavian literature, and even beyond the Reformation in Iceland (1550). These studies point out the need for more work: research has focused on the “best” skaldic poetry (that which follows Snorri Sturluson’s definitions most closely) and the most purely Nordic and Germanic of the eddic poems, but poetry that slides across the boundaries of genre or periodization or cultural origin has been left by the wayside. These essays present new evidence, offer new interpretations, and hope to awaken new appreciation for undervalued poetry.
Averil Cameron
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196855
- eISBN:
- 9781400850099
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196855.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This epilogue addresses the question of periodization in relation to Byzantium. Several recent writers prefer to see “Byzantium” proper as beginning from ca. 600 or later, and there are good reasons ...
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This epilogue addresses the question of periodization in relation to Byzantium. Several recent writers prefer to see “Byzantium” proper as beginning from ca. 600 or later, and there are good reasons why. Constantinople was formally inaugurated in AD 330, but there was not yet such an entity as “Byzantium,” distinct from the eastern Roman Empire, and it remains the case that the Byzantines thought of themselves as Romans. Nevertheless, adopting a later periodization risks obscuring the fact that what people call Byzantium had a long earlier history; it was not a new state formed only in the medieval period. The chapter then argues that Byzantium belongs to mainstream history. Moreover, Byzantine studies must be rescued from its continuing association with the competing claims of negativity and exoticism. Recent publications have set an encouraging pattern, but now the subject needs to be opened up further, and Byzantium seen against more “normal” and wider perspectives.Less
This epilogue addresses the question of periodization in relation to Byzantium. Several recent writers prefer to see “Byzantium” proper as beginning from ca. 600 or later, and there are good reasons why. Constantinople was formally inaugurated in AD 330, but there was not yet such an entity as “Byzantium,” distinct from the eastern Roman Empire, and it remains the case that the Byzantines thought of themselves as Romans. Nevertheless, adopting a later periodization risks obscuring the fact that what people call Byzantium had a long earlier history; it was not a new state formed only in the medieval period. The chapter then argues that Byzantium belongs to mainstream history. Moreover, Byzantine studies must be rescued from its continuing association with the competing claims of negativity and exoticism. Recent publications have set an encouraging pattern, but now the subject needs to be opened up further, and Byzantium seen against more “normal” and wider perspectives.
Elaine Lynn-Ee Ho
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781503606661
- eISBN:
- 9781503607460
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9781503606661.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes ...
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This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes that emerge from this approach, namely on citizenship and territory, fraternity and alterity, and the co-constitution of time and space. The chapter further signals the new research directions that contemporaneous migration brings to overseas Chinese studies or research on the “Chinese diaspora,” and to the Chinese worldview of tianxia in relation to notions of cosmopolitanism. It also sets out the methods through which contemporaneous migration can be studied.Less
This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes that emerge from this approach, namely on citizenship and territory, fraternity and alterity, and the co-constitution of time and space. The chapter further signals the new research directions that contemporaneous migration brings to overseas Chinese studies or research on the “Chinese diaspora,” and to the Chinese worldview of tianxia in relation to notions of cosmopolitanism. It also sets out the methods through which contemporaneous migration can be studied.
Jeremy Gregory
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198208303
- eISBN:
- 9780191677977
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208303.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
The book concludes by suggesting that some of the traditional periodization and characterizations of conventional Church history need modification. In many ways, particularly in areas such as the ...
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The book concludes by suggesting that some of the traditional periodization and characterizations of conventional Church history need modification. In many ways, particularly in areas such as the need to follow through, and in some instances to instigate the pastoral and professional aims of the Reformation, and in participating in processes related to Church reform, the clergy in the long eighteenth century continued to work of seventeenth-century clergy, as well as anticipating some of the ideals of the Evangelical and Oxford movements. Reluctance to recognize this has led historians to neglect the strengths of the Church between the Restoration and 1830s, which it is argued here, should not be judged primarily for its failure to attain the ideals of the other movements, but as institution possessing its own coherent and positive rationale.Less
The book concludes by suggesting that some of the traditional periodization and characterizations of conventional Church history need modification. In many ways, particularly in areas such as the need to follow through, and in some instances to instigate the pastoral and professional aims of the Reformation, and in participating in processes related to Church reform, the clergy in the long eighteenth century continued to work of seventeenth-century clergy, as well as anticipating some of the ideals of the Evangelical and Oxford movements. Reluctance to recognize this has led historians to neglect the strengths of the Church between the Restoration and 1830s, which it is argued here, should not be judged primarily for its failure to attain the ideals of the other movements, but as institution possessing its own coherent and positive rationale.
