Bernard Capp
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203759
- eISBN:
- 9780191675959
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203759.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This book studies a self-educated popular writer who carved out a pioneering role for himself as a ‘media celebrity’ and became a national institution. John Taylor chronicled his adventurous life and ...
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This book studies a self-educated popular writer who carved out a pioneering role for himself as a ‘media celebrity’ and became a national institution. John Taylor chronicled his adventurous life and passed judgement on his age in a stream of shrewd and witty pamphlets, poems, and essays. His writings allow us to piece together the world of a London waterman over the space of forty years, from the reign of James I to the aftermath of the civil war. His ready wit, restless ambition, and bonhomie soon made him a well-known figure in the Jacobean literary world and at the royal court. Claiming the fictitious office of ‘the King's Water-Poet’, he fashioned a way of life that straddled the elite and popular worlds. Taylor published his thoughts—always trenchant—on everything from politics to needlework, from poetry to inland navigation, from religion and social criticism to bawdy jests. He was a more complex and contradictory figure than is often assumed: both hedonist and moralist, a cavalier and staunch Anglican with a puritanical taste for sermons and for armed struggle against the popish antichrist. He embodies many of the contradictions of a world that was soon to be, all to literally, at war with itself.Less
This book studies a self-educated popular writer who carved out a pioneering role for himself as a ‘media celebrity’ and became a national institution. John Taylor chronicled his adventurous life and passed judgement on his age in a stream of shrewd and witty pamphlets, poems, and essays. His writings allow us to piece together the world of a London waterman over the space of forty years, from the reign of James I to the aftermath of the civil war. His ready wit, restless ambition, and bonhomie soon made him a well-known figure in the Jacobean literary world and at the royal court. Claiming the fictitious office of ‘the King's Water-Poet’, he fashioned a way of life that straddled the elite and popular worlds. Taylor published his thoughts—always trenchant—on everything from politics to needlework, from poetry to inland navigation, from religion and social criticism to bawdy jests. He was a more complex and contradictory figure than is often assumed: both hedonist and moralist, a cavalier and staunch Anglican with a puritanical taste for sermons and for armed struggle against the popish antichrist. He embodies many of the contradictions of a world that was soon to be, all to literally, at war with itself.
Timothy Fitzgerald
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195300093
- eISBN:
- 9780199868636
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195300093.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Literature
The case of William Penn shows us a dissenter who strove to articulate a new discourse on the essential difference between the external domain of the magistrate and civil society on the one hand, and ...
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The case of William Penn shows us a dissenter who strove to articulate a new discourse on the essential difference between the external domain of the magistrate and civil society on the one hand, and the private and inner domain of religion on the other. His and Locke's ideas fed into the general stream of American dissent and bills of rights which culminated in the Federal Constitution. Even within the Church of England Bishop Hoadly, often quoted by American revolutionaries, preached to the King the essential distinction authorized by Jesus between the kingdoms of this and the future worlds. That many of these revolutionary ideas were the stuff of sermons and pamphlets written by priests underscores the point that the distinction between religions as private nonpolitical domains of voluntary associations, and politics as a nonreligious domain of public obligation, was a rhetorical formation in the making, a discursive space intended to subvert and replace a radically different and older discourse of Religion as encompassing Christian Truth.Less
The case of William Penn shows us a dissenter who strove to articulate a new discourse on the essential difference between the external domain of the magistrate and civil society on the one hand, and the private and inner domain of religion on the other. His and Locke's ideas fed into the general stream of American dissent and bills of rights which culminated in the Federal Constitution. Even within the Church of England Bishop Hoadly, often quoted by American revolutionaries, preached to the King the essential distinction authorized by Jesus between the kingdoms of this and the future worlds. That many of these revolutionary ideas were the stuff of sermons and pamphlets written by priests underscores the point that the distinction between religions as private nonpolitical domains of voluntary associations, and politics as a nonreligious domain of public obligation, was a rhetorical formation in the making, a discursive space intended to subvert and replace a radically different and older discourse of Religion as encompassing Christian Truth.
