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The first part of this chapter analyses the Providential rhetoric and civic and religious rituals (including oaths) by which the Constitution of 3 May 1791 was propagated and celebrated in the following months. The second section focuses on the sejmiks of February 1792, which, especially in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, delivered a clear endorsement of the Constitution in what was effectively a referendum. Particular attention is paid to the role of clergymen in cheerleading for the Polish Revolution, and in promoting the new discursive paradigm of ‘ordered liberty’, as well as to the controversial question of ecclesiastical censorship and evidence of continuing tensions between clergy and laity. Finally, the celebrations of the first anniversary of the Constitution are examined via the messages conveyed by ceremonies, speeches, hymns, and sacral architecture. Again, the Providential theme is omnipresent in what became an apotheosis of the king.

This chapter examines the ideal of ordered liberty in American constitutional tradition. It begins with an overview of the ideas of Thomas Friedman and Albert Einstein about the universe and relates them to the realm of the modern American university, along with the university's moral and legal jurisdiction to judge expression and opinion. It then explores the “marketplace of ideas” metaphor to describe public universities and goes on to discuss the constitutional struggle to balance liberty and order, First Amendment's “neutrality principle” in relation to freedom of speech, the so-called “carve-outs” of the general marketplace, and the dual character of the university as a microcosm of society when it comes to free speech principles. It also assesses the carve-outs to the “avert your eyes” principle involving the protection of children and of certain sanctuaries of privacy from offensive speech, the body of doctrines known as “public forum law,” hate speech and threats on campus, and free speech rights of faculty and students.

This chapter examines the ideal of ordered liberty in American constitutional tradition. It begins with an overview of the ideas of Thomas Friedman and Albert Einstein about the universe and relates them to the realm of the modern American university, along with the university's moral and legal jurisdiction to judge expression and opinion. It then explores the “marketplace of ideas” metaphor to describe public universities and goes on to discuss the constitutional struggle to balance liberty and order, First Amendment's “neutrality principle” in relation to freedom of speech, the so-called “carve-outs” of the general marketplace, and the dual character of the university as a microcosm of society when it comes to free speech principles. It also assesses the carve-outs to the “avert your eyes” principle involving the protection of children and of certain sanctuaries of privacy from offensive speech, the body of doctrines known as “public forum law,” hate speech and threats on campus, and free speech rights of faculty and students.

This book explores five constitutional ideas that have shaped the identity of American universities and thus illustrate the connection between the U.S. Constitution and the American college campus. As an introduction, this chapter considers the influence of the European university on the modern American university, with particular emphasis on the ideas of Albert Einstein. It then discusses five fundamental tensions within American constitutional law that have exerted a profound impact on the shape and definition of American universities: the debate over whether we have a “living Constitution”; the division between the public and private sphere; the distinction between “rights” and “privileges”; the notion of “ordered liberty”; and competing conceptions of equality.

This book explores five constitutional ideas that have shaped the identity of American universities and thus illustrate the connection between the U.S. Constitution and the American college campus. As an introduction, this chapter considers the influence of the European university on the modern American university, with particular emphasis on the ideas of Albert Einstein. It then discusses five fundamental tensions within American constitutional law that have exerted a profound impact on the shape and definition of American universities: the debate over whether we have a “living Constitution”; the division between the public and private sphere; the distinction between “rights” and “privileges”; the notion of “ordered liberty”; and competing conceptions of equality.