Ludmilla Jordanova
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264065
- eISBN:
- 9780191734496
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264065.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter reflects critically on ‘marking time’ — the complex and interlinked notions of remembrance, celebration, honouring, and commemoration. It unpacks some of the assumptions about ...
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This chapter reflects critically on ‘marking time’ — the complex and interlinked notions of remembrance, celebration, honouring, and commemoration. It unpacks some of the assumptions about periodization and the nature of historical agency bound up with commemoration, and tackles the difficult notions of ‘identification’ and ‘honouring’. It exhorts professional historians to subject all these to critical analysis when engaging with public history.Less
This chapter reflects critically on ‘marking time’ — the complex and interlinked notions of remembrance, celebration, honouring, and commemoration. It unpacks some of the assumptions about periodization and the nature of historical agency bound up with commemoration, and tackles the difficult notions of ‘identification’ and ‘honouring’. It exhorts professional historians to subject all these to critical analysis when engaging with public history.
Jerome J. McGann
- Published in print:
- 1988
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198117506
- eISBN:
- 9780191670961
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117506.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter considers the works of Christina Rossetti. Rossetti presents a peculiarly useful subject through which to explore how certain writers move in or out of critical attention. In addition, ...
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This chapter considers the works of Christina Rossetti. Rossetti presents a peculiarly useful subject through which to explore how certain writers move in or out of critical attention. In addition, her religious poetry offers a testing ground in which to work out a methodology of stylistic periodization. Because Christian poems, especially in the Anglican and Anglo–Catholic tradition, preserve a more or less stable ideology between the 16th and the early 20th centuries, their period-specific characteristics can be more readily isolated and studied. Anyone who has studied Christina Rossetti knows the frusatration of working with the hitherto ‘standard’ collection of her poems edited by her brother William Michael Rossetti. Meanwhile, her poetry takes up an ideological position which is far more radical than the middle-class feminist positions current in her epoch. The principal factor which enabled her to overleap those positions was her severe Christianity.Less
This chapter considers the works of Christina Rossetti. Rossetti presents a peculiarly useful subject through which to explore how certain writers move in or out of critical attention. In addition, her religious poetry offers a testing ground in which to work out a methodology of stylistic periodization. Because Christian poems, especially in the Anglican and Anglo–Catholic tradition, preserve a more or less stable ideology between the 16th and the early 20th centuries, their period-specific characteristics can be more readily isolated and studied. Anyone who has studied Christina Rossetti knows the frusatration of working with the hitherto ‘standard’ collection of her poems edited by her brother William Michael Rossetti. Meanwhile, her poetry takes up an ideological position which is far more radical than the middle-class feminist positions current in her epoch. The principal factor which enabled her to overleap those positions was her severe Christianity.
Jerome J. McGann
- Published in print:
- 1988
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198117506
- eISBN:
- 9780191670961
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117506.003.0011
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter focuses on George Crabbe's poetic theory and practice alike, in order to highlight the chief fault-line in current views of the Romantic Period, so-called: that is, the inability of ...
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This chapter focuses on George Crabbe's poetic theory and practice alike, in order to highlight the chief fault-line in current views of the Romantic Period, so-called: that is, the inability of periodizations to provide an adequate critical account of the work of major figures like Austen, Scott, and Crabbe. In the critical terms which currently dominate discussions of the period 1789–1824, these figures seem only marginally significant. Yet a periodization which is unable to place such writers at the very centre of its historical-critical analyses cannot be regarded as adequate. The Romantic revulsion from Crabbe's poetry is understandable since the truths to which he is devoted institute a critique of the Truth which Romanticism sought to sustain: that ‘ruin and...change, and all the grief’ are transitory and epiphenomenal, and that Imagination inaugurates an absolute triumph over sublunary evil.Less
This chapter focuses on George Crabbe's poetic theory and practice alike, in order to highlight the chief fault-line in current views of the Romantic Period, so-called: that is, the inability of periodizations to provide an adequate critical account of the work of major figures like Austen, Scott, and Crabbe. In the critical terms which currently dominate discussions of the period 1789–1824, these figures seem only marginally significant. Yet a periodization which is unable to place such writers at the very centre of its historical-critical analyses cannot be regarded as adequate. The Romantic revulsion from Crabbe's poetry is understandable since the truths to which he is devoted institute a critique of the Truth which Romanticism sought to sustain: that ‘ruin and...change, and all the grief’ are transitory and epiphenomenal, and that Imagination inaugurates an absolute triumph over sublunary evil.