Peter Hinds
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264430
- eISBN:
- 9780191733994
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264430.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
The Popish plot was an alleged Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II and re-introduce the Catholic faith to England. Despite it being a fiction, belief in the plot became widespread and many ...
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The Popish plot was an alleged Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II and re-introduce the Catholic faith to England. Despite it being a fiction, belief in the plot became widespread and many innocent Catholics were sent to their deaths. Moving away from the focus of recent histories of the plot, which remain predominately in the realms of parliamentary discussion, courts of law and the councils of the King, this volume considers how details of the plot circulated more broadly. It investigates the many media used, primarily print, but also manuscript and word-of-mouth, for instance in books, pamphlets, newspapers, and ballads. The most prolific commentator on the Popish plot was Roger L'Estrange, the press censor during the reigns of Charles II and James II. L'Estrange was interested in the working of the London book trade at this time, and as one who did not believe there was a Popish plot, wrote prolifically in order publicly to cast doubt upon it. L'Estrange's writings provide us with valuable insights into the production, dissemination, and reception of political opinion in this period. Drawing on the insights of literary studies, political history, and the history of the book, reading this volume will further understanding in how belief in such an extraordinary plot took hold amongst so many.Less
The Popish plot was an alleged Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II and re-introduce the Catholic faith to England. Despite it being a fiction, belief in the plot became widespread and many innocent Catholics were sent to their deaths. Moving away from the focus of recent histories of the plot, which remain predominately in the realms of parliamentary discussion, courts of law and the councils of the King, this volume considers how details of the plot circulated more broadly. It investigates the many media used, primarily print, but also manuscript and word-of-mouth, for instance in books, pamphlets, newspapers, and ballads. The most prolific commentator on the Popish plot was Roger L'Estrange, the press censor during the reigns of Charles II and James II. L'Estrange was interested in the working of the London book trade at this time, and as one who did not believe there was a Popish plot, wrote prolifically in order publicly to cast doubt upon it. L'Estrange's writings provide us with valuable insights into the production, dissemination, and reception of political opinion in this period. Drawing on the insights of literary studies, political history, and the history of the book, reading this volume will further understanding in how belief in such an extraordinary plot took hold amongst so many.
Steven Gunn, David Grummitt, and Hans Cools
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199207503
- eISBN:
- 9780191708848
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199207503.003.018
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter examines the dissemination and reception of news about war. Tudors and Habsburgs alike sent out news of their campaigns by letter, but the market for pamphlets and printed news developed ...
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This chapter examines the dissemination and reception of news about war. Tudors and Habsburgs alike sent out news of their campaigns by letter, but the market for pamphlets and printed news developed much faster in the Netherlands with its extensive printing industry. Such material interacted with civic entries, proclamations, and rumours to shape popular views of war. When these criticized rulers, their disseminators might be punished for sedition, but in the cosmopolitan Netherlands it was harder than in England to exclude hostile material from public discussion. Christian humanist pacifism was outweighed by the church's role in coordinating support for war and a nascent English Protestant nationalism. Englishmen and Netherlanders alike were ordered to celebrate their rulers' successes, but the English response concentrated on military victories and dynastic events, while Netherlanders put their efforts into celebrating peace.Less
This chapter examines the dissemination and reception of news about war. Tudors and Habsburgs alike sent out news of their campaigns by letter, but the market for pamphlets and printed news developed much faster in the Netherlands with its extensive printing industry. Such material interacted with civic entries, proclamations, and rumours to shape popular views of war. When these criticized rulers, their disseminators might be punished for sedition, but in the cosmopolitan Netherlands it was harder than in England to exclude hostile material from public discussion. Christian humanist pacifism was outweighed by the church's role in coordinating support for war and a nascent English Protestant nationalism. Englishmen and Netherlanders alike were ordered to celebrate their rulers' successes, but the English response concentrated on military victories and dynastic events, while Netherlanders put their efforts into celebrating peace.