Kam Louie (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789888028412
- eISBN:
- 9789882206960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888028412.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter provides an overview of the decade since the 1997 retrocession by framing it within the wider scope of Hong Kong's history and within comparative colonial history. After briefly ...
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This chapter provides an overview of the decade since the 1997 retrocession by framing it within the wider scope of Hong Kong's history and within comparative colonial history. After briefly reviewing some of the changes and continuities in the period between 1997 and 2007, it considers three main issues: the problems of periodization and definitions inherent in Hong Kong's unique decolonization process, the difficulties involved in commemorating Hong Kong's first postcolonial decade, and some of the region's colonial legacies and current political realities. The overwhelming majority of tourists are no longer Westerners but mainland Chinese. Whereas Westerners used to travel to Hong Kong to catch a glimpse of “Red China” across the border, they also came to see traditional China, preserved in the New Territories and seemingly unchanged by the Communist revolution. Now, newspapers and magazines overseas frequently carry articles about Hong Kong's heritage and the dynamic, hybrid flair reflected in its cinema, cuisine, and architecture.Less
This chapter provides an overview of the decade since the 1997 retrocession by framing it within the wider scope of Hong Kong's history and within comparative colonial history. After briefly reviewing some of the changes and continuities in the period between 1997 and 2007, it considers three main issues: the problems of periodization and definitions inherent in Hong Kong's unique decolonization process, the difficulties involved in commemorating Hong Kong's first postcolonial decade, and some of the region's colonial legacies and current political realities. The overwhelming majority of tourists are no longer Westerners but mainland Chinese. Whereas Westerners used to travel to Hong Kong to catch a glimpse of “Red China” across the border, they also came to see traditional China, preserved in the New Territories and seemingly unchanged by the Communist revolution. Now, newspapers and magazines overseas frequently carry articles about Hong Kong's heritage and the dynamic, hybrid flair reflected in its cinema, cuisine, and architecture.
Jesse Rosenthal
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691196640
- eISBN:
- 9781400883738
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691196640.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This afterword explores how the arguments in this book relate to the question of literary periodization. This is, without question, a book on Victorian literature, written in the context of Victorian ...
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This afterword explores how the arguments in this book relate to the question of literary periodization. This is, without question, a book on Victorian literature, written in the context of Victorian moral thought. From that point of view, it is very much rooted to a specific time and place. On the other hand, many of the arguments and theoretical ideas in this book rely on a certain concept of realism that would seem to extend beyond Britain and beyond the nineteenth century. The closing thoughts of this chapter consider just how much of the book's argument is portable to a larger discussion of literary realism. In so doing, the afterword hopes to elaborate the ways in which the Victorian novel, and the moral thought that attached to it, has continued to influence people's larger sense of how works from the past can seem to be, in some odd way, about them.Less
This afterword explores how the arguments in this book relate to the question of literary periodization. This is, without question, a book on Victorian literature, written in the context of Victorian moral thought. From that point of view, it is very much rooted to a specific time and place. On the other hand, many of the arguments and theoretical ideas in this book rely on a certain concept of realism that would seem to extend beyond Britain and beyond the nineteenth century. The closing thoughts of this chapter consider just how much of the book's argument is portable to a larger discussion of literary realism. In so doing, the afterword hopes to elaborate the ways in which the Victorian novel, and the moral thought that attached to it, has continued to influence people's larger sense of how works from the past can seem to be, in some odd way, about them.
Eric Hayot
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199926695
- eISBN:
- 9780199980499
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199926695.003.0011
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter discusses how the entire system of literary education, from the first-year undergraduate survey to the forms of judgment governing publication, promotion, and tenure, reifies the period ...
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This chapter discusses how the entire system of literary education, from the first-year undergraduate survey to the forms of judgment governing publication, promotion, and tenure, reifies the period as its central historical concept. It then considers the impact of periodization's dominance of scholarship in the humanities. This failure of self-consciousness, the lack of debate over the value of the period as concept, is what makes periodization ideological. The response to the ideologization of periods ought to be to develop and to seek to institutionalize a variety of competing concepts, including trans-periodizing ones, for the study of literary history. This would ensure that the concepts themselves could become explicit (and contestable) subjects of scholarly work. The contests among them would then generate at a higher “level” trans-conceptual approaches, which would in turn prevent new concepts from easily producing new ideological calcification. The limitations and blind spots of periods are examined in detail.Less
This chapter discusses how the entire system of literary education, from the first-year undergraduate survey to the forms of judgment governing publication, promotion, and tenure, reifies the period as its central historical concept. It then considers the impact of periodization's dominance of scholarship in the humanities. This failure of self-consciousness, the lack of debate over the value of the period as concept, is what makes periodization ideological. The response to the ideologization of periods ought to be to develop and to seek to institutionalize a variety of competing concepts, including trans-periodizing ones, for the study of literary history. This would ensure that the concepts themselves could become explicit (and contestable) subjects of scholarly work. The contests among them would then generate at a higher “level” trans-conceptual approaches, which would in turn prevent new concepts from easily producing new ideological calcification. The limitations and blind spots of periods are examined in detail.