Peter Hinds
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264430
- eISBN:
- 9780191733994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264430.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter discusses the activities of Parliament in relation to Catholics during the first few months following the plot revelations. One section looks at the representations of Catholics and ...
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This chapter discusses the activities of Parliament in relation to Catholics during the first few months following the plot revelations. One section looks at the representations of Catholics and Catholicism in pamphlet discourse. Many tropes of anti-Catholicism during the late seventeenth century that impacted upon the credibility of Oates' Popish Plot are taken into account. The importance of the representation of Catholics and Catholicism and how this representation could work to stimulate and sustain belief in the Popish Plot are discussed.Less
This chapter discusses the activities of Parliament in relation to Catholics during the first few months following the plot revelations. One section looks at the representations of Catholics and Catholicism in pamphlet discourse. Many tropes of anti-Catholicism during the late seventeenth century that impacted upon the credibility of Oates' Popish Plot are taken into account. The importance of the representation of Catholics and Catholicism and how this representation could work to stimulate and sustain belief in the Popish Plot are discussed.
Peter Hinds
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264430
- eISBN:
- 9780191733994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264430.003.0010
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter discusses and addresses two main concerns. It starts by examining the controversy that surrounded the moving of Parliament from Westminster to Oxford in March 1681. It analyses the ...
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This chapter discusses and addresses two main concerns. It starts by examining the controversy that surrounded the moving of Parliament from Westminster to Oxford in March 1681. It analyses the pamphlet discourse that circulated before and after it met, and considers the powerful strategy of invoking historical precedents in polemical debate. Finally, it looks at some representations of Antony Ashley Cooper, who was the Earl of Shaftesbury.Less
This chapter discusses and addresses two main concerns. It starts by examining the controversy that surrounded the moving of Parliament from Westminster to Oxford in March 1681. It analyses the pamphlet discourse that circulated before and after it met, and considers the powerful strategy of invoking historical precedents in polemical debate. Finally, it looks at some representations of Antony Ashley Cooper, who was the Earl of Shaftesbury.
Peter Hinds
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264430
- eISBN:
- 9780191733994
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264430.003.0012
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This concluding chapter discusses the realizations and attempts that were made in the previous chapters. It focuses on Roger L'Estrange, who was preoccupied with authority and used metaphors to ...
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This concluding chapter discusses the realizations and attempts that were made in the previous chapters. It focuses on Roger L'Estrange, who was preoccupied with authority and used metaphors to describe disguise and opacity. He was a prolific writer of pamphlets and periodicals, and was also fully alive to the manipulations and distortions of political discourse. Roger L'Estrange is also shown to have professed moderation, but he was found to be frequently guilty of zeal and running to extremes. The representation of Catholics is revealed to have been crucial for the credit of the plot.Less
This concluding chapter discusses the realizations and attempts that were made in the previous chapters. It focuses on Roger L'Estrange, who was preoccupied with authority and used metaphors to describe disguise and opacity. He was a prolific writer of pamphlets and periodicals, and was also fully alive to the manipulations and distortions of political discourse. Roger L'Estrange is also shown to have professed moderation, but he was found to be frequently guilty of zeal and running to extremes. The representation of Catholics is revealed to have been crucial for the credit of the plot.
Rochelle Pinto
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195690477
- eISBN:
- 9780199081899
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195690477.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
This book explores the contours of print production in Goa as an extension of the questions that had prompted the studies on print in colonial India. It looks into the nature of and principles ...
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This book explores the contours of print production in Goa as an extension of the questions that had prompted the studies on print in colonial India. It looks into the nature of and principles guiding Portuguese colonialism in Goa. The discussion of print as the locus of the formation and contestation of polities rests on certain assumptions about the functioning of the colonial state, its relation with the colonial elite, relations within colonial society, dissemination and bilingualism. The book initially draws on the representations of the Catholic elite, who were historically situated by colonial policy to occupy that public realm in which representations from elite and the state circulated among a limited public. The basic determinants of the colonial print sphere, such as language, the price and availability of print, and the Portuguese colonial state’s stance towards indigenous culture and the colonial elite were manifest in this interaction. This book examines how publications such as newsprint, novels, and pamphlets were printed in Goa during the nineteenth century.Less
This book explores the contours of print production in Goa as an extension of the questions that had prompted the studies on print in colonial India. It looks into the nature of and principles guiding Portuguese colonialism in Goa. The discussion of print as the locus of the formation and contestation of polities rests on certain assumptions about the functioning of the colonial state, its relation with the colonial elite, relations within colonial society, dissemination and bilingualism. The book initially draws on the representations of the Catholic elite, who were historically situated by colonial policy to occupy that public realm in which representations from elite and the state circulated among a limited public. The basic determinants of the colonial print sphere, such as language, the price and availability of print, and the Portuguese colonial state’s stance towards indigenous culture and the colonial elite were manifest in this interaction. This book examines how publications such as newsprint, novels, and pamphlets were printed in Goa during the nineteenth century.
Karin E. Gedge
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195130201
- eISBN:
- 9780199835157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195130200.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
The gender ideology of separate spheres that emerged in nineteenth-century America prescribed public roles for men and private roles for women while, at the same time, asking clergy and women to ...
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The gender ideology of separate spheres that emerged in nineteenth-century America prescribed public roles for men and private roles for women while, at the same time, asking clergy and women to serve together as moral guardians of the republic. The cultural no-man’s land they occupied proved to be dangerous territory. Four highly publicized trials reveal nineteenth-century Americans’ fascination and horror with clerical sexual misconduct and crimes against women: the 1832 murder trial of New England Methodist minister Ephraim Avery; the 1844 presentment for moral “impurities” of the Episcopal Bishop of New York, Benjamin Onderdonk; the 1857 criminal adultery trial of Boston pastor Isaac Kalloch; and the 1875 church hearing and civil trial for adultery of the renowned preacher, Henry Ward Beecher. The verbal and graphic images generated in each of these trials tapped deep cultural anxieties, showing clergy and women regularly transgressing the too permeable boundaries of separate spheres and calling into question their roles as moral guardians and the utility of gender ideals in regulating social and sexual behavior.Less
The gender ideology of separate spheres that emerged in nineteenth-century America prescribed public roles for men and private roles for women while, at the same time, asking clergy and women to serve together as moral guardians of the republic. The cultural no-man’s land they occupied proved to be dangerous territory. Four highly publicized trials reveal nineteenth-century Americans’ fascination and horror with clerical sexual misconduct and crimes against women: the 1832 murder trial of New England Methodist minister Ephraim Avery; the 1844 presentment for moral “impurities” of the Episcopal Bishop of New York, Benjamin Onderdonk; the 1857 criminal adultery trial of Boston pastor Isaac Kalloch; and the 1875 church hearing and civil trial for adultery of the renowned preacher, Henry Ward Beecher. The verbal and graphic images generated in each of these trials tapped deep cultural anxieties, showing clergy and women regularly transgressing the too permeable boundaries of separate spheres and calling into question their roles as moral guardians and the utility of gender ideals in regulating social and sexual behavior.
Karin E. Gedge
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195130201
- eISBN:
- 9780199835157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195130200.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
At the same time that ministerial misconduct exposed the flaws in separate spheres ideology, the accounts of two dozen clergymen’s trials disclose the ways they worked to repair and reinforce the ...