Lucas Hollister
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781786942180
- eISBN:
- 9781789623642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786942180.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This introduction begins with a detailed overview of what has been called the ‘return to the story’ in contemporary French literature. This overview pays particular attention to how this ‘discourse ...
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This introduction begins with a detailed overview of what has been called the ‘return to the story’ in contemporary French literature. This overview pays particular attention to how this ‘discourse of return’ defines the boundaries of an era (the contemporary), of a cultural or linguistic space (French), and of an aesthetic territory (the literary). Examining contentious postmodernist and declinological accounts of the contemporary, I then offer an overview of some of the ways that popular literary forms have been politicized or could be productively repoliticized in the period that we have called the contemporary. After a short discussion of Jean Echenoz’s The Greenwich Meridian (1979), which problematizes the borders of the conceptual constitution of the contemporary as a literary period, I discuss the methodology and corpus of Beyond Return, with a particular emphasis on how this book reads the politics of popular story forms. In addition to providing an overview of the chapters on Jean Rouaud, Jean-Patrick Manchette, Jean Echenoz, and Antoine Volodine, this introduction thus makes a case for revising and rethinking the literary historical metaphor of return.Less
This introduction begins with a detailed overview of what has been called the ‘return to the story’ in contemporary French literature. This overview pays particular attention to how this ‘discourse of return’ defines the boundaries of an era (the contemporary), of a cultural or linguistic space (French), and of an aesthetic territory (the literary). Examining contentious postmodernist and declinological accounts of the contemporary, I then offer an overview of some of the ways that popular literary forms have been politicized or could be productively repoliticized in the period that we have called the contemporary. After a short discussion of Jean Echenoz’s The Greenwich Meridian (1979), which problematizes the borders of the conceptual constitution of the contemporary as a literary period, I discuss the methodology and corpus of Beyond Return, with a particular emphasis on how this book reads the politics of popular story forms. In addition to providing an overview of the chapters on Jean Rouaud, Jean-Patrick Manchette, Jean Echenoz, and Antoine Volodine, this introduction thus makes a case for revising and rethinking the literary historical metaphor of return.
Michael E. Meeker
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520225268
- eISBN:
- 9780520929128
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520225268.003.0009
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Middle Eastern Cultural Anthropology
This chapter describes how the nationalist revolution succeeded in undermining the legitimacy of local elites, even as state officials continued to rely on them for governmental assistance, and also ...
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This chapter describes how the nationalist revolution succeeded in undermining the legitimacy of local elites, even as state officials continued to rely on them for governmental assistance, and also considers the way two Oflu authors tried to understand the dislocated periodization that occurred during the late 1940s.Less
This chapter describes how the nationalist revolution succeeded in undermining the legitimacy of local elites, even as state officials continued to rely on them for governmental assistance, and also considers the way two Oflu authors tried to understand the dislocated periodization that occurred during the late 1940s.
Stephanie Elsky
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198861430
- eISBN:
- 9780191893421
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198861430.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
Custom, Common Law, and the Constitution of English Renaissance Literature argues that, ironically, custom was a supremely generative literary force for a range of Renaissance writers. Custom took on ...