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At the same time that ministerial misconduct exposed the flaws in separate spheres ideology, the accounts of two dozen clergymen’s trials disclose the ways they worked to repair and reinforce the damaged boundaries. Caught in a disgraceful liaison that threatened a career, ministers usually escaped conviction or severe punishment. In the course of these trials, clergy were rescued from the dangerous domestic sphere and “masculinized,” portrayed as valiant combatants in monumental political or theological battles that secured their positions in the public sphere and acknowledged their value to the church and to society. Only two of these men were Catholic priests, yet most enjoyed a cultural immunity similar to the medieval privilege of “benefit of clergy.” Women, however, were “feminized,” depicted as vulnerable victims in need of the protection of fathers and husbands within the domestic sphere and suffering public ignominy if they strayed beyond it. In short, clergy learned to stay out of the domestic sphere and women to stay in it.Less
At the same time that ministerial misconduct exposed the flaws in separate spheres ideology, the accounts of two dozen clergymen’s trials disclose the ways they worked to repair and reinforce the damaged boundaries. Caught in a disgraceful liaison that threatened a career, ministers usually escaped conviction or severe punishment. In the course of these trials, clergy were rescued from the dangerous domestic sphere and “masculinized,” portrayed as valiant combatants in monumental political or theological battles that secured their positions in the public sphere and acknowledged their value to the church and to society. Only two of these men were Catholic priests, yet most enjoyed a cultural immunity similar to the medieval privilege of “benefit of clergy.” Women, however, were “feminized,” depicted as vulnerable victims in need of the protection of fathers and husbands within the domestic sphere and suffering public ignominy if they strayed beyond it. In short, clergy learned to stay out of the domestic sphere and women to stay in it.
Filippo De Vivo
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199227068
- eISBN:
- 9780191711114
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199227068.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter analyses the interdict pamphlets, which historians regard as the Republic's propaganda. In fact only a minority, led by Paolo Sarpi, favoured the recourse to printing, advocating a ...
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This chapter analyses the interdict pamphlets, which historians regard as the Republic's propaganda. In fact only a minority, led by Paolo Sarpi, favoured the recourse to printing, advocating a policy of publicity as the best means of countering the Roman onslaught. The chapter reconstructs the regulation of print censorship and the initiative in pamphlet publication. It discusses evidence relating to book-licences, edition numbers, formats, and the different methods of distribution (for money or for free). It also explores the role of authors and of the businessmen of Venice's publishing industry, and offers an interpretation of the pamphlets' essentially double strategy: representing popular loyalty to Venice and encouraging criticism of the papacy. Finally, it considers the impact of the pamphlets through issues such as availability, price, and language. By situating print in the political communication analysed in the rest of the book, this chapter addresses the thorny issue of reception.Less
This chapter analyses the interdict pamphlets, which historians regard as the Republic's propaganda. In fact only a minority, led by Paolo Sarpi, favoured the recourse to printing, advocating a policy of publicity as the best means of countering the Roman onslaught. The chapter reconstructs the regulation of print censorship and the initiative in pamphlet publication. It discusses evidence relating to book-licences, edition numbers, formats, and the different methods of distribution (for money or for free). It also explores the role of authors and of the businessmen of Venice's publishing industry, and offers an interpretation of the pamphlets' essentially double strategy: representing popular loyalty to Venice and encouraging criticism of the papacy. Finally, it considers the impact of the pamphlets through issues such as availability, price, and language. By situating print in the political communication analysed in the rest of the book, this chapter addresses the thorny issue of reception.
Maximillian E. Novak
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199261543
- eISBN:
- 9780191698743
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261543.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his ...