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Custom, Common Law, and the Constitution of English Renaissance Literature argues that, ironically, custom was a supremely generative literary force for a range of Renaissance writers. Custom took on so much power because of its virtual synonymity with English common law, the increasingly dominant legal system that was also foundational to England’s constitutionalist politics. The strange temporality assigned to legal custom, that is, its purported existence since “time immemorial,” furnished it with a unique and paradoxical capacity—to make new and foreign forms familiar. This monograph shows that during a time when novelty was suspect, even insurrectionary, appeals to the widespread understanding of custom as a legal concept justified a startling array of fictive experiments. This is the first monograph to reveal fully the relationship between Renaissance literature and legal custom. It shows how writers were able to reimagine moments of historical and cultural rupture as continuity by appealing to the powerful belief that English legal custom persisted in the face of conquests by foreign powers. Custom, Common Law, and the Constitution of English Renaissance Literature thus challenges scholarly narratives in which Renaissance art breaks with a past it looks back upon longingly and instead argues that the period viewed its literature as imbued with the aura of the past. In this way, through experiments in rhetoric and form, literature unfolds the processes whereby custom gains its formidable and flexible political power. Custom, a key concept of legal and constitutionalist thought, shaped sixteenth-century literature, while this literature, in turn, transformed custom into an evocative mythopoetic.Less
Custom, Common Law, and the Constitution of English Renaissance Literature argues that, ironically, custom was a supremely generative literary force for a range of Renaissance writers. Custom took on so much power because of its virtual synonymity with English common law, the increasingly dominant legal system that was also foundational to England’s constitutionalist politics. The strange temporality assigned to legal custom, that is, its purported existence since “time immemorial,” furnished it with a unique and paradoxical capacity—to make new and foreign forms familiar. This monograph shows that during a time when novelty was suspect, even insurrectionary, appeals to the widespread understanding of custom as a legal concept justified a startling array of fictive experiments. This is the first monograph to reveal fully the relationship between Renaissance literature and legal custom. It shows how writers were able to reimagine moments of historical and cultural rupture as continuity by appealing to the powerful belief that English legal custom persisted in the face of conquests by foreign powers. Custom, Common Law, and the Constitution of English Renaissance Literature thus challenges scholarly narratives in which Renaissance art breaks with a past it looks back upon longingly and instead argues that the period viewed its literature as imbued with the aura of the past. In this way, through experiments in rhetoric and form, literature unfolds the processes whereby custom gains its formidable and flexible political power. Custom, a key concept of legal and constitutionalist thought, shaped sixteenth-century literature, while this literature, in turn, transformed custom into an evocative mythopoetic.
Clive D. Field
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- November 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198848806
- eISBN:
- 9780191883163
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198848806.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Moving beyond the (now somewhat tired) debates about secularization as paradigm, theory, or master narrative, this book focuses upon the empirical evidence for secularization, viewed in its ...
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Moving beyond the (now somewhat tired) debates about secularization as paradigm, theory, or master narrative, this book focuses upon the empirical evidence for secularization, viewed in its descriptive sense as the waning social influence of religion, in Britain. Particular emphasis is attached to the two key performance indicators of religious allegiance and churchgoing, each subsuming several sub-indicators, between 1880 and 1945, including the first substantive account of secularization during the fin de siècle. A wide range of primary sources is deployed, many relatively or entirely unknown, and with due regard to their methodological and interpretative challenges. On the back of them, a cross-cutting statistical measure of ‘active church adherence’ is devised, which clearly shows how secularization has been a reality and a gradual, not revolutionary, process. The most likely causes of secularization were an incremental demise of a Sabbatarian culture and of religious socialization (in the church, at home, and in the school). The analysis is also extended backwards, to include a summary of developments during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; and laterally, to incorporate a preliminary evaluation of a six-dimensional model of ‘diffusive religion’, demonstrating that these alternative performance indicators have hitherto failed to prove that secularization has not occurred. The book is designed as a prequel to the author’s previous volumes on the chronology of British secularization – Britain’s Last Religious Revival? (2015) and Secularization in the Long 1960s (2017). Together, they offer a holistic picture of religious transformation in Britain during the key secularizing century of 1880–1980. [250 words]Less
Moving beyond the (now somewhat tired) debates about secularization as paradigm, theory, or master narrative, this book focuses upon the empirical evidence for secularization, viewed in its descriptive sense as the waning social influence of religion, in Britain. Particular emphasis is attached to the two key performance indicators of religious allegiance and churchgoing, each subsuming several sub-indicators, between 1880 and 1945, including the first substantive account of secularization during the fin de siècle. A wide range of primary sources is deployed, many relatively or entirely unknown, and with due regard to their methodological and interpretative challenges. On the back of them, a cross-cutting statistical measure of ‘active church adherence’ is devised, which clearly shows how secularization has been a reality and a gradual, not revolutionary, process. The most likely causes of secularization were an incremental demise of a Sabbatarian culture and of religious socialization (in the church, at home, and in the school). The analysis is also extended backwards, to include a summary of developments during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; and laterally, to incorporate a preliminary evaluation of a six-dimensional model of ‘diffusive religion’, demonstrating that these alternative performance indicators have hitherto failed to prove that secularization has not occurred. The book is designed as a prequel to the author’s previous volumes on the chronology of British secularization – Britain’s Last Religious Revival? (2015) and Secularization in the Long 1960s (2017). Together, they offer a holistic picture of religious transformation in Britain during the key secularizing century of 1880–1980. [250 words]