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Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his times. Through his pamphlets, newspapers, books of travel, and works of fiction he commented on anything and everything, from birth control to the price of coal, from flying machines to academies for women, from security for the aged to the dangers of the plague. In his fiction he created a type of vivid realism that powerfully influenced the development of the novel. The publication of works such as Robinson Crusoe are major events because they shape the ways in which we see our world, so that ever afterwards thoughts of desolation and desert islands immediately evoke Defoe's masterpiece. From his earliest collection of brief stories, which he presented to his future wife under the sobriquet Bellmour, to his Compleat English Gentleman, left unpublished at his death, Defoe was pre-eminently a creator of fictions. This life gives us a full understanding of the thought and personal experience that went into Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, and Roxana.Less
Daniel Defoe, best known as the author of Robinson Crusoe, lived during a period of dramatic historical, political, and social change in Britain, and was by any standard a superb observer of his times. Through his pamphlets, newspapers, books of travel, and works of fiction he commented on anything and everything, from birth control to the price of coal, from flying machines to academies for women, from security for the aged to the dangers of the plague. In his fiction he created a type of vivid realism that powerfully influenced the development of the novel. The publication of works such as Robinson Crusoe are major events because they shape the ways in which we see our world, so that ever afterwards thoughts of desolation and desert islands immediately evoke Defoe's masterpiece. From his earliest collection of brief stories, which he presented to his future wife under the sobriquet Bellmour, to his Compleat English Gentleman, left unpublished at his death, Defoe was pre-eminently a creator of fictions. This life gives us a full understanding of the thought and personal experience that went into Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, and Roxana.
Amy M. Froide
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199270606
- eISBN:
- 9780191710216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199270606.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter traces the emergence of the negative stereotypes of the spinster and the old maid. Examining various genres of literature from the Middle Ages to the 18th century, it focuses on three ...
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This chapter traces the emergence of the negative stereotypes of the spinster and the old maid. Examining various genres of literature from the Middle Ages to the 18th century, it focuses on three phases in the development of ideas about singlewomen. In the Middle Ages, singlewomen were largely depicted as nubile, young women, but in the 17th century contemporaries began to recognize the older and lifelong singlewoman, and created plans for housing and caring for such women. Beginning in the 1680s and only increasing over the 18th century, singlewomen came to be seen as pathetic, failures, or even loathed, diseased, and bestial creatures. This negative depiction originated in Protestant England and then spread to the continent and America. The influence of Mary Astell is also discussed in this chapter.Less
This chapter traces the emergence of the negative stereotypes of the spinster and the old maid. Examining various genres of literature from the Middle Ages to the 18th century, it focuses on three phases in the development of ideas about singlewomen. In the Middle Ages, singlewomen were largely depicted as nubile, young women, but in the 17th century contemporaries began to recognize the older and lifelong singlewoman, and created plans for housing and caring for such women. Beginning in the 1680s and only increasing over the 18th century, singlewomen came to be seen as pathetic, failures, or even loathed, diseased, and bestial creatures. This negative depiction originated in Protestant England and then spread to the continent and America. The influence of Mary Astell is also discussed in this chapter.
Judith Pollmann
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199609918
- eISBN:
- 9780191729690
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609918.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History, History of Religion
This book revolves round two questions. The first concerns the seemingly passive way in which Catholics responded to Calvinist aggression in the early decades of the Revolt; the second aim is to ...
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This book revolves round two questions. The first concerns the seemingly passive way in which Catholics responded to Calvinist aggression in the early decades of the Revolt; the second aim is to account for the very active support that laypeople in the Southern Netherlands, after 1585, began to show for a Catholic revival that turned the Habsburg provinces into the Northern European capital of the Counter-Reformation. The introduction explains why existing explanations do not suffice, and discusses the sources – diaries, memoirs, amateur poetry, plays and pamphlets – that make it possible to build the study around the voices of individual Catholics rather than the records of their institutions.Less
This book revolves round two questions. The first concerns the seemingly passive way in which Catholics responded to Calvinist aggression in the early decades of the Revolt; the second aim is to account for the very active support that laypeople in the Southern Netherlands, after 1585, began to show for a Catholic revival that turned the Habsburg provinces into the Northern European capital of the Counter-Reformation. The introduction explains why existing explanations do not suffice, and discusses the sources – diaries, memoirs, amateur poetry, plays and pamphlets – that make it possible to build the study around the voices of individual Catholics rather than the records of their institutions.
Martin Wiggins
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199650590
- eISBN:
- 9780191741982
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199650590.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter argues that the Long Parliament did not close the theatres in 1642 for Puritan ideological reasons, as is usually supposed. The evidence of prior parliamentary activity suggests that ...
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This chapter argues that the Long Parliament did not close the theatres in 1642 for Puritan ideological reasons, as is usually supposed. The evidence of prior parliamentary activity suggests that policy was initially to allow the theatres to remain open as a legitimate business enterprise. What we know of the plays and other dramas being staged at the time suggests that they were not likely to be considered politically dangerous, whereas the only obviously subversive dramatic (or semi-dramatic) form, the pamphlet dialogue which flourished after the suspension of press censorship, was unconnected with the theatre. The closure of the theatres was the result of a government U-turn taken in a particular and strikingly contingent set of circumstances involving the revelation of the royalist loyalties of the master of the revels and the specific tenor of one of the sermons preached to the House of Commons on the day the closure was decided; the ideas and words of the sermon are traceable in the text of the closure order which was drafted immediately afterwards.Less
This chapter argues that the Long Parliament did not close the theatres in 1642 for Puritan ideological reasons, as is usually supposed. The evidence of prior parliamentary activity suggests that policy was initially to allow the theatres to remain open as a legitimate business enterprise. What we know of the plays and other dramas being staged at the time suggests that they were not likely to be considered politically dangerous, whereas the only obviously subversive dramatic (or semi-dramatic) form, the pamphlet dialogue which flourished after the suspension of press censorship, was unconnected with the theatre. The closure of the theatres was the result of a government U-turn taken in a particular and strikingly contingent set of circumstances involving the revelation of the royalist loyalties of the master of the revels and the specific tenor of one of the sermons preached to the House of Commons on the day the closure was decided; the ideas and words of the sermon are traceable in the text of the closure order which was drafted immediately afterwards.
Ann Hughes
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199251926
- eISBN:
- 9780191719042
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199251926.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter describes the production of Gangraena: its printing, licensing, and distribution. It looks at how Edwards used pamphlets as sources and at the printed debate his books provoked, ...
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This chapter describes the production of Gangraena: its printing, licensing, and distribution. It looks at how Edwards used pamphlets as sources and at the printed debate his books provoked, particularly with John Goodwin and William Walwyn. The difficult history of reading is approached through the analysis both of the author’s intentions and methods, and of readers’ responses. The chapter stresses the interactions between print, oral communication, and manuscript circulation, both revealed in, and surrounding Gangraena, while also isolating the specific role of printed polemic in the increasing polarization amongst parliamentarians.Less
This chapter describes the production of Gangraena: its printing, licensing, and distribution. It looks at how Edwards used pamphlets as sources and at the printed debate his books provoked, particularly with John Goodwin and William Walwyn. The difficult history of reading is approached through the analysis both of the author’s intentions and methods, and of readers’ responses. The chapter stresses the interactions between print, oral communication, and manuscript circulation, both revealed in, and surrounding Gangraena, while also isolating the specific role of printed polemic in the increasing polarization amongst parliamentarians.
Gabriel Heaton
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199213115
- eISBN:
- 9780191707148
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213115.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter explores how the texts of Elizabethan country house entertainments were produced and circulated through the media of printed pamphlet and manuscript separate, the distinctive features of ...
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This chapter explores how the texts of Elizabethan country house entertainments were produced and circulated through the media of printed pamphlet and manuscript separate, the distinctive features of these media, and the roles of authors, patrons, scribes, publishers, and readers, in the production of texts. It provides an overview of Elizabethan entertainment texts and also looks in detail at the 1602 Harefield entertainment by John Davies. The multiple surviving manuscripts of this entertainment reveal much unique detail about the mechanics of how these texts were produced and circulated.Less
This chapter explores how the texts of Elizabethan country house entertainments were produced and circulated through the media of printed pamphlet and manuscript separate, the distinctive features of these media, and the roles of authors, patrons, scribes, publishers, and readers, in the production of texts. It provides an overview of Elizabethan entertainment texts and also looks in detail at the 1602 Harefield entertainment by John Davies. The multiple surviving manuscripts of this entertainment reveal much unique detail about the mechanics of how these texts were produced and circulated.
Thomas N. Corns
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198128830
- eISBN:
- 9780191671715
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198128830.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This is a critical study not only of the tracts and pamphlets of the literature of controversy but also of works within other literary genres of a non-controversial kind, such as the love lyric and ...
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This is a critical study not only of the tracts and pamphlets of the literature of controversy but also of works within other literary genres of a non-controversial kind, such as the love lyric and devotional poem. To the former it attempts to bring a new sense of its polemical ingenuity, its powerful integration of literary artifice and political cunning, and an enhanced awareness of its relationship both with other texts and with the political crises which it engages. For the latter, the study offers a new precision in the interpretation of its ideological implications and a new sense of how seemingly creative, intimate or recreational writing relates to the circumambient political intertext.Less
This is a critical study not only of the tracts and pamphlets of the literature of controversy but also of works within other literary genres of a non-controversial kind, such as the love lyric and devotional poem. To the former it attempts to bring a new sense of its polemical ingenuity, its powerful integration of literary artifice and political cunning, and an enhanced awareness of its relationship both with other texts and with the political crises which it engages. For the latter, the study offers a new precision in the interpretation of its ideological implications and a new sense of how seemingly creative, intimate or recreational writing relates to the circumambient political intertext.
Joad Raymond
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199282340
- eISBN:
- 9780191700194
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199282340.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter explores the strong metaphors used to describe newsbooks, their relation to pamphlets, and some of the more incisive critiques of the press. These paper bullets show that the newsbook ...
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This chapter explores the strong metaphors used to describe newsbooks, their relation to pamphlets, and some of the more incisive critiques of the press. These paper bullets show that the newsbook coalesced in relation to other printed forms, and that readers recognised the rules of the form, the commonplaces that surrounded its reception, and understood that these reflected the place of the newsbook in society. They are more coherent than the perceptions of subsequent critics.Less
This chapter explores the strong metaphors used to describe newsbooks, their relation to pamphlets, and some of the more incisive critiques of the press. These paper bullets show that the newsbook coalesced in relation to other printed forms, and that readers recognised the rules of the form, the commonplaces that surrounded its reception, and understood that these reflected the place of the newsbook in society. They are more coherent than the perceptions of subsequent critics.
Stephanie Kurzenhäuser and Ulrich Hoffrage
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195315448
- eISBN:
- 9780199932429
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195315448.003.0130
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Human-Technology Interaction
This chapter explores how the representation of statistical information affects the understanding of risks and uncertainties in medical contexts. Using mammography screening as a prime example, it is ...
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This chapter explores how the representation of statistical information affects the understanding of risks and uncertainties in medical contexts. Using mammography screening as a prime example, it is shown that problems in understanding and dealing with numbers are often due to poorly designed information environments, rather than to internal deficiencies of the human mind. For three types of statistical information that physicians and patients often encounter—conditional probabilities, single-event probabilities, and relative risks—a representation is proposed that facilitates understanding. These are compared to the representations actually used in published materials about mammography screening. Factors in the environment that can contribute to innumeracy are identified and the question of why risks are not always communicated in a transparent manner is addressed. Finally, recommendations are formulated for changes, in both the information environment and the institutional and legal environments, that could help foster statistical thinking and informed decisions about medical screening.Less
This chapter explores how the representation of statistical information affects the understanding of risks and uncertainties in medical contexts. Using mammography screening as a prime example, it is shown that problems in understanding and dealing with numbers are often due to poorly designed information environments, rather than to internal deficiencies of the human mind. For three types of statistical information that physicians and patients often encounter—conditional probabilities, single-event probabilities, and relative risks—a representation is proposed that facilitates understanding. These are compared to the representations actually used in published materials about mammography screening. Factors in the environment that can contribute to innumeracy are identified and the question of why risks are not always communicated in a transparent manner is addressed. Finally, recommendations are formulated for changes, in both the information environment and the institutional and legal environments, that could help foster statistical thinking and informed decisions about medical screening.